高中英语北师大版 (2019)必修 第二册Lesson 1 Avatars优秀ppt课件

课时把关练

Period Ⅱ　LESSON 1

第一部分　基础知识练

Ⅰ. 单词拼写

1. The advertisements are intended to improve the company’s __________ (形象).
2. The decorations were a little too __________ (花哨的) for my tastes.
3. __________ (现今) computers play an important part in our lives.
4. Don’t forget to try out the equipment before setting up the __________(实验).
5. Susan’s idea of freedom was to have __________ (多样化) in her life style.
6. There were so many different __________ (种类) of bread that I didn’t know which to buy.
7. My __________ (担忧) is that you’re not getting enough work done.
8. The man’s __________ (身份) was being kept secret while he was helping police with enquiries.
9. I think the __________ (明智的) thing to do is call and ask for directions.
10. New technology has enabled development of an online “__________ (虚拟的) library”.

Ⅱ. 单句语法填空

1. I didn’t fancy __________ (swim) in that water.
2. This seems to be a __________ (sense) way of dealing with the problem.
3. The shop has __________ (vary) clothes for women customers to choose from.
4. __________ (obvious), he was making up an excuse for his being late.
5. It’s worth taking the time to make a careful __________ (select).
6. The aim of the award is to encourage __________ (creative) and innovation.
7. What __________ (concern) me is our lack of preparation for the change.
8. The Internet is viewed by many __________ a revolutionary educational tool.
9. You are not allowed to look at the answers—that’s __________ (cheat).
10. __________ (experiment) on mice can give us an idea of the effect of the disease in humans.

Ⅲ. 完成句子　

1. There is _________________________ to choose from.

有种类繁多的图案可供选择。

2. The cloud lifted, and the tops of the mountains suddenly _________________________.

云层散去，群山的顶峰突然出现在眼前。

3. I’m _________________________ I could sleep in this chair!

我太累了，连坐在这椅子上都能睡着！

4. I believe that education _________________________ a person’s life.

我相信教育有能力改变一个人的生活。

5. Scientists _________________________ to test the effectiveness of the new drug.

科学家们正在做实验来检验这种新药的疗效。

第二部分　语法专项练

Ⅰ. 用所给单词的正确形式填空

1. Mike told me that he __________ (visit) the Disneyland the next day.
2. I was surprised at the news that David __________ (play) the role of the dinosaur in the play.
3. Lily decided that she __________ (settle) in New York and pursue her dream of becoming an actress.
4. I wasn’t sure whether he __________ (lend) me his book the next morning.
5. Hey, Timmy. I __________ (call) you. But now that you are here, I don’t have to.
6. Whenever we had trouble, she __________ (come) to help us.
7. The competition was so close that no one was sure who __________ (win) the Best Actor award.
8. I __________ (see) a film with Joanna on Saturday, but she didn’t feel well. So I just stayed at home.
9. Jim is not here right now. He said he __________ (be) on duty at the library this afternoon.
10. If she was to buy a nice gift for her husband Jim, she __________ (need) more money.
11. He said the work __________ (finish) in half an hour with the help of classmates.
12. The doctor added that the number of people who suffered from the disease __________ (expect) to drop in the coming weeks.

Ⅱ. 语法填空（时态专项练习）

Jim was shopping for a gift for his wife Della. The next day 1.__________ (be) Christmas. With an income of twenty dollars per week, life was hard for the couple, but Jim wanted to buy a perfect gift for Della. He 2.__________ (think) of the beautiful set of combs on show in one of the shop windows on Broadway. Della 3.__________ (want) those combs for so long. Tomorrow, Jim decided, he 4.__________ (make) Della’s dream come true.

Jim looked at the gold watch that 5.__________ (be) his father’s and his grandfather’s. He and Della 6.__________ (own) two things which they were both very proud of. One was Jim’s gold watch, and the other was Della’s beautiful hair. Jim already knew what he had to do: he 7.__________ (sell) his watch. That afternoon, Jim sold the watch, went to the shop for the combs and 8.__________ (return) home with a package in his pocket. He was sure that they 9.__________ (be) the most wonderful gift for Della. Jim was excited about what she 10.__________ (think) when she saw her gift the next day.

第三部分　能力提升练

Ⅰ. 课文语法填空

Avatars are digital identities 1.__________ can be used to represent you online. You can choose an avatar 2.__________ a selection of ready-made images, or create your own images. Although avatars haven’t been around for long, they are 3.__________ (wide) used in virtual worlds.

The first 2D avatars appeared in computer games. Yet, very few people knew that future avatars 4.__________ (have) such a wide variety of forms and uses. When people started creating their own avatars, they discovered that they were going to have the power to create new identities. Avatars let you express 5.__________ (you) and give you lots of room for 6.__________ (create). Most people create avatars similar to their personalities, but people obviously make their avatars look 7.__________ (good) than they do in real life.

The use of avatars has also caused a few 8.__________ (concern). Some users worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world. Besides, people may use avatars 9.__________ (cheat) others online. However, other users view avatars in 10.__________ more positive light.

Ⅱ. 阅读理解

A

主题：人与社会（科学与技术）　话题：人工智能机器人　体裁：说明文　建议用时：6＇

Never play games with a bot(机器人)—it will find a way to cheat if it can. A team from OpenAI, an artificial intelligence lab in San Francisco co-founded by Elon Musk, has developed artificially intelligent bots that taught themselves to cooperate by playing hide-and-seek. The bots also learned how to use basic tools and that disobeying the laws of physics can help to win.

In April, 2019, a team of bots known as the OpenAI Five beat the human world champions at the team-based video game Dota 2. The hide-and-seek bots use similar principles to learn but the simpler game allows for more inventive play.

Bowen Baker at OpenAI and his colleagues wanted to see if the team-based dynamics of the OpenAI Five could be used to create skills that could one day be useful to humans. The researchers set their bots loose in a simulated(模拟的) environment filled with fixed walls and movable boxes and left them to play team games of hide-and-seek millions of times. The bots each had their own view of the world and couldn’t communicate with each other directly. At first, the hiders simply ran away. However, they soon worked out that they could find objects in the environment to hide themselves from view. For example, they learned that boxes could be used to block doorways and build simple hiding places. The seekers learned that they could move a ramp(斜坡) around and use it to climb over walls. The bots then discovered that being a team player was the quickest way to win.

The hiders also learned to sabotage the other team, such as hiding the ramp before hiding themselves so that the other team can’t make use of the ramp. “Once one team learns a new strategy, it creates this pressure for the other team to adapt,” says Baker.

Such tricks show that AIs are able to find solutions that humans miss, says Baker. “Maybe they’ll even be able to solve problems that humans don’t yet know how to.” However, there’s still a long way to go from online hide-and-seek to real problem-solving.

1. What is OpenAI?

A. It’s a video game. B. It’s an AI system. 

C. It’s a science lab. D. It’s an intelligent bot.

2. What did the AI bots do at hide-and-seek?

A. They worked together to win. B. They created objects as their tools.

C. They learned the laws of physics. D. They communicated with each other directly.

3. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “sabotage” in Paragraph 4?

A. Help. B. Prevent. C. Take charge of. D. Keep up with.

4. What may the author tell in the following paragraph?

A. Advantages of AI bots over humans. B. Lessons from online hide-and-seek.

C. Possibilities of AI in real problem-solving. D. Limitations of such AI technology’s applications.

B

主题：人与社会（科学与技术）　话题：技术创新　体裁：说明文　建议用时：6＇

We have recently heard some interesting ways that 5G technology might change our lives in the future. 5G promises Internet speeds between 50 to 100 times faster than 4G systems. Such improvements are sure to be popular with 5G users worldwide. While it is said to start only in some few areas of the United States this year, much of the rest of the world is not expected to receive this service until 2023.

One project in Britain, though, is already testing the superfast technology, but not on humans. Instead, the experimental subjects(实验对象) are unlike the group of Internet users—cows. The system connects the animals to 5G in an effort to automate(使自动化) the milking process.

The project was developed by American technology company Cisco Systems. Testing areas were set up on farms in three rural areas of England. The cows are equipped with 5G-connected devices(设备) that are linked to a robotic milking system. The system uses sensors(传感器) and machine learning to fully automate the process.

System designers say technology takes over after a cow is ready to be milked and walks towards an automatic gate. The device is designed to recognise each cow. It then positions devices to the right body position for milking. During the process, machines offer food for the cow as a reward.

One of the test areas is in the town of Shepton Mallet in southwest England. There, about 50 of the farm’s 180 cows are fitted with 5G smart collars(智能项圈) in ear sensors. Project officials say the devices do not harm the cows and the sensors help farmers immediately find any problems or health concerns.

Duncan Forbes, the project leader, tells Reuters that so far, he thinks the project shows the farm’s 180 cow operations can be greatly improved with 5G technology.

Forbes adds that the experiment provides strong evidence that 5G technology can be widely used in the future “not just on farms, but in rural communities right across the country.”

5. What do we know about 5G technology from the first two paragraphs?

A. It has changed our lives.  B. It has more users than 4G.

C. It has not been widely used.  D. It is used on cows in the USA.

6. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?

A. The introduction of 5G devices.  B. The milking process with 5G technology.

C. The purpose of system designers.  D. The way machines provide cows with food.

7. Why are some cows fitted with ear sensors?

A. To recognise every cow.  B. To judge the position of the cow.

C. To reduce the harm from devices.  D. To find health problems in cows.

8. What is Forbes’ attitude to the future of 5G technology?

A. Doubtful. B. Hopeful. C. Disapproving. D. Uncaring.

Period Ⅱ　LESSON 1

第一部分　基础知识练

Ⅰ. 1. image　2. fancy　3. Nowadays　4. experiment　5. variety　6. types　7. concern　8. identity

9. sensible　10. virtual

Ⅱ. 1. swimming　2. sensible　3. various　4. Obviously　5. selection　6. creativity　7. concerns　8. as　

9. cheating　10. Experimenting

Ⅲ. 1. a wide variety of patterns　2. came into view　3. so tired that　4. has the power to change　

5. are conducting/carrying out/doing experiments

第二部分　语法专项练

Ⅰ. 1. would visit/was going to visit　2. would play/was going to play　3. would settle/was going to settle　

4. would lend/was going to lend　5. was going to call　6. would come　7. would win　8. was going to see　

9. would be/was going to be　10. would need　11. would be finished　12. would be expected　

Ⅱ. 1. would be　2. thought　3. had wanted　4. was going to make/would make　5. had been　6. owned

7. would sell/was going to sell　8. returned　9. would be/were going to be　

10. was going to think/would think

第三部分　能力提升练

Ⅰ. 1. that/which　2. from　3. widely　4. would have　5. yourself　6. creativity　7. better　8. concerns　

9. to cheat　10. a

Ⅱ. A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新型的人工智能机器人及这种机器人的特点。

1. C　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的A team from OpenAI, an artificial intelligence lab in San Francisco可知，OpenAI是旧金山的一个人工智能实验室，由此可知，OpenAI是一个科学实验室。
2. A　推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“A team from OpenAI… has developed artificially intelligent bots that taught themselves to cooperate by playing hide-and-seek.”可知，人工智能机器人通过玩捉迷藏来学会合作，它们发现团队合作是最快的获胜方式，由此可知，这些机器人学会了团队合作，为了胜利而共同努力。
3. B　词义猜测题。根据画线单词句中such as hiding the ramp before hiding themselves so that the other team can’t make use of the ramp可知，隐藏者在隐藏自己之前先隐藏斜坡，这样另一个团队就无法利用斜坡。由此可知，隐藏者学会了如何阻碍另一个团队，故选B项。
4. D　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“However, there’s still a long way to go from online hide-and-seek to real problem-solving.”可知，人工智能技术要想真正的解决问题还有很长的路要走，由此可知，作者在下一段可能会介绍此类人工智能技术应用到现实生活中会遇到什么困难，有哪些局限性，故选D项。

B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了奶牛成为英国首批5G用户，连接到5G的奶牛可以控制自己挤奶。

5. C　推理判断题。根据文章前两段，特别是第一段最后一句“While it is said to start...this service until 2023.”可以推断，5G技术还没有被广泛使用。
6. B　主旨大意题。根据文章第四段内容可知，本段主要介绍采用5G技术的挤奶过程。
7. D　细节理解题。根据文章第五段第三句“Project officials say the devices...or health concerns.”可知，这种耳部传感器可以帮助农民发现奶牛的健康问题。
8. B　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容可推断，Forbes对5G技术的应用前景充满了希望。