Unit 4 单元话题七选五专项练习-高一英语必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版）

Unit 4单元话题七选五专项练习
(名校最新真题)
（2022·辽宁·高一期末）China is one of the countries with the most serious natural disasters in the world. There are many kinds of disasters, with wide distribution, high frequency and heavy losses. In the background of global climate change, major natural disasters occur from time to time. ____1____ It makes China face even much severe and complex situation. In order to rase the awareness of disaster prevention and minimize the losses, warnings and instructions are give to the public. ____2____ Let’s have a look.
Fire
When a fire breaks out, smoke threatens mostly. ____3____ Roll on the ground if you find your clothes on fire. It is too dangerous to take the elevator in this situation, so it is better to use a bundle of rope and safely slide down from the balcony. Jumping off the building blindly will cause serious injuries.
Mud-rock flow
Rainstorm may cause mud-rock flow, an it’s really dangerous to stay downstream. When you try to escape from it, instead of going along the bottom of the ditch, it is much wiser to climb up the mountain horizontally quickly. Please escape from ditch when selecting camping field. It’s important to check the weather when going into the mountain
Flood
____4____ We could use a wooden bed or table to make a raft and tie it to a big tree with a safety.   rope. We have to prepare food and warm clothes to get through it.
Lightning strike
On cloudy and rainy days, a lightning strike may happen. ____5____ Of course, you also should stay away from iron tower poles. We need to pay attention to it even when we stay at home. Close the doors, windows and cut off the power.
A．Cut off the power and shut off water sources.
B．Please don’t stand under the tree in such kind of weather.
C．Try to find a higher place, but staying on a roof isn’t a good choice.
D．First you need to take shelter, then find a gap under the table or bed.
E．Losses caused by natural disaster in China are continuously increasing.
F．They also play a part in popularize the knowledge and self-rescue skills.
G．In that case, please cover your nose and your mouth with a wet towel.
（2022·辽宁·高一期末）In 2004, a tsunami (海啸) around the Indian Ocean killed at least 25000 people across a dozen countries. The huge death was in part caused by the fact that many communities received no warming. ____6____
Yet in the minutes and hours before the walls of water up to 9m high went through coastlines, some animals seemed to sense the coming danger and make efforts to flee. Elephants ran for higher ground, and chickens abandoned low-lying nesting areas.____7____ .These accounts about animal behavior before disasters have inspired some researchers to devote serious scientific attention to the theory that animals may have inbuilt systems which can predict the upcoming natural disasters.
The researchers found evidence that the farm animals began to change their behavior up to 20 hours before an earthquake.____8____ Just two weeks before the earthquake, a series of strong perturbations (扰动) happened in local atmospheric electric charges every two to four minutes.
China has already created a Quake Alert system in Nanning, monitoring the behavior of animals much closer to the ground – specifically, snakes. “____9____ ”Jiang Weisong, the director of the organization said. “When an earthquake is about to occur, snakes will move out of their nests, even in winter.”
____10____ . And even if they do help, animal movements alone are unlikely to be enough to provide. People will need to rely on a combination of early warning signals to get the full picture.
A．Even dogs refused to go outdoors
B．Snakes are perhaps the most sensitive creatures to earthquakes
C．Local manmade early warning systems failed to raise any clear alarm
D．Some animals will make noise to tell the human beings of the accident
E．And scientists also found what might lead to the changes in local animal behavior
F．Finally we should make full use of the animal early warning systems in scientific research
G．Not all experts think that animal early warning systems are a reliable option for predicting disasters

（2022·广西河池·高一期末）Unlike hurricanes or floods, earthquakes happen without warning and are usually followed by similar aftershocks, although the aftershocks are usually less powerful than the quake. If you find yourself in the middle of an earthquake, there’s often only a short time to decide what to do. ___11___
● Drop to the ground. The drop, cover, and hold on technique is the cousin of the famous “stop, drop and roll” for fires. While it’s not the only method of protecting yourself indoors during an earthquake, it is the preferred method of the Red Cross. Big earthquakes occur without much, if any, warning. ___12___ A small earthquake could turn into a big earthquake in a split-second; it’s better to be safe than sorry.
● Take cover. Get under a firm table or other piece of furniture. ___13___ If there isn’t a table or desk near you, cover your face and head with your arms and crouch (蜷缩) in an inside corner of the building.
● Hold on. ___14___ Hold on to whatever surface or platform you’ve gotten under and wait for the shaking to stop. If you were unable to find a surface to hide under, continue to keep your head protected by your arms and tucked (躲藏，隐藏) down low.
● ___15___ Researchers have shown that most injuries happen when people try to change the place of hiding or when the place is crowded and everyone has a goal to get outside safe.
A．Stay inside until it’s safe to get out.
B．In that case, move to the nearest safe place.
C．Stairs are dangerous places to walk during an earthquake.
D．So it’s recommended that you drop to the floor as soon as it hits.
E．If possible, stay away from windows and anything that could fall.
F．The ground maybe shaking and pieces of wood or brick could be falling.
G．Studying the following advice could be the difference between life and death.

（2022·山东·青岛城阳京华学校高一期末）A tsunami is a series of huge waves that can kill many people and destroy a whole country. A terrible tsunami disaster happened on December 26, 2004. ____16____ It is said that it might not be the worst and a future tsunami in the Indian Ocean could affect Singapore, Somalia, Western Australia, and many other places.
The word “tsunami” comes from Japanese words. A tsunami can be caused by natural phenomenon such as landslides, volcanic eruptions, large asteroid impacts (小行星撞击地球), and earthquakes occurring underwater or close to a body of water. ____17____
A tsunami usually cannot be seen while it travels through deep water. ____18____ On December 26, 2004, some people saw the sea suddenly disappeared just before the waves came and knew that something was wrong. Some people managed to run fast from it and survived, but many people, who did not see any signs or did not run fast enough, died.
____19____ If you are in a coastal area where the water suddenly draws back, the only chance of survival is to run for high ground or for the high floors of high-rise buildings. But because it moves too fast for people to run from it, only those who are lucky manage to survive.
Since the tsunami of 2004, many people know more about tsunami. ____20____
A．The event forced officials to develop a better tsunami warning system.
B．It could also be caused by nuclear weapons that are exploded at sea.
C．It travels fast underwater, sometimes up to about 1,000 kilometers per hour.
D．The next time a tsunami strikes, hopefully more people will be able to survive.
E．Tsunami is a Japanese word for a harmful ocean wave caused by an undersea earthquake.
F．As a tsunami gets close to the shore, it becomes a series of waves up to 150 meters high.
G．On that day, a huge tsunami swept through the Indian Ocean killing about 300,000 people.

（2022·陕西商洛·高一期末）The aftermath (后果) of an earthquake can be horrible, but it is important that you are attentive and focused after an earthquake happens. Fires, gas leaks, and injuries are all dangers you might face after an earthquake.___21___By assessing the safety of your location and following the directions of local authorities, your chances of surviving the aftermath of an earthquake will be much higher.
Check yourself for injuries. ___22___ If you’re bleeding, lift your injury up and put pressure on it. If your injury is serious, call for help using a cellphone or try to get rescuers’ attention.
___23___ Use a cellphone to call for help if you have one. If you can’t use a phone, try knocking loudly on something nearby until rescuers find you.
Aftershocks are smaller earthquakes which follow the main shock of an earthquake.___24___ So you should prepare to move to a safe location, like an open outdoor space or a structurally sound building.
Exit the building and go to a safer place once the shaking has stopped. The structure of the building you’re in may have been weakened by the main earthquake.___25___
A．Signal for help if you are trapped.
B．They can cause significant damage.
C．Remain calm as the earthquake occurs.
D．The more prepared you are, the safer you’ll be.
E．Make sure you’re not seriously hurt before you do anything.
F．After the earthquake, you must get medical treatment in time.
G．Therefore, you should leave as soon as possible in case of any aftershocks.

（2022·海南·嘉积中学高一期末）It is impossible to stop a hurricane or make it change its way, so if you ever find yourself in the path of a hurricane, ____26____.
Be sure you have a battery-powered radio, full-charged mobile phones, fresh drinking water and a supply of food. ____27____, be sure you have full supply.
Tell neighbors, friends and family members your emergency plans. Tell them where you’ll go if you need to leave your home.
If you live near the ocean, in low-lying area, or in a mobile home, ____28____. You could stay with a friend or family member in an inland hotel or motel, or in an emergency shelter area.
Keep listening to the radio if a hurricane is approaching. If local authorities instruct you to evacuate, do it immediately.____29____. If the electricity goes out, the fuel pumps at gas stations will not work.
____30____. You could be seriously injured if you go outside.
You should always take good care of your pets and keep them indoors during a storm. If you have to evacuate your home, remember that pets are not allowed in most emergency shelters and hotel rooms.
A．Stay inside during the storm.
B．Leave your home and travel inland to a safe place.
C．Before a hurricane arrives,be sure your family’s car is filled with fuel.
D．Be sure to follow the safety tips below
E．Also, if anyone of your family needs special medicine
F．Keep calm during the storm.
G．Head for a safer place and stay indoors.

（2021·甘肃·嘉峪关市第一中学高一期中）In the spring and summer months, thunderstorms are common. ___31___In thunderstorms, lightning can strike (击中) people and buildings and is very dangerous.
It was reported that a man was struck by lightning when he was making a phone call under a tree. He died at once. You may not know it, but nearly 1,800 thunderstorms are happening at any moment around the world. ____32____ So what should you do during a lightning storm? Scientists say that a person’s chances of being struck by lightning are 1 in 600,000. ___33___
If you are indoors during a thunderstorm:
＊Stay away from anything that is metal because lightning can come into the house through it.
＊Don’t stand near the windows.
＊Don’t take a shower or bath. Lightning can travel through water.
＊Never use the phone.___34___
If you are caught in a thunderstorm outdoors:
＊ _____35_____ .   If there’s no building around, try to find a low place to stay in.
＊Do not go under a tree because the lightning could hit the tree and travel through the tree to hit you.
＊Never use a cell phone.
A．Try to get home as soon as possible.
B．Since they happen often, some people don’t take them seriously.
C．Lightning could travel through the phone line and hit you.
D．In fact, many people are killed by lightning every year.
E．But you can reduce (减少) those chances by following these safety rules.
F．But it is very important for us to learn about lightning.
G．Go into a nearby building or car right away.

（2022·全国·高一单元测试）Swim safely!
Swimming is great exercise, and a trip to a pool or beach is a good way to have fun with friends in summer. ____36____, so it’s important to stay safe as you do it. Here are a few things you can do to swim safely.
____37____. Don’t swim unless there is a life guard at work. If you’re on a beach near the ocean, this is especially. In some places fast-flowing water can move swimmers away without warning. So if a sign says “no swimming”, pay attention to it.
Be careful when diving（跳入）into the water headfirst. ____38____. In natural water, don’t dive unless you know that the water is deep enough. Or you could hurt your head on the bottom, causing injury or death.
Around water, adults should watch children at all times to make sure they are safe. Those who don’t know how to swim should wear life jackets. But by themselves they are not enough, so an adult should always be present. If you have to rescue a child from drowning（淹）,a few seconds can make a big difference.
Make sure you have a friend with you whenever you swim. ____39____, that person can make sure you get help.
Drink a lot water. The sun’s heat   and the physical activity may make you sweat（出汗）more than you realize.
By following these simple rules, you can make sure your swim time is safe as well as fun. ____40____!
A．That way if something goes wrong
B．Now get out there, and enjoy the water
C．Swim only in areas set apart for swimming
D．Make sure everyone in your family swim well
E．But sometimes swimming can also be very dangerous
F．Most pools have marked deep ends where diving is safe
G．Many children who drown in home pools were out of sight within minutes


参考答案：
1．E    2．F    3．G    4．C    5．B
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种重大自然灾害下的防灾自救知识。
1．前文“In the background of global climate change, major natural disasters occur from time to time. (在全球气候变化的背景下，重大自然灾害时有发生)”以及后文“It makes China face even much severe and complex situation. (这使中国面临更加严峻和复杂的形势)”故E项“中国自然灾害造成的损失不断增加。”承接上文有许多自然灾害，损失不断增加引出下文面临更严峻和复杂的形式。故选E项。
2．前文“In order to rase the awareness of disaster prevention and minimize the losses, warnings and instructions are give to the public. (为了提高防灾意识，最大限度地减少损失，政府向公众发出警告和指示)”故F项“他们还在普及知识和自救技能方面发挥了作用。”与前文为并列关系。故选F项。
3．前文“When a fire breaks out, smoke threatens mostly. (当火灾发生时，烟雾威胁最大)”故G项“那样的话，请用湿毛巾捂住鼻子和嘴巴。”是火灾发生时避免烟雾威胁的措施。故选G项。
4．结合小标题“Flood(洪水)”可知，本段主要讲述洪水来临时的办法。故C项“试着找一个更高的地方，但是呆在屋顶上不是一个好的选择。”符合此处洪水来临时的语境。故选C项。
5．前文“On cloudy and rainy days, a lightning strike may happen. (在阴天和雨天，可能会发生雷击)”故B项“在这样的天气里，请不要站在树下。”符合此处语境，下雨天站在树下十分危险。故选B项。
6．C    7．A    8．E    9．B    10．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。在发生自然灾害时，动物会出现一些异常行为进行预警，我们应该关注动物发出的灾害警告。
6．设空处位于段末，上文主要讲了印度洋发生的海啸造成了重大损失，下文第二段首句“Yet in the minutes and hours before the walls of water up to 9m high went through coastlines, some animals seemed to sense the coming danger and make efforts to flee.”出现转折，提到了灾难爆发前，一些动物感觉到了危险，由此可知上文段末句应与本句对应，与“动物预警”对应的应该是“人的预警”。C项“Local manmade early warning systems failed to raise any clear alarm.(当地的人工预警系统未能发出清晰的警报。)”一方面与上文提到的灾难对应，另一方面“manmade early warning system”与下文的“animals seemed to sense the coming danger”对应。故选C项。
7．上文“Elephants ran for higher ground, and chickens abandoned low-lying nesting areas.”提到了大象和鸡在灾难发生前的反应；下文“These accounts about animal behavior before disasters have inspired some researchers to devote serious scientific attention to the theory that animals may have inbuilt systems which can predict the upcoming natural disasters.”提到了这些动物在灾难发生前的行为引起了研究人员的关注，属于总结性的话语，由此可推知，中间还提到一类动物的反应。A项“Even dogs refused to go outdoors.(就连狗也不愿出门。)”恰好与上文存在递进关系。故选A项。
8．上文“The researchers found evidence that the farm animals began to change their behavior up to 20 hours before an earthquake.”提到了研究人员发现地震前一些家畜会出现异常行为。下文“Just two weeks before the earthquake, a series of strong perturbations (扰动) happened in local atmospheric electric charges every two to four minutes.”提到了地震发生前两周，当地大气电荷每两到四分钟就会发生强烈扰动，这是在分析动物行为异常的原因，故前后之间需要一个过渡句。E项“And scientists also found what might lead to the changes in local animal behavior.(科学家们还发现了可能导致当地动物行为变化的原因。)”中的“And scientists also found”与上文“scientists found”对应，“what might lead to the changes”与下文的内容对应。故选E项。
9．上文“China has already created a Quake Alert system in Nanning, monitoring the behavior of animals much closer to the ground – specifically, snakes.”提到了中国建立了地震预警系统，监测动物，尤其是蛇的行为；下文“When an earthquake is about to occur, snakes will move out of their nests, even in winter.”提到了蛇在地震发生前的特殊行为；由此可知，设空处还是在谈与蛇有关的事。B项“Snakes are perhaps the most sensitive creatures to earthquakes.(蛇可能是对地震最敏感的生物。)”与上下文对应。故选B项。
10．设空处位于段首，故需具有统领下文的作用。下文“And even if they do help, animal movements alone are unlikely to be enough to provide. People will need to rely on a combination of early warning signals to get the full picture.”提到了即使动物预警有帮助，但仅仅依靠动物运动来预警也不够，人类也需要依靠预警信号充分掌握具体情况。由此可推知，前面应该是提到有些人怀疑动物预警的可靠性。G项“Not all experts think that animal early warning systems are a reliable option for predicting disasters.(并非所有专家都认为动物早期预警系统是预测灾害的可靠选择)”恰好与下文具体内容对应。故选G项。
11．G    12．D    13．E    14．F    15．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几条地震时该如何反应的建议。
11．上文“If you find yourself in the middle of an earthquake, there’s often only a short time to decide what to do.(如果你发现自己身处地震之中，通常只有很短的时间来决定该做什么)”说明身处地震中，决定该做什么的时间很短，G项“研究以下建议可能是生与死的区别。”承接上文，引出下文内容，符合题意。故选G。
12．本段标题句“Drop to the ground.(卧倒在地上)”说明本段给出的建议是卧倒在地，D项中drop to the floor是关键短语，D项“所以建议地震一发生你就卧倒在地。”符合本段主旨。故选D。
13．本段标题句“Take cover.(躲起来)”说明本段给出的建议是躲起来，以及上文“Get under a firm table or other piece of furniture.(躲到坚硬的桌子或其他家具下面)”说明躲起来时应注意的事项，E项“如果可能的话，远离窗户和任何可能坠落的物体。”继续介绍躲起来时的注意事项，符合题意。故选E。
14．下文“Hold on to whatever surface or platform you’ve gotten under and wait for the shaking to stop.(固守你已经到达的任何表面或平台下边，等待震动停止)”说明要待在相对安全的地方，等待震动停止，F项“地面可能会晃动，木块或砖块可能会掉落。”解释下文动作的原因，符合题意。故选F。
15．下文“Researchers have shown that most injuries happen when people try to change the place of hiding or when the place is crowded and everyone has a goal to get outside safe.(研究人员已经表明，大多数伤害发生在人们试图改变躲藏地点，或当这个地方很拥挤，每个人都有一个目标，以安全逃出的时候)”说明大多数伤害发生在人们试图改变躲藏的地点或者每个人都想出去时，A项“待在里面，直到出去是安全的。”说明在确认安全之前待在里面，引出下文内容，符合题意。故选A。
16．G    17．B    18．C    19．F    20．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是海啸这种自然灾害。
16．空前说“A terrible tsunami disaster happened on December 26, 2004.(2004年12月26日发生了一场可怕的海啸灾难。)”，空后说“It is said that it might not be the worst(据说这可能不是最糟糕的)”，因此空格处应该说2004年12月26日的海啸所导致的严重后果，G选项“On that day, a huge tsunami swept through the Indian Ocean killing about 300,000 people.(那天，一场巨大的海啸席卷了印度洋，造成30万人死亡。)”说明了前面描述的海啸的严重后果，因此符合语境，故选G。
17．空前说“A tsunami can be caused by natural phenomenon such as landslides, volcanic eruptions, large asteroid impacts (小行星撞击地球), and earthquakes occurring underwater or close to a body of water.(海啸可能是由自然现象引起的，如山体滑坡、火山爆发、大型小行星撞击以及发生在水下或水体附近的地震。)”，B选项“It could also be caused by nuclear weapons that are exploded at sea.(它也可能是由在海上爆炸的核武器引起的。)”中的“could also be caused by”和前面的“can be caused by”相呼应，说明了导致海啸的另外的原因，因此B选项承接上文，符合语境，故选B。
18．空后说“On December 26, 2004, some people saw the sea suddenly disappeared just before the waves came and knew that something was wrong.(2004年12月26日，在海浪到来，人们知道出事之前，一些人看到大海突然消失了。)”，说明海啸的速度很快，C选项“It travels fast underwater, sometimes up to about 1,000 kilometers per hour.(它在水下的速度很快，有时可以达到每小时1000公里。)”说明了海啸的速度很快，和后文内容承接，符合语境，故选C。
19．空后说“If you are in a coastal area where the water suddenly draws back, the only chance of survival is to run for high ground or for the high floors of high-rise buildings.(如果你在水突然退来的沿海地区，唯一的生存机会是跑向高地或高层建筑的高层。)”，F选项“As a tsunami gets close to the shore, it becomes a series of waves up to 150 meters high.(当海啸靠近海岸时，它会形成一系列高达150米的海浪。)”中的“gets close to the shore”和后文的“a coastal area where the water suddenly draws back”相呼应，说明了海啸引起的浪很巨大，且和后文的“the only chance of survival is to run”相呼应，因此F选项引起下文，符合语境，故选F。
20．空前说“Since the tsunami of 2004, many people know more about tsunami.(自从2004年的海啸之后，很多人对海啸有了更多的了解。)”，空后应说人们更多地了解海啸将会有什么好处，D选项“The next time a tsunami strikes, hopefully more people will be able to survive.(下次海啸来袭时，希望有更多的人能够幸存。)”说明了作者希望人们更多地了解海啸，好找到方法幸存，承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
21．D    22．E    23．A    24．B    25．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了地震后应该注意的危险以及应采取的自救方式。
21．下文“By assessing the safety of your location and following the directions of local authorities, your chances of surviving the aftermath of an earthquake will be much higher.(通过评估您所在位置的安全性并遵循地方当局的指示，您在地震后幸存的几率将大大提高)”说明如果提前做准备，那么地震后幸存的几率会更高，D项“你准备得越充分，就越安全。”引出下文，符合题意。故选D。
22．上文“Check yourself for injuries.(检查自己是否受伤)”说明需要检查自己的身体状况，E项“在你做任何事情之前，确保你没有受到严重伤害。”进一步说明要先检查自己身体是否受伤，然后才能采取行动，符合题意。故选E。
23．下文“Use a cellphone to call for help if you have one. If you can’t use a phone, try knocking loudly on something nearby until rescuers find you.(如果你有手机，请用手机打电话求救。如果你不能使用电话，试着大声敲打附近的东西，直到救援人员找到你)”说明要采取方式发出求救信号，A项“如果你被困，发出求救信号。”引出下文，符合题意。故选A。
24．上文“Aftershocks are smaller earthquakes which follow the main shock of an earthquake.(余震是继主震之后发生的较小地震)”说明地震之后还可能发生余震，B项中They指代上文中的余震，B项“它们可能会造成重大损害。”说明余震的危害性，承接上文，符合题意。故选B。
25．上文“The structure of the building you’re in may have been weakened by the main earthquake.(你所在的大楼的结构可能已经被主震削弱了)”说明地震后大楼变得不安全，G项“因此，你应该尽可能快地离开以防有任何余震发生。”说明应该采取的正确方式，符合题意。故选G。
26．D    27．E    28．B    29．C    30．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些在飓风发生时需要遵循的安全提示。
26．根据上文“It is impossible to stop a hurricane or make it change its way, so if you ever find yourself in the path of a hurricane(阻止飓风或改变它的方式是不可能的，所以如果你发现自己正处于飓风的路径上)”和下文的大概内容可知这一句可作为文章的中心句，放在首段的最后一句，引出下文的内容。D项：Be sure to follow the safety tips below(一定要遵循下面的安全提示)符合语境。故选D。
27．根据上文“Be sure you have a battery-powered radio, full-charged mobile phones, fresh drinking water and a supply of food.( 确保你有一个电池供电的收音机，充满电的手机，新鲜的饮用水和充足的食物。)”和下文“be sure you have full supply（保证你有足够的供应)”可知，前句有Be sure you have..., 后句也是be sure you have full supply（保证你有足够的供应)，是进一步阐述发生的需要供应充足的情况，所以E选项中的Also连接适当，另外在危机中，什么情况下保证有足够供应呢？当然是需要药物的时候。E项：Also, if anyone of your family needs special medicine(还有，如果你家里有人需要特殊药物)符合语境。故选E。
28．根据上文“If you live near the ocean, in low-lying area, or in a mobile home (如果你住在海边，低洼地区，或者住在活动房)”和下文“You could stay with a friend or family member in an inland hotel or motel, or in an emergency shelter area.(你可以和朋友或家人一起住在内陆的酒店或汽车旅馆，或在紧急避难所。)”可知，前文说如果你住在海边、低处或移动的房子，后文接着说你得和朋友或家人待在内陆inland的宾馆等地方，所以自然中间也是要离开去到安全的地方。B项：Leave your home and travel inland to a safe place(离开你的家，到内陆一个安全的地方旅行)符合语境。故选B。
29．根据上文“If local authorities instruct you to evacuate, do it immediately.(如果当地政府指示疏散，请立即撤离。)”和下文“If the electricity goes out, the fuel pumps at gas stations will not work.(如果停电，加油站的油泵就无法工作。)”可知，上文说如果当地权威部门让你撤离，赶紧撤离。下文是如果没电了，汽油站是没法加油（fuel）的，因此可知撤离之前，趁飓风来之前，赶紧加“fuel”。C项：Before a hurricane arrives, be sure your family’s car is filled with fuel.(在飓风到来之前，确保你家里的车装满了燃料。)符合语境。故选C。
30．空处为段落主题句。根据下文“You could be seriously injured if you go outside.(如果你出去，你可能会受重伤。)”可知，本段主要建议刮风的时候要待在屋里。A项：Stay inside during the storm.(暴风雨期间呆在室内。)符合语境。故选A。
31．B    32．D    33．E    34．C    35．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了雷暴的危害性以及减少雷暴伤害的安全措施。
31．根据上文“In the spring and summer months, thunderstorms are common.”可知，在春季和夏季，雷暴是常见的。关键词common和B项中的happen often对应，B项“Since they happen often, some people don’t take them seriously.（由于这种情况经常发生，有些人并不把它们当回事）”符合上下文逻辑，起到承上启下的作用。故选B。
32．根据上文“You may not know it, but nearly 1,800 thunderstorms are happening at any moment around the world. （那么你可能不知道，但全世界随时都有近1800场雷暴发生。）”和下文“So what should you do during a lightning storm?   (那么在雷暴期间你应该怎么做？)”可知，上文介绍雷暴很常见，下文提问在雷暴期间该如何做。由此推知，接下来要介绍雷暴对人类造成的危害。D项“In fact, many people are killed by lightning every year.（事实上，每年都有许多人死于闪电。）”符合上下文逻辑，故选D。
33．由下文的“If you are indoors during a thunderstorm…If you are caught in a thunderstorm outdoors.”可知，下文都在介绍减少雷暴伤害的安全措施。由小题3的位置可以判断出小题3的选项要引起下文。E项“But you can reduce (减少) those chances by following these safety rules.（但是你可以通过遵守这些安全规则来减少这些概率）”符合上下文逻辑，故选E。
34．根据上文“Never use the phone.（不要使用电话）”可知，下文接着要说电话会带来的危害。C项“Lightning could travel through the phone line and hit you.（闪电可能穿过电话线击中你。）” 符合上下文逻辑，故选C。
35．根据下文“If there’s no building around, try to find a low place to stay in.（如果周围没有建筑，试着找一个低的地方呆下来。）”可知，空格处要告诉我们在室外遭受雷暴且有遮蔽物或建筑时该怎么做。G项“Go into a nearby building or car right away.（立即进入附近的建筑物或汽车。）”符合上下文逻辑，故选G。
36．E    37．C    38．F    39．A    40．B
【分析】本文属于说明文，游泳是一种很好的运动，不过需要注意安全，文中列举了一些安全游泳的措施。
36．根据后一句so it’s important to stay safe as you do it可知，游泳的时候保证安全很重要，E选项，游泳有时候存在危险，与后一句属于因果关系，切题，故选E。
37．本段主要讲述游泳的时候确保救生员在旁边，注意游泳的警示标志，因此可知本段讲述游泳的区域很重要，故C选项切题，选C。
38．本段主要讲述游泳时跳水的注意事项，以及后一句In natural water, don’t dive unless you know that the water is deep enough.可知，在不同环境下，跳水的注意事项，故F选项，能够安全跳水的区域，游泳池标志较深的那段，故F切题，选F。
39．根据前一句Make sure you have a friend with you whenever you swim.以及后一句that person can make sure you get help.可知，本段主要讲述游泳的时候要有一个朋友在旁边，后一句就是阐述这样做的原因，万一出现情况，可以及时获得帮助，故A选项切题，选A。
40．根据前一句By following these simple rules, you can make sure your swim time is safe as well as fun.可知，注意上述的事项，就可以确保游泳高兴又安全，这样做的话，就可以安心游泳了，B选项切题，故选B。
【点睛】七选五做题步骤。先确定出题的位置；读题干，再读需要填入句子的上下句，画出关键词；读文章各段落，确定段落中心句和文章主题句；通读文章确定上下句和选项之间的逻辑关系。
若空格位置设在段首，则需要：1）查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。2）锁定关键词，然后在并列、转折、因果等选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的。
比如小题3，本段主要讲述游泳时跳水的注意事项，以及后一句In natural water, don’t dive unless you know that the water is deep enough.可知，在不同环境下，跳水的注意事项，故F选项