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2023届江苏省苏州八校联盟高三第二次适应性检测英语试题含答案
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这是一份2023届江苏省苏州八校联盟高三第二次适应性检测英语试题含答案，共26页。
2023届江苏省苏州八校联盟高三第二次适应性检测英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
第一部分 阅读理解
Master Gardener Volunteers Wanted
Why Become a Master Gardener?
The Master Gardener program is an all-volunteer organization where you can develop your own leadership and teaching skills while teaching the younger youth about healthy eating, agriculture, and so on! Master Gardeners involve people in activities to improve their general well-being and overall enjoyment of life by helping them find sound management practices for home and urban natural resources, by creating pleasing environments through people-plant interactions and horticultural therapy(园艺疗法), and by contributing to a safe, abundant food supply through home fruit and vegetable production.
What Qualifications Must You Meet?
Anyone can apply to be a Master Gardener — you don’t need to be an expert or have a degree. You do, however, need to:
●Have certain experience or know a little about gardening or landscape management.
●Be willing to share horticulture information with others.
●Be willing to attend a training program and can devote time to volunteering and continuing education.
Besides, to become a Master Gardener volunteer, each applicant needs to complete an application, prepare background screening paperwork and schedule an interview with Extension staff.
What Does the Training Involve?
Training sessions are offered one day a week over a three-month period and are led by expert educators in the region. Approximately 60 hours of classroom instruction and field study and 60 hours of volunteer internship(实习) work are required to complete the program and become certified. In order to remain a certified Master Gardener, 30 hours of volunteer work and 10 hours of continuing education or advanced training are required each year.
1. What does a Master Gardener do?
A. Help raise people’s quality of life by horticulture.
B. Teach the youth about diets and agriculture.
C. Promote horticultural practices at home.
D. Train volunteers to help with gardening.
2. What is required if you want to apply to be a Master Gardener?
A. Acquiring excellent teaching skills.
B. Having some relevant knowledge.
C. Completing given training sessions.
D. Obtaining rich volunteer experience.
3. How long will it take to become a qualified Master Gardener?
A. A year. B. Three months.
C. About 160 hours. D. About 120 hours.
At 1:43 a.m. October 5, 2022, Stanford chemist Carolyn R. Bertozzi was awakened by a phone call from a Nobel committee representative who told her, “You have 50 minutes to collect yourself and wait until your life changes.” Instructed not to share the announcement outside of her tightest inner circle, the first person Bertozzi called was her father, a retired physics professor from MIT. “He’s 91 and, of course, he was just overjoyed,” said Bertozzi.
Carolyn Bertozzi, born October 10, 1966, Boston, was awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry for her development of bioorthogonal reactions, which allow scientists to explore cells and track biological processes without disturbing the normal chemistry of the cell. She shares the $10 million Swedish kronor(about $1 million USD) prize equally with Morten Meldal, professor at University of Copenhagen and K. Barry Sharpless, professor at Scripps Research “for the development of click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry.”
Carolyn received a bachelor’s degree in chemistry from Harvard University in 1988 and a doctorate in the same subject from the University of California, Berkeley in 1993. She was a postdoctoral fellow at the University of California, San Francisco, from 1993 to 1995. She became an assistant professor at Berkeley in 1996 and a full professor of chemistry and molecular and cell biology in 2002. She also held an appointment as a professor of molecular and cellular pharmacology from 2000 to 2002 at the University of California, San Francisco. In 2015 she became a professor of chemistry at Stanford University.
“I could not be more delighted that Carolyn Bertozzi has won the Nobel Prize in chemistry,” said Stanford President Marc Tessier-Lavigne. “In pioneering the field of bioorthogonal chemistry, Carolyn invented a new way of studying biomolecular processes, one that has helped scientists around the world gain a deeper understanding of chemical reactions in living systems. Her work has had remarkable real-world impact, providing new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to treat disease. Carolyn is so deserving of this honor, and all of us at Stanford are too proud to call her one of our own.”
Carolyn’s bioorthogonal reactions have been used to study how cells build proteins and other molecules, to develop new cancer medicines, and to produce new materials for energy storage, among many other applications.
4. Why does the author mention the phone call Carolyn received in Paragraph 1?
A. To introduce the background information of Carolyn.
B. To reveal a conversation between two scientists.
C. To arouse the readers’ interest in the passage.
D. To show the urgency about the information.
5. What can we learn about Carolyn from paragraphs 2 and 3?
A. Her education and success. B. Her delight and pride.
C. Her kindness and devotion. D. Her dream and ambition.
6. What can we infer from Marc Tessier-Lavigne’s words?
A. He wants to cooperate with Carolyn.
B. Carolyn has found a new cure for cancer.
C. He benefits greatly from Carolyn’s findings.
D. Carolyn’s findings are of great significance.
7. What is the text?
A. A profile. B. A news report.
C. A journal. D. A book review.
Nowadays, bamboo growth cycles and the dietary needs of lemurs(狐猴) are out of sync. Findings show rainfalls are changing annually. Over the past two years, there has been a three-month delay in the rainy season and new tender shoots that lemurs consume for nutrition are appearing in January and February — 14 days after the first rainfall, says Patricia Chapple Wright, a primatologist, anthropologist, and conservationist at Stony Brook University. “Lemurs eat a food source that is very adaptive,” Patricia Wright told PBS NewsHour. “It’s able to stand climate change, but the lemurs, unfortunately, can’t adapt quickly to this changed cycle.”
Since baby lemurs are born in November, the delayed rainy season is dangerously affecting the survival of them for lack of nutrition available for both the mothers and offspring. “This is why, for extreme feeding specialists like the greater bamboo lemur, climate change can be an unknowing killer,” Wright says. “Making the lemurs rely on bamboo stems(茎) for just a bit longer may be enough to tip the balance from existence to extinction.” The lemurs’ highly specialized teeth are also similar to the pandas’ teeth. Both are the mammals able to chew up stems. But this diet can’t last for more than a season or two because the stems can wear away their teeth.
The researchers believe that climate change is affecting the lemurs. The fossil record shows that the lemurs once lived throughout the island. Today, the mammals are cornered on the eastern side, where the dry season at present is the shortest. And if people continue the deforestation practice in the area, the lemurs will have nowhere to go.
The situation is serious, so Wright and her colleagues plan to create bamboo corridors within the rainforests, which will provide available bamboo to eat. They want to work with local villagers to plant more bamboo and manage automatic watering systems when dry seasons last long. They also want to build the local economy by allowing people to harvest a part of bamboo while the rest remains with the lemurs, so people will be interested. Wright’s conservation plans include moving lemurs back to other places on the island as well.
8. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?
A. Go with each other. B. Occur at different times.
C. Lead to a heated discussion. D. Call for effective protection.
9. Why will lemurs get hungry if the dry season continues?
A. They may run out of bamboo.
B. They can’t adapt to the hot season.
C. They dislike the less delicious stems.
D. They can’t chew the stems for a long period.
10. What mainly caused the living area of lemurs to narrow?
A. The climate change. B. Their teeth protection.
C. The decreasing forest. D. Their special dietary habits.
11. Which of the following may Wright approve of to protect lemurs?
A. Shortening the dry season.
B. Forbidding the cutting of bamboo.
C. Strengthening people’s motivation.
D. Finding other islands for lemurs to live on.
The burning of coal may be falling out of favor as a means of generating heat and electricity, but that doesn’t mean it no longer has valuable uses. The team of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST) is using coal for a new economy.
The project is led by Associate Professor Andrea Fratalocchi. While reading about challenges of ending the use of coal in power generation, Fratalocchi was struck by a novel possible use for coal. “Why don’t we use coal for seawater desalination(脱盐)?” Fratalocchi recalls, still excited. Capable of taking in sunlight, the black mineral adds to the list of substances in dark colors serving the purpose, which the team is on a long-standing hunt for.
Fralalocchi and his team began to explore the use of a material known as carbonized compressed powder(压缩粉末), also CCP, which is created by breaking coal into powder, and then pressing that powder back into a solid that has more tiny holes — it can also be made into a desired shape. The team mixed CCP with natural cotton fibers, producing a block which was then placed within a seawater-containing container, with its bottom touching water surface. While sunlight heated the black surface of the block, the inside fibers helped water flow in and through the block from the bottom. When that liquid water reached the hot surface, it turned into steam which rose and condensed(冷凝) on the inside of a specially shaped cover. That condensation then flew down the cover and was collected as fresh, drinkable water. The seawater’s salt content remained behind within the CCP. A simple wash was enough to remove most of it, so the material could be reused multiple times.
KAUST has partnered with the Dutch start-up PERA Complexity to promote the technology. The material will see its first use in a pilot plant in Brazil. “CCP is abundant in nature and reasonable to use, besides being lightweight and highly changeable,” says team member Marcella Bonifazi. “The device’s desalination rate per unit of raw material is two to three times higher than that of any other solar desalination system, but it produces fresh water at around one-third the expense of current state-of-the-art technologies.”
12. What has Fratalocchi’s team been seeking for?
A. Fibers functioning well with CCP.
B. Green ways to desalinate seawater.
C. New industrial applications of coal.
D. Dark-colored materials for desalination.
13. How did the seawater get into the CCP block?
A. Through the tiny holes. B. Through CCP.
C. Through cotton fibers. D. Through a special cover.
14. Which feature of CCP does Marcella Bonifazi stress?
A. Being eco-friendly. B. Being low-cost.
C. Being efficient. D. Being flexible.
15. What does the text mainly talk about?
A. Drinkable water will be got from the sea.
B. CCP is expected to be in real-life use soon.
C. Coal finds new use in desalination technology.
D. Scientists have made a breakthrough in desalination.
二、七选五
Searching for a new cat to add to your family? If your home already has a cat, you may wonder how your cat will welcome a new partner. ____16____ Continue reading for tips on how to do that.
Your existing cat’s needs come first. ____17____ Does your cat prefer female cats over male cats? If he/she enjoys the company of female cats, adopting a female cat can help. If you adopt a young kitten as a companion for your older cat, it can work well as kittens get along with a cat of any age.
Shower your existing cat with extra attention. Cats can be territorial when it comes to their space; the same can be true for their owners as well. ____18____ Giving your cat more hugs and care during the introduction of a new cat can help ease his/her bad feeling. This also helps your cat accept and trust the new one more quickly.
____19____ When you bring your new cat home, it’s best to keep the cats in different rooms. This way they won’t try to defend their territory. Each should have their own space with bowls and cat furniture so he/she don’t feel the need to compete. And do spend time with the new cat as he/she can also be stressed in a new environment.
Introduce the new cat slowly. Your cats will have the chance to get used to each other’s smell through the door. When they seem interested in meeting, you can bring one into the other’s territory. _______20_______ If you notice either of the cats getting uncomfortable, separate them.
A. Separate the cats initially.
B. Make sure your cat feels at home.
C. Do this at least a few days after the new cat arrives.
D. Think about your existing cat’s personality and habits.
E. Your cat can get envious of a newcomer easily if feeling ignored.
F. Give both cats a special treat when they first meet to encourage peace.
G. There is a process to make the change less stressful for both you and the cats.
三、完形填空
After graduation I managed to work at a news organization. As I was new to the world of ___21___, I was often sent to finish ___22___ assignments, but I was eager to ___23___ myself in tough things. All I wanted was to make a ___24___ impression on my seniors.
I ___25___ a senior colleague named Joy to let me follow him to his meeting with a major leader. Joy ______26______ me with recording the process on tape. After we got back to the office, Joy asked me to ___27___ the tapes for editing. To my ___28___ they were all blank! Was this going to cost me my job? Tears welled up in my eyes. I could imagine him angry at my ___29___ and asking me to leave.
When Joy asked me for the tapes, I ___30___ and cried, apologetic and embarrassed. “I think I saved them, but ...” I said. However, Joy, with a lot of ___31___ as a journalist, had strange ___32___ on his face. “You have to make ___33___ to learn how you can do the job better next time, right?” he smiled.
I was shocked and grateful. He taught me the most important lesson in my life: Mistakes are ___34___ and what we learn from them is what ___35___ the course of our success.
21. A. writing B. communicating C. socializing D. reporting
22. A. boring B. tiring C. easy D. heavy
23. A. involve B. express C. bury D. enjoy
24. A. subjective B. positive C. vivid D. general
25. A. convinced B. expected C. dared D. reminded
26. A. assisted B. occupied C. inspired D. tasked
27. A. make B. replay C. pause D. erase
28. A. disappointment B. annoyance C. regret D. horror
29. A. carelessness B. weakness C. silliness D. rudeness
30. A. got away B. gave in C. broke down D. held back
31. A. enthusiasm B. experience C. responsibility D. creativity
32. A. astonishment B. hesitancy C. calmness D. appreciation
33. A. errors B. statements C. decisions D. commitments
34. A. unavoidable B. unacceptable C. controllable D. predictable
35. A. perfects B. reflects C. changes D. determines
语法填空
With about half of the vast country covered in wilderness, China is the world’s third most species-rich country. Therefore, China’s ___36___ (achieve) in biodiversity conservation and wilderness protection are important to the future of global biodiversity conservation.
The vital biodiversity, ___37___ (combine) with a large population, has led the government to reconsider its protected area system and transform some wilderness areas such as the rainforest in Hainan ___38___ formal national parks. The new national park system will make it more practical ___39___ (preserve) habitats and species. The aim is to preserve biodiversity and ensure a ___40___ (harmony) relation between humans and nature.
The national parks cross China’s vast ecosystems, from the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park in the south ___41___ the Hainan gibbon — a critically endangered species live, the Giant Panda National Park, the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park, the Wuyi Mountain National Park to the Sanjiangyuan National Park on the Qinghai-Tibet Platau — ___42___ source of the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and the Lancang River. The diversity of species and habitats under protection ___43___ (reflect) in these parks’ names.
The national parks are open to all. Visitors can make reservations online in advance ___44___ book on the spot. They should acquire a little local knowledge to get ___45___ (they) ready for the amazing trip and maximize their enjoyment.
书面表达
假定你是李华，你校英语俱乐部拟邀请David Brown教授来做一个关于英国节日文化的讲座。请用英语写一份主持该讲座的开场白，内容包括：
1. 活动目的；2. 介绍David教授；3. 听讲座要求。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Boys and girls,
May I have your attention, please?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二部分、读后续写
On a winter Sunday good for skiing, Sue arrived at their holiday chalet(棚屋) with joy. Sue’s skis were sticking out behind her. Mark, another skier, tripped over Sue’s skis. Before Sue could apologize, Mike shouted, “Your skis are in the way. You’ve got big smelly feet!” In view of his attitude, Sue ignored him. Mark lost face and was more angry.
The ski lift took all the skiers to the top of the mountain. The hard snow of the piste(滑雪道) was below them. Then Sue skied down the mountain. As a good skier, she didn’t fall over. Mark, along with his good friend David, was watching her with envy and anger. They were also good skiers but they didn’t know Sue very well. “She’s good,” David said. “But we’re better,” Mark responded with dissatisfaction.
The young people skied all day. They enjoyed themselves and forgot everything. On Wednesday morning, the young people were waiting for the ski lift when their teacher announced a ski race. The race would be arranged for the last day of the holiday on a long and difficult ten-kilometer piste. Everybody wanted to win! They went up the mountain, put on their skis and skied down the piste, practicing for the race. Sue skied fast, so did Mark and David. Obviously, these three became powerful opponents.
It was Saturday and the race was going to be held in the afternoon. Sue was hungry and left her skis at the side of a café. She sat down and ordered lunch. Later, David and Mark came in. They also headed to the side to put their skis there. Mark noticed Sue’s skis and aimed a kick angrily at them. Then he found a screw(螺丝) on Sue’s ski was loose, unsure whether it was caused by the force or it was like that originally. “Sue’s skis won’t work. We’re sure to win,” Mark said and pointed. They smiled knowingly at each other.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Finally came the time of the race and everyone was excited.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Maybe feeling guilty or nervous, Mark made a mistake and fell down when Sue approached him.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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1. A 2. B 3. D
本文是一篇应用文，是一篇园艺大师志愿者的招聘广告。
1. 细节理解题。由第一段“Master Gardeners involve people in activities to improve their general well-being and overall enjoyment of life by helping them find sound management practices for home and urban natural resources, by creating pleasing environments through people-plant interactions and horticultural therapy(园艺疗法), and by contributing to a safe, abundant food supply through home fruit and vegetable production.（园艺大师通过帮助人们找到家庭和城市自然资源的合理管理方法，通过人与植物的互动和园艺治疗创造令人愉悦的环境，通过家庭水果和蔬菜生产促进安全、丰富的食物供应，使人们参与活动，以改善他们的总体福祉和全面的生活享受。）”可知，园艺大师通过园艺疗法帮助提高人们的生活质量，故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据What Qualifications Must You Meet?部分的“Have certain experience or know a little about gardening or landscape management.（对园艺或景观管理有一定经验或略知一二。）”可知，如果你想申请成为园艺大师，需要有一定的相关知识。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Approximately 60 hours of classroom instruction and field study and 60 hours of volunteer internship(实习) work are required to complete the program and become certified.（大约需要60小时的课堂教学和实地研究以及60小时的志愿者实习工作才能完成该项目并获得认证。）”可知，成为一名合格的园艺师需要的时间是60h+60h=120h，故选D。
4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B
这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了斯坦福大学化学家Carolyn R. Bertozzi在化学方面的成就以及其受教育情况。
4. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“At 1:43 a.m. October 5, 2022, Stanford chemist Carolyn R. Bertozzi was awakened by a phone call from a Nobel committee representative who told her, ‘You have 50 minutes to collect yourself and wait until your life changes.’ Instructed not to share the announcement outside of her tightest inner circle, the first person Bertozzi called was her father, a retired physics professor from MIT.（凌晨1点43分。2022年10月5日，斯坦福大学化学家Carolyn R. Bertozzi被诺贝尔委员会代表的电话吵醒，电话告诉她：“你有50分钟的时间整理自己，等待你的生活发生改变。”贝尔托兹被告知不要向她最亲密的小圈子以外的人透露这一消息，于是打电话给的第一个人是她的父亲，一位麻省理工学院的退休物理学教授。）”可知电话时间、内容与来电者都可以激发读者兴趣。故选C项。
5. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Carolyn Bertozzi, born October 10, 1966, Boston, was awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry for her development of bioorthogonal reactions, which allow scientists to explore cells and track biological processes without disturbing the normal chemistry of the cell.（Carolyn Bertozz，1966年10月10日出生于波士顿，因其生物正交反应的发展而被授予诺贝尔化学奖。生物正交反应使科学家能够在不干扰细胞正常化学反应的情况下探索细胞并跟踪生物过程。）”以及文章第三段“Carolyn received a bachelor’s degree in chemistry from Harvard University in 1988 and a doctorate in the same subject from the University of California, Berkeley in 1993. She was a postdoctoral fellow at the University of California, San Francisco, from 1993 to 1995. She became an assistant professor at Berkeley in 1996 and a full professor of chemistry and molecular and cell biology in 2002. She also held an appointment as a professor of molecular and cellular pharmacology from 2000 to 2002 at the University of California, San Francisco. In 2015 she became a professor of chemistry at Stanford University.（Carolyn1988年获得哈佛大学化学学士学位，1993年获得加州大学伯克利分校化学博士学位。1993年至1995年，她在加州大学旧金山分校做博士后。1996年，她成为伯克利大学的助理教授，2002年成为化学、分子和细胞生物学的正教授。2000年至2002年，她还在加州大学旧金山分校担任分子和细胞药理学教授。2015年，她成为斯坦福大学的化学教授。）”可知文章第二段主要介绍了Carolyn在化学方面的贡献，第三段主要介绍了她的教育与学历的情况，所以从文章的二三段中我们可以了解到Carolyn的有关教育和成功的情况。故选A项。
6. 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“‘In pioneering the field of bioorthogonal chemistry, Carolyn invented a new way of studying biomolecular processes, one that has helped scientists around the world gain a deeper understanding of chemical reactions in living systems. Her work has had remarkable real-world impact, providing new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to treat disease. Carolyn is so deserving of this honor, and all of us at Stanford are too proud to call her one of our own.’（‘在开创生物正交化学领域时，Carolyn发明了一种研究生物分子过程的新方法，这种方法帮助世界各地的科学家对生命系统中的化学反应有了更深入的了解。她的工作产生了显著的现实影响，为治疗疾病提供了新的诊断和治疗方法。Carolyn是当之无愧的，我们斯坦福的所有人都为她感到骄傲，以至于称她为自己人。’）”可知Carolyn的发现帮助世界各地的科学家对生命系统中的化学反应有了更深入的了解，为治疗疾病提供了新的诊断和治疗方法，所以从Marc Tessier-Lavigne的话中我们可以推出Carolyn的发现意义重大。故选D项。
7. 推理判断题。文章第一段“At 1:43 a.m. October 5, 2022, Stanford chemist Carolyn R. Bertozzi was awakened by a phone call from a Nobel committee representative who told her, ‘You have 50 minutes to collect yourself and wait until your life changes.’ Instructed not to share the announcement outside of her tightest inner circle, the first person Bertozzi called was her father, a retired physics professor from MIT.（凌晨1点43分。2022年10月5日，斯坦福大学化学家Carolyn R. Bertozzi被诺贝尔委员会代表的电话吵醒，电话告诉她：‘你有50分钟的时间整理自己，等待你的生活发生改变。’贝尔托兹被告知不要向她最亲密的小圈子以外的人透露这一消息，于是打电话给的第一个人是她的父亲，一位麻省理工学院的退休物理学教授。）”总的概括全文内容，文章二、三段主要介绍的是Carolyn的化学成就以及其受教育的情况，文章最后两段主要介绍Carolyn发现的重大意义以及具体应用，由此可见，文章主要介绍了Carolyn获得诺贝尔化学奖这一事件的始末及其后续影响，因此为新闻报道。故选B项。
8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是因为雨季的推迟导致了竹子的生长周期和狐猴的饮食需求不同步，所研究人员主张通过与当地人的合作进而增强人们积极性的方式来给狐猴提供可供食用的竹子，从而更好地保护狐猴。
8. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Over the past two years, there has been a three-month delay in the rainy season and new tender shoots that lemurs consume for nutrition are appearing in January and February — 14 days after the first rainfall, says Patricia Chapple Wright, a primatologist, anthropologist, and conservationist at Stony Brook University. ‘Lemurs eat a food source that is very adaptive,’ Patricia Wright told PBS NewsHour. ‘It’s able to stand climate change, but the lemurs, unfortunately, can’t adapt quickly to this changed cycle.’（Stony Brook University的灵长类动物学家、人类学家和自然资源保护主义者Patricia Chapple Wright说，在过去的两年里，雨季推迟了三个月，狐猴用来补充营养的嫩芽出现在1月和2月，也就是第一场降雨后的14天。Patricia Chapple Wright在接受PBS新闻一小时节目采访时表示：‘狐猴的食物来源非常适应。’‘它能够忍受气候变化，但不幸的是，狐猴不能迅速适应这种变化的周期。’）”可以推断在过去的两年里，雨季推迟了三个月，所以狐猴用来补充营养的嫩芽出现的时间就比以往晚了，这就导致嫩芽的出现和狐猴需要食物的时间对不上了，所划线部分的意思是竹子的生长周期和狐猴的饮食需求是不同步的。故选B项。
9. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The lemurs’ highly specialized teeth are also similar to the pandas’ teeth. Both are the mammals able to chew up stems. But this diet can’t last for more than a season or two because the stems can wear away their teeth.（狐猴高度特殊化的牙齿也与熊猫的牙齿相似。这两种哺乳动物都能咀嚼树干。但这种饮食方式不能持续超过一两个季节，因为茎会磨损它们的牙齿。）”可知因为狐猴的牙齿无法长时间咀嚼茎秆，而干旱持久意味着这种供应时间会变长，所以如果旱季持续的话狐猴会因为牙齿无法长时间咀嚼茎秆而挨饿。故选D项。
10. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The researchers believe that climate change is affecting the lemurs. The fossil record shows that the lemurs once lived throughout the island. Today, the mammals are cornered on the eastern side, where the dry season at present is the shortest. And if people continue the deforestation practice in the area, the lemurs will have nowhere to go.（研究人员认为气候变化正在影响狐猴。化石记录显示狐猴曾经生活在整个岛屿。如今，这些哺乳动物被逼到了东部，那里目前的旱季最短。如果人们继续在该地区砍伐森林，狐猴将无处可去。）”可知因为气候变化所以狐猴被迫到了岛屿的东部地区，所以影响狐猴生长区域变窄的主要原因是气候的变化。故选A项。
11. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“They want to work with local villagers to plant more bamboo and manage automatic watering systems when dry seasons last long. They also want to build the local economy by allowing people to harvest a part of bamboo while the rest remains with the lemurs, so people will be interested.（他们想和当地村民一起种植更多的竹子，并在旱季持续很久时管理自动浇水系统。他们还想通过允许人们收割一部分竹子，而剩下的留给狐猴，来发展当地的经济，这样人们就会感兴趣。）”可以推断Wright希望通过与当地人的合作即允许当地人种植竹林，提供自动供水系统，发展经济让竹子变成经济作物以调动当地人积极性等来给狐猴提供可供食用的竹子，所以Wright赞成通过增强人们的积极性来保护狐猴。故选C项。
12. D 13. C 14. B 15. C
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是阿卜杜拉国王科技大学（KAUST）的团队正在探索将煤用来淡化海水这一新用途。
12. 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Capable of taking in sunlight, the black mineral adds to the list of substances in dark colors serving the purpose, which the team is on a long-standing hunt for.（这种黑色矿物具有吸收阳光的能力，是该团队长期以来一直在寻找的具有吸收阳光功能的深色物质的又一项）”可知，团队一直在寻找一种深黑色并且能脱盐的材料。故选D。
13. 细节理解题。根据第三段的“The team mixed CCP with natural cotton fibers, producing a block which was then placed within a seawater-containing container, with its bottom touching water surface. While sunlight heated the black surface of the block, the inside fibers helped water flow in and through the block from the bottom.（该团队将CCP与天然棉纤维混合，制成一块块，然后放置在一个含有海水的容器中，其底部接触水面。当阳光加热块的黑色表面时，内部纤维帮助水从底部流入并穿过块状物）”可知，海水需要经过一个特别的纤维材料过滤，进入容器。故选C。
14. 推理判断题。根据第四段的“‘CCP is abundant in nature and reasonable to use, besides being lightweight and highly changeable,’ says team member Marcella Bonifazi. ‘The device’s desalination rate per unit of raw material is two to three times higher than that of any other solar desalination system, but it produces fresh water at around one-third the expense of current state-of-the-art technologies.’（‘CCP的性质丰富，使用合理，除了轻量级和高度多变，’团队成员Marcella Bonifazi说。‘该装置每单位原料的脱盐率比任何其他太阳能脱盐系统高两到三倍，但它生产淡水的成本约为目前最先进技术的三分之一。’）”可知，材料在自然可以轻易获取，但是成本是现有方法的三分之一，可见强调的是低成本。故选B。
15. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“The team of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST) is using coal for a new economy.（阿卜杜拉国王科技大学（KAUST）的团队正在将煤炭用于一种新经济）”和第二段的“Why don’t we use coal for seawater desalination(脱盐)?（我们为什么不用煤来淡化海水呢？）”可知，本文主要讲的是阿卜杜拉国王科技大学（KAUST）的团队正在探索将煤用来淡化海水这一新用途，也就是“煤在海水淡化技术中找到了新用途”，即Coal finds new use in desalination technology。故选C。
16. G 17. D 18. E 19. A 20. C
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在有猫咪的家庭引进新的“家庭成员”时需要思考的内容和措施。
16. 根据下文“Continue reading for tips on how to do that.（继续阅读有关如何做到这一点的建议）”推知，空处在介绍建议。G项“有一个过程可以让你和猫都减少压力”引出下文，符合题意。故选G。
17. 上文“Your existing cat’s needs come first.（你现有的猫的需求是第一位的）”以及下文“Does your cat prefer female cats over male cats? If he/she enjoys the company of female cats, adopting a female cat can help.（你的猫更喜欢母猫而不是公猫吗？如果他/她喜欢母猫的陪伴，收养一只母猫会有帮助）”说明要将你现有的猫的需求放在第一位，考虑现有的猫的喜好，D项“想想你现有的猫的性格和习惯”承上启下，符合题意。故选D。
18. 上文“Cats can be territorial when it comes to their space; the same can be true for their owners as well.（猫在空间上可能是有领土的；对它们的主人来说也是如此）”说明猫有领土意识，并且对主人有占有意识，以及下文“Giving your cat more hugs and care during the introduction of a new cat can help ease his/her bad feeling.（在引进新猫的过程中，给你的猫更多的拥抱和照顾可以帮助缓解他/她的不良情绪）”说明猫会对新来的猫产生不良情绪，E项中envious是关键词，E项“如果你的猫觉得自己被忽视了，它很容易嫉妒新来的猫”说明猫对新来的猫会感到嫉妒，需要主人更多的拥抱和照顾，承上启下，符合题意。故选E。
19. 下文“When you bring your new cat home, it’s best to keep the cats in different rooms.（当你把你的新猫带回家时，最好把猫放在不同的房间里）”说明新的猫到家后，最好要将其与原来的猫分开在不同房间，A项“起初要将猫分开”引出下文，符合题意。故选A。
20. 上文“Introduce the new cat slowly. Your cats will have the chance to get used to each other’s smell through the door. When they seem interested in meeting, you can bring one into the other’s territory.（慢慢地介绍这只新猫。你的猫将有机会习惯彼此通过门发出的气味。当他们似乎有兴趣见面时，你可以把一个带到另一个的领地）”说明要慢慢地把新来的猫介绍给家里原有的猫，C项“在新猫到来后至少几天内这样做”说明要慢慢介绍猫给彼此，符合题意。故选C。
21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. A 35. D
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者刚进入新闻行业工作时主动请缨跟随前辈开会，结果因为失误导致会议没有记录，最后在前辈的包容下懂得犯错意义的故事。
21. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于我刚刚接触到新闻报道领域，我经常被派去完成容易的任务，但我渴望让自己参与到困难的事情中。A. writing写作；B. communicating交流；C. socializing交际；D. reporting报道。根据上文“After graduation I managed to work at a news organization.”可知，此处表示作者刚接触到新闻报道。故选D项。
22. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于我刚刚接触到新闻报道领域，我经常被派去完成容易的任务，但我渴望让自己参与到困难的事情中。A. boring令人厌烦的；B. tiring令人困倦的；C. easy容易的；D. heavy重的。根据下文“but I was eager to ___3___ myself in tough things.”可知，此处表示作者经常被派去完成容易的任务。故选C项。
23. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于我刚刚接触到新闻报道领域，我经常被派去完成容易的任务，但我渴望让自己参与到困难的事情中。A. involve（使）参加；B. express表达；C. bury埋葬；D. enjoy享受。根据下文“myself in tough things”可知，作者渴望参与到困难的事情中。故选A项。
24. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只想给我的前辈留下一个积极的印象。A. subjective主观的；B. positive积极的；C. vivid生动的；D. general全体的。根据上文“but I was eager to ___3___ myself in tough things.”可推知，作者想要给自己的前辈留下积极的印象。故选B项。
25. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我说服了一位名叫乔伊的前辈，让我跟着他去见一位主要领导人。A. convinced说服；B. expected预期；C. dared敢于；D. reminded提醒。根据下文“Joy ___6___ me with recording the process on tape.”可知，作者说服了乔伊，让自己跟着他去见一位主要领导人。故选A项。
26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：乔伊派给我任务，把过程录制在磁带上。A. assisted协助；B. occupied占领；C. inspired激励；D. tasked派给某人（任务）。根据下文“with recording the process on tape.”可知，此处表示乔伊派给作者任务。故选D项。
27. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们回到办公室后，乔伊让我重新播放录音带进行编辑。A. make制造；B. replay重新播放；C. pause暂停；D. erase擦除。根据下文“the tapes for editing”以及常识可知，此处表示重新播放录音进行编辑。故选B项。
28. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我恐惧的是，它们都是空白！A. disappointment失望；B. annoyance烦恼；C. regret遗憾；D. horror恐惧。根据下文“they were all blank! Was this going to cost me my job?”可知，此处表示发现磁带是空白的，作者非常恐惧。故选D项。
29. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以想象他对我的粗心大意感到愤怒，并要求我离开。A. carelessness粗心大意；B. weakness弱点；C. silliness愚蠢；D. rudeness粗鲁。根据上文“Joy ___6___ me with recording the process on tape. After we got back to the office, Joy asked me to ___7___ the tapes for editing. To my ___8___ they were all blank!”以及语境可推知，由于作者的粗心大意，导致了磁带是空白的，作者想象乔伊对自己的粗心大意感到愤怒。故选A项。
30. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当乔伊向我要磁带时，我崩溃了，哭了，很抱歉，也很尴尬。A. got away逃离；B. gave in让步；C. broke down崩溃；D. held back抑制。根据下文“and cried, apologetic and embarrassed. ‘I think I saved them, but ...’ I said.”可知，此处表示作者崩溃了。故选C项。
31. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，作为记者有着丰富经验的乔伊，脸上有着奇异的平静。A. enthusiasm热情；B. experience经验；C. responsibility责任；D. creativity创造力。根据下文“as a journalist, had strange ___12___ on his face.”以及常识可推知，此处表示乔伊作为记者，经验丰富。故选B项。
32. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，作为记者有着丰富经验的乔伊，脸上有着奇异的平静。A. astonishment惊讶；B. hesitancy犹豫；C. calmness平静；D. appreciation欣赏。根据下文“‘You have to make ___13___ to learn how you can do the job better next time, right?’ he smiled.”可知，乔伊带着笑容跟作者交谈，所以此处表示他的脸上有着奇异的平静。故选C项。
33. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你必须犯错才能学会下次如何更好地完成工作，对吧？A. errors错误；B. statements陈述；C. decisions决定；D. commitments承诺。根据下文“to learn how you can do the job better next time”以及语境可知，此处表示犯错误才能学会下次更好地完成工作。故选A项。
34. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他教会我人生中最重要的一课：错误是不可避免的，我们从中吸取的教训决定了我们成功的道路。A. unavoidable不可避免的；B. unacceptable不可接受的；C. controllable可控的；D. predictable可预测的。根据上文“Mistakes are”以及语境可知，此处表示错误是不可避免的。故选A项。
35. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他教会我人生中最重要的一课：错误是不可避免的，我们从中吸取的教训决定了我们成功的道路。A. perfects使完美；B. reflects反映；C. changes改变；D. determines决定。根据下文“the course of our success”可知，从错误中吸取的教训决定成功的道路。故选D项。
36. achievements 37. combined 38. into 39. to preserve 40. harmonious 41. where 42. the 43. is reflected 44. or 45. themselves
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国在生物多样性保护和荒野保护方面取得的成就对全球生物多样性保护的未来具有重要意义。政府重新考虑其保护区体系，并将一些荒野地区，如海南的热带雨林，转变为正式的国家公园，新的国家公园系统将使保护栖息地和物种更加实际。
36. 考查名词。句意：因此，中国在生物多样性保护和荒野保护方面取得的成就对全球生物多样性保护的未来具有重要意义。设空处在句中作主语，根据谓语动词are，可知句子的主语应为复数的形式。故填achievements。
37. 考查非谓语动词。句意：至关重要的生物多样性，加上庞大的人口，促使政府重新考虑其保护区体系，并将一些荒野地区，如海南的热带雨林，转变为正式的国家公园。设空处在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语之间The vital biodiversity是逻辑的被动关系，设空处应用动词的过去分词的形式。故填combined。
38. 考查介词。句意见上题解析。固定搭配transform … into …把……转变成，故填into。
39. 考查非谓语动词。句意：新的国家公园系统将使保护栖息地和物种更加实际。设空处在句中作非谓语，表示目的应用动词不定式的形式。故填to preserve。
40. 考查形容词。句意：目的是保护生物多样性，确保人与自然之间的和谐关系。设空处后为名词， 设空处应用形容词的形式修饰名词。故填harmonious。
41. 考查定语从句。这些国家公园横跨中国广阔的生态系统，从生活着极度濒危物种海南长臂猿的南方海南热带雨林国家公园，到大熊猫国家公园、东北虎豹国家公园、武夷山国家公园，再到位于黄河、长江和澜沧江源头的青藏高原上的三江源国家公园。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park在句中做地点状语，所以用关系副词where。故填where。
42. 考查冠词。句意见上题解析。根据空后的“of the Yellow River（黄河之滨）”可知，此处表示特指，应用定冠词。故填the。
43. 考查谓语动词。句意：这些公园的名字反映了受保护的物种和栖息地的多样性。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语之间是被动关系，叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时，故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语为the diversity of species and habitats，结合主谓一致。故填is reflected。
44. 考查连词。句意：游客可以提前在网上预订或现场预订。设空处表示选择，意为“或”、“还是”。故填or。
45. 考查反身代词。句意：他们应该掌握一些当地的知识，为这次奇妙的旅行做好准备，最大限度地享受旅行的乐趣。当主语they和宾语是同一群人时，应用反身代词作get的宾语。故填themselves。
Boys and girls,
May I have your attention, please?
Festivals help to open doors to many interesting activities and various aspects of culture. To deepen our understanding of British festivals and culture, we are gathered here today to attend the lecture by Professor David Brown. He is an expert in British festivals and culture, who is currently hosting a series of lectures on cross-cultural communication at Zhejiang University.
Please be polite while listening. Turn off all electronic devices and don’t talk unless invited. Now, let’s welcome Professor David and start our cultural journey .
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生用英语写一份主持讲座的开场白。内容包括：
1. 活动目的；2. 介绍David教授；3. 听讲座要求。
1. 词汇积累
多种多样的：various→diverse
加深：deepen→improve
演讲：lecture→speech
专家：expert→authority
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To deepen our understanding of British festivals and culture, we are gathered here today to attend the lecture by Professor David Brown.
拓展句：We are gathered here today to attend the lecture by Professor David Brown, in order that we can deepen our understanding of British festivals and culture,
高分句型1：He is an expert in British festivals and culture, who is currently hosting a series of lectures on cross-cultural communication at Zhejiang University.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句）
高分句型2：Please be polite while listening.（运用了时间状语从句的省略，省略了we are）
Paragraph 1:
Finally came the time of the race and everyone was excited. With the referee saying “Get set, go”, all skiers raced down. Unsurprisingly, Sue fell over seconds later. Noticing the loose screw, she slid across the snow and off the piste. During this period, David and Mark skied past. Mark shouted to David, “We’re going to win.” Luckily, it was not a tough problem for Sue. She quickly tightened the screw, made an examination of the rest and skied again. Minutes later, she was ahead of most competitors. Now, the only one before her was Mark, whom she was determined to beat.
Paragraph 2:
Maybe feeling guilty or nervous, Mark made a mistake and fell down when Sue approached him. Seeing Mark struggled to stand up, Sue stopped and gave him a pull. Much astonished, Mark murmured, “Thank you.” Sue left with a wave of the hand. Two players passed just the moment. Sue sped up with all her strength. Soon she crossed the finish line first to thunderous applause. “Congratulations!” Mark came to Sue. “I should apologize for my words and behavior.” Knowing what had happened, Sue was a little angry, but anyway, it was in the past, “Never mind. I’ve also learned the lesson that examining my skis is necessary,” Sue joked. “And maybe we could ski together later.” “Totally agree!”
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Sue在滑雪时与Mark起了争执，Mark非常生气。Sue滑雪很棒，Mark与好友David嫉妒Sue。后来老师宣布进行滑雪比赛，三个人成了强大的竞争对手。比赛前Mark和David注意到Sue的滑雪板的螺丝松动了，他们认为他们一定会赢的比赛。
1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“比赛终于到了，每个人都很兴奋。”可知，第一段可描写在滑雪的过程中，Sue注意到螺丝松动了，停下来修理，然后努力追赶，最后只有Mark在她前面了，Sue努力追赶Mark。
②由第二段首句内容“也许是感到内疚或紧张，马克犯了一个错误，当苏接近他时摔倒了。”可知，第二段可描写Sue帮助了Mark，最后赢得了冠军，Mark对Sue说出了实情，Sue原谅了他们，最后他们成为了好朋友。
2. 续写线索：比赛开始——Sue停下修滑雪板——被超越，努力追赶——帮助Mark——赢得比赛——说出实情——原谅——成为朋友
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①摔倒：fall over/tumble/trip
②检查：make an examination/check/examine
③接近：approach/be close to/come near
情绪类
①惊奇：astonished/surprised/amazed
②生气：angry/take offence
高分句型1：Noticing the loose screw, she slid across the snow and off the piste.（现在分词作状语）
高分句型2：Now, the only one before her was Mark, whom she was determined to beat.（由关系代词whom引导非限制性定语从句）
2023届江苏省苏州八校联盟高三第二次适应性检测英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
第一部分 阅读理解
Master Gardener Volunteers Wanted
Why Become a Master Gardener?
The Master Gardener program is an all-volunteer organization where you can develop your own leadership and teaching skills while teaching the younger youth about healthy eating, agriculture, and so on! Master Gardeners involve people in activities to improve their general well-being and overall enjoyment of life by helping them find sound management practices for home and urban natural resources, by creating pleasing environments through people-plant interactions and horticultural therapy(园艺疗法), and by contributing to a safe, abundant food supply through home fruit and vegetable production.
What Qualifications Must You Meet?
Anyone can apply to be a Master Gardener — you don’t need to be an expert or have a degree. You do, however, need to:
●Have certain experience or know a little about gardening or landscape management.
●Be willing to share horticulture information with others.
●Be willing to attend a training program and can devote time to volunteering and continuing education.
Besides, to become a Master Gardener volunteer, each applicant needs to complete an application, prepare background screening paperwork and schedule an interview with Extension staff.
What Does the Training Involve?
Training sessions are offered one day a week over a three-month period and are led by expert educators in the region. Approximately 60 hours of classroom instruction and field study and 60 hours of volunteer internship(实习) work are required to complete the program and become certified. In order to remain a certified Master Gardener, 30 hours of volunteer work and 10 hours of continuing education or advanced training are required each year.
1. What does a Master Gardener do?
A. Help raise people’s quality of life by horticulture.
B. Teach the youth about diets and agriculture.
C. Promote horticultural practices at home.
D. Train volunteers to help with gardening.
2. What is required if you want to apply to be a Master Gardener?
A. Acquiring excellent teaching skills.
B. Having some relevant knowledge.
C. Completing given training sessions.
D. Obtaining rich volunteer experience.
3. How long will it take to become a qualified Master Gardener?
A. A year. B. Three months.
C. About 160 hours. D. About 120 hours.
At 1:43 a.m. October 5, 2022, Stanford chemist Carolyn R. Bertozzi was awakened by a phone call from a Nobel committee representative who told her, “You have 50 minutes to collect yourself and wait until your life changes.” Instructed not to share the announcement outside of her tightest inner circle, the first person Bertozzi called was her father, a retired physics professor from MIT. “He’s 91 and, of course, he was just overjoyed,” said Bertozzi.
Carolyn Bertozzi, born October 10, 1966, Boston, was awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry for her development of bioorthogonal reactions, which allow scientists to explore cells and track biological processes without disturbing the normal chemistry of the cell. She shares the $10 million Swedish kronor(about $1 million USD) prize equally with Morten Meldal, professor at University of Copenhagen and K. Barry Sharpless, professor at Scripps Research “for the development of click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry.”
Carolyn received a bachelor’s degree in chemistry from Harvard University in 1988 and a doctorate in the same subject from the University of California, Berkeley in 1993. She was a postdoctoral fellow at the University of California, San Francisco, from 1993 to 1995. She became an assistant professor at Berkeley in 1996 and a full professor of chemistry and molecular and cell biology in 2002. She also held an appointment as a professor of molecular and cellular pharmacology from 2000 to 2002 at the University of California, San Francisco. In 2015 she became a professor of chemistry at Stanford University.
“I could not be more delighted that Carolyn Bertozzi has won the Nobel Prize in chemistry,” said Stanford President Marc Tessier-Lavigne. “In pioneering the field of bioorthogonal chemistry, Carolyn invented a new way of studying biomolecular processes, one that has helped scientists around the world gain a deeper understanding of chemical reactions in living systems. Her work has had remarkable real-world impact, providing new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to treat disease. Carolyn is so deserving of this honor, and all of us at Stanford are too proud to call her one of our own.”
Carolyn’s bioorthogonal reactions have been used to study how cells build proteins and other molecules, to develop new cancer medicines, and to produce new materials for energy storage, among many other applications.
4. Why does the author mention the phone call Carolyn received in Paragraph 1?
A. To introduce the background information of Carolyn.
B. To reveal a conversation between two scientists.
C. To arouse the readers’ interest in the passage.
D. To show the urgency about the information.
5. What can we learn about Carolyn from paragraphs 2 and 3?
A. Her education and success. B. Her delight and pride.
C. Her kindness and devotion. D. Her dream and ambition.
6. What can we infer from Marc Tessier-Lavigne’s words?
A. He wants to cooperate with Carolyn.
B. Carolyn has found a new cure for cancer.
C. He benefits greatly from Carolyn’s findings.
D. Carolyn’s findings are of great significance.
7. What is the text?
A. A profile. B. A news report.
C. A journal. D. A book review.
Nowadays, bamboo growth cycles and the dietary needs of lemurs(狐猴) are out of sync. Findings show rainfalls are changing annually. Over the past two years, there has been a three-month delay in the rainy season and new tender shoots that lemurs consume for nutrition are appearing in January and February — 14 days after the first rainfall, says Patricia Chapple Wright, a primatologist, anthropologist, and conservationist at Stony Brook University. “Lemurs eat a food source that is very adaptive,” Patricia Wright told PBS NewsHour. “It’s able to stand climate change, but the lemurs, unfortunately, can’t adapt quickly to this changed cycle.”
Since baby lemurs are born in November, the delayed rainy season is dangerously affecting the survival of them for lack of nutrition available for both the mothers and offspring. “This is why, for extreme feeding specialists like the greater bamboo lemur, climate change can be an unknowing killer,” Wright says. “Making the lemurs rely on bamboo stems(茎) for just a bit longer may be enough to tip the balance from existence to extinction.” The lemurs’ highly specialized teeth are also similar to the pandas’ teeth. Both are the mammals able to chew up stems. But this diet can’t last for more than a season or two because the stems can wear away their teeth.
The researchers believe that climate change is affecting the lemurs. The fossil record shows that the lemurs once lived throughout the island. Today, the mammals are cornered on the eastern side, where the dry season at present is the shortest. And if people continue the deforestation practice in the area, the lemurs will have nowhere to go.
The situation is serious, so Wright and her colleagues plan to create bamboo corridors within the rainforests, which will provide available bamboo to eat. They want to work with local villagers to plant more bamboo and manage automatic watering systems when dry seasons last long. They also want to build the local economy by allowing people to harvest a part of bamboo while the rest remains with the lemurs, so people will be interested. Wright’s conservation plans include moving lemurs back to other places on the island as well.
8. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?
A. Go with each other. B. Occur at different times.
C. Lead to a heated discussion. D. Call for effective protection.
9. Why will lemurs get hungry if the dry season continues?
A. They may run out of bamboo.
B. They can’t adapt to the hot season.
C. They dislike the less delicious stems.
D. They can’t chew the stems for a long period.
10. What mainly caused the living area of lemurs to narrow?
A. The climate change. B. Their teeth protection.
C. The decreasing forest. D. Their special dietary habits.
11. Which of the following may Wright approve of to protect lemurs?
A. Shortening the dry season.
B. Forbidding the cutting of bamboo.
C. Strengthening people’s motivation.
D. Finding other islands for lemurs to live on.
The burning of coal may be falling out of favor as a means of generating heat and electricity, but that doesn’t mean it no longer has valuable uses. The team of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST) is using coal for a new economy.
The project is led by Associate Professor Andrea Fratalocchi. While reading about challenges of ending the use of coal in power generation, Fratalocchi was struck by a novel possible use for coal. “Why don’t we use coal for seawater desalination(脱盐)?” Fratalocchi recalls, still excited. Capable of taking in sunlight, the black mineral adds to the list of substances in dark colors serving the purpose, which the team is on a long-standing hunt for.
Fralalocchi and his team began to explore the use of a material known as carbonized compressed powder(压缩粉末), also CCP, which is created by breaking coal into powder, and then pressing that powder back into a solid that has more tiny holes — it can also be made into a desired shape. The team mixed CCP with natural cotton fibers, producing a block which was then placed within a seawater-containing container, with its bottom touching water surface. While sunlight heated the black surface of the block, the inside fibers helped water flow in and through the block from the bottom. When that liquid water reached the hot surface, it turned into steam which rose and condensed(冷凝) on the inside of a specially shaped cover. That condensation then flew down the cover and was collected as fresh, drinkable water. The seawater’s salt content remained behind within the CCP. A simple wash was enough to remove most of it, so the material could be reused multiple times.
KAUST has partnered with the Dutch start-up PERA Complexity to promote the technology. The material will see its first use in a pilot plant in Brazil. “CCP is abundant in nature and reasonable to use, besides being lightweight and highly changeable,” says team member Marcella Bonifazi. “The device’s desalination rate per unit of raw material is two to three times higher than that of any other solar desalination system, but it produces fresh water at around one-third the expense of current state-of-the-art technologies.”
12. What has Fratalocchi’s team been seeking for?
A. Fibers functioning well with CCP.
B. Green ways to desalinate seawater.
C. New industrial applications of coal.
D. Dark-colored materials for desalination.
13. How did the seawater get into the CCP block?
A. Through the tiny holes. B. Through CCP.
C. Through cotton fibers. D. Through a special cover.
14. Which feature of CCP does Marcella Bonifazi stress?
A. Being eco-friendly. B. Being low-cost.
C. Being efficient. D. Being flexible.
15. What does the text mainly talk about?
A. Drinkable water will be got from the sea.
B. CCP is expected to be in real-life use soon.
C. Coal finds new use in desalination technology.
D. Scientists have made a breakthrough in desalination.
二、七选五
Searching for a new cat to add to your family? If your home already has a cat, you may wonder how your cat will welcome a new partner. ____16____ Continue reading for tips on how to do that.
Your existing cat’s needs come first. ____17____ Does your cat prefer female cats over male cats? If he/she enjoys the company of female cats, adopting a female cat can help. If you adopt a young kitten as a companion for your older cat, it can work well as kittens get along with a cat of any age.
Shower your existing cat with extra attention. Cats can be territorial when it comes to their space; the same can be true for their owners as well. ____18____ Giving your cat more hugs and care during the introduction of a new cat can help ease his/her bad feeling. This also helps your cat accept and trust the new one more quickly.
____19____ When you bring your new cat home, it’s best to keep the cats in different rooms. This way they won’t try to defend their territory. Each should have their own space with bowls and cat furniture so he/she don’t feel the need to compete. And do spend time with the new cat as he/she can also be stressed in a new environment.
Introduce the new cat slowly. Your cats will have the chance to get used to each other’s smell through the door. When they seem interested in meeting, you can bring one into the other’s territory. _______20_______ If you notice either of the cats getting uncomfortable, separate them.
A. Separate the cats initially.
B. Make sure your cat feels at home.
C. Do this at least a few days after the new cat arrives.
D. Think about your existing cat’s personality and habits.
E. Your cat can get envious of a newcomer easily if feeling ignored.
F. Give both cats a special treat when they first meet to encourage peace.
G. There is a process to make the change less stressful for both you and the cats.
三、完形填空
After graduation I managed to work at a news organization. As I was new to the world of ___21___, I was often sent to finish ___22___ assignments, but I was eager to ___23___ myself in tough things. All I wanted was to make a ___24___ impression on my seniors.
I ___25___ a senior colleague named Joy to let me follow him to his meeting with a major leader. Joy ______26______ me with recording the process on tape. After we got back to the office, Joy asked me to ___27___ the tapes for editing. To my ___28___ they were all blank! Was this going to cost me my job? Tears welled up in my eyes. I could imagine him angry at my ___29___ and asking me to leave.
When Joy asked me for the tapes, I ___30___ and cried, apologetic and embarrassed. “I think I saved them, but ...” I said. However, Joy, with a lot of ___31___ as a journalist, had strange ___32___ on his face. “You have to make ___33___ to learn how you can do the job better next time, right?” he smiled.
I was shocked and grateful. He taught me the most important lesson in my life: Mistakes are ___34___ and what we learn from them is what ___35___ the course of our success.
21. A. writing B. communicating C. socializing D. reporting
22. A. boring B. tiring C. easy D. heavy
23. A. involve B. express C. bury D. enjoy
24. A. subjective B. positive C. vivid D. general
25. A. convinced B. expected C. dared D. reminded
26. A. assisted B. occupied C. inspired D. tasked
27. A. make B. replay C. pause D. erase
28. A. disappointment B. annoyance C. regret D. horror
29. A. carelessness B. weakness C. silliness D. rudeness
30. A. got away B. gave in C. broke down D. held back
31. A. enthusiasm B. experience C. responsibility D. creativity
32. A. astonishment B. hesitancy C. calmness D. appreciation
33. A. errors B. statements C. decisions D. commitments
34. A. unavoidable B. unacceptable C. controllable D. predictable
35. A. perfects B. reflects C. changes D. determines
语法填空
With about half of the vast country covered in wilderness, China is the world’s third most species-rich country. Therefore, China’s ___36___ (achieve) in biodiversity conservation and wilderness protection are important to the future of global biodiversity conservation.
The vital biodiversity, ___37___ (combine) with a large population, has led the government to reconsider its protected area system and transform some wilderness areas such as the rainforest in Hainan ___38___ formal national parks. The new national park system will make it more practical ___39___ (preserve) habitats and species. The aim is to preserve biodiversity and ensure a ___40___ (harmony) relation between humans and nature.
The national parks cross China’s vast ecosystems, from the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park in the south ___41___ the Hainan gibbon — a critically endangered species live, the Giant Panda National Park, the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park, the Wuyi Mountain National Park to the Sanjiangyuan National Park on the Qinghai-Tibet Platau — ___42___ source of the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and the Lancang River. The diversity of species and habitats under protection ___43___ (reflect) in these parks’ names.
The national parks are open to all. Visitors can make reservations online in advance ___44___ book on the spot. They should acquire a little local knowledge to get ___45___ (they) ready for the amazing trip and maximize their enjoyment.
书面表达
假定你是李华，你校英语俱乐部拟邀请David Brown教授来做一个关于英国节日文化的讲座。请用英语写一份主持该讲座的开场白，内容包括：
1. 活动目的；2. 介绍David教授；3. 听讲座要求。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Boys and girls,
May I have your attention, please?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二部分、读后续写
On a winter Sunday good for skiing, Sue arrived at their holiday chalet(棚屋) with joy. Sue’s skis were sticking out behind her. Mark, another skier, tripped over Sue’s skis. Before Sue could apologize, Mike shouted, “Your skis are in the way. You’ve got big smelly feet!” In view of his attitude, Sue ignored him. Mark lost face and was more angry.
The ski lift took all the skiers to the top of the mountain. The hard snow of the piste(滑雪道) was below them. Then Sue skied down the mountain. As a good skier, she didn’t fall over. Mark, along with his good friend David, was watching her with envy and anger. They were also good skiers but they didn’t know Sue very well. “She’s good,” David said. “But we’re better,” Mark responded with dissatisfaction.
The young people skied all day. They enjoyed themselves and forgot everything. On Wednesday morning, the young people were waiting for the ski lift when their teacher announced a ski race. The race would be arranged for the last day of the holiday on a long and difficult ten-kilometer piste. Everybody wanted to win! They went up the mountain, put on their skis and skied down the piste, practicing for the race. Sue skied fast, so did Mark and David. Obviously, these three became powerful opponents.
It was Saturday and the race was going to be held in the afternoon. Sue was hungry and left her skis at the side of a café. She sat down and ordered lunch. Later, David and Mark came in. They also headed to the side to put their skis there. Mark noticed Sue’s skis and aimed a kick angrily at them. Then he found a screw(螺丝) on Sue’s ski was loose, unsure whether it was caused by the force or it was like that originally. “Sue’s skis won’t work. We’re sure to win,” Mark said and pointed. They smiled knowingly at each other.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Finally came the time of the race and everyone was excited.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Maybe feeling guilty or nervous, Mark made a mistake and fell down when Sue approached him.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
################################
1. A 2. B 3. D
本文是一篇应用文，是一篇园艺大师志愿者的招聘广告。
1. 细节理解题。由第一段“Master Gardeners involve people in activities to improve their general well-being and overall enjoyment of life by helping them find sound management practices for home and urban natural resources, by creating pleasing environments through people-plant interactions and horticultural therapy(园艺疗法), and by contributing to a safe, abundant food supply through home fruit and vegetable production.（园艺大师通过帮助人们找到家庭和城市自然资源的合理管理方法，通过人与植物的互动和园艺治疗创造令人愉悦的环境，通过家庭水果和蔬菜生产促进安全、丰富的食物供应，使人们参与活动，以改善他们的总体福祉和全面的生活享受。）”可知，园艺大师通过园艺疗法帮助提高人们的生活质量，故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据What Qualifications Must You Meet?部分的“Have certain experience or know a little about gardening or landscape management.（对园艺或景观管理有一定经验或略知一二。）”可知，如果你想申请成为园艺大师，需要有一定的相关知识。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Approximately 60 hours of classroom instruction and field study and 60 hours of volunteer internship(实习) work are required to complete the program and become certified.（大约需要60小时的课堂教学和实地研究以及60小时的志愿者实习工作才能完成该项目并获得认证。）”可知，成为一名合格的园艺师需要的时间是60h+60h=120h，故选D。
4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B
这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了斯坦福大学化学家Carolyn R. Bertozzi在化学方面的成就以及其受教育情况。
4. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“At 1:43 a.m. October 5, 2022, Stanford chemist Carolyn R. Bertozzi was awakened by a phone call from a Nobel committee representative who told her, ‘You have 50 minutes to collect yourself and wait until your life changes.’ Instructed not to share the announcement outside of her tightest inner circle, the first person Bertozzi called was her father, a retired physics professor from MIT.（凌晨1点43分。2022年10月5日，斯坦福大学化学家Carolyn R. Bertozzi被诺贝尔委员会代表的电话吵醒，电话告诉她：“你有50分钟的时间整理自己，等待你的生活发生改变。”贝尔托兹被告知不要向她最亲密的小圈子以外的人透露这一消息，于是打电话给的第一个人是她的父亲，一位麻省理工学院的退休物理学教授。）”可知电话时间、内容与来电者都可以激发读者兴趣。故选C项。
5. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Carolyn Bertozzi, born October 10, 1966, Boston, was awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry for her development of bioorthogonal reactions, which allow scientists to explore cells and track biological processes without disturbing the normal chemistry of the cell.（Carolyn Bertozz，1966年10月10日出生于波士顿，因其生物正交反应的发展而被授予诺贝尔化学奖。生物正交反应使科学家能够在不干扰细胞正常化学反应的情况下探索细胞并跟踪生物过程。）”以及文章第三段“Carolyn received a bachelor’s degree in chemistry from Harvard University in 1988 and a doctorate in the same subject from the University of California, Berkeley in 1993. She was a postdoctoral fellow at the University of California, San Francisco, from 1993 to 1995. She became an assistant professor at Berkeley in 1996 and a full professor of chemistry and molecular and cell biology in 2002. She also held an appointment as a professor of molecular and cellular pharmacology from 2000 to 2002 at the University of California, San Francisco. In 2015 she became a professor of chemistry at Stanford University.（Carolyn1988年获得哈佛大学化学学士学位，1993年获得加州大学伯克利分校化学博士学位。1993年至1995年，她在加州大学旧金山分校做博士后。1996年，她成为伯克利大学的助理教授，2002年成为化学、分子和细胞生物学的正教授。2000年至2002年，她还在加州大学旧金山分校担任分子和细胞药理学教授。2015年，她成为斯坦福大学的化学教授。）”可知文章第二段主要介绍了Carolyn在化学方面的贡献，第三段主要介绍了她的教育与学历的情况，所以从文章的二三段中我们可以了解到Carolyn的有关教育和成功的情况。故选A项。
6. 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“‘In pioneering the field of bioorthogonal chemistry, Carolyn invented a new way of studying biomolecular processes, one that has helped scientists around the world gain a deeper understanding of chemical reactions in living systems. Her work has had remarkable real-world impact, providing new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to treat disease. Carolyn is so deserving of this honor, and all of us at Stanford are too proud to call her one of our own.’（‘在开创生物正交化学领域时，Carolyn发明了一种研究生物分子过程的新方法，这种方法帮助世界各地的科学家对生命系统中的化学反应有了更深入的了解。她的工作产生了显著的现实影响，为治疗疾病提供了新的诊断和治疗方法。Carolyn是当之无愧的，我们斯坦福的所有人都为她感到骄傲，以至于称她为自己人。’）”可知Carolyn的发现帮助世界各地的科学家对生命系统中的化学反应有了更深入的了解，为治疗疾病提供了新的诊断和治疗方法，所以从Marc Tessier-Lavigne的话中我们可以推出Carolyn的发现意义重大。故选D项。
7. 推理判断题。文章第一段“At 1:43 a.m. October 5, 2022, Stanford chemist Carolyn R. Bertozzi was awakened by a phone call from a Nobel committee representative who told her, ‘You have 50 minutes to collect yourself and wait until your life changes.’ Instructed not to share the announcement outside of her tightest inner circle, the first person Bertozzi called was her father, a retired physics professor from MIT.（凌晨1点43分。2022年10月5日，斯坦福大学化学家Carolyn R. Bertozzi被诺贝尔委员会代表的电话吵醒，电话告诉她：‘你有50分钟的时间整理自己，等待你的生活发生改变。’贝尔托兹被告知不要向她最亲密的小圈子以外的人透露这一消息，于是打电话给的第一个人是她的父亲，一位麻省理工学院的退休物理学教授。）”总的概括全文内容，文章二、三段主要介绍的是Carolyn的化学成就以及其受教育的情况，文章最后两段主要介绍Carolyn发现的重大意义以及具体应用，由此可见，文章主要介绍了Carolyn获得诺贝尔化学奖这一事件的始末及其后续影响，因此为新闻报道。故选B项。
8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是因为雨季的推迟导致了竹子的生长周期和狐猴的饮食需求不同步，所研究人员主张通过与当地人的合作进而增强人们积极性的方式来给狐猴提供可供食用的竹子，从而更好地保护狐猴。
8. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Over the past two years, there has been a three-month delay in the rainy season and new tender shoots that lemurs consume for nutrition are appearing in January and February — 14 days after the first rainfall, says Patricia Chapple Wright, a primatologist, anthropologist, and conservationist at Stony Brook University. ‘Lemurs eat a food source that is very adaptive,’ Patricia Wright told PBS NewsHour. ‘It’s able to stand climate change, but the lemurs, unfortunately, can’t adapt quickly to this changed cycle.’（Stony Brook University的灵长类动物学家、人类学家和自然资源保护主义者Patricia Chapple Wright说，在过去的两年里，雨季推迟了三个月，狐猴用来补充营养的嫩芽出现在1月和2月，也就是第一场降雨后的14天。Patricia Chapple Wright在接受PBS新闻一小时节目采访时表示：‘狐猴的食物来源非常适应。’‘它能够忍受气候变化，但不幸的是，狐猴不能迅速适应这种变化的周期。’）”可以推断在过去的两年里，雨季推迟了三个月，所以狐猴用来补充营养的嫩芽出现的时间就比以往晚了，这就导致嫩芽的出现和狐猴需要食物的时间对不上了，所划线部分的意思是竹子的生长周期和狐猴的饮食需求是不同步的。故选B项。
9. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The lemurs’ highly specialized teeth are also similar to the pandas’ teeth. Both are the mammals able to chew up stems. But this diet can’t last for more than a season or two because the stems can wear away their teeth.（狐猴高度特殊化的牙齿也与熊猫的牙齿相似。这两种哺乳动物都能咀嚼树干。但这种饮食方式不能持续超过一两个季节，因为茎会磨损它们的牙齿。）”可知因为狐猴的牙齿无法长时间咀嚼茎秆，而干旱持久意味着这种供应时间会变长，所以如果旱季持续的话狐猴会因为牙齿无法长时间咀嚼茎秆而挨饿。故选D项。
10. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The researchers believe that climate change is affecting the lemurs. The fossil record shows that the lemurs once lived throughout the island. Today, the mammals are cornered on the eastern side, where the dry season at present is the shortest. And if people continue the deforestation practice in the area, the lemurs will have nowhere to go.（研究人员认为气候变化正在影响狐猴。化石记录显示狐猴曾经生活在整个岛屿。如今，这些哺乳动物被逼到了东部，那里目前的旱季最短。如果人们继续在该地区砍伐森林，狐猴将无处可去。）”可知因为气候变化所以狐猴被迫到了岛屿的东部地区，所以影响狐猴生长区域变窄的主要原因是气候的变化。故选A项。
11. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“They want to work with local villagers to plant more bamboo and manage automatic watering systems when dry seasons last long. They also want to build the local economy by allowing people to harvest a part of bamboo while the rest remains with the lemurs, so people will be interested.（他们想和当地村民一起种植更多的竹子，并在旱季持续很久时管理自动浇水系统。他们还想通过允许人们收割一部分竹子，而剩下的留给狐猴，来发展当地的经济，这样人们就会感兴趣。）”可以推断Wright希望通过与当地人的合作即允许当地人种植竹林，提供自动供水系统，发展经济让竹子变成经济作物以调动当地人积极性等来给狐猴提供可供食用的竹子，所以Wright赞成通过增强人们的积极性来保护狐猴。故选C项。
12. D 13. C 14. B 15. C
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是阿卜杜拉国王科技大学（KAUST）的团队正在探索将煤用来淡化海水这一新用途。
12. 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Capable of taking in sunlight, the black mineral adds to the list of substances in dark colors serving the purpose, which the team is on a long-standing hunt for.（这种黑色矿物具有吸收阳光的能力，是该团队长期以来一直在寻找的具有吸收阳光功能的深色物质的又一项）”可知，团队一直在寻找一种深黑色并且能脱盐的材料。故选D。
13. 细节理解题。根据第三段的“The team mixed CCP with natural cotton fibers, producing a block which was then placed within a seawater-containing container, with its bottom touching water surface. While sunlight heated the black surface of the block, the inside fibers helped water flow in and through the block from the bottom.（该团队将CCP与天然棉纤维混合，制成一块块，然后放置在一个含有海水的容器中，其底部接触水面。当阳光加热块的黑色表面时，内部纤维帮助水从底部流入并穿过块状物）”可知，海水需要经过一个特别的纤维材料过滤，进入容器。故选C。
14. 推理判断题。根据第四段的“‘CCP is abundant in nature and reasonable to use, besides being lightweight and highly changeable,’ says team member Marcella Bonifazi. ‘The device’s desalination rate per unit of raw material is two to three times higher than that of any other solar desalination system, but it produces fresh water at around one-third the expense of current state-of-the-art technologies.’（‘CCP的性质丰富，使用合理，除了轻量级和高度多变，’团队成员Marcella Bonifazi说。‘该装置每单位原料的脱盐率比任何其他太阳能脱盐系统高两到三倍，但它生产淡水的成本约为目前最先进技术的三分之一。’）”可知，材料在自然可以轻易获取，但是成本是现有方法的三分之一，可见强调的是低成本。故选B。
15. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“The team of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST) is using coal for a new economy.（阿卜杜拉国王科技大学（KAUST）的团队正在将煤炭用于一种新经济）”和第二段的“Why don’t we use coal for seawater desalination(脱盐)?（我们为什么不用煤来淡化海水呢？）”可知，本文主要讲的是阿卜杜拉国王科技大学（KAUST）的团队正在探索将煤用来淡化海水这一新用途，也就是“煤在海水淡化技术中找到了新用途”，即Coal finds new use in desalination technology。故选C。
16. G 17. D 18. E 19. A 20. C
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在有猫咪的家庭引进新的“家庭成员”时需要思考的内容和措施。
16. 根据下文“Continue reading for tips on how to do that.（继续阅读有关如何做到这一点的建议）”推知，空处在介绍建议。G项“有一个过程可以让你和猫都减少压力”引出下文，符合题意。故选G。
17. 上文“Your existing cat’s needs come first.（你现有的猫的需求是第一位的）”以及下文“Does your cat prefer female cats over male cats? If he/she enjoys the company of female cats, adopting a female cat can help.（你的猫更喜欢母猫而不是公猫吗？如果他/她喜欢母猫的陪伴，收养一只母猫会有帮助）”说明要将你现有的猫的需求放在第一位，考虑现有的猫的喜好，D项“想想你现有的猫的性格和习惯”承上启下，符合题意。故选D。
18. 上文“Cats can be territorial when it comes to their space; the same can be true for their owners as well.（猫在空间上可能是有领土的；对它们的主人来说也是如此）”说明猫有领土意识，并且对主人有占有意识，以及下文“Giving your cat more hugs and care during the introduction of a new cat can help ease his/her bad feeling.（在引进新猫的过程中，给你的猫更多的拥抱和照顾可以帮助缓解他/她的不良情绪）”说明猫会对新来的猫产生不良情绪，E项中envious是关键词，E项“如果你的猫觉得自己被忽视了，它很容易嫉妒新来的猫”说明猫对新来的猫会感到嫉妒，需要主人更多的拥抱和照顾，承上启下，符合题意。故选E。
19. 下文“When you bring your new cat home, it’s best to keep the cats in different rooms.（当你把你的新猫带回家时，最好把猫放在不同的房间里）”说明新的猫到家后，最好要将其与原来的猫分开在不同房间，A项“起初要将猫分开”引出下文，符合题意。故选A。
20. 上文“Introduce the new cat slowly. Your cats will have the chance to get used to each other’s smell through the door. When they seem interested in meeting, you can bring one into the other’s territory.（慢慢地介绍这只新猫。你的猫将有机会习惯彼此通过门发出的气味。当他们似乎有兴趣见面时，你可以把一个带到另一个的领地）”说明要慢慢地把新来的猫介绍给家里原有的猫，C项“在新猫到来后至少几天内这样做”说明要慢慢介绍猫给彼此，符合题意。故选C。
21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. A 35. D
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者刚进入新闻行业工作时主动请缨跟随前辈开会，结果因为失误导致会议没有记录，最后在前辈的包容下懂得犯错意义的故事。
21. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于我刚刚接触到新闻报道领域，我经常被派去完成容易的任务，但我渴望让自己参与到困难的事情中。A. writing写作；B. communicating交流；C. socializing交际；D. reporting报道。根据上文“After graduation I managed to work at a news organization.”可知，此处表示作者刚接触到新闻报道。故选D项。
22. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于我刚刚接触到新闻报道领域，我经常被派去完成容易的任务，但我渴望让自己参与到困难的事情中。A. boring令人厌烦的；B. tiring令人困倦的；C. easy容易的；D. heavy重的。根据下文“but I was eager to ___3___ myself in tough things.”可知，此处表示作者经常被派去完成容易的任务。故选C项。
23. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于我刚刚接触到新闻报道领域，我经常被派去完成容易的任务，但我渴望让自己参与到困难的事情中。A. involve（使）参加；B. express表达；C. bury埋葬；D. enjoy享受。根据下文“myself in tough things”可知，作者渴望参与到困难的事情中。故选A项。
24. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只想给我的前辈留下一个积极的印象。A. subjective主观的；B. positive积极的；C. vivid生动的；D. general全体的。根据上文“but I was eager to ___3___ myself in tough things.”可推知，作者想要给自己的前辈留下积极的印象。故选B项。
25. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我说服了一位名叫乔伊的前辈，让我跟着他去见一位主要领导人。A. convinced说服；B. expected预期；C. dared敢于；D. reminded提醒。根据下文“Joy ___6___ me with recording the process on tape.”可知，作者说服了乔伊，让自己跟着他去见一位主要领导人。故选A项。
26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：乔伊派给我任务，把过程录制在磁带上。A. assisted协助；B. occupied占领；C. inspired激励；D. tasked派给某人（任务）。根据下文“with recording the process on tape.”可知，此处表示乔伊派给作者任务。故选D项。
27. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们回到办公室后，乔伊让我重新播放录音带进行编辑。A. make制造；B. replay重新播放；C. pause暂停；D. erase擦除。根据下文“the tapes for editing”以及常识可知，此处表示重新播放录音进行编辑。故选B项。
28. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我恐惧的是，它们都是空白！A. disappointment失望；B. annoyance烦恼；C. regret遗憾；D. horror恐惧。根据下文“they were all blank! Was this going to cost me my job?”可知，此处表示发现磁带是空白的，作者非常恐惧。故选D项。
29. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以想象他对我的粗心大意感到愤怒，并要求我离开。A. carelessness粗心大意；B. weakness弱点；C. silliness愚蠢；D. rudeness粗鲁。根据上文“Joy ___6___ me with recording the process on tape. After we got back to the office, Joy asked me to ___7___ the tapes for editing. To my ___8___ they were all blank!”以及语境可推知，由于作者的粗心大意，导致了磁带是空白的，作者想象乔伊对自己的粗心大意感到愤怒。故选A项。
30. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当乔伊向我要磁带时，我崩溃了，哭了，很抱歉，也很尴尬。A. got away逃离；B. gave in让步；C. broke down崩溃；D. held back抑制。根据下文“and cried, apologetic and embarrassed. ‘I think I saved them, but ...’ I said.”可知，此处表示作者崩溃了。故选C项。
31. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，作为记者有着丰富经验的乔伊，脸上有着奇异的平静。A. enthusiasm热情；B. experience经验；C. responsibility责任；D. creativity创造力。根据下文“as a journalist, had strange ___12___ on his face.”以及常识可推知，此处表示乔伊作为记者，经验丰富。故选B项。
32. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，作为记者有着丰富经验的乔伊，脸上有着奇异的平静。A. astonishment惊讶；B. hesitancy犹豫；C. calmness平静；D. appreciation欣赏。根据下文“‘You have to make ___13___ to learn how you can do the job better next time, right?’ he smiled.”可知，乔伊带着笑容跟作者交谈，所以此处表示他的脸上有着奇异的平静。故选C项。
33. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你必须犯错才能学会下次如何更好地完成工作，对吧？A. errors错误；B. statements陈述；C. decisions决定；D. commitments承诺。根据下文“to learn how you can do the job better next time”以及语境可知，此处表示犯错误才能学会下次更好地完成工作。故选A项。
34. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他教会我人生中最重要的一课：错误是不可避免的，我们从中吸取的教训决定了我们成功的道路。A. unavoidable不可避免的；B. unacceptable不可接受的；C. controllable可控的；D. predictable可预测的。根据上文“Mistakes are”以及语境可知，此处表示错误是不可避免的。故选A项。
35. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他教会我人生中最重要的一课：错误是不可避免的，我们从中吸取的教训决定了我们成功的道路。A. perfects使完美；B. reflects反映；C. changes改变；D. determines决定。根据下文“the course of our success”可知，从错误中吸取的教训决定成功的道路。故选D项。
36. achievements 37. combined 38. into 39. to preserve 40. harmonious 41. where 42. the 43. is reflected 44. or 45. themselves
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国在生物多样性保护和荒野保护方面取得的成就对全球生物多样性保护的未来具有重要意义。政府重新考虑其保护区体系，并将一些荒野地区，如海南的热带雨林，转变为正式的国家公园，新的国家公园系统将使保护栖息地和物种更加实际。
36. 考查名词。句意：因此，中国在生物多样性保护和荒野保护方面取得的成就对全球生物多样性保护的未来具有重要意义。设空处在句中作主语，根据谓语动词are，可知句子的主语应为复数的形式。故填achievements。
37. 考查非谓语动词。句意：至关重要的生物多样性，加上庞大的人口，促使政府重新考虑其保护区体系，并将一些荒野地区，如海南的热带雨林，转变为正式的国家公园。设空处在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语之间The vital biodiversity是逻辑的被动关系，设空处应用动词的过去分词的形式。故填combined。
38. 考查介词。句意见上题解析。固定搭配transform … into …把……转变成，故填into。
39. 考查非谓语动词。句意：新的国家公园系统将使保护栖息地和物种更加实际。设空处在句中作非谓语，表示目的应用动词不定式的形式。故填to preserve。
40. 考查形容词。句意：目的是保护生物多样性，确保人与自然之间的和谐关系。设空处后为名词， 设空处应用形容词的形式修饰名词。故填harmonious。
41. 考查定语从句。这些国家公园横跨中国广阔的生态系统，从生活着极度濒危物种海南长臂猿的南方海南热带雨林国家公园，到大熊猫国家公园、东北虎豹国家公园、武夷山国家公园，再到位于黄河、长江和澜沧江源头的青藏高原上的三江源国家公园。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park在句中做地点状语，所以用关系副词where。故填where。
42. 考查冠词。句意见上题解析。根据空后的“of the Yellow River（黄河之滨）”可知，此处表示特指，应用定冠词。故填the。
43. 考查谓语动词。句意：这些公园的名字反映了受保护的物种和栖息地的多样性。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语之间是被动关系，叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时，故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语为the diversity of species and habitats，结合主谓一致。故填is reflected。
44. 考查连词。句意：游客可以提前在网上预订或现场预订。设空处表示选择，意为“或”、“还是”。故填or。
45. 考查反身代词。句意：他们应该掌握一些当地的知识，为这次奇妙的旅行做好准备，最大限度地享受旅行的乐趣。当主语they和宾语是同一群人时，应用反身代词作get的宾语。故填themselves。
Boys and girls,
May I have your attention, please?
Festivals help to open doors to many interesting activities and various aspects of culture. To deepen our understanding of British festivals and culture, we are gathered here today to attend the lecture by Professor David Brown. He is an expert in British festivals and culture, who is currently hosting a series of lectures on cross-cultural communication at Zhejiang University.
Please be polite while listening. Turn off all electronic devices and don’t talk unless invited. Now, let’s welcome Professor David and start our cultural journey .
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生用英语写一份主持讲座的开场白。内容包括：
1. 活动目的；2. 介绍David教授；3. 听讲座要求。
1. 词汇积累
多种多样的：various→diverse
加深：deepen→improve
演讲：lecture→speech
专家：expert→authority
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To deepen our understanding of British festivals and culture, we are gathered here today to attend the lecture by Professor David Brown.
拓展句：We are gathered here today to attend the lecture by Professor David Brown, in order that we can deepen our understanding of British festivals and culture,
高分句型1：He is an expert in British festivals and culture, who is currently hosting a series of lectures on cross-cultural communication at Zhejiang University.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句）
高分句型2：Please be polite while listening.（运用了时间状语从句的省略，省略了we are）
Paragraph 1:
Finally came the time of the race and everyone was excited. With the referee saying “Get set, go”, all skiers raced down. Unsurprisingly, Sue fell over seconds later. Noticing the loose screw, she slid across the snow and off the piste. During this period, David and Mark skied past. Mark shouted to David, “We’re going to win.” Luckily, it was not a tough problem for Sue. She quickly tightened the screw, made an examination of the rest and skied again. Minutes later, she was ahead of most competitors. Now, the only one before her was Mark, whom she was determined to beat.
Paragraph 2:
Maybe feeling guilty or nervous, Mark made a mistake and fell down when Sue approached him. Seeing Mark struggled to stand up, Sue stopped and gave him a pull. Much astonished, Mark murmured, “Thank you.” Sue left with a wave of the hand. Two players passed just the moment. Sue sped up with all her strength. Soon she crossed the finish line first to thunderous applause. “Congratulations!” Mark came to Sue. “I should apologize for my words and behavior.” Knowing what had happened, Sue was a little angry, but anyway, it was in the past, “Never mind. I’ve also learned the lesson that examining my skis is necessary,” Sue joked. “And maybe we could ski together later.” “Totally agree!”
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Sue在滑雪时与Mark起了争执，Mark非常生气。Sue滑雪很棒，Mark与好友David嫉妒Sue。后来老师宣布进行滑雪比赛，三个人成了强大的竞争对手。比赛前Mark和David注意到Sue的滑雪板的螺丝松动了，他们认为他们一定会赢的比赛。
1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“比赛终于到了，每个人都很兴奋。”可知，第一段可描写在滑雪的过程中，Sue注意到螺丝松动了，停下来修理，然后努力追赶，最后只有Mark在她前面了，Sue努力追赶Mark。
②由第二段首句内容“也许是感到内疚或紧张，马克犯了一个错误，当苏接近他时摔倒了。”可知，第二段可描写Sue帮助了Mark，最后赢得了冠军，Mark对Sue说出了实情，Sue原谅了他们，最后他们成为了好朋友。
2. 续写线索：比赛开始——Sue停下修滑雪板——被超越，努力追赶——帮助Mark——赢得比赛——说出实情——原谅——成为朋友
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①摔倒：fall over/tumble/trip
②检查：make an examination/check/examine
③接近：approach/be close to/come near
情绪类
①惊奇：astonished/surprised/amazed
②生气：angry/take offence
高分句型1：Noticing the loose screw, she slid across the snow and off the piste.（现在分词作状语）
高分句型2：Now, the only one before her was Mark, whom she was determined to beat.（由关系代词whom引导非限制性定语从句）
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