课时14.九年级上册 Unit 2-中考英语四轮总复习（仁爱版）

课时14.九年级上册 Unit 2学习目标：1.单词背默2.词汇拓展3.短语背默4.句型背默5.高频考点突破           单词背默1.脏乱，杂乱；困境(n.)________2．羞耻，羞愧(n.)________3．几个，数个(det.&pron.)________4．很坏的，极讨厌的(adj.)________5．承受，忍受(v.)________6．有害的(adj.)________7．聋的(adj.)________8．句子；判决，宣判(n.)________9．煤；煤块(n.)________10．血(n.)________11．行星(n.)________12．沙(n.)________13．虽然，尽管，即使(conj.)________14．没有一个；毫无(pron.)________15．垃圾；废弃物(n.)________16．野的，野生的(n.)________17．没有人(pron.)　小人物，无足轻重的人(n.)________ 18.最差的，最糟的(adj.)________19．状况；形势；局面(n.)________20．可能，大概(adv.)________21．人人，每个人(pron.)________22．洞，坑(n.)________23．(使)出现；(使)形成(v.)　种类；形式(n.)________24．防止，避免(v.)________25．几乎，将近(adv.)________26．法律，法令；定律(n.)________27．点头(v.)________28．技术(n.)________29．轮，车轮，轮子(n.)________30．向导，导游；指南，手册(n.)________31．任何人，无论谁(pron.)________32．录像带；录像(n.)________33．允许，准许________         词汇拓展1.waste(adj.)废弃的，丢弃的，无用的　(v.)浪费→________(adj.)浪费的→________(反义词)(v.)节省；节约2．pollute(v.)污染→________(n.)污染；污染物→________(adj.)受污染的3．pain(n.)疼，痛，痛苦→________(adj.)令人痛苦的；令人疼痛的4．produce(v.)生产，制造→________(n.)产品，制品5．print(v.)印刷→________(n.)打印机；印刷厂；印刷工6．recently(adv.)不久前；最近→________(adj.)最近的7．create(v.)造成；创造→________(adj.)有创造力的；创造性的8．punish(v.)处罚，惩罚→________(n.)惩罚9．rise(v.)上升；起床；升起→________(过去式)→________(过去分词)→________(现在分词)10．discover(v.)发现，找到→________(n.)发现；发觉11．agreement(n.)同意；一致；协议→________(v.)同意；赞成；应允12．act(v.)扮演→________(n.)行动；行为→________(n.)活动→________(复数)13．require(v.)需要；要求→________(n.)要求14．deep(adj.)深的；厚的→________(adv.)深深地；非常15．dry(adj.)干燥的→________(比较级)→________(最高级)→________(反义词)(adj.)湿的；潮湿的16．marry(v.)嫁；娶；结婚→________(过去式/过去分词)→________(n.)婚姻17．weigh(v.)重量是……；称……的重量→________(n.)重量；分量18．difference(n.)差别；差异→________(adj.)不同的→________(adv.)不同地   短语背默1.砍倒____________2．(尤指对健康或环境)有害的，导致损害的____________3．伤害，损害____________4．高血压____________5．转换成，变成____________6．在各处；到处____________ 7．拿走____________8.温室效应____________9．赶快，快点____________10．放弃____________11．停止，关掉____________12．毕竟；归根到底____________13．用完，耗尽____________   句型背默1.—How long ________ you ________ like this？你像这样多久了？—________ ________ like this since last week.自上周以来我一直就这样。2．Recently, it ________ ________ that many teenagers in America can hear no better than 65­year­old people do, because these young people always listen to loud pop music.据报道，近来许多美国青少年的听力几乎和65岁老人的听力一样差，这是因为这些年轻人总听劲爆的流行音乐。3．We should do ________ we can ________ ________ the environment.我们应该尽一切努力保护环境。4．Some things we have done are very good for the earth ________ others are bad.我们做的一些事情对地球有益，而另一些是有害的。  高频考点突破 考点1There were lots of flowers and grass. 有许多花和草。The flowers and grass have gone! 花和草都消失了！现在完成时和一般过去时的区别(1)一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或状态，强调时间是过去。现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果，强调现在的情况。(2)一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last week/year/month，in 2018, two years ago等。与现在完成时连用的状语有ever, never, already, yet等。 1．—When did they become friends?—They ________ friends since they met in Shanghai.A．have become B．becameC．becoming D．will become2．—Have you seen the movie Forever Young?—Yes. I ________ the movie with my friend last night.A．watch B．watched C．will watch D．have watched 考点2How long have you been like this? 你像这样有多长时间了？(1)how long表示“多长(时间)”，用于提问for或since引导的表示一段时间的状语。(2)how often表示“多长时间一次”，用于提问once, twice等表示频率的副词。(3)how far表示“多远”，用于提问两地间的距离。(4)how soon表示“多久”，提问一般将来时中in引导的表示一段时间的状语。1.—________ is it from your home to your school?—About 2 kilometers. I usually go to school by bike.A．How long B．How soonC．How far D．How often2．—________ do you go to visit your parents? —About twice a month.A．How far B．How often C．How soon D．How much 考点3Pollution has caused too many problems. 污染已经导致了太多的问题。1.Nowadays pupils are very bored because they usually have ________ homework on weekend.A．too many B．too muchC．much too D．many too2．There were ________ people on the bus yesterday. I could hardly move. A．many too B．too many          C．too much D．much too  考点4Making a loud noise in public is also a kind of pollution. 在公共场所制造巨大的噪音也是一种污染。1．你的衣服很时髦，你在哪里买的？(完成译句)Your clothes are ________ ________. Where did you buy them? 2．律师们决定尽力帮助那位处于麻烦中的老人。(完成译句)The lawyers decided to try their best to help the old man ________ ________. 考点5While I was walking down the street just now, I couldn't see anything.刚才当我在街道上走的时候，我什么也看不见。单词意义及用法例句whenwhen连词，意为“当……时候”，相当于at the time that，指时间点，引导时间状语从句，从句的谓语动词常使用终止性动词，偶尔使用延续性动词。She was doing  her homework when someone  knocked at the  door. 当有人敲门的时候她正在做作业。whilewhile也是连词，意为“当……时候”，相当于during the time that，指时间段，引导时间状语从句，强调两个动作同时发生，动词要使用延续性动词。While he was cooking dinner I looked after his little son. 他做饭的时候我照顾他的小儿子。 1．We were walking in the street ________the rain started suddenly. A．as soon as B．whileC．so that D．when2．The students were talking about a movie when the teacher came in.(改为同义句)________ the students were talking about a movie, the teacher came in.  考点6I'm sorry to hear that. 听到那件事我很难过。常用口语应答语：(1)You're welcome “不客气，没关系”，用于回答别人表示的感谢。(2)With my pleasure＝It's my pleasure “很乐意，很愿意”，用于回答别人提出的请求。(3)I'm sorry to hear that ＝Sorry to hear that “听到那件事很难过/很遗憾”，用于对别人遇到的不愉快的事情表示同情。(4)I hope so “希望如此”，表达希望看到事情向好的方面发展。(5)I'm afraid not “恐怕不行”，用于委婉地表示拒绝。(6)No problem “没问题”，用于对别人提出的请求做出爽快应允。1.—I hear that Mr Wang was ill in hospital last Sunday, do you know?—________. But I don't know.A．Of course not B．I'm sorry to hear thatC．With pleasure D．I hope so 2．—Can you help me carry these books?—________.A．Thank you B．I have no time C．I'm afraid so D．It's my pleasure3．—Could you please help me with my Chinese this afternoon?—________， if I have time.      A．What a shame B．You're welcomeC．No problem D．Sorry to hear that 考点7We humans have lived on the earth for only 35,000 years. 我们人类在地球上仅仅才生活了35,000年。单词意义及用法例句since后面接时间点或从句(一般过去时)，也可以接“一段时间＋ago”或句型“It's ＋时间段＋since ＋ 一般过去时”，表示某事是从何时开始的。It's about ten years since she left home. 自从她离开家大约有十年了。for后面接时间段，表示某事持续了多长时间，意思是“长达”。He's been here for 2 years.他来这里两年了。 (用since和for完成下面的句子)1．He has lived in Beijing ________ he came to China three years ago.2．I've known him ________ we were little kids in the small mountain village.3．My old father has studied English ________ three months. 考点8How can we avoid a serious water shortage? 我们如何避免严重的水荒？avoid常见用法如下(1)avoid＋名词或代词，意为“避免或躲避……”。(2)avoid＋动名词，意为“避免做某事”，是高频考点。1.If you go back ten minutes later, you will ________ the busy traffic time.A．miss B．avoid   C．require D．allow2．He went back home through a small street so that he could avoid ________ some neighbors.A．to meet B．met C．meeting D．meets3．我们在西方国家时，最好避免谈论年龄、收入或者体重等话题。(完成译句)We'd better ________ ________ ________ topics like age, weight or money while we are in western countries. 考点9The daughter has never married. 那位女儿从来没有结过婚。(1)marry sb. “嫁给某人，娶某人”，及物动词。(2)be/get married (to sb.) “(和某人)结婚”，时间状语是具体时间，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。(3)have been married (to sb.) “已经(和某人)结婚”，后接“for＋时间段”。(4)marry sb. to sb. 表示“把某人嫁给某人”。1.—How long have you ________？—For more than ten years. We got married in 2007.A．married B．got married C．were married D．been married2．It's said that Gongli got married ________ a man over 70 from France.A．to B．with    C．in D．by3．据说日本公主和一位农民在几年前结婚了。 (完成译句)It's said that the Princess of Japan ________ ________ ________ a farmer several years ago. 考点10The policy requires that only taxis, buses, bikes and special purpose vehicles are allowed to travel anywhere in the city. 政策规定只有出租车、公共汽车、自行车和特殊车辆可以在城市里到处运行。(1)allow sb. to do sth. 意为“允许某人做某事”。(2)sb. be allowed to do sth.是被动结构，意为“某人被允许做某事”。(3)allow doing sth.意为“允许做某事”。1.Hurry up! Once the concert begins, nobody ________ to go into the hall again.A．allow B．is allowed C．is allowing D．are allowed2．Parents should allow their children ________ their own decision.A．have B．having   C．to have D．had 3．People are not allowed ________ in the cinema, but they will allow ________ in the restroom.A．to smoke; smokeB．smoking; to smoke C．to smoke; smokingD．smoking; smoke随堂练习一．用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。1．________(pollute) air does harm to our health. It's necessary to keep the air fresh and clean.2．He found it ________(pain) to breathe.3．I haven't seen them ________(recent)．4．This job is so boring. I wish I could do something more ________(create)．5．The ________(discover) of the new medicine has saved millions of lives across the world.6．We are getting ________(marry) next month.7．The average ________(weigh) of a baby at birth is just over seven pounds.8．If we compare the habits of Chinese and Americans, we'll find many ________(different)．9．The Americans spell some words ________(different) from the British.10．I was sent to bed as a ________(punish).二．单项选择1．—You look so happy!—Jack says I am pretty.________ has ever told me that before.A．Somebody   B．Anybody    C．Everybody   D．Nobody2．—Tom, don't watch TV any more. Go and do your homework quickly.—But Mum, I ________ my homework already. A．finished   B．have finished   C．finish    D．will finish3．—________ will the dinner be ready?—Ten more minutes. A．How much   B．How long    C．How soon   D．How often4．—Your parents aren't at home, are they?—No. They ________ to Beijing for a meeting. A．have gone   B．have been    C．went    D．will go5．Most of them are ________. They speak ________. A．German; German B．German; Germany      C．Germans; Germany D．Germans; German6．—Mike, what about seeing the movie Operation Red Sea with me this evening?—Oh, I ________ it already. It's really wonderful. A．see    B．saw     C．have seen   D．will see7．I've been to many different places, but ________ of them is as beautiful as my hometown. A．each    B．either         C．neither   D．none8．—________ my daughter is only ten years old, she knows a lot. —What a clever girl!A．Because   B．Whether     C．Though   D．So9．According to CCTV News, US President Trump has ________ been to China before. This is his first time to visit China. A．already   B．yet        C．ever    D．never10．—Our school soccer team won the first prize just now.—________ exciting news it is! A．What    B．How     C．What a   D．What an 三．完形填空Today we can see that many people are cutting down the trees in the forests. A lot of __1__ lands have become deserts. If we read newspapers, we'll learn that the forests on the earth are getting smaller __2__. We are cutting down large numbers of trees __3__ we need wood and farmland. Some scientists say that there will not be any great forests __4__ 20 or 30 years.What will happen if the forests disappear? A lot of plants will die and the animals will __5__ their homes. In many places the new farmland will soon look __6__ the old desert. Crops will not grow there. There won't be enough __7__， and the weather will get hot and dry. If the climate of the earth changes, life will be __8__ for everyone. Our living environment will become __9__. More and more rich farmland will disappear. We will suffer a lot from both droughts (干旱) and floods.It's our duty __10__ the forests well. Everyone should try his best to make a contribution (贡献) to taking care of the forests. Stop cutting down the trees and make the world greener!　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　1．A.low   B．rich    C．lonely   D．high2．A.on time  B．all the time C．in time  D．in no time3．A.or   B．so     C．because  D．but4．A.in   B．at     C．on   D．with5．A.find   B．build    C．lose   D．decorate6．A.like   B．up     C．at   D．out7．A.snow  B．sunshine  C．wind   D．rain8．A.easy  B．hard   C．happy  D．interesting9．A.better and better  B．worse and worse  C．bigger and bigger  D．more and more10．A.to do  B．Do   C．to protect  D．protect 四．阅读理解A kind of little cars may take the place of today's big ones many years later. If everyone drives such cars in the future, there will be less pollution in the air. There will also be more space for parking in cities, and the streets will be less crowded.The little cars of the future will cost less. Driving will be safer, too, since these little cars can go only 65 kilometers an hour. The cars of the future will be fine for going around a city, but they will not be useful for a long way. Little cars will go 450 kilometers before they need to stop for more gasoline (汽油). If big cars are still used along with the small ones, two kinds of roads will be needed in the future. Some roads will be needed for the big, faster cars and other roads will be needed for the small, slower ones.   1．There is much pollution in the air today because ________.A．people drive big carsB．people drive little carsC．small cars will go 450 kilometers before they need to stop for more gasolineD．the usual size of cars today is too small2．Which of the following statements (陈述) cannot be inferred from the passage?A．Big cars cost more.B．Big cars are not useful for a long way.C．The cars of the future will be smaller than today's cars.D．Small cars are slower than big ones.3．The streets will be less crowded because ________.A．there will be fewer cars in the futureB．there will be fewer people in the streetsC．three kinds of roads will be builtD．future cars will be smaller4．Two kinds of roads will be needed in the future because ________.A．there will be too many cars in the futureB．more and more people will go to citiesC．big cars run faster and little cars run slowerD．it looks more beautiful to have two kinds of roads五．短文填空Thanks to better health care, most people are living healthier and longer lives. Someone who is born today can expect (希望) to live about thirty­five years longer than someone who was born in the nineteenth century. It is even thought that in the future more and more people will celebrate their hundredth birthdays. Here__1__five rules for a healthy life.Get off the sofa!Sure, it is comfortable to sit on the sofa and watch TV. But doctors say you should get off the sofa.To keep __2__， you have to walk at least 10,000 steps every day. In the past, people's jobs required more physical effort (体力劳动). They often had to walk for miles every day. When farmers were working in the fields, they were keeping fit at the__3__  time. Think about it: Do you get the same amount of exercise today as they did in the past?Eat healthy food!It is important to eat food that is fresh and natural, for example, fruit and vegetables. Fast food is not healthy. You__4__ only have it once in a while. Eating too much of the wrong food will harm your health. Rest while you can! When we were babies, we slept for much of the night. Teenagers do not need as much sleep as babies, but it is important __5__ you to get about eight hours' sleep a night. At weekends, you have got more time, so use it not just for your friends, but for rest too.Do not worry. Be happy! Many people believe that __6__  is important for our general health. Sometimes it is not easy to be a teenager because of the difficulties of school exams or friendships.  __7__ you are worried about something, talk to your parents or your teacher.Say  __8__  to smoking! Yes, you knew I was going to say this! It is so important. Smoking is not cool. It is dangerous. It harms nearly every part of your body. Think about how your family and friends will feel, and think about what it will do to your health.1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________六.短文填空阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。Ocean Protects Against WarmingSeen from outer space, Earth is a blue planet, due to the fact that the ocean 1.        (cover) over 70 percent of its surface. According to a new study published in the journal Science, the ocean plays a great 2.        /rəul/ in slowing down global warming. It is “3.        important buffer(缓冲物)”．The oceans can absorb(吸收) 93 percent of the 4.        /hiːt/ trapped by the greenhouse gases that humans release into the atmosphere. And the 5.         7 percent is absorbed by the air, land and ice caps(冰盖)．“If the ocean 6.        (be not) absorbing as much heat, the surface of the land would heat up much 7.        (fast) than it is right now, ” said professor Malin L. Pinsky at Rutgers University in the US. “In fact, the ocean is 8.        (save) us from rapid warming right now.”However, the ocean 9.        (it) is heating up 40 percent faster on average than the United Nations believed five years ago. That means if the ocean temperatures 10.        /In'kriːs/ at this speed, the high water temperatures will kill off marine ecosystems(海洋生态系统), raise sea levels and make hurricanes(飓风) more destructive(破坏性的)．