2022届江苏省新沂市第一中学高三下学期5月英语模拟试题含解析

这是一份2022届江苏省新沂市第一中学高三下学期5月英语模拟试题含解析，共25页。
 高三英语模拟试卷（原创题）
第二部分阅读
第一节 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案
A
The benefits of taking a nap.
Naps can charge your brain’s batteries
Taking a nap may make you more alert for the period right after you wake up and maybe hours into the day. A short sleep may also make you feel more relaxed.
You’ll have lower risk for heart problems
Taking a nap once or twice a week could lower the risk of heart attacks or strokes, according to a 2019 study published in the journal Heart.
After tracking more than 3,400 people between the ages of 35 and 75 for slightly more than five years, the researchers found that those who indulged in occasional napping -- once or twice a week, for five minutes to an hour -- were 48% less likely than those who didn’t nap to experience a heart attack, stroke or heart failure.
It might even help you get into shape
A 2020 study focusing on women found the more sleep-deprived the women were the more likely they were to consume added sugar, fatty foods and caffeine.
A lack of quality sleep could lead to overeating because inadequate sleep is believed to stimulate hunger and suppress hormone signals that communicate fullness. The findings were important because women are at high risk for obesity and sleep disorders, the researchers said, which can both be driven by a high intake of food. Napping has been found to improve the overall quality of even nighttime sleep.
And boost your creativity
The right side of your brain might experience a mental spark during a nap, research has suggested. The right side is the hemisphere most associated with creative tasks, such as visualization and thinking, while the left is more analytic.
Researchers monitoring the brain activity of 15 people found that the right side of their brain communicated busily with itself as well as with its left counterpart. The left side of the brain, however, remained relatively quiet. In a January 2020 study of 2,214 Chinese adults ages 60 and older, participants who took afternoon naps for five minutes to two hours showed better mental agility than those who didn’t nap.
1. What was the study in 2019 based on?
A. sleep time B. subject age
C. study size D. sleep rate
2. Accordingto the 2020 study, the sleep-deprived women like eating ________ .
A. fruit and sea food B. vegetable and wine
C. dessert and coffee D. noodles and snacks
3. How did the author develop the last paragraph?
A. By description. B. By making comparison.
C. By showing figures. D. By offering an example.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章用调查的结果告诉人们中午打盹可以有利于身心健康、活跃思维等诸多好处，并提醒缺乏睡眠可以导致肥胖症、失眠症和心脏病等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二个副标题下第二段“After tracking more than 3,400 people between the ages of 35 and 75 for slightly more than five years,(在对3400多名年龄在35岁至75岁之间的人进行了5年多一点的跟踪调查后，)”可知，这次研究是基于受试者年龄特征。故选B。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三个副标题下第一段内容“A 2020 study focusing on women found the more sleep-deprived the women were, the more likely they were to consume added sugar, fatty foods and caffeine.(2020年一项针对女性的研究发现，女性睡眠越缺乏，就越有可能摄入添加糖、高脂肪食品和咖啡因。)”可推断，睡眠少的女性偏爱高糖高脂食物和咖啡因。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Researchers monitoring the brain activity of 15 people found that the right side of their brain communicated busily with itself as well as with its left counterpart. The left side of the brain, however, remained relatively quiet. In a January 2020 study of 2,214 Chinese adults ages 60 and older, participants who took afternoon naps for five minutes to two hours showed better mental agility than those who didn’t nap.(研究人员监测了15人的大脑活动，发现他们的右脑在与左脑交流的同时，也在忙于与自己交流。然而，大脑的左半球保持相对安静。在2020年1月对2214名60岁及以上的中国成年人进行的一项研究中，午睡5分钟至2小时的参与者比不午睡的参与者表现出更好的思维敏捷性。)”可推断，文中的例子是用来说明“右脑不仅活跃，还与左脑进行了频繁的交流。然而，左脑保持相对平静。”这个结论，故选D。
B
Gwen Ifill was a famous African-American journalist who fought for social justice through her news stories. After she died in 2016, a student award was set up in her honor.
Ana Rodriguez, a 16-year-old student at Archie Williams High School, won the 2021 Gwen Ifill High School Student of the Year Award. She won due to her real passion for fighting fake news about COVID-19 vaccines, medical studies and other social media dramas.
Rodriguez said that fake news these days is often masked as real news, meaning teenagers and adults need to cultivate a certain type of skepticism before they either react to the news or spread it. “You need to double-check the sources and get a second opinion,” she said, “If you read about vaccines having some kind of aftermath, go and check another website.”
Archie Williams High School English teacher Matthew Leffel nominated (提名) Rodriguez for the award because of her enthusiasm and “purposefulness”. “Ana went very deep with her research,” Leffel said. “She was able to demonstrate the kind of media literacy (媒介素养) skills that we had intended to build.”
The project used a free public fact-checking website called Checkology. Students were required to write an argument on their chosen topic. Then they had to produce a podcast on “The Truth About …”. In Rodriguez’s case, for example, it was “The Truth About Scientific Racism”. Rodriguez also worked on several different topics, including the fake information of COVID-19 vaccines.
She and other students also made their arguments into booklets to hand out. They hoped to educate more people. Some of their other topics included 5G towers, climate change and surveillance (监控) technology.
“Ana was purposeful,” Leffel said. “It was clear she was not just doing it as a class assignment, but as something that had an important meaning for her life.”
4. What does the underlined word “skepticism” probably mean?
A. Doubt. B. Interest. C. Curiosity. D. Concern.
5. Why did the author mention Leffel in the fourth paragraph?
A. To praise Ana’s writing skills. B. To show Ana’s purpose.
C. To prove racial existence. D. To indicate Ana’s ability.
6. Ana and other students put their arguments in booklets in order to________.
A. hand out for money B. make people think critically
C. learn more knowledge D. enlarge their topics
7. According to Leffel, we can infer that________.
A. Ana does anything with strong purposes B. Ana does a class assignment very carefully
C. Ana does run after her life meaning D. Ana does everything for herself and others
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ana Rodriguez获得一项专为打击假新闻而设置的奖励，谈到她的能力和做事的特点是获奖的重要因素。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Rodriguez said that fake news these days is often masked as real news(罗德里格斯说，如今的假新闻往往被伪装成真实的新闻)”及下文“You need to double-check the sources and get a second opinion(你需要再检查一遍资料来源，再征求别人的意见)”以及“If you read about vaccines having some kind of aftermath, go and check another website(如果你读到疫苗有某种后果，去另一个网站看看)”可知，对于资料内容，需要检查来源并与其他结果进行对比，以确定新闻的真实性。由此可知，在对新闻做出反应或传播之前需要培养某种怀疑主义。由此推知，划线词skepticism与doubt“怀疑”意思相近。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“ “Ana went very deep with her research,” Leffel said. “She was able to demonstrate the kind of media literacy (媒介素养) skills that we had intended to build.”(“Ana的研究非常深入，”Leffel说。“她能够展示出我们希望培养的那种媒体素养技能。”)”可知，作者在第四段中提到了Leffel以表明Ana的能力。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“She and other students also made their arguments into booklets to hand out. They hoped to educate more people.(她和其他学生还把他们的论点做成小册子分发出去。他们希望教育更多的人)”可知，Ana和同学的做法是为了推广这种批判性思维，鼓励大家这样去做。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ana was purposeful(Ana是有使命感的)”以及“It was clear she was not just doing it as a class assignment, but as something that had an important meaning for her life.(很明显，她做这件事不仅仅是作为课堂作业，而是作为对她的人生有重要意义的事情)”可知，这份工作对Ana来说意义重大，她认为这是自己的使命，她在追求自己的生命意义。故选C。
C
While pedaling hard on a bike, do you feel like you are saving the planet? Or do you just feel out of breath? In fact, cycling is now considered one of the ultimate weapons humanity can use in the fight against climate change.
The United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution in March supporting bicycles as a tool for dealing with climate change. The resolution calls on member states to “integrate the bicycle into public transportation in urban and rural settings in developing and developed countries”, with all 193 members of the UN unanimously (一致同意地) adopting the resolution.
This decision has received a positive response from numerous groups in support of cycling and environmental awareness internationally. “It is an important step toward the recognition of cycling as an important mode of transport,” said the European Cyclists’ Federation.
The resolution from the UN comes at a time when climate change has returned to the center of global attention. On Feb 28, the UN published a new report assessing recent climate change trends. The report warns that the global average temperature will rise by 1.5 C above pre-industrial levels (1850-1900), with more than 40 percent of the world’s population being “highly vulnerable” to these temperature changes.
In May 2020, bike sales in Spain increased 22-fold (22倍) compared with 2019. In London, large parts of the city are being closed off to cars so that people can walk and cycle safely. Cities like Berlin and Montreal have also added new, wider bike lanes.
More importantly, the resolution focuses on bike-sharing services, which could be seen as recognition of China’s bike-sharing success, noted CGTN.
China has some of the largest bike-sharing systems in the world. The country has more than 360 cities with dockless (无桩的) bike-sharing systems, with nearly 20 million bicycles for an average 47 million trips each day, according to China’s Ministry of Transport. This transportation option that produces zero emissions reduces the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere by 4.8 million tons every year, according to a 2020 report from the World Resources Institute.
8. According to the first paragraph, when cycling you may feel________ .
A. relaxed B. proud C. anxious D. nervous
9. Why has the resolution received a positive response?
A. Because it is an only tool to cope with climb changes.
B. Because it can be used in urban and rural settings in all countries.
C. Because it has been agreed with by all 193 members of the UN.
D. Because most people support cycling and environmental awareness.
10. The purpose that the author mentioned China in the last paragraph is_____.
A. To show China has succeeded in bike-sharing services.
B. To indicate China has the most bikes in the world.
C. To call for the world to learn from China.
D. To suggest that China has developed quickly.
11. How many tons CO₂ can be stopped into the atmosphere every two years?
A. 20 million tons. B. 9.6 million tons.
C. 4.8 million tons. D. 24.8 million tons.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出人类骑车出行是对付气候变暖的终极手段，因此世界各国近年来自行车的销售激增，与之相匹配的设施也不断出现
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“In fact, cycling is now considered one of the ultimate weapons humanity can use in the fight against climate change(事实上，骑自行车现在被认为是人类对抗气候变化的终极武器之一)”可知，骑自行车可以帮助对抗气候变化，是对人类环境保护的贡献。由此推知，当骑自行车时，你可能会感到自豪。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“This decision has received a positive response from numerous groups in support of cycling and environmental awareness internationally(这一决定得到了许多团体的积极响应，支持国际上的自行车和环境意识)”可知，该决议得到了积极的响应，因为大多数人支持骑自行车和环境意识。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“China has some of the largest bike-sharing systems in the world.(中国拥有世界上最大的一些共享单车系统)”及所列举的数据可推知，作者在最后一段提到中国的目的是展示中国在共享单车服务方面的成功。故选A。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“This transportation option that produces zero emissions reduces the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere by 4.8 million tons every year, according to a 2020 report from the World Resources Institute.(根据世界资源研究所2020年的一份报告，这种零排放的交通方式每年可减少480万吨排放到大气中的二氧化碳)”可知，每年减少二氧化碳排放4.8million tons，两年就是9.6million tons。故选B。
D
China welcomed three heroic astronauts home on April 16. The re-entry module (返回舱) carrying Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu touched down safely at the designated Dongfeng Landing Site in Inner Mongolia autonomous region. This ended the Shenzhou XIII astronauts’ six-month space mission.
This return marks a major breakthrough for China’s efforts in space. Let’s look at some of the technical details of the mission.
Speed record
The mission set a new speed record. The Shenzhou XII return capsule revolved around the Earth 11 times over 24 hours, before returning on Sept 17, 2021. This time Shenzhou XIII shortened the time to about 9 hours, orbiting the Earth five times.
The Shenzhou XIII mission was simplified to only five orbits and was designed to return more efficiently, according to the Chinese Academy of Space Technology (CAST).
This approach required more precise control of the spacecraft and more accurate orbital calculations. This meant that when the spacecraft separated, it could quickly target the landing area, calculate the return path, and adjust its altitude, Wang Ya’nan, editor-in-chief of Beijing-based Aerospace Knowledge magazine, told the Global Times.
“Having the ability to adopt such a fast return method indicates that China’s return technology for manned missions is very mature and reliable,” Wang added.
Temperature control
Another challenge for astronauts returning to Earth is traveling through the atmosphere. After the re-entry capsule enters the atmosphere, there is fierce friction with the air. The surface temperature of the capsule can reach thousands of degrees.
To solve this problem, the researchers designed a heat-resistant coating on the surface of the Shenzhou XIII return capsule. They also laid a layer of ablative material (烧蚀材料) that sublimated (升华) and fell off when the temperature reached a certain level, taking a lot of heat with it, according to People’s Daily Online.
Landing
Landing upright is the ideal way to land, ensuring astronauts have the softest landing, Pang Zhihao, a spaceflight researcher in Beijing, told Science and Technology Daily.
12. What’s the purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To introduce the topic of the passage.
B. To introduce Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu.
C. To inform readers of the astronauts’ six-month space mission.
D. To tell readers about the successful landing of the Shenzhou XIII.
13. How long did Shenzhou XIII revolving around the earth once spend？
A. About 2.2 hours. B. About 3 hours.
C. About 1.8 hours. D. About half an hour.
14. What are the requirements of simplifying the Shenzhou XIII mission?
①to return more efficiently
②to control the spacecraft more precisely
③to calculate orbit more accurately
④to target the landing area quickly
⑤to adjust its altitude
A. ①②③④ B. ①②③⑤ C. ①③④⑤ D. ②③④⑤
15. How did the ablative material take the heat?
A. By designing a heat-resistant coating on the surface of the Shenzhou XIII.
B. By making the surface temperature reach thousands of degrees.
C. By sublimating and falling off when the temperature reached a level.
D. By putting a layer of material on the surface on the spacecraft.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了神州13载人飞船成功返回的历史意义以及在其速度、温度控制和着陆方面的技术性突破。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“China welcomed three heroic astronauts home on April 16. The re-entry module carrying Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu touched down safely at the designated Dongfeng Landing Site in Inner Mongolia autonomous region. This ended the Shenzhou XIII astronauts’ six-month space mission. (4月16日，中国欢迎三名英雄宇航员回国。载有翟志刚、王亚平和叶光富的返回舱在内蒙古自治区东风指定着陆点安全着陆。结束了神舟十三号宇航员为期六个月的太空任务)”以及第二段“This return marks a major breakthrough for China’s efforts in space. Let’s look at some of the technical details of the mission. (这次着陆标志着中国在太空领域取得了重大突破。让我们看看任务的一些技术细节)”可知，第一段的作用是引出文章将要探讨的话题——这次航天任务的技术细节。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“This time Shenzhou XIII shortened the time to about 9 hours, orbiting the Earth five times. (这次神舟十三号将时间缩短到9小时左右，绕地球运行了5圈)”可知，神州13号围绕地球转5圈要9小时，因此转一圈要1.8小时。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“This approach required more precise control of the spacecraft and more accurate orbital calculations. This meant that when the spacecraft separated, it could quickly target the landing area, calculate the return path, and adjust its altitude. (这种方法需要对航天器进行更精确的控制和更精确的轨道计算。这意味着，当航天器分离时，它可以快速瞄准着陆区域，计算返回路径，并调整其高度)”可知，题目中②③④⑤是正确的。故选D项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“They also laid a layer of ablative material that sublimated and fell off when the temperature reached a certain level, taking a lot of heat with it. (他们还铺设了一层烧蚀材料，当温度达到一定水平时，这些材料升华并脱落，带走大量热量)”可知，烧蚀材料在一定温度下，升华脱落，带走了热量。故选C项。
第二节 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Dynamic clearing
Dynamic clearing policy means stamping out an outbreak whenever it occurs and doing so in a relatively short time frame so it won’t lead to community spread. It does not mean the whole country has no infected cases. ____16____.
Putting people first
China’s dynamic clearing approach is characterized by its adherence to the principle of “people and life first”. The number of deaths attributable to the Omicron variant of the virus is more than those caused by the Delta variant. The WHO has rightly called the death toll “beyond tragic”.
With the largest senior population in the world, China has a sizable number of people with chronic underlying diseases such as hypertension and diabetes. ____17____.
A scientific approach
The dynamic clearing policy China has adopted is a scientific approach to fighting the novel coronavirus in line with its national conditions. It is wrong to consider the Omicron variant of the virus as no worse than the virus that causes the common flu.
It is irresponsible for some politicians to compare infections of the Omicron variant to a “flu”. ____18____. They do so out of a cynical need to cover up their failure in responding to it.
____19____
Dynamic clearance measures change in accordance with the situation. If an outbreak is detected early, health workers only need to quarantine and treat patients while keeping an eye on quarantined close contacts.
Under the policy, so long as there is no community spread it is acceptable for cases to exist in quarantine because they are temporarily isolated.
Supporting the global economy
The dynamic clearing policy has so far proved successful in striking a delicate balance between maintaining economic and social development and controlling the spread of the virus.
____20____, enabling it to resume its economic activities and keep transmission of the virus localized whenever a cluster of infections appears.
A. A timely strategy.
B. Changing the world.
C. It is not supported by any scientific evidence.
D. Here are some reasons to stick to dynamic clearing policy.
E. It is this policy that has made it possible for China to control the virus most rapidly.
F. This has enabled China to continue to serve as the bedrock of the global supply chain.
G. China’s public health system would face unbearable pressure from a nationwide outbreak.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. C 19. A 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍中国在疫情控制期间为什么要采取动态清零政策。从“人民至上”、“方法科学”、“策略及时”以及“全球格局”四个方面进行说明。
【16题详解】
根据后文小标题的内容可知，空格后解释为什么要采取动态清零政策，D选项“Here are some reasons to stick to dynamic clearing policy.(下面是坚持使用动态清零策略的一些原因。)”引出下文的采取动态清零政策的原因，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
【17题详解】
空格前说“With the largest senior population in the world, China has a sizable number of people with chronic underlying diseases such as hypertension and diabetes.(中国是世界上老年人口最多的国家，有相当多的人患有高血压、糖尿病等慢性基础疾病。)”，空格处应接着说中国医疗方面的压力，G选项“China’s public health system would face unbearable pressure from a nationwide outbreak(中国的公共卫生系统将面临全国性疫情爆发带来的难以承受的压力)”承接上文，讲明了中国的医疗所面临的压力，因此符合语境，故选G。
【18题详解】
空格前说“It is irresponsible for some politicians to compare infections of the Omicron variant to a “flu”.(一些政客将欧米克隆病毒的变种感染比作“流感”是不负责任的。)”，空格后说“They do so out of a cynical need to cover up their failure in responding to it.(他们这样做是出于一种愤世嫉俗的需要，以掩盖他们在应对危机方面的失败。)”，空格处应说为什么政客的说法不负责任，C选项“It is not supported by any scientific evidence.(它没有任何科学证据支持。)”说明了说政客是不负责任的原因，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
【19题详解】
空格处是本部分的小标题，根据空格下方的“Under the policy, so long as there is no community spread it is acceptable for cases to exist in quarantine because they are temporarily isolated.(根据该政策，只要没有社区传播，病例暂时被隔离，隔离存在是可以接受的。)”可知，本部分主要讲的是这个政策是很及时的，A选项“A timely strategy(一个及时的策略)”概括了本部分的主要内容，可作为小标题，故选A。
【20题详解】
空格后说“enabling it to resume its economic activities and keep transmission of the virus localized whenever a cluster of infections appears.(使其能够恢复经济活动，并在出现集群感染时保持病毒局部传播。)”，因此空格处应该是在说这个政策的好处，且主要是能够快速控制病毒方面的好处，E选项“It is this policy that has made it possible for China to control the virus most rapidly(正是这一政策使中国能够最快地控制病毒)”说明的是这个政策在快速控制病毒方面的好处，与后文的恢复经济活动是相呼应的，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选E。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My son Joey was born with club feet. The doctors assured us that with treatment he would be able to walk normally—but would never run very well. The first three years of his life ___21___ in surgery, casts and braces. By the time he was eight, you wouldn’t know he had ___22___when you saw him walk.
The children in our ___23___ran around as most children do during play, and Joey would jump right in and run and play, too. We never told him that he probably wouldn’t be able to run as well as the other children. So he ___24___.
In seventh grade he decided to go out for the ___25___team. Every day he trained with the team. He worked harder and ran more than any of the others—perhaps he sensed that the abilities that seemed to come ___26___to so many others did not come naturally to him. ___27___the entire team runs, only the top seven runners have the ___28___to score points for the school. We didn’t tell him he probably ___29___never make the team, so he didn’t know.
He continued to run four to five miles a day, every day—___30___the day he had a 103-degree fever. I was worried, ___31___I went to look for him after school. I found him running all alone. I asked him ___32___he felt. “Okay,” he said. He had two more miles to go. The sweat ran down his face and his eyes were ___33___from his fever. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept running. We never told him he couldn’t run four miles with a 103-degree fever. So he didn’t know.
Two weeks later, the names of the team runners ___34___. Joey was number six on the list. Joey had made the team. He was in ___35___grade—the other six team members were all eighth-graders. We never told him he shouldn’t expect to make the team. We never told him he couldn’t do it. We never told him he couldn’t do it ... so he didn’t know. He just did it.
21. A. were spent B. spent C. has been spent D. had spent
22. A. a disease B. a dream C. a problem D. an ill
23. A. school B. house C. campus D. neighborhood
24. A. didn’t know B. doesn’t know C. shouldn’t do D. wouldn’t do
25. A. sports B. cross-country C. basketball D. football
26. A. immediately B. frequently C. suddenly D. naturally
27. A. When B. Despite C. Although D. If
28. A. potential B. possibility C. success D. luck
29. A. could B. needed C. might D. would
30. A. though B. even C. ever D. even though
31. A. for B. because C. when D. so
32. A. how B. why C. what D. that
33. A. cloudy B. rainy C. glassy D. sunny
34. A. called B. were named C. named after D. were called
35. A. eighth B. seventh C. ninth D. tenth
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者在教育先天缺陷的儿子时，因为没有给他设置限制，使其在追逐梦想的时候无所顾忌，从而成功获得进入学校体育队的资格。
【21题详解】
考查动词时态和语态辨析。句意：他生命的前三年都在做手术、打石膏和戴牙套。A. were spent花费；B. spent花费；C. has been spent花费；D. had spent花费。根据主语是过去时间这个特征可以判断谓语是过去时态，又因为spend和时间之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，即were spent，故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他八岁的时候，你看他走路的时候都不知道他有问题。A. a disease疾病；B. a dream梦想；C. a problem问题；D. an ill疾病。由上文的“My son Joey was born with club feet”可知，句子表示“你看他走路的时候都不知道他有问题”，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们社区附近的孩子和大多数孩子玩耍时一样跑来跑去，乔伊也会加入其中，跑着玩。A. school学校；B. house房子；C. campus校园；D. neighborhood社区。根据段落中“the other children”提到其他孩子，也没有暗示Joey有兄弟姐妹，所以排除B选项，选择D选项。排除A和C选项是因为空格前面的our，文中没有提到作者和孩子在同一学校，所以两个都不对。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以他不知道。A. didn’t know不知道；B. doesn’t know不知道；C. shouldn’t do不应该做；D. wouldn’t do不会做。由上文的“We never told him that he probably wouldn’t be able to run as well as the other children”可知，我们从来没有告诉他，他可能不能像其他孩子那样跑得好。所以他不知道，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，因此空格处是didn’t know，第三、四、五段中最后的“so he didn’t know”也是提示，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：七年级时，他决定加入越野赛跑队。A. sports运动；B. cross-country越野赛跑；C. basketball篮球；D. football足球。由后文的“ran more than any of the others”可知，他是加入的越野赛跑队，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他比任何人都更努力，跑得也比任何人都快——也许他意识到，对许多人来说似乎是天生的能力，对他来说却并非如此。A. immediately立刻；B. frequently频繁地；C. suddenly突然；D. naturally自然地。由后文的“did not come naturally to him”可知，空格处是naturally，句子表示“也许他意识到，对许多人来说似乎是天生的能力，对他来说却并非如”，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然全队都在跑，但只有前七名选手有潜力为学校得分。A. When当……的时候；B. Despite尽管；C. Although虽然，尽管；D. If如果。由后文的“only the top seven runners have the ___8___to score points for the school”可知，句子表示“尽管全队都在跑，但只有前七名选手有潜力为学校得分”，空格处是“尽管”，Despite也可以表达转折，但是是介词，这里引导的是句子，用连词。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然全队都在跑，但只有前七名选手有潜力为学校得分。A. potential潜力；B. possibility可能性；C. success成功；D. luck运气。由后文的“to score points for the school”可知，句子表示“只有前七名选手有潜力为学校得分”，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：我们没有告诉他他可能永远进不了队，所以他不知道。A. could能够；B. needed需要；C. might可能；D. would会。根据第一段尾句“By the time he was eight, you wouldn’t know he had ___2___when you saw him walk”以及第二段结尾句子中的wouldn’t可以判断D正确。这里的would表示某事发生的可能性，表示有充分理由认为或猜测是某种情况。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：他继续每天跑4到5英里，每天都是，即使是在他发高烧103华氏度的时候。A. though虽然；B. even即使；C. ever曾经；D. even though虽然。由后文的“the day he had a 103-degree fever”可知，他继续每天跑4到5英里，每天都是，即使是在他发高烧103华氏度的时候，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我很担心，所以放学后我去找他。A. for因为；B. because因为；C. when当……的时候；D. so因此。由上文的“I was worried”和后文的“I went to look for him after school”可知，前后是因果关系，空格处是“因此”，故选D。
【32题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意：我问他感觉如何。A. how如何；B. why为什么；C. what什么；D. that那个。由后文的““Okay,” he said”可知，作者是问他感觉如何，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：汗水从他的脸上流下来，他的眼睛因为发烧而显得呆滞。A. cloudy多云的；B. rainy下雨的；C. glassy呆滞的；D. sunny阳光明媚的。由后文的“from his fever. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept running”可知，他的眼睛因为发烧而显得呆滞，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：两周后，代表队队员名字被宣布了。A. called打电话；B. were named被命名；C. named after以……命名；D. were called点（名）。由后文的“Joey was number six on the list”可知，句子表示“代表队队员的名字被宣布了”，空格处意为“点（名）”，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查序数词词词义辨析。句意：他在七年级，其他六名队员都是八年级的。A. eighth第八；B. seventh第七；C. ninth第九；D. tenth第十。根据第三段的“In seventh grade”可知，他在七年级，故选B。
第二节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Amid the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic, more and more Chinese have realized the importance of health and ____36____ (start) exercising at home because of the control and prevention policy that hinders them ____37____ going out sometimes.
In addition to such fitness games, they are also choosing to follow the guidance of online exercise short videos or livestreams. A few are seniors, ____38____ (inspire) by their families.
According to China Insights Consultancy, the number of people who exercised in China was about 300 million last year, and ____39____ (expect) to rise to 420 million by 2026. It’s expected that ____40____ value of China’s online fitness market will rise from 370.1 billion yuan ($56.44 billion) last year to 895.8 billion yuan in 2026.
Since the COVID-19 epidemic started in 2020, many people have formed the habit of ____41____ (take) exercise at home every day via livestreamed fitness classes.
Workouts at home are the ____42____ (good) option because the commute from home to the gym is time-consuming, and people prefer to exercise in a more private place.
“There is ____43____ better than doing a workout there when I finish my daily work. I feel unwell if I don’t exercise for one day,” said a woman, ____44____ runs an online store and works from home.
Fitness app Keep offers those with paid memberships livestreamed exercise classes. While watching such livestreams, users can post “bullet screens”－real-time comments that appear on the screen－____45____ (cheer) on each other and ask questions, which the coach answers to ease any doubts.
【答案】36. have started
37. from 38. inspired
39. is expected
40. the 41. taking
42. best 43. nothing
44. who 45. to cheer
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是随着新冠肺炎疫情的持续，越来越多的中国人意识到健康的重要性，开始遵循在线健身短视频或直播的指导在家锻炼。
【36题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：随着新冠肺炎疫情的持续，越来越多的中国人意识到健康的重要性，开始在家锻炼，因为防控政策有时会限制他们外出。and前后时态一致，由前面的“have realized”可知，空格处也是现在完成时，主语Chinese是复数，因此空格处是have started，故填have started。
【37题详解】
考查固定短语和介词。句意：随着新冠肺炎疫情的持续，越来越多的中国人意识到健康的重要性，开始在家锻炼，因为防控政策有时会限制他们外出。hinder sb. from doing是固定短语，意为“阻碍某人做某事”，因此空格处用介词from，故填from。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一些是老年人，受到家人的鼓舞。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语是are，空格处用非谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词inspired表被动，故填inspired。
【39题详解】
考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：根据China Insights Consultancy的数据，去年中国的健身人数约为3亿人，预计到2026年将增至4.2亿人。be expected to do是固定短语，意为“预计做某事”，句子描述现在的事情，时态用一般现在时，主语“the number”是单数，因此空格处是is expected，故填is expected。
【40题详解】
考查定冠词。句意：预计中国在线健身市场的价值将从去年的3701亿元（564.4亿美元）上升到2026年的8958亿元。空格处用定冠词the特指“在线健身市场的价值”，故填the。
【41题详解】
考查动名词。句意：自2020年新冠肺炎疫情暴发以来，很多人通过直播健身课程，养成了每天在家锻炼的习惯。of是介词，其后跟动名词taking作宾语，故填taking。
【42题详解】
考查最高级。句意：在家锻炼是最好的选择，因为从家到健身房的通勤时间很长，人们更喜欢在一个更私密的地方锻炼。the后跟形容词的最高级，good的最高级是best，故填best。
【43题详解】
考查不定代词。句意：“完成每天的工作后，没有什么比在那里锻炼更好的了。如果一天不锻炼，我就会觉得不舒服，”一位在家工作、经营一家网店的女性说。根据语境可知，句子表示“没有什么比在那里锻炼更好的了”，空格处意为“没有什么”，是nothing。故填nothing。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：“完成每天的工作后，没有什么比在那里锻炼更好的了。如果一天不锻炼，我就会觉得不舒服，”一位在家工作、经营一家网店的女性说。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词woman是人，因此空格处用关系代词who，故填who。
【45题详解】
考查不定式。句意：在观看直播时，用户可以发布“弹幕”——屏幕上出现的实时评论——来互相鼓励和提问，教练会回答这些问题，以消除任何疑问。根据语境可知，句子表示“用户可以发布“弹幕”来互相鼓励和提问”，因此空格处用不定式to cheer表目的，故填to cheer。
第三部份 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 （满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，你校为了增强学生体质，提升锻炼意识，将邀请歌手兼健身教练刘畊宏（Jay Chou）开展一次关于他非常受欢迎的健身操（fitness routines）《本草纲目》（A Herbalist’s Manual）的网络讲座，请你写封电子邮件给美国的交换生Betty，内容包括：1、邀请她参加讲座。2、告知讲座的时间及登录方式。3、讲座内容。
注意：1、写作词数在80词左右；
2、可以适当增加细节使行文流畅。
Dear Betty,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Betty,
I sincerely invite you to attend an on-site lecture concerning one of the most-watched fitness routines to be held next Saturday, aimed at strengthening students’ bodies and raising health awareness.
Scheduled at 9:30 a.m., the lecture is mainly about how to exercise and dance to upbeat songs and to show their moves. The fitness routines are set to A Herbalist’s Manual from Jay Chou, a singer and fitness trainer. Liu will teach how to keep fit and develop a good lifestyle as he did on TikTok.
Looking forward to your participation!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国的交换生Betty写封电子邮件，邀请他参加歌手兼健身教练刘畊宏（Jay Chou）开展的一次关于他非常受欢迎的健身操（fitness routines）《本草纲目》（A Herbalist’s Manual）的网络讲座。
【详解】1.词汇积累
诚挚地：sincerely→genuinely
健身：fitness→bodybuilding
增强：strengthen→build up
保持健康：keep fit→keep healthy
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I sincerely invite you to attend an on-site lecture concerning one of the most-watched fitness routines to be held next Saturday, aimed at strengthening students’ bodies and raising health awareness.
拓展句：I sincerely invite you to attend an on-site lecture concerning one of the most-watched fitness routines to be held next Saturday, whose aim is to strengthen students’ bodies and raise health awareness.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I sincerely invite you to attend an on-site lecture concerning one of the most-watched fitness routines to be held next Saturday, aimed at strengthening students’ bodies and raising health awareness. (运用了动词不定式作后置定语)
【高分句型2】Liu will teach how to keep fit and develop a good lifestyle as he did on TikTok. (运用了as引导的方式状语从句)
第二节
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mr. Dawson was an old grouch (脾气坏的人), and everyone in town knew it. Kids knew not to go into his yard to pick a delicious apple, even off the ground, because old Dawson, they said, would come after you with his ball bullet gun.
One Friday, 12-year-old Janet was going to stay all night with her friend Amy. They had to walk by Dawson’s house on the way to Amy’s house, but as they got close Janet saw him sitting on his front porch and suggested they cross over to the other side of the street. Like most of the children, she was scared of the old man because of the stories she’d heard about him.
Amy said not to worry, Mr. Dawson wouldn’t hurt any-one. Still, Janet was growing more nervous with each step closer to the old man’s house. When they got close enough, Dawson looked up with his usual frown, but when he saw it was Amy, a broad smile changed his entire face as he said, “Hello Miss Amy. I see you’ve got a little friend with you today.”
Amy smiled back and told him Janet was staying overnight and they were going to listen to music and play games. Dawson told them that sounded fun, and offered them each a fresh picked apple off his tree. They gladly accepted. Dawson had the best apples in town.
When they got out of Dawson’s earshot, Janet asked Amy, “Everyone says he’s the meanest man in town. How come was he so nice to us?”
Amy explained that when she first started walking past his house he wasn’t very friendly and she was afraid of him, but she pretended he was wearing an invisible smile and so she always smiled back at him. It took a while, but one day he half-smiled back at her.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150词左右；
2. 请按下面格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
After some more time, he started smiling real smiles and then started talking to her.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“An invisible smile?” questioned Janet. “Yes,” answered Amy.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】After some more time, he started smiling real smiles and then started talking to her. Just a“hello” at first, then more and more. Sometimes they would talk about neighbors for a long time and shared some delicious food. Surprisingly, Amy said he always offers her an apple now, and is always very kind. “My grandma told me that if I pretended I wasn’t afraid and pretended he was smiling an invisible smile at me and I smiled back at him, sooner or later he would really smile. Grandma says smiles are easily spread.” Added Amy.
“An invisible smile?” questioned Janet. “Yes,” answered Amy. “Everyone wears an invisible smile if you observe carefully.” Amy continued, “Grandma once told me that if we smile to someone, most people can’t resist our smile after a while. They will also respond with a smile or other kind behaviors.” With wide eyes and an open mouth, Janet listened carefully and full of worship. Suddenly, she seemed to think of something, grabbing Amy’s hands and running to Mr. Dawson’s. “Show him our smile!” said Janet. If you want to be accepted by others, you must first learn to accept others.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了道森先生是个老爱发牢骚的人，大家都知道，孩子们都不敢去摘他家的苹果，12岁的珍妮特要和她的朋友艾米过夜。在去艾米家的路上，他们不得不经过道森家，珍妮特很害怕，但是艾米叫她不要害怕，道森对这艾米微笑，还给了她们苹果，珍妮特很好奇，艾米解释了原因，就是假装他脸上带着看不见的微笑。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“又过了一段时间，他开始真正地微笑，然后开始和她说话。”可知，第一段可描写艾米和道森之间的友好是如何发展的。
②由第二段首句内容““看不见的笑容？”珍妮特质疑道。”可知，第二段可描写艾米给珍妮特解释看不见的微笑到底是怎么起作用的。
2.续写线索：友好的发展——奶奶的解释——微笑的作用——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①提供：offer sb. sth./give sb. sth.
②告诉：tell sb. that/inform sb. that
③展示：show sb. sth./display sth. to sb.
情绪类
①友好：kind/hearty
②认真地：carefully/meticulously
【点睛】[高分句型1]. My grandma told me that if I pretended I wasn’t afraid and pretended he was smiling an invisible smile at me and I smiled back at him, sooner or later he would really smile. (由that引导的宾语从句和if引导的条件状语从句)
[高分句型2].Grandma once told me that if we smile to someone, most people can’t resist our smile after a while. (由that引导的宾语从句和if引导的条件状语从句)