25 神舟十五号-2023年高考英语新热点时文阅读

这是一份25 神舟十五号-2023年高考英语新热点时文阅读，共13页。
2023年高考英语新热点时文阅读-神舟十五号 题型主要内容1阅读理解介绍一名做了24年的后备宇航员邓清明，终于实现了他的梦想。2阅读理解讲述了神舟十四号飞船上三名宇航员于周日晚间返回地球。3语法填空讲述了中国宇航员邓清明坚持不懈，努力实现自己的航天梦的故事。4语法填空介绍了航天员邓清明的励志故事。5语法填空介绍了中国的载人航天计划“三步走”战略。6语法填空10月31日中国梦天实验舱发射成功，并对梦天实验舱的概况做了简要介绍。 01（2023·四川南充·统考一模）After serving as a backup crew member for 24 years, Chinese taikonaut Deng Qingming’s dream finally came true—he performed his first space mission onboard the Shenzhou XV spaceship along with two other astronauts on Nov. 29. Deng is the last one of the country’s first group of 14 astronauts to be sent into space. The name of Deng, 56 years old, was not known by many people until China launched the Shenzhou XIII spaceship in October last year. The story of the veteran (老战士) who relentlessly pursued his space dream despite serving as a backup for years moved many, and for which he was praised as a “hidden hero”. In 1996, Deng began to take part in the PLA Air Force’s selection of astronaut candidates and was finally selected with another 13 aviators. In the following years, Deng dedicated almost all of his time to training and has spared no efforts to strive for an opportunity to fly into space. He was a backup crew member for the Shenzhou IX, X and XI, XII missions. “Being a backup doesn’t mean you don’t need to work. I must watch closely in the control center and offer all I know about the mission and the spacecraft in case of emergency,” Deng said during a previous interview. “Only when the crew returns to Earth will my mission be complete”. When training for Shenzhou XI mission carried out in 2016, Deng was confined in a spacecraft simulator no bigger than 10 square meters for 33days. They had no showers and endured loud noise and piercing light as they tried to sleep. No matter how difficult the road to space flight is, Deng never once thought of giving up. He was awarded the title “Role Model of the Times” by the Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China Central Committee in 2018. “Be it a crew or a backup, it is the job. And the success of the mission comes before my personal wishes,” Deng once said.1．What can we know about Deng Qingming?A．He belongs to the latest group of China’s astronauts.B．He will perform his first space mission onboard alone.C．His story wasn’t revealed to the public until last year.D．He was a backup crew member for no more than 20 years.2．What did Deng need to do as a backup?A．Test the spacecraft simulator and record the reaction.B．Give orders in the control center in case of emergency.C．Monitor astronauts’ training for on-coming space missions.D．Keep an eye on the on-going mission and provide assistance.3．Which words can best describe Deng?A．Determined and devoted. B．Creative and ambitious.C．Talented and distinguished. D．Hardworking and honest.4．What is the best title for the text?A．China’s Space Exploration Plan of This Year.B．Stay-at-home Taikonaut’s Dream Coming True.C．China’s Space Dream Deeply Rooted in Taikonauts.D．Shenzhou XV Spaceship Carrying Astronauts into Space.02（2023秋·湖南怀化·高三统考期末）The three astronauts on the Shenzhou XIV mission returned to Earth on Sunday evening after a six-month mission that completed the in-orbit assembly of the Tiangong space station.A re-entry capsule carrying the crew — Senior Colonel Chen Dong, the mission commander, Senior Colonel Liu Yang and Senior Colonel Cai Xuzhe — touched down on Earth at the Dongfeng Landing Site in northwestern China’s Gobi Desert at 8:09 p.m. after flying nearly nine hours in a re-entry orbit. This has become the first time that Chinese astronauts have returned to Earth at night. Ground recovery personnel soon opened the hatch (舱口) of the capsule and then conducted basic examination on the astronauts’ condition. The crew members told them that they “are feeling very good.”After preparatory work, ground personnel carried out the astronauts one by one to place them onto chairs in front of the capsule. A lot of equipment used in the recovery operation had been added with additional cold-proof layers to resist against the chilly temperatures in the landing region, as low as minus 14 degrees Celsius. In their chairs, the astronauts shared their feelings with a group of domestic reporters, saying they are proud of the motherland and the country’s space programs. Then they were moved into special care vehicles to take health checks. Carrying Chen’s team, the Shenzhou XIV spacecraft separated from the Tiangong station at 11:01 a.m. on Sunday. On Friday evening, the Shenzhou XIV team handed over the control of the Tiangong station to the Shenzhou XV crew.Chen’s crew is the third group of visitors to the Chinese station, one of the largest pieces of infrastructure that mankind has ever arranged in Earth’s orbit. The three astronauts were launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the northwestern Gobi Desert on June 5 and arrived at Tiangong later that day.After the departure of Shenzhou XIV, the Tiangong station currently consists of the Tianhe core module, the Wentian and Mengtian lab modules, the Shenzhou XV spacecraft and the Tianzhou 5 cargo ship. The station is now manned by the Shenzhou XV mission crew — Major General Fei Junlong, Senior Colonel Deng Qingming and Senior Colonel Zhang Lu, who arrived on Wednesday.5．What can we know according to Paragraph 2?A．Chinese astronauts have returned to Earth at night before.B．The astronauts were in good condition when landing on the earth.C．One astronaut was still in the space station to continue the mission.D．Upon getting out of the capsule, the astronauts were rushed to hospital.6．What did ground personnel do first?A．They wrapped equipment with cold-proof layers.B．They carried out the astronauts from the capsule.C．They shared their feelings with domestic reporters.D．They sent the three astronauts to take health checks.7．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?A．Current situations of the Tiangong station.B．Problems faced by the Tiangong Station.C．New missions for the Shenzhou XV crew.D．Future arrangement of the Tiangong Station.8．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?A．Entertainment. B．Health. C．Education. D．Science. 03（2022·四川广安·广安二中校考一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内的单词的正确形式。After serving as a backup crew member for 24 years, Chinese taikonaut Deng Qingming’s dream is___9___ (final) coming true — he is performing his first space mission onboard the Shenzhou XV spaceship along___10___two other astronauts.The name of Deng, 56 years old, was not known by many people until China ___11___(launch) the Shenzhou XIII spaceship in October last year. The story of the veteran (老兵) who relentlessly(坚韧地) pursued his space dream despite ___12___(serve) as a backup for years moved many.Born in a farming family in East China’s Jiangxi province, Deng has four ___13___(young) brothers and sisters. As a diligent student, Deng joined the PLA Air Force in June 1984 and ___14___ (assign) to a fighter jet regiment (团) in Jilin province in November 1987. Deng was selected with another 13 pilots in the PLA Air Force’s ___15___ (select) of astronaut candidates in 1996.In the following years, Deng dedicated almost all of his time to training and has spared no effort ___16___ (strive) for an opportunity to fly into space. No matter ___17___difficult the road to space flight is, Deng never once thought of giving up. He was awarded___18___title “Role Model of the Times” by the Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China Central Committee in 2018.04（2023秋·山东枣庄·高二统考期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The crew members of the Shenzhou XV mission, China’s 10th manned spaceflight, set out on their journey ____19____ the country’s Tiangong space station on Nov.29th.Deng Qingming, ____20____ was born in a farming family in East China’s Jiangxi province, has four younger brothers and sisters. ____21____ a hardworking student, Deng joined the PLA Air Force in June 1984 and started training as a pilot at a flight college in Hebei province. He became the first member of the PLA Astronaut Division in January 1998 ____22____ 13 other pilots. Deng is also the last one of the country’s first group of 14 astronauts to be sent into space.In the ____23____ (follow) years, Deng devoted almost all of his time to ____24____ (train) and has spared no effort to get ____25____ opportunity to fly into space.  He was a backup crew member for the Shenzhou IX, X and XI, XIII missions. No matter ____26____ difficult the road to space flight is, Deng never once thought of giving up. ____27____ (pursue) his space dream continuously, Deng Qingming finally realized his dream. The story of Deng Qingming moved many people, and he ____28____ (praise) as a “hidden hero”.05（江西省5市重点中学2022-2023学年高三下学期阶段性联考英语试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China has been pushing space exploration boundaries on its own over the past three decades. It embarked on (开始)a “three-step” strategy ____29____ (boost) its human space program in 1992 when ____30____ (construct) a manned orbiting laboratory was still a flight of fancy for the Chinese people. The first step was to send astronauts into space ____31____ ensure their safe return. The second step was to develop advanced space flight techniques and technologies, ____32____ included extravehicular(舱外的)activity and orbital docking(轨道对接).The ____33____ (three) step was to assemble and operate a permanent manned space station. In April 2021, the country ____34____ (official) kicked off the in-orbit construction of its space station by launching the core module Tianhe. “In the past 30 years, many technical difficulties ____35____ (overcome), such as the technologies of shuttling ____36____ space and Earth, extravehicular activity, rendezvous, and docking,” said Yang Liwei, the country’s first taikonaut in orbit since he ____37____ (enter) space with Shenzhou-5 in October 2003. So far, a total of 12 _____38_____ (astronaut) on four missions. Shenzhou-12, Shenzhou-13, Shenzhou-14,and Shenzhou-15, have participated in the in-orbit construction of the space station.06（2023·全国·高二专题练习）阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。China’s Mengtian space lab module, the third major part of the nation’s Tiangong space station,  ___39___ (launch) on Oct 31. It is recognized as another key step forward in completing the in-orbit assembly of Tiangong, ___40___ (take) construction into its final stage.Mengtian docked with Tianhe, the space station’s core module, early ___41___ the morning of Nov 1.The lab module is about 17.9 meters in length, ___42___ has a diameter of 4.2 meters and weighs more than 23 tons. Consisting of a work cabin, a cargo airlock cabin, a payload cabin and a resource cabin, it is currently the ___43___ (heavy) single-cabin active spacecraft in orbit.“There are 13 scientific cabinets inside ___44___ craft to hold scientific equipment,” said Gan Keli, Mengtian’s project manager at the Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology. He added that the equipment onboard would be used for microgravity studies and to carry out ___45___ (experiment) in fluid physics, materials science, and other ___46___ (relate) subjects.After the labs, the Tianzhou 5 cargo craft and the Shenzhou XV crew members are scheduled ___47___ (arrive) at the space station around the end of the year.The country plans to operate Tiangong for at least seven years, during which time it aims to keep it permanently occupied and ____48____ (potential) host commercial missions to the station.  参考答案：1．C    2．D    3．A    4．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍一名做了24年的后备宇航员邓清明，终于实现了他的梦想。1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The name of Deng, 56 years old, was not known by many people until China launched the Shenzhou XIII spaceship in October last year.(在去年10月中国发射神舟十三号飞船之前，56岁的邓清明的名字并不为很多人所知)”可知，邓清明的故事直到去年才向公众披露。故选C项。2．细节理解题。根据第四段中““Being a backup doesn’t mean you don’t need to work.  I must watch closely in the control center and offer all I know about the mission and the spacecraft in case of emergency,” Deng said during a previous interview. “Only when the crew returns to Earth will my mission be complete”.(“做后备宇航员并不意味着你不需要工作。我必须在控制中心密切监视，并提供我所知道的关于任务和飞船的一切，以防万一，”邓清明在之前的采访中说。“只有当机组人员返回地球时，我的任务才会完成。”)”可知，邓清明作为后备宇航员，他需要密切关注正在进行的任务并提供协助。故选D项。3．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“When training for Shenzhou XI mission carried out in 2016, Deng was confined in a spacecraft simulator no bigger than 10 square meters for 33days.  They had no showers and endured loud noise and piercing light as they tried to sleep.(在2016年执行神舟十一号任务的训练中，邓清明被关在一个不超过10平方米的航天器模拟器中长达33天。他们没有淋浴，在试图入睡时忍受着巨大的噪音和刺眼的光线)”以及倒数第二段中“No matter how difficult the road to space flight is, Deng never once thought of giving up.(无论太空飞行之路多么艰难，邓清明从未想过放弃)”可知，无论条件多么艰苦，邓清明都能坚持下去，他是有决心的，再根据最后一段““Be it a crew or a backup, it is the job.  And the success of the mission comes before my personal wishes,” Deng once said.(邓清明曾说：“无论是机组人员还是后备人员，这都是我的工作。这次任务的成功比我个人的愿望更重要。”)”可知，邓清明是一位乐于奉献的人，所以决心和奉献形容邓清明最恰当。故选A项。4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“After serving as a backup crew member for 24 years, Chinese taikonaut Deng Qingming’s dream finally came true—he performed his first space mission onboard the Shenzhou XV spaceship along with two other astronauts on Nov. 29.(在做了24年的后备宇航员后，中国宇航员邓清明的梦想终于实现了——11月29日，他与另外两名宇航员一起在神舟十五号飞船上执行了他的第一次太空任务)”可知，本文主要讲述了做了24年的后备宇航员邓清明，终于梦想成真，所以B项“Stay-at-home Taikonaut’s Dream Coming True.(后备航天员梦想成真)”是本文最好的标题。故选B项。5．B    6．B    7．A    8．D 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了神舟十四号飞船上三名宇航员于周日晚间返回地球。5．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Ground recovery personnel soon opened the hatch (舱口) of the capsule and then conducted basic examination on the astronauts’ condition. The crew members told them that they “are feeling very good.”(地面回收人员很快打开舱门，然后对航天员的状况进行了基本检查。机组人员告诉他们，他们“感觉非常好”)”可推知，宇航员着陆后的状态良好。故选B项。6．细节理解题。根据第三段中“After preparatory work, ground personnel carried out the astronauts one by one to place them onto chairs in front of the capsule.(经过准备工作，地面人员将航天员从太空舱中一个一个地抬出来安放在太空舱前面的椅子上)”可知，地面人员做好准备工作后，最先做的是把航天员从太空舱中抬出来。故选B项。7．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“After the departure of Shenzhou XIV, the Tiangong station currently consists of the Tianhe core module, the Wentian and Mengtian lab modules, the Shenzhou XV spacecraft and the Tianzhou 5 cargo ship.(神舟十四号飞船发射升空后，天宫站现时由天河核心舱、“问天”及“梦天”实验舱、“神舟十五号”飞船及“天舟五号”货船组成)”可知，本段主要讲述了天宫站现在的组成。故选A项。8．推理判断题。通读全文，同时根据文章第一段“The three astronauts on the Shenzhou XIV mission returned to Earth on Sunday evening after a six-month mission that completed the in-orbit assembly of the Tiangong space station.(在完成了为期六个月的天宫空间站在轨组装任务后，神舟十四号飞船上的的三名宇航员于周日晚间返回地球)”可知，文章主要讲述了神舟十四号飞船上三名宇航员于周日晚间返回地球。由此推知，文章可能是来自报纸的科学版块。故选D项。 9．finally    10．with    11．launched    12．serving    13．younger    14．was assigned    15．selection    16．to strive    17．how    18．the 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了中国宇航员邓清明坚持不懈，努力实现自己的航天梦的故事。9．考查副词。句意：中国宇航员邓清明在担任了24年的候补宇航员之后，他的梦想终于实现了——他将和另外两名宇航员一起在神舟十五号飞船上执行他的首次太空任务。修饰动词用副词，空后come为动词，所以此处用副词finally，故填finally。10．考查介词。句意：中国宇航员邓清明在担任了24年的候补宇航员之后，他的梦想终于实现了——他将和另外两名宇航员一起在神舟十五号飞船上执行他的首次太空任务。短语：along with“与……一起”，结合空处前后提示，故填with。11．考查时态。句意：直到去年10月中国发射神舟十三号飞船，56岁的邓清明的名字才为许多人所知。分析可知，空处在句中作时间状语从句中的谓语，结合从句中“in October last year”，所以空处用一般过去时，故填launched。12．考查动名词。句意：这位老兵的故事让许多人深受感动，尽管多年来他一直担任后备队员，但他仍坚持不懈地追求自己的太空梦想。despite“尽管”为介词，其后跟动名词。故填serving。13．考查比较级。句意：邓出生在中国东部江西省的一个农民家庭，有四个弟弟妹妹。根据句意可知，此处指四个弟弟妹妹，所以空处用比较级younger，故填younger。14．考查时态和语态。句意：作为一名勤奋的学生，邓于1984年6月加入解放军空军，并于1987年11月被分配到吉林省的一个战斗机团。and为并列连词，结合joined可知，这里的时态为一般过去时；主语Deng为第三人称单数，与动词assign为动宾关系，所以语态用被动。故填was assigned。15．考查名词。句意：1996年，邓与另外13名飞行员一起被选入中国人民解放军空军航天员候选人名单。形容词修饰名词，结合句中“in the PLA Air Force’s ”，空前为所有格，相当于形容词，所以空处用名词selection，作宾语。故填selection。16．考查非谓语。句意：在接下来的几年里，邓几乎把他所有的时间都用于训练，并不遗余力地争取一个飞入太空的机会。短语：spare no effort to do sth.“为了做某事不遗余力”，所以空处用不定式表示目的，故填to strive。17．考查让步状语从句。句意：无论通往太空的道路有多么艰难，邓从未想过放弃。此处为“no matter+特殊疑问词”引导的让步状语从句，difficult“困难的”为形容词，所以用how，故填how。18．考查冠词。句意：2018年被中共中央宣传部授予“时代楷模”称号。title“头衔，称号”，结合句意，这里表示特指，故填the。 19．to    20．who    21．As    22．with    23．following    24．training    25．an    26．how    27．Pursuing    28．was praised 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，文章介绍了航天员邓清明的励志故事。19．考查介词。句意：11月29日，中国第十次载人航天飞行神舟十五号的机组人员启程前往天宫空间站。此处表示启程前往天宫空间站，表示“去……地方”，因此需要使用介词to。故填to。20．考查定语从句。句意：邓清明出生在中国东部江西省的一个农民家庭，他有四个弟弟和妹妹。分析句子结构可知，此处位于名称之后，修饰名词因此为定语从句，有逗号与前句隔开，因此为非限制性定语从句，先行词为人，在从句中作主语，因此，需要使用关系代词who。故填who21．考查介词。句意：作为一名勤奋的学生，邓于1984年6月加入中国人民解放军空军，并开始在河北省的一所飞行学院接受飞行员训练。分析句子结构可知，此处需要填入介词，表示“作为……”，因此用介词as；位于句首首字母大写。故填As。22．考查介词。句意：1998年1月，他与其他13名飞行员一起成为解放军航天员师的第一个成员。分析句意可知，此处表示“和……一起”，因此用介词with。故填with。23．考查形容词。句意：在接下来的几年里，邓把几乎所有的时间都用于训练，并不遗余力地争取进入太空的机会。分析句子结构可知，此处位于名词之前修饰名词，因此需要用形容词。故填following。24．考查非谓语动词。句意：在接下来的几年里，邓把几乎所有的时间都用于训练，并不遗余力地争取进入太空的机会。因为devote to中to是介词，所以后接动名词形式，为固定用法。故填training。25．考查冠词。句意：在接下来的几年里，邓把几乎所有的时间都用于训练，并不遗余力地争取进入太空的机会。分析句子结构可知，此处位于可数名词单数之前，因此需要使用冠词，此处特泛指一次几乎，因此需要使用冠词，位于元音音素之前，因此使用an。故填an。26．考查让步状语从句。句意：无论飞天之路有多艰难，邓清明从未想过放弃。分析句子结构可知，此处应用no matter how引导让步状语从句，表“无论怎么样”为no matter how。故填how。27．考查非谓语动词。句意：不断追求自己的太空梦，邓清明终于实现了自己的梦想。分析句子结构可知，句子中已经有谓语动词，因此需要填入非谓语动词，此处与逻辑主语之间为主动关系，因此用现在分词。故填Pursing。28．考查被动语态。句意：邓清明的故事感动了很多人，他被誉为“隐形英雄”。分析句子结构可知，此处需要填入谓语动词，动词与主语之间为被动关系，表示“被誉为”，发生在过去，因此使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was praised。 29．to boost    30．constructing    31．and    32．which    33．third    34．officially    35．have been overcome    36．between    37．entered    38．astronauts 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的载人航天计划“三步走”战略。29．考查非谓语动词。句意：1992年，中国开始实施“三步走”战略来推进载人航天计划，当时建造载人轨道实验室对中国人来说还是一个幻想。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，设空处只能填非谓语动词形式；结合句意可知，推进载人航天计划是实施“三步走”战略的目的，此处应用to do不定式。故填to boost。30．考查非谓语动词。句意：1992年，中国开始实施“三步走”战略来推进载人航天计划，当时建造载人轨道实验室对中国人来说还是一个幻想。分析句子可知，设空处和后面的a manned orbiting laboratory整个短语在句中作主语，应用动名词形式。故填constructing。31．考查并列连词。句意：第一步是将宇航员送入太空并确保他们安全返回。分析句子可知，设空处前面的send astronauts into space和后面的ensure their safe return为并列结构，表示“将宇航员送入太空并确保他们安全返回”，应用并列连词and。故填and。32．考查定语从句。句意：第二步是发展先进的空间飞行技术和技术，包括舱外活动和轨道对接。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个从句，修饰前面的space flight techniques and technologies，这是一个非限制戏定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词表示物，应用which引导。故填which。33．考查数词。句意：第三步是组装和运行一个永久性载人空间站。根据上文的The first step和The second step可知，此处与前面保持一致，表示“第三步”，应用序数词。故填third。34．考查副词。句意：2021年4月，我国发射了天河号核心舱，正式启动了空间站在轨建设。分析句子可知，设空处在句中修饰动词短语kicked off，作状语，应用副词；official的副词形式为officially，表示“官方地、正式地”。故填officially。35．考查动词时态语态。句意：杨利伟说：“在过去的30年里，我们已经克服了许多技术难题，比如空间与地球之间的穿梭技术、舱外活动技术、交会对接技术。”分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，应用动词；主语为many technical difficulties，与动词overcome之间为被动关系，应用被动语态be done结构；结合时间状语In the past 30 years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语为复数形式，故助动词使用have。故填have been overcome。36．考查固定搭配。句意：杨利伟说：“在过去的30年里，我们已经克服了许多技术难题，比如空间与地球之间的穿梭技术、舱外活动技术、交会对接技术。”shuttle between A and B为固定搭配，表示“（在两地之间）往返运送”。故填between。37．考查动词时态。句意：自2003年10月神舟五号进入太空以来，杨利伟是我国第一位进入轨道的宇航员。分析句子可知，设空处在since引导的时间状语从句中作谓语，应用动词；结合时间状语in October 2003可知，此处表示过去发生的事，用一般过去时。故填entered。38．考查名词。句意：到目前为止，共有12名宇航员执行了四次任务。根据前面的数字12可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。故填astronauts。 39．was launched    40．taking    41．on    42．which    43．heaviest    44．the    45．experiments    46．related    47．to arrive    48．potentially 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章报道了10月31日中国梦天实验舱发射成功，并对梦天实验舱的概况做了简要介绍。39．考查被动语态。句意：10月31日，中国天宫空间站的第三个主要部件“梦天”空间实验室模块发射升空。分析句子结构，谓语动词launch 与主语China’s Mengtian space lab module 之间是被动关系，要使用被动语态，再根据下文提到的动作发生的时间判断使用一般过去时，故填was launched。40．考查非谓语动词。句意：这被认为是完成天宫在轨组装又向前迈出了关键一步，使主体建构进入了最后阶段。分析句子结构可知应填入现在分词作结果状语，以作为上文的一个很自然的结果， 故填taking。41．考查介词。句意：11月1日凌晨，梦天实验舱与空间站核心模块天和核心舱对接成功。因为morning后面有具体的日期，指的是具体某一天的早上，故填on。42．考查连词。句意：梦天实验舱大约17.9米长，直径4.2米，重量超过23吨。分析句子结构，可知应填入关系代词引导定语从句并做主语，先行词是the lab module，因为空白处前面有逗号，不可使用that做引导词，故填which。43．考查形容词最高级。句意：梦天实验舱由工作舱、载荷舱、货物气闸舱和资源舱组成，是我国目前在轨运行重量最大的单个航天器。根据空白处前面的定冠词the可知应填入形容词的最高级形式，故填heaviest。44．考查冠词。句意：上海航天技术研究院梦天实验舱责任总指挥甘克力说：“梦天实验舱内共有13个机柜用来存放科学实验设备”。因为craft 属于在本文中第二次提到，根据冠词的使用规则：第二次提到的人或物的名称前要使用定冠词，故填the。45．考查名词的单复数。句意：他接着说：“舱内设备将用于微重力研究以及开展流体物理、材料科学以及其他的相关实验”。由下文可知要开展一系列实验，要是用名词的复数，故填experiments。46．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。根据后面的名词可知应填入现在分词或过去分词作定语，又因为relate 和subjects 之间是被动关系，应使用过去分词，故填related。47．考查非谓语动词。在梦天实验舱发射成功后，天舟五号货运飞船和神舟十五号乘组人员计划大约年底抵达空间站。be scheduled to do 为固定搭配，含义为“按照计划做某事”，故填to arrive。48．考查副词用法。句意：我国计划保持天宫空间站运行至少七年。在此期间保持它的长期有人驻留模式并在可能的情况下在舱内主办商业活动。分析句子结构可知应填入副词修饰谓语动词host。故填potentially。