四川省成都市第七中学2022-2023学年高三上学期一诊模拟考试英语试题含答案

这是一份四川省成都市第七中学2022-2023学年高三上学期一诊模拟考试英语试题含答案，共31页。试卷主要包含了短对话，长对话，短文，七选五，完形填空，短文改错等内容，欢迎下载使用。

四川省成都市第七中学2022-2023学年高三上学期一诊模拟考试英语试题（含听力）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、短对话
1. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At the hotel. B. At the customs. C. At the cinema.
2. How much money will the man get back?
A. $4. B. $6. C. $10.
3. How does the woman feel finally?
A. Defeated. B. Depressed. C. Encouraged.
4. What does the man want?
A. Ship models. B. Some chips. C. Pig dolls.
5. What made the woman wait so long for her clothes?
A. Her not being informed in time.
B. The wrong delivery of her package.
C. The breaking-down of the company.
二、长对话
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. How long will the speakers wait for?
A. 45 minutes. B. 55 minutes. C. 60 minutes.
7. What will the speakers do next?
A. Wait in line. B. Do some shopping. C. Find another restaurant.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. Who is the cake made for?
A. The man. B. The woman. C. The man's daughter.
9. What will they do first according to the recipe?
A. Mix the flour. B. Heat the oven. C. Brush the pan.
10. What will the man finally do?
A. Cut out a piece of cake.
B. Put some fruit on the cake.
C. Write a message on the cake.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. Why was Mike's brother crying?
A. Mike didn't play with his brother.
B. Mike didn't give his brother's things back.
C. Mike didn't let his brother play with his toys.
12. What does the woman think of Mike's behavior?
A. Unfriendly. B. Unusual. C. Unselfish.
13. What does the woman advise Mike to do?
A. To share things. B. To be more careful. C. To make an apology.
14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Father and daughter. B. Brother and sister. C. Mother and son.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
15. What do we know about this manned flight mission?
A. It is the hardest to operate.
B. It travels at the fastest speed.
C. It has the longest staying time.
16. What do Taikonauts do to pass the time?
A. Play tennis. B. Play instruments. C. Play cards.
17. What does the woman's final words mean?
A. Women are as excellent as men.
B. Women undertake more than men do.
C. Women are less suitable in this mission.
三、短文
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. Which pet may an outgoing person prefer?
A. A dog. B. A cat. C. A bird.
19. What may a cat owner be like?
A. Sociable. B. Careful. C. Clever.
20. What does the speech mainly talk about?
A. More outgoing dog people.
B. Less sociable cat people.
C. Pet people's personalities.


第一部分、阅读理解
First Aid: To the bone
With summer in full swing and kids excited to head outdoors to play, the possibility of getting injured isn't a distant possibility. When the injury takes a more serious tone, such as a sprain or a fracture, it's important to know what to do and not to panic.
How do we tell the difference between a sprain and a fracture?
It is difficult to differentiate as both conditions result in swelling around the injury, bruising of the skin and both feel pretty painful. The best thing to do is to treat the injury as if it is a fracture.
How many types of fracture are there?
Generally, there are two types. Closed fracture is when there is a break in the bone but no damage to the skin or tissue. There will be swelling or skin discolouration at the site of the injury and the injured limb(肢体) cannot move. Open or compound fractures are more obvious as there is a break in the bone, bleeding, and an open wound near the fracture. There is a risk of bacteria getting into the bone, which can cause infection, so seek treatment promptly.
What should parents do?
Parents should:
1. Take clothing off the injured area.
2. If there is no open wound, apply an ice pack to relieve pain and swelling.
3. If a bone fracture is suspected, make a simple splint(夹板) with a board or folded newspapers to immobilise the limb.
4. For open fractures, do not wash the wound or push in any bone that's sticking out as this causes infection. If the wound continues to bleed, use a clean cloth and press the wound to stop the bleeding. Do not straighten the deformed or curved limbs.
5. If the injury is to the head, neck or back, do not move your child and call 999 immediately.
21. Who is the text intended for?
A. Surgeons. B. Parents. C. Children. D. Teachers.
22. What is the feature of closed fracture?
A. Broken skin.
B. Cracked bone.
C. Risk of infection.
D. Immobile limb.
23. How can we treat open fractures?
A. By putting ice pack on the wound.
B. By repositioning the broken bone.
C. By moving the injured person to safety.
D. By applying pressure to stop the bleeding.

As a child growing up in a suburban town in the Northeast of the United States, the arrival of spring had little meaning for me.
Sure, we had a weeklong spring vocation from school, but the key word there was vacation, not spring.
For the kids in my neighborhood, the arrival of spring was a non-event. There were two important seasons: winter, when we could go skating and sledding or build snow forts, and summer, when we could finally make proper use of the beach about 100 meter east of my family home. Spring and autumn were just technical details, weeks and weeks of waiting for the good times' return.
Admittedly, spring later developed its own attractions for me — “In the spring a young man's fancy turns to thoughts of love”, as the poet Alfred Lord Tennyson noted — however, it was not spring itself, but the other stuff bat got my attention.
In short, I never thought much at all about spring ... and then I arrived in China. I had been in Beijing for about three months when my first Spring Festival rolled around, and it could hardly be ignored. Aside from the random bursts of fireworks at any time day or night, what stood out most for me was that the capital seemed to be empty.
It was as though the crowds and streams of cars and trucks commonly seen in the capital had all gone into hiding. My puzzlement cleared up when I returned to work. My colleagues explained that Chinese traditionally travel, if necessary, to visit their families during Spring Festival, and that many Beijingers were not natives of the capital.
I also got my first knowledge of something about Spring Festival that never ceases to amaze me. Regardless of when the holiday is set to begin, there is m almost immediate and sudden change for the better in the weather. Spring really does arrive.
I can't begin to figure out how the ancient Chinese could create a system for the millennia hat would almost always accurately predict when the season would shift year after year after year. But they did.
24. What did the author think of spring as a child?
A. Eventful. B. Hopeful. C. Dull. D. Trilling.
25. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The author never had a spring vacation before he came to China.
B. Spring to the author is a season when he could do nothing.
C. Empty streets and random bursts of fireworks upset the author.
D. Spring Festival tends to indicate the coming of Spring.
26. What' the author's attitude towards China's traditional culture?
A. Doubtful. B. Admirable. C. Objective. D. Confused.
27. Which of the following can be the best title?
A. Springtime — a season of waiting B. Springtime — a season of senses awakening
C. Spring Festival — a time of celebrating D. Spring Festival — a time of loneliness

A demonstration mission to test an idea to clean up space debris launched Monday morning local time from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Known as ELSA-d, the mission will exhibit technology that could help capture space junk, the millions of pieces of orbital debris that float above Earth.
The more than 8,000 metric tons of debris threaten the loss of services we rely on for Earth-bound life, including weather forecasting, telecommunications and GPS systems.
The spacecraft works by attempting to attach itself to dead satellites and pushing them toward Earth to burn up in the atmosphere.
ELSA-d, which stands for End-of-Life Services by Astroscale, will be carried out by a “servicer satellite” and a “client satellite” that launched together, according to Astroscale, the Japan-based company behind the mission. Using a magnetic docking technology, the servicer will release and try to “date” with the client, which will act as a model piece of space junk.
The mission, which will be run from the U.K., will carry out this catch and release process repeatedly over the course of six months. The goal is to prove the servicer satellite's ability to track down and dock with its target in varying levels of complexity.
The spacecraft is not designed to capture dead satellites already in orbit, but rather future satellites that would be launched with compatible docking plates on them.
According to NASA, cleaning up space — and addressing the risks associated with debris — depend on preventing the accumulation of more waste and actively removing it.
The development of other cleanup technologies has been underway for years. In 2018, a device called RemoveDebris successfully cast a net around a model satellite. The European Space Agency also plans to send a self-destructing robot into orbit in 2025, which the organization's former director general has referred to as a space “vacuum cleaner”.
These efforts could prove increasingly important as private space ventures like SpaceX continue to fill low Earth orbit with a “mega-constellation” of satellites.
28. What do we know about space junk?
A. It has a potential effect on our daily life. B. It circles around the earth alongside satellites.
C. It is what astronauts desert in outer space. D. It has been cleaned up several times so far.
29. What does the author tell us about ELSA-d in paragraph 4?
A. Its achievements in space. B. Its theoretical principle.
C. Its two new satellites. D. Its space mission in orbit.
30. What's the purpose of designing the spacecraft?
A. Removing existing space junk in orbit. B. Testing docking technology.
C. Sending astronauts into space. D. Capturing satellites to be launched.
31. What is the passage mainly about?
A. ELSA-d's experimental process. B. Dead satellites floating in orbit.
C. New effort to clean up space junk. D. The application of docking technology.

Search “toxic parents”, and you'll find more than 38,000 posts, largely urging young adults to cut ties with their families. The idea is to safeguard one's mental health from abusive parents. However, as a psychoanalyst(精神分析学家), I've seen that trend in recent years become a way to manage conflicts in the family, and I have seen the severe impacts estrangement(疏远) has on both sides of the divide. This is a self-help trend that creates much harm.
“Canceling” your parent can be seen as an extension of a cultural trend aimed at correcting imbalances in power and systemic inequality. Today's social justice values respond to this reality, calling on us to criticize oppressive and harmful figures and to gain power for those who have been powerless. But when adult children use the most effective tool they have — themselves — to gain a sense of security and ban their parents from their lives, the roles are simply switched, and the pain only deepens.
Often, what I see in my practice are cases of family conflict mismanaged, power dynamics turned upside down rather than negotiated. I see the terrible effect of that trend: situations with no winners, only isolated humans who long to be known and feel safe in the presence of the other.
The catch is that after estrangement, adult children are not suddenly less dependent. In fact, they feel abandoned and betrayed, because in the unconscious, it doesn't matter who is doing the leaving; the feeling that remains is “being left”. They carry the ghosts of their childhood, tackling the emotional reality that those who raised us can never truly be left behind, no matter how hard we try.
What I have found is that most of these families need repair, not permanent break-up. How can one learn how to negotiate needs, to create boundaries and to trust? How can we love others, and ourselves, if not through accepting the limitations that come with being human? Good relationships are the result not of a perfect level of harmony but rather of successful adjustments.
To pursue dialogue instead of estrangement will be hard and painful work. It can't be a single project of “self-help”, because at the end of the day, real intimacy(亲密关系) is achieved by working through the injuries of the past together. In most cases of family conflict, repair is possible and preferable to estrangement — and it's worth the work.
32. Why do young people cut ties with the family?
A. To gain an independent life. B. To restore harmony in the family.
C. To protect their psychological well-being. D. To follow a tendency towards social justice.
33. What does the underlined word “catch” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Response. B. Problem. C. Operation. D. Emphasis.
34. To manage family conflict, the author agrees that young adults should ________.
A. break down boundaries B. gain power within the family
C. live up to their parents' expectations D. accept imperfection of family members
35. What's the author's purpose of writing the passage?
A. To advocate a self-help trend. B. To justify a common social value.
C. To argue against a current practice. D. To discuss a means of communication.


五、七选五
Every boy and every girl expects their parents to give them more pocket money. Why do their parents just give them a certain amount?___36___
The amount of money that parents give to their children to spend as they wish differs from family to family.____37____Some children get weekly pocket money. Others get monthly pocket money.
First of all, children are expected to make a choice between spending and saving. Then parents should make the children understand what is expected to pay for with the money. At first, some young children may spend all of the money soon after they receive it. Parents are usually advised not to offer more money until it is the right time.___38___
In order to encourage their children to do some housework, some parents give pocket money if the children help around the home. Some experts think it not wise to pay the children for doing that.___39___
Pocket money can give children a chance to experience the three things they can do with the money. They can spend it by giving it to a good cause. They can spend it by buying things they want.___40___Saving helps children understand that costly goals require sacrifice. Saving can also open the door to future saving and investing for children.
A. They can save it for future use.
B. Timing is another consideration.
C. As helping at home is a normal part of family life.
D. Some children are not good at managing their pocket money.
E. Learning how to get money is very important for every child.
F. One main purpose is to let kids learn how to manage their own money.
G. By doing so, these children will learn that spending must be done with a budget(预算).


六、完形填空
It was a beautiful day with the sun shining brightly.____41____to spend some time outdoors, I went up the mountain with Uncle Jimmy. The mountain was not easy to climb and had tough rocks and streams on it. Halfway up the mountain,____42____and hot, I couldn't go any further.____43____, we went back down the mountain in the end. On the way back down, Uncle Jimmy asked me a question, which____44____me speechless for a second: “What's your dream, young lady?” “I have no idea,” I answered after thinking for a while. Then he smiled and told me about his____45____. He didn't____46____well at school when he was a student. Although____47____thought he could succeed, he knew____48____what his dream was — to be a____49____. “I knew I wasn't_____50_____when it came to studying, so I tried to buy snacks from a nearby market and sell them after class,” he told me. After he left school, he started selling different items to_____51_____which one was most attractive to customers. Of course, he often had no money in his pocket, but however_____52_____life was, he never gave up.
“There is no doubt that a person who puts in a great deal of_____53_____to reach his or her goal will have good luck at some point. The meaning of life is to_____54_____your dream,” he said in a gentle voice.
That night I could not fall asleep. With my eyes wide open, I lay in bed tossing and turning and I asked myself, “What's my motivation?” I wanted to be a top student, but the hard work_____55_____meant putting everything into following my_____56_____. If I find myself_____57_____willpower, what should I do? Leaving home early the next morning, I climbed the mountain again all by myself. It made me think: If we don't_____58_____it to the top of a mountain, how can we enjoy the scenery there? At last, I reached the top and was_____59_____by the warm breeze and sunshine. Nothing could be more_____60_____than that.
41. A. Hesitant B. Eager C. Satisfied D. Unwilling
42. A. worried B. anxious C. scared D. exhausted
43. A. Therefore B. However C. Meanwhile D. Furthermore
44. A. left B. caused C. pushed D. brought
45. A. career B. story C. idea D. confusion
46. A. behave B. respond C. perform D. impress
47. A. somebody B. everybody C. nobody D. anybody
48. A. clearly B. directly C. shortly D. rapidly
49. A. chef B. scholar C. deliveryman D. businessman
50. A. skilled B. gifted C. diligent D. knowledgeable
51. A. make sure B. check in C. figure out D. count on
52. A. secure B. tough C. reliable D. boring
53. A. talent B. potential C. effort D. ambition
54. A. chase B. create C. change D. promote
55. A. directed B. connected C. pulled D. involved
56. A. demand B. ability C. strength D. passion
57. A. desiring B. sharing C. lacking D. possessing
58. A. make B. reach C. get D. bring
59. A. shocked B. amused C. honored D. greeted
60. A. unexpected B. pleasant C. relaxing D. challenging


语法填空
Gandhi, an Indian national hero, was honoured as____61____father of the Indian nation. He has been respected and beloved by the Indians. He was born in India in 1869. He____62____(get) married at the age of 13, and in 1888 he sailed to England,____63____he studied law for three years and became a lawyer.____64____(return) to India, he was sent to South Africa to work on a law case a year later. In South Africa he was surprised to find that the problem of racial discrimination was serious. There he formed an____65____(organize) and started a magazine to fight for equal rights. Gandhi returned to India in 1915, when India was under the control of the British. He led the____66____(Indian) to fight for an end to the British rule and independence for his country. In the political movement many people, Gandhi____67____(include), were put in prison.____68____, the struggles never stopped. The British government had to give____69____and India won its independence in 1947. But_____70_____(fortunate) Gandhi was shot by an Indian who opposed his views and died on January 30th, 1948.


八、短文改错
Dear Editor,
I am high school student. Here I would like to express my sincerely gratitude through your newspaper to all the medical workers for your devotion and sacrifice in this battle against the Covid-19 virus. It is they who, despite of the lack of equipment and the potential of infection, desperately rescue those infecting and striving for life. It is also they who have shed new light on the virus to build up our confidence to defeat it. It is they who deserves all the admiration and love! I can ever express our thankfulness too much for their selfless contributions. As the virus is very hard to clear, I'm convinced that China will win the battle and make a quick recover. Finally I hoped all of them will stay healthy and happy.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua

书面表达
假设你是高三年级学生李华，请你给二十一世纪报中学生版投稿，从以下方面谈谈高三学生如何保持良好的状态来迎接高考：
1. 作息和饮食；
2. 疫情中的个人防护；
3. 心态调整。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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1. B    2. A    3. C    4. B    5. B
6. A    7. B    8. C    9. B    10. C
11. C    12. A    13. A    14. C    15. C
16. B    17. A    18. A    19. C    20. C
Text 1
M: Welcome. Passport and form, please.
W: Sure. Here you go.
M: Thank you. What's the purpose of your visit?
W: I'm here for work. I'm on a business trip.
Text 2
W: Hi, are you ready to pay?
M: Yes, could I get these two shirts?
W: Sure. The total is six dollars.
M: OK. I've got ten.
Text 3
M: How was your exam?
W: I really messed up, Uncle. I couldn't answer a lot of the questions. I already know that I failed.
M: Everybody makes mistakes. Auntie and I will always support you!
W: Thank you, Uncle. I will try again.
Text 4
M: Hey mom, are you at the supermarket now?
W: Hello? Sweetie, the sound isn't very clear.
M: Don't forget to bring me some chips, and I don't want a small bag. I want a big one.
W: A pig ship? What is it? A model? I can't hear you clearly. You can text me.
Text 5
W: Hi, Ben. I will go to the front desk to fetch my package. My new clothes finally came!
M: Did it take a long time?
W: Yeah. They made a mistake and sent it to the wrong address.
M: I want to send a package too. So I'll go with you.
Text 6
M: Wow, look! So many people are waiting in line. This place is always packed on Fridays.
W: I don't want to stand here for an hour. Let's go somewhere else.
M: It's Friday night. Everywhere has a line. Let's just eat here. We can use a waitlist app.
W: A waitlist app? How does that work?
M: You just choose the restaurant, and the app will put you on the waitlist and give you a number.
W: That's easy. Does it say how many groups are ahead of us?
M: Yeah, 10 groups. So, it's a 45-minute wait for our table, but we don't have to stick around here.
W: Great. What are we waiting for? Let's do some shopping to kill time.
Text 7
M: Hey Jen, thank you for helping me bake a cake for my daughter.
W: No problem. It's so sweet of you to make her a cake.
M: Yeah, but I've never made a cake before. So, hopefully, it'll be OK!
W: I'm sure it will. What's first on the recipe?
M: Well, it says to heat the oven first to 180 degrees.
W: I'll do that while you start mixing the flour.
M: OK, I also need eggs, butter, and 2 cups of sugar? Is that too much?
W: Nope! 2 cups is perfect. Now we just put the mixture in the pan and bake it for 30 minutes.
M: That's it? Well, that was a piece of cake!
W: Do you want to write a special message on it?
M: Yes. It's “Happy every day!”
Text 8
W: Mike, do you know why your brother is crying?
M: I don't know. Maybe because I wouldn't let him play with my toys.
W: That's not very kind. What do we say in our family?
M: Sharing is caring.
W: That's right. Sharing is caring. That means you two need to take turns with your toys.
M: But he always plays them alone! He never gives them back.
W: You're his big brother. You need to set an example for him.
M: But sometimes he even breaks them!
W: I'll ask him to be more careful. And you can ask him nicely to give them back next time.
M: But ...
W: No buts, Mister! If you don't listen to my words, I'll tell your father.
Text 9
W: Hey, are you watching a video of the Chinese space station? Shenzhou-12, right?
M: Close. Shenzhou-13.
W: It's hard to keep up with China speed! So how long are they in orbit this time?
M: Six months, the longest stay of any single manned fight mission in China's history.
W: So do you watch them conduct experiments or spacewalks or what?
M: Pretty much. They even give lessons in the space station!
W: I wonder what the Taikonauts do to pass the time up there?
M: They go for jogs play musical instruments, and even play ping-pong.
W: Zero-gravity ping-pong! I gotta try that! Who's that lady floating by?
M: That's Wang Yaping. She's become somewhat of a celebrity down here on earth.
W: Well, women hold up half the sky, so it's only fitting that they should work in it too.
Text 10
M: Are you a dog person or a cat person? What psychological factors make a person choose one type of pet over the other?
An outgoing person prefers dogs. This should really come as no surprise. Owning a dog is a social experience, because you always have to walk them and interact with other dog owners. If you really like talking to other people, a dog might be for you. Cats on the other hand tend to stay at home, which means that taking care of a cat requires much less social interaction.
Cat people are smarter. While studies show that dog lovers are more outgoing and lively, cat lovers score higher on intelligence tests, and are said to be more open-minded. They are also more curious about the world, even though they might not leave the house to see it as much!
Do you love a dog or a cat? Are you a different kind of pet person like a turtle person or a bird person? Does your personality match with some features we talked about earlier? I hope my speech will be helpful to you. Thank you for listening!
21. B    22. D    23. D
这是一篇应用文。文章为家长如何对孩子发生骨折进行急救作了介绍，并对骨折类型和特点加以详细说明。
21. 推理判断题。根据“What should parents do?”（家长应该做什么？）可知，文章的目标读者是家长。故选B。
22. 细节理解题。根据How many types of fracture are there?部分“There will be swelling or skin discolouration at the site of the injury and the injured limb(肢体) cannot move.”（受伤部位会出现肿胀或皮肤变色，受伤肢体无法移动。）可知，闭合性骨折的特点是肢体不能活动。故选D。
23. 细节理解题。根据“Parents should:”部分第四点第二句“If the wound continues to bleed, use a clean cloth and press the wound to stop the bleeding.”（如果伤口继续流血，用一块干净的布按压伤口止血。）可知，我们可以通过按压止血来治疗开放性骨折。故选D。
24. C    25. D    26. B    27. B
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要论述了作者小时候认为春天很无聊，到后来来到中国，看到春节期间中国的传统，对中国的传统文化产生了钦佩之心。
24. 细节理解题。根据第一段“As a child growing up in a suburban town in the Northeast of the United States, the arrival of spring had little meaning for me.（作为一个在美国东北部郊区小镇长大的孩子，春天的到来对我来说没什么意义）”可知，作者小时候认为春天很无聊。故选C。
25. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“I also got my first knowledge of something about Spring Festival that never ceases to amaze me. Regardless of when the holiday is set to begin, there is m almost immediate and sudden change for the better in the weather. Spring really does arrive.（我也得到了我的第一个关于春节的知识，从未停止让我惊讶。不管假期什么时候开始，天气都会立刻突然变好。春天真的来了）”可知，春节往往预示着春天的到来。故选D。
26. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“I can't begin to figure out how the ancient Chinese could create a system for the millennia hat would almost always accurately predict when the season would shift year after year after year. But they did.（我不知道古代中国人是如何创造出一个可以持续数千年的系统，几乎总能准确预测季节何时会年复一年地变化。但他们做到了）”可推知，作者对中国的传统文化有一颗钦佩之心。故选B。
27. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“As a child growing up in a suburban town in the Northeast of the United States, the arrival of spring had little meaning for me.（作为一个在美国东北部郊区小镇长大的孩子，春天的到来对我来说没什么意义）”以及根据最后一段“I can't begin to figure out how the ancient Chinese could create a system for the millennia hat would almost always accurately predict when the season would shift year after year after year. But they did.（我不知道古代中国人是如何创造出一个可以持续数千年的系统，几乎总能准确预测季节何时会年复一年地变化。但他们做到了）”结合文章主要论述了作者小时候认为春天很无聊，到后来来到中国，看到春节期间中国的传统，对中国的传统文化产生了钦佩之心。可知，B选项“春天——感官觉醒的季节”最符合文章标题。故选B。
28. A    29. B    30. D    31. C
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了哈萨克斯坦拜科努尔航天发射场发射了一项清理太空碎片的示范任务。这项名为ELSA-d的任务将展示能够帮助捕获太空垃圾的技术，太空垃圾是漂浮在地球上空的数百万块轨道碎片。文章介绍了太空垃圾的不良影响以及这一任务具体的操作过程。
28. 细节理解题。根据第二段“The more than 8,000 metric tons of debris threaten the loss of services we rely on for Earth-bound life, including weather forecasting, telecommunications and GPS systems.（8000多公吨的碎片威胁着我们在地球上生活所依赖的服务，包括天气预报、电信和GPS系统）”可知，太空垃圾有可能影响到我们的日常生活。故选A。
29. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“ELSA-d, which stands for End-of-Life Services by Astroscale, will be carried out by a ‘servicer satellite’ and a ‘client satellite’ that launched together, according to Astroscale, the Japan-based company behind the mission.（ ELSA-d，即Astroscale公司的‘生命终了服务’，将由一颗‘服务卫星’和一颗‘客户端卫星’共同发射，负责这项任务的日本公司Astroscale称）”可推知，ELSA-d还未实践，只是理论上的。故选B。
30. 细节理解题。根据第五段“The mission, which will be run from the U.K., will carry out this catch and release process repeatedly over the course of six months. The goal is to prove the servicer satellite's ability to track down and dock with its target in varying levels of complexity.（该任务将由英国负责，将在6个月的时间里反复执行这一捕放过程。其目标是证明服务卫星在不同复杂程度下跟踪和对接目标的能力）”可知，设计宇宙飞船的目的是捕获要发射的卫星。故选D。
31. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“A demonstration mission to test an idea to clean up space debris launched Monday morning local time from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Known as ELSA-d, the mission will exhibit technology that could help capture space junk, the millions of pieces of orbital debris that float above Earth.（当地时间周一上午，哈萨克斯坦拜科努尔航天发射场发射了一项清理太空碎片的示范任务。这项名为ELSA-d的任务将展示能够帮助捕获太空垃圾的技术，太空垃圾是漂浮在地球上空的数百万块轨道碎片）”以及最后一段“These efforts could prove increasingly important as private space ventures like SpaceX continue to fill low Earth orbit with a ‘mega-constellation’ of satellites.（随着SpaceX等私人太空公司继续在近地轨道上部署‘巨型卫星星座’，这些努力可能会变得越来越重要）”结合文章还介绍了太空垃圾的不良影响以及这一任务具体的操作过程。可知，这篇文章主要讲的是清理太空垃圾的新努力。故选C。
32. C    33. B    34. D    35. C
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了面对家庭冲突或隔阂，相比疏远，修复才是更好的方法。
32. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Search ‘toxic parents’, and you'll find more than 38,000 posts, largely urging young adults to cut ties with their families. The idea is to safeguard one's mental health from abusive parents.（搜索‘有毒父母’，你会发现超过38000条帖子，大部分都是敦促年轻人与家庭断绝关系。这样做是为了保护孩子的心理健康不受父母虐待。）”可知，年轻人选择与家庭切断联系是为了保护自己免受心理上的伤害。故选C。
33. 词义猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“that after estrangement, adult children are not suddenly less dependent. In fact, they feel abandoned and betrayed, because in the unconscious, it doesn't matter who is doing the leaving; the feeling that remains is ‘being left’.（在关系疏远之后，成年子女对父母的依赖并不会突然减少。事实上，他们觉得自己被抛弃了，被背叛了，因为在潜意识里，是谁离开并不重要；剩下的感觉是‘被留下’。）”可知，子女选择与家庭疏远后，产生的结果是消极的影响，所以划线单词catch表示的意思是“问题或者后果”。选项A“Response（回复）”；选项B“Problem（问题）”；选项C“Operation（手术）”；选项D“Emphasis（强调）”。故选B。
34. 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“What I have found is that most of these families need repair, not permanent break-up.（我发现，大多数这样的家庭需要修复，而不是永久破裂。）”可知，作者建议年轻人去修复家庭关系而不是疏远；再根据“How can we love others, and ourselves, if not through accepting the limitations that come with being human? Good relationships are the result not of a perfect level of harmony but rather of successful adjustments.（如果不接受作为人类的局限性，我们怎么能爱别人，爱自己呢?良好的人际关系不是完美和谐的结果，而是成功调整的结果。）”可知，作者建议年轻人要接受家人的不完美，调整心态，修复关系。故选D。
35. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Search ‘toxic parents’, and you'll find more than 38,000 posts, largely urging young adults to cut ties with their families. The idea is to safeguard one's mental health from abusive parents.（搜索‘有毒父母’，你会发现超过38000条帖子，大部分都是敦促年轻人与家庭断绝关系。这样做是为了保护孩子的心理健康不受父母虐待。）”可知，开篇作者先提出了一个当下普遍存在的趋势，即年轻人在处理家庭冲突时，选择的是疏远家庭。再根据however之后的内容“However, as a psychoanalyst(精神分析学家), I've seen that trend in recent years become a way to manage conflicts in the family, and I have seen the severe impacts estrangement(疏远) has on both sides of the divide. This is a self-help trend that creates much harm.（然而，作为一名精神分析学家，我看到近年来这种趋势成为了一种管理家庭冲突的方式，我也看到了疏远对分歧双方的严重影响。这是一种会造成很多伤害的自助趋势。）”可知，作者紧接着通过转折词“however”指出这种疏远的处理方式是错误的，会带来很大的伤害。因此，作者是为了论述与开篇趋势相反的观点。故选C。
36. F    37. B    38. G    39. C    40. A
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要是关于孩子如何使用零花钱的问题，作者给出了自己的看法。
36. 根据前一句Why do their parents just give them a certain amount?（为什么他们的父母只给他们一定量的钱）可知，此处应该是对此做出回答，F. One main purpose is to let kids learn how to manage their own money.（一个主要目的是让孩子们学会如何管理自己的钱）符合语境。故选F。
37. 根据下两句Some children get weekly pocket money. Others get monthly pocket money.（有些人的零用钱是每个星期给的。有的人的零用钱是每个月给的）可知，此处在讲给零用钱的时间。B. Timing is another consideration.（时间是另一个考虑因素）符合上下文。故选B。
38. 本段主要讲述的孩子花自己的零花钱的时间，要在合适的时间去花自己的钱。根据前一句Parents are usually advised not to offer more money until it is the right time.（父母通常被建议在时机成熟之前不要给孩子更多的钱）可知，G. By doing so, these children will learn that spending must be done with a budget(预算).（通过这样做，这些孩子将会学到花钱必须要有预算）符合上下文。故选G。
39. 根据上一句Some experts think it not wise to pay the children for doing that.（一些专家认为为孩子的行为付钱是不明智的）可知，很多人认为给钱让孩子做家务是错误的，C. As helping at home is a normal part of family life.（因为在家里帮忙是孩子家庭生活的一部分）符合上下文。故选C。
40. 根据下一句Saving helps children understand that costly goals require sacrifice.（储蓄可以帮助孩子们明白，昂贵的目标是需要牺牲的）可知，此处是关于储蓄的话题，A. They can save it for future use.（他们可以把它储存起来以备将来之用）符合上下文。故选

41. B    42. D    43. A    44. A    45. B    46. C    47. C    48. A    49. D    50. B    51. C    52. B    53. C    54. A    55. D    56. D    57. C    58. A    59. D    60. B
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者与吉米叔叔的一次爬山时因畏惧山路艰险及天热难受而半途返回，返回途中，吉米叔叔和作者分享了自己的故事，告诉作者生命的意义就是在于投入全力去追逐自己的梦想。
41. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：渴望在户外呆上一段时间，于是我与Jimmy叔叔一起去爬山。A. Hesitant犹豫的；B. Eager渴望的；C. Satisfied感到满意的；D. Unwilling不情愿的。根据上文“It was a sunny day.”以及空后“to spend some time outdoors, I went up the mountain with Uncle Jimmy”可知，天气晴朗，我渴望和叔叔在这样好的日子里一起去户外登山。故选B。
42. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，我又累又热，再也走不动了。A. worried担忧的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. scared害怕的；D. exhausted筋疲力尽的。根据上文“The mountain was not easy to climb and had tough rocks and streams on it.”以及下文“and hot, I couldn't go any further”可知，作者因为山路难走，所以爬到一半就感到又累又热决定放弃。故选D。
43. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，最后我们下山返回了。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Meanwhile与此同时，在此期间；D. Furthermore此外，而且。上文“I couldn't go any further”作者因为感到劳累走不动，以及空后“we went back down the mountain in the end”可知上下文之间为因果关系。故选A。
44. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在下山返回的路上，Jimmy叔叔问了我一个问题 ，使我一时无言以对，他说：“你的梦想是什么，小姐？”。A. left留下，让……处于（某种状态、某地等）；B. caused引起；C. pushed推；D. brought带来；根据后文“me speechless for a second”可知，是叔叔的话使作者无言以对。短语leave sb.+adj，表示让某人处于某种状态，句中形容词speechless 作宾补，其他选项无此用法。故选A。
45. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他笑着给我讲了他自己的故事。A. career事业；B. story故事；C. idea主意；D. confusion困惑。根据后文“He didn't ____6____ well at school when he was a student.”可知，是Jimmy叔叔和我分享了他的故事。故选B。
46. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生时期他在校表现不好。A. behave行为；B. respond回应；C. perform表现；D. impress使印象深刻。根据后文“I knew I wasn't ____10____ when it came to studying, so I tried to buy snacks from a nearby market and sell them after class”可知，吉米叔叔在学校学习方面表现并不好，固定短语perform well意为to work or do things well“表现得好”。故选C。
47. 考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：虽然没有人认为他会功，但是他清楚的知道自己的梦想是什么。A. somebody某人；B. everybody每人；C. nobody没有人；D. anybody任何人。由前文“He didn't ____6____ well at school when he was a student.”可知吉米叔叔在学校表现根本不好，再结合空前的“Although”可知主从句之间为转折关系，所以，没有人会认为他会成功，符合语境。故选C。
48. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然没有人认为他会成功，但他清楚地知道他的梦想是什么——成为一个商人。A. clearly清楚地；B. directly直接地；C. shortly简短地；D. rapidly快速地。根据下文“what his dream was — to be a ____9____.”以及“‘I knew I wasn't ____10____ when it came to studying, so I tried to buy snacks from a nearby market and sell them after class,' he told me.”可知，叔叔清楚的知道自己的梦想是什么。故选A。
49. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然没有人认为他会成功，但他清楚地知道他的梦想是什么——成为一个商人。A. chef厨师；B. scholar学者；C. deliveryman送货员；D. businessman商人。根据下文“I tried to buy snacks from a nearby market and sell them after class”他贩卖各种东西，可知，他的梦想是做一名商人。故选D。
50. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道我在学习方面没有天赋。A. skilled技术娴熟的；B. gifted有天赋的；C. diligent勤劳的；D. knowledgeable有学识的。根据上文“He didn't ____6____ well at school when he was a student.”可知，叔叔在学校学习不好，说明他在学习上没有天赋。故选B。
51. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：离开学校后，他开始出售不同的商品，以弄清楚哪种商品最能吸引顾客。A. make sure确保；B. check in登记入住；C. figure out理解，弄明白；D. count on依赖。根据后文“which one was most attractive to customers.”可知，此处是指叔叔搞清楚顾客最想买什么，故选C。
52. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，他的口袋里经常没有钱，但无论生活多么困难，他从不放弃。A. secure安全的，稳妥的；B. tough艰难的；C. reliable可靠的，可信赖的；D. boring令人厌烦的，乏味的。根据上文“he often had no money in his pocket”可知他那时生活很困难。故选B。
53. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，一个人如果付出了巨大的努力去实现他或她的目标，他会在某个时候拥有好运。A. talent天赋；B. potential潜能；C. effort付出，努力；D. ambition雄心，抱负。结合后文“to reach his or her goal”以及常识可知，要付出努力，才能实现梦想。故选C。
54. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“生命的意义是追逐你的梦想，”他用温柔的声音说道。A. chase追逐，追赶；B. create创造；C. change改变；D. promote促进，晋升。根据上文“puts in a great deal of ____13____ to reach his or her goal”以及Jimmy叔叔自己的故事可知Jimmy叔叔认为生命的意义在于追逐自己的梦想，尽最大努力去实现自己的梦想，短语chase one's dream意为“追求梦想”。故选A。
55. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想当一名尖子生，但是想当尖子生所需的艰辛工作意味着我要把一切都投入到追随我的内心热爱的事情中。A. directed指导；B. connected连接；C. pulled拉；D. involved需要，涉及。结合上文“I wanted to be a top student, but the hard work”以及句子结构分析可知，“the hard work”指想成为尖子生所需的艰苦努力。故选D。
56. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想当一名尖子生，但是想当尖子生所需的艰辛工作意味着我要把一切都投入到追随我的内心热爱的事情中。A. demand需求；B. ability能力；C. strength优点，力量；D. passion酷爱，热衷的爱好（或活动）。根据前文的“I wanted to be a top student.”可知，成为尖子生是作者所追求的目标，故作者需要把一切都投入到成为尖子生这一事情中，passion符合句意。故选D。
57. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果发现自己缺乏意志力，我该怎么办？A. desiring渴望；B. sharing分享；C. lacking缺乏；D. possessing拥有。根据句中“what should I do？”以及作者登山半途要返回，可知，此时作者在想如果自己缺乏意志力该怎么办，故选C。
58. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们不登上山顶，我们怎么能欣赏那里的风景呢？A. make制造，使成功；B. reach到达；C. get获得，得到；D. bring带来。根据句中的“how can we enjoy the scenery there?”以及下文“At last, I reached the top and was ____19____ by the warm breeze and sunshine. Nothing could be more ____20____ than that.”可知努力登上山顶，才有机会领略到顶峰上的美景，短语make it意为“做成某事，获得成功，准时到达”，此句中“make it to the top”意为“登上顶峰”。故选A。
59. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我到达了山顶，迎接我的是温暖的微风和阳光。A. shocked使震惊；B. amused（使）娱乐，逗乐，（提供）消遣；C. honored尊敬，给与表扬；D. greeted问候，迎接。根据“I reached the top”以及“by the warm breeze and sunshine.”可知，此处作者到达顶峰上，首先感受到的是温暖的微风和阳光，greet符合语境。故选D。
60. 考查形容词义辨析。句意：没有比那更令人愉快的了。A. unexpected意料之外的；B. pleasant愉悦的；C. relaxing放松的；D. challenging富于挑战性的。根据前文的“by the warm breeze and sunshine”可知，当作者到达山顶，迎着温暖的微风和阳光，领略到顶峰上的美景，明白了叔叔的鼓励，坚定了自己的意志力，所以此时的内心感觉是愉悦的。故选B。

61. the    62. got    63. where    64. Having returned    65. organization/organisation    66. Indians    67. included    68. However/Nevertheless/Nonetheless    69. in    70. unfortunately
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了印度国父——甘地的传奇一生。
61. 考查冠词。句意：甘地是印度民族英雄，被尊为印度国父。修饰名词father，特指，用定冠词。故填the。
62. 考查时态。句意：他13岁时结婚，1888年乘船前往英国，在那里学习了三年法律，后来成为一名律师。考查本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“at the age of 13”可知，本句用一般过去时。故填got。
63. 考查定语从句。句意：他13岁时结婚，1888年乘船前往英国，在那里学习了三年法律，后来成为一名律师。分析句子结构可知，这里为非限制性定语从句，先行词为England，在从句中担当地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。
64. 考查非谓语动词。句意：回到印度后，一年后他被派往南非处理一个法律案件。非谓语动词担在句中作状语，动词return和主句主语he之间存在主动关系，发生在主句谓语动词was sent之前，用having done结构。故填Having returned。
65. 考查名词。句意：在那里，他成立了一个组织，创办了一本杂志，为争取平等权利而战。根据上文的an可知，空处为名词的单数形式。故填organisation或organization。
66. 考查名词的数。句意：他领导印度人为结束英国统治和国家独立而战。考查固定的搭配：the Indians，意为“印度人”。故填Indians。
67. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在这场政治运动中，包括甘地在内的许多人都被关进了监狱。这里为非谓语动词构成的独立主格形式，动词include和Gandhi之间存在被动关系，用过去分词。故填included。
68. 考查副词。句意：然而，斗争从未停止。根据上文“在这场政治运动中，包括甘地在内的许多人都被关进了监狱。”以及下文“斗争从未停止”可知，两者之间存在转折关系。故填However或Nevertheless或Nonetheless。
69. 考查固定短语。句意：英国政府不得不让步，印度于1947年赢得独立。考查固定短语，根据下文的“印度于1947年赢得独立”可知，英国政府不得不让步。短语give in，意为“让步”。故填in。
70. 考查副词。句意：但不幸的是，甘地被一名反对他观点的印度人枪杀，于1948年1月30日去世。句中用副词作状语。根据下文的“甘地被一名反对他观点的印度人枪杀，于1948年1月30日去世。”可知，这是一件不幸的事。故填unfortunately。
71.
1. am后加a
2. sincerely→sincere
3. your→their
4. 删掉of
5. infecting→infected
6. deserves→deserve
7. ever→never
8. As→Although/Though/While
9. recover→recovery
10. hoped→hope
本文是一篇应用文。作者在信中表达了对医务工作者的感谢与美好祝愿。
1. 考查冠词。句意：我是一名高中生。student“学生”为可数名词，根据主语“I”可知，此处指“一名高中生”，应用不定冠词，置于定语high school之前，high以辅音音素开头，应用a。故在am后加a。
2. 考查形容词。句意：在这里，我想通过贵报向所有医务工作者表示衷心的感谢，感谢他们在这场对抗新冠肺炎疫情斗争中的奉献和牺牲。gratitude“感激之情，感谢”为名词，应用形容词修饰。故将sincerely改为sincere。
3. 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：在这里，我想通过贵报向所有医务工作者表示衷心的感谢，感谢他们在这场对抗新冠肺炎疫情斗争中的奉献和牺牲。根据句意可知，作者要感谢的是医务工作者，因为他们的奉献和牺牲，所以应用形容词性物主代词their。故将your改为their。
4. 考查介词。句意：正是他们，尽管缺乏设备，也有可能受到感染，却拼命抢救那些被感染的人，争取生命。句中“the lack of equipment and the potential of infection”作despite的宾语，despite为介词，意为“尽管”，后直接跟宾语。故删掉of。
5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：正是他们，尽管缺乏设备，也有可能受到感染，却拼命抢救那些被感染的人，争取生命。句中those与infect之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故将infecting改为infected。
6. 考查强调句型和主谓一致。句意：正是他们值得所有的赞美和爱！句子分析可知，此句为强调句，句子主语为they，谓语动词是deserve，此句为一般现在时，所以句中谓语动词用deserve。故将deserves改为deserve。
7. 考查副词。句意：对于他们的无私奉献，我再怎么感谢也不为过。固定搭配can never ... too ... /cannot(或can not) ... too ...意为“怎么……也不过分”。故将ever改为never。
8. 考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然疫情很难清除，但我相信中国一定能战胜疫情并很快恢复。句意分析可知此句为含有让步状语从句的主从复合句，as引导让步状语从句不能置于句首，应用although、though或者while引导。故将As改为Although/Though/While。
9. 考查名词。句意：虽然疫情很难清除，但我相信中国一定能战胜疫情并很快恢复。句中quick为形容词，作定语，修饰名词，动词recover的名词为recovery，前有冠词a，recovery用单数形式。故将recover改为recovery。
10. 考查等差时态。句意：最后，我希望他们都能保持健康和快乐。根据从句谓语动词“will win”以及上文“I'm convinced that China will win the battle and make a quick recover.”可知，此句应用一般现在时，陈述现在的事实。故将hoped改为hope。
As senior three high school students who are occupied in preparing for College Entrance Examination, we need to keep a good state.
First of all, if we want to strengthen our body, it is of great significance for us to have a regular life schedule and keep a balanced diet which should contain suitable vegetables and meat. What's more, due to the worsening epidemic, we should have proper personal protection, such as wear a protective mask outdoors, wash our hands frequently and keep a safe distance from others. Above all, paying attention to adjusting our state of mind is of equal importance.
To conclude, keeping a good state will contribute to our final performance in the College Entrance Examination.
本篇书面表达属于应用文写作。要求考生给二十一世纪报中学生版投稿，谈谈高三学生如何保持良好的状态来迎接高考。
1. 词汇积累
首先：first of all→initially/first and foremost
重要性：significance→importance
此外：what's more→besides/in addition/furthermore
最后：lastly→finally/last but not least
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：What's more, due to the worsening epidemic, we should have proper personal protection, such as wear a protective mask outdoors, wash our hands frequently and keep a safe distance from others.
拓展句：What's more, because the epidemic is worsening, we should have proper personal protection, such as wear a protective mask outdoors, wash our hands frequently and keep a safe distance from others.
高分句型1：As senior three high school students who are occupied in preparing for College Entrance Examination, we need to keep a good state.（运用了who引导的限制性定语从句）
高分句型2：First of all, if we want to strengthen our body, it is of great significance for us to have a regular life schedule and keep a balanced diet which should contain suitable vegetables and meat.（运用了if引导的状语从句和which引导的定语从句）