牛津译林版英语八年级下册UNIT 4单元知识点归纳及练习题（有答案）
展开牛津译林版英语八年级下册UNIT 4单元知识点归纳及练习题（有答案）
8B Unit 4
一、词汇句型大汇总
1.do with = deal with 处理，对付 what to do with = how to deal with 怎样处理
2.have to use them to reach the box on the fridge 不得不使用它们来够冰箱上的盒子
3.read a book about Germany in World War Ⅱ 读一本关于第二次世界战争德国的书
4.be interested in 对…感兴趣
5.improve my knowledge of the past 提高我对过去的认识
（knowledge 知识不可数—v know ）
6.in one’s spare/free time 在某人的空闲时间里
7.novels by the French writer Victor Hugo 被/ 由法国作家维克多·雨果写的小说
8.the story of the ugly man 那个丑陋男人的故事
9.touch / move sb 感动/触动某人
10.keep in touch with sb 与某人保持联系
11.国家 国家人 复数
Germany -- German--- Germans
America --- American -- Americans
Australia -- Australian-- Australians
Canada -- Canadian -- Canadians
France -- Frenchman--- Frenchmen
England -- Englishman -- Englishmen
(中国人，日本人不变；英、法 a—e)
12.我也是（不是）Me too/ Me either
13.crash against the rocks 撞到岩石 (against 介词 紧靠，碰，撞；反对，违背)
14.swim as far as one can / could = swim as far as possible 游得尽可能远;奋力前游
15.by the time = when 到……的时候
16.feel the land under my feet 感觉到陆地在我的脚下
17.be tired out 筋疲力尽
18.fall down on the beach 倒在沙滩上
19.go to sleep / fall asleep睡着、入睡
20.as the sun was rising正当太阳升起时
21.be tied to the ground 被栓/绑在地上
22.feel something on my leg 感觉某个东西在我的腿上
23.move up over my stomach and neck 在我的肚子和脖子上移动
24.look down 向下看，俯视 look down on 轻视，看不起
25.the same size as 和……一样大
be the same size as my little finger=be as big as my little finger
26.start climbing all over me 开始爬遍我的全身
27.there were around forty of them大约40个他们
28.shout at 对……大喊大叫
29.fall over 跌倒（后不能接宾语）
30.get up 站起来，（使）起立；起床
31.continue to do sth = continue doing sth 继续做某事
32.move across one’s body爬过某人的身体
33.begin talking to me开始和我交谈 begin to do sth/ doing sth
34.我也不知道说什么 I didn’t know what to say either
35.try to pull one hand free 尽力挣脱一只手
36.manage to do sth 设法完成某事 （manage , v 设法完成，管理---manager , n 经理 ）
37.lift my hand into the air 把我的左手举在空中
38.a huge army of (tiny people) 一大群（极小的人）
39.come straight towards me 径直向我走来
40.run / get away (from) (从)……逃走
41.find oneself unable to move 发现自己不能移动
42.be unable to do sth 不能够做某事
43.communicate with sb与某人交流
44.advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事
45.teach oneself = learn sth by oneself 自学
46.recommend so many interesting books (to sb ) 推荐如此多有趣的书
47.in such a short time 在如此短的时间内
48.hand in 上交 hand out 分发
49.and so on ……等等
50.read some reviews about the book before writing 在你写之前读一些有关这本书的评论
51.return the book to the library = give the book back to the library 把书归还给图书馆
52.on time 按时，准时 in time 及时
53.don’t have to do = needn’t do 不必，不需要 mustn’t 不允许，禁止
must be (表示肯定的猜测“一定是”)---否定句can’t be “不可能”
Must I hand it in before five ? Yes , you must. No, you needn’t/ don’t have to
54.every time 每次
55.renew the books online 在线续借这些书
56.a British writer 一个英国作家
57.date of birth 出生日期
58.read sth to sb 读……给某人听
59.publishing houses 出版社
60.refuse to publish it 拒绝出版它 refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事
61.so far 到目前为止 = up to now = until now
62.be translated into 被翻译成……
63.a Canadian writer 一个加拿大作家
64.in the very beginning 在一开始
65.search for information on the computer在电脑上搜寻信息
search + 地点 search for +东西
66.at a time 每次，依次（前面加数字 at one time 曾经；同时 at that time 在那时
67.How long can I keep the books ? For two weeks 这些书我能借多久 ？ 两周
68.sail the sea to look for hidden treasure 航海去寻找隐藏的宝藏
69.the main character 主要人物, 主人公
70.give sb a lot of confidence 给某人许多信心(不可数名词) confident（形容词，自信的）
71.as shy as I used to be 跟过去一样害羞
72.have exciting experiences有令人激动的经历(可数)
73.five years’ teaching experience 5年的教学经验(不可数)
74.an experienced teacher 一个有经验的教师 （adj)
75.your favourite type of book 你最喜欢的类型的书
76.receive as gifts 接受当礼物
77.ask sb for advice 向某人寻求建议 take/ follow one’s advice 接受某人的建议
78.reading hadits 阅读习惯 the habit of doing sth 做某事的习惯
79..read a lot 经常读书
80.before going to bed在上床睡觉之前 before /after /when doing sth
81.the four great classical Chinese novels 中国四大古典小说
82.opposite my home 在我家对面（介词）
83.give sb advice on …… 给某人提关于……的建议 open up 开创、开辟、开启
84.discuss what to read讨论读什么
单元综合练习
一、单项填空（15%）
( ) 1. They _______ the train until it disappeared (消失) in the distance (在远处).
A. saw B. watched C. noticed D. realized
( ) 2. He will use what he has _______ her a new dress. Her birthday is coming.
A. bought B. to buy C. buying D. been bought
( ) 3. The old lady didn’t know _______ when the house caught fire.
A. how to do with it B. how to do C. what to do D. what to do it
( ) 4. He _______ until it began to rain.
A. didn’t stop working B. didn’t stop to work
C. stopped to work D. stopped working
( ) 5. —_______ they _______ the book _______ to the library yet?
—Yes, they have.
A. Have; returned; / B. Have; returned; back C. Did; return; / D. Did; return; back
( ) 6. Don’t try to do everything at once. Take it a bit _______.
A. at times B. at that time C. at all times D. at a time
( ) 7. —Be careful! A car may hit you.
—Thank you! I _______ I _______ so close to the road.
A. didn’t know; am standing B. don’t know; am standing
C. didn’t know; was standing D. didn’t know; would stand
( ) 8. —You’d better ask Mr Wang for help when _______ problems.
—I see, but I’m not sure when _______ time.
A. you have; having B. having; he has C. to have; he has D. to have; having
( ) 9. —_______ I wash the clothes now?
—No, you _______. You _______ clean the room first.
A. Must; don’t have to; may B. Must; needn’t to; must
C. Must; mustn’t; can D. Shall; may; may
( ) 10. Mary didn’t know who _______ the problem she met with at that time.
A. to talk about B. to talk to about C. will take to about D. will to talk
( ) 11. Everyone had an application form in his hand, but no one knew which office room _______.
A. to send it to B. to send it C. it to send D. it send to
( ) 12. The _______ woman _______ Shanghai since her husband died in 1990.
A. lonely; has gone to B. alone; has left C. lonely; has been in D. alone; has been to
( ) 13. —Is Mrs Liu a teacher with a lot of teaching _______ ?
—Yes, she is. But she had some bad _______ at the beginning.
A. experiences; experience B. experience; experiences
C. experience; experience D. experiences; experiences
( ) 14. Before _____ the medicine (药), ____ should study the instructions or follow the doctor’s ____ .
A. you take; you; advise B.you take; one; advice C. taking; one; advice D.taking;you; advise
( ) 15. —Bob called to say welcome back.
—Really? _______.
A. It’s OK B. You’re welcome C. Thanks for telling me D. It doesn’t matter
二、完形填空 （10%）
Several years ago, I was waiting at a train station in Amsterdam. I saw a young homeless man 1 people for money so that he could buy breakfast. Most of the 2 simply took no notice of the young man or gave him a dirty look. There was an exception (例外): an older, well-dressed lady. When the young homeless man moved 3 this lady, she turned and looked straight into his eyes and 4 asked, “How much do you need?” I couldn’t hear what the young man said but watched 5 the old lady pulled several dollars from her purse and 6 them in the young man’s hands.
I don’t know if the young man used this money for breakfast or for some other purpose. What I do know is that I saw two completely different reactions (反应) to the same 7 . I saw people who were either afraid or angry or distrustful (猜疑的). And then I saw this old lady who 8 the homeless man as her brother. I decided then and there that, even though (虽然) we have to be 9 in this world, I would rather (宁愿) be like her.
Every day may bring us many chances for 10 . The key is to do it or not.
( ) 1. A. asking B. calling C. leaving D. helping
( ) 2. A. guests B. friends C. neighbours D. travelers
( ) 3. A. from B. after C. before D. over
( ) 4. A. softly B. sadly C. loudly D. hopefully
( ) 5. A. because B. if C. as D. since
( ) 6. A. checked B. put C. covered D. threw
( ) 7. A. information B. report C. situation D. programme
( ) 8. A. ordered B. treated C. gave D. recommended
( ) 9. A. famous B. active C. careful D. useful
( ) 10. A. sadness B. happiness C. fitness D. kindness
三、阅读理解 （20%）
(A)
Food, Drink & Refreshment
Relax in our new Loch Ness Eatery. Whether (不论) you are looking for a snack or a full meal, we can provide almost anything to suit everyone. We will be ready to help you at all times.
●Fresh Tea, Coffee, Hot Chocolate, etc
●Different kinds of Home Baking and Cakes
●Home Made Soup and Sandwiches
●Sweets and Soft Drinks
●Packed Lunches for Those Who Like a Picnic
●Seating for over 150 Visitors
Tel: +44(0)456 450321 Web : www.lochness com
( ) 1. The above reading is most probably ______.
A. an advertisement B. a food report
C. a shopping list D. a menu
( ) 2. It’s clear that the Eatery _______.
A. can hold 150 people at least B. only provides Chinese food
C. has a history of less than 30 years D. doesn’t offer many kinds of food
( ) 3. At the Loch Ness Eatery, visitors can _______.
A. book comfortable rooms B. have a picnic
C. cook for themselves D. get a good relaxation
( ) 4. The reading also tells us _______.
A. the prices of food and drinks B. the address of the Eatery
C. the name of the manager D. the way of getting in touch with the Eatery
( ) 5. The Eatery provides almost everything to _______. .
A. treat people for a long time B. meet (满足) the needs of different visitors
C. let people take away D. help people learn about Loch Ness
(B)
Many Chinese people who have been to the United States think that Americans pay a little part of their money for food each day. Yet, in the latest 13 years, food prices have gone up 30% for most American families. Everyone agrees that the cost of feeding a family has risen sharply. But who is really responsible（有责任的）?
Many people say the farmers who produce the vegetables, fruit, meat, and eggs are responsible. But farmers say that the rise in food prices is very small compared to (和…相比) the rise in their cost of living. Farmers think middlemen（中间人）have got much more money than they do. Middlemen are those people who stand between the farmers and the people who buy and eat the food. For example, truck drivers, owners of food stores and so on. Are middlemen really responsible for higher food prices?
Economists（经济学家）don’t think so. They have found that the money that meat packers（包装商）and food stores get is less than 1% in all. They say that food costs more now because modern housewives have jobs outside the home. They have less time for cooking after a day’s work. They like to buy food which has already been prepared before it reaches the market. They want to buy many kinds of food that can be put on their dining tables easily and quickly. But of course they must be prepared to pay for the services of those who make their work easier.
It seems that the answer to the question of rising prices is not an easy one. Quite a number of people share the responsibility for the sharp rise in food costs.
( ) 6. Farmers speak for themselves because _____.
A. the middlemen have had the biggest share of profit（利润）
B. the cost of their products have risen sharply too
C. their cost of living has gone up a lot, too
D. they’ve got very little in the rise of food prices
( ) 7. Economists blame (责怪) _____.
A. farmers B. middlemen C. housewives D. storeowners
( ) 8. What’s the writer’s opinion (观点)?
A. He agrees with the economists.
B. He doesn’t think farmers are responsible.
C. He thinks the middlemen might get a lot of profit.
D. He thinks all those people should be responsible.
( ) 9. The underlined sentence means the food prices have gone up _____.
A. quickly and carefully B. suddenly and greatly
C. clearly and naturally D. angrily and seriously
( ) 10. Which of the following is a middleman?
A. A farmer B. A shopkeeper C. A housewife D. An economist
四、词形变化 （5%）
1. Why not learn _______________ (cook) with me at my uncle’s restaurant?
2. At the end of the story, the professor came back from some _______________ (hide) hole.
3. I am going to stay with a _______________ (France) family during my study in Paris.
4. Mo Yan is one of the most famous _______________ (write) in China.
5. When he woke up, he found himself tied to a tree, _______________ (able) to move.
五、根据句意和汉语注释，写出单词的正确形式（10%）
1. We can learn a lot of ________________ (知识) in class if we listen carefully.
2. _______________ (管理) a company is much harder than you think.
3. What he did really ________________ (感动) us a lot.
4. Don’t give up. I’m sure your hard work will lead to _______________ (成功).
5. Amy doesn’t like wearing the blue sweater. Annie doesn’t like it, _______________ (也).
6. The English book was so popular that 20,000 _______________ (册) were sold out in a week.
7. It’s the _______________ (丑陋的) city I have ever seen in this beautiful country.
8. The old man put a bag of rice on his right _______________ (肩膀) and left the shop.
9. Nobody could understand why he _______________ (拒绝) to accept the invitation (邀请).
10. The driver drove _______________ (碰，撞) the wall carelessly and broke his new car.
六、动词填空 （10%）
1. I ______________ (interview) more than ten businessmen so far.
2. Many businessmen _______________ (donate) money to help the people in Japan rebuild their homes after the earthquake the year before last.
3. What great fun it is _______________ (see) so many beautiful butterflies!
4. You _______________ (drive). Don’t talk on the mobile phone.
5. Li Ping is asking his uncle, an English teacher, __________ (help) him think of a foreign name.
6. —Look! Someone _______________ (clean) the sofa.
—Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.
7. Everyone should know how _______________ (save) themselves when a fire breaks out.
8. ____________ you __________ (hear) from your parents recently? I miss them very much as well.
9. Please keep warm. The temperature ________________ (drop) a little tomorrow morning.
10. The old man had to continue ________________ (work) to support his family after he retired (退休).
七、任务型阅读 （10%）
A long story about people is usually called a novel. It can be about any kind of man, woman, or child. It can be about kings, or Chicago newsboys, or housewives. The French writer, Victor Hugo, wrote his novel Les Miserables about a poor man who stole (偷) a loaf of bread. The American writer, Ernest Hemingway, wrote A Farewell to Arms about a young American with the Italian Army in World War One.
A novel can tell the story of any kind of action, over any period of time. The modern Irish writer, James, Joyce, covers less than twenty-four hours in Ulysses. Yet, Joyce takes a thousand pages to tell all that happens from the time one man gets up in the morning until he goes to bed early the next morning. A German writer, Herman Hesse, uses only one hundred and fifty pages in his novel Demian to cover a boy’s life from the age of ten until he becomes a young man.
A novel does not just tell the things that people do. It also tells why they do them. The Badge of Courage, by the American novelist, Stephen Crane, tells about a young soldier who runs away the first time he is in the war. The book shows why he acted as he did. It describes his mental suffering (精神折磨) until he overcomes his fears.
People buy novels because they enjoy reading about other people. The novel meets the human desire (欲望) to know and understand other people.
Definition (定义) | It is a long story about people. | |
Character | (1) of any kind | Les Miserables is about a man who stole bread. |
A Farewell to Arms is about a young American with the Indian Army. | ||
(2) | Cover any period of time | Ulysses covers less than 24 hours. |
Demian to cover a boy’s life from the age of ten (3) he becomes a young man. | ||
Plot (情节) | Things and (4) ____ for doing them. | The Badge of Courage describes a young soldier’s mental suffering. |
Purpose | Meet the human desire to know (5) . | |
八、完成句子 （10%）
1. 你清楚你的写作该向谁寻求帮助吗？
Are you clear ___________________________________________________ your writing?
2. 关于如何提高我的英语，你能给我一些意见吗？
Can you give me ________________________________________________________?
3. 她够聪明，知道该如何处理不同的问题。
She is ______________________________________________________ different problems.
4. 到目前为止，这本书已被翻译成了20种语言。
So far, the book _______________________________________________________.
5. 直到昨天早上他才上交他的那篇评论。
He _________________________________________ yesterday morning.
九、书面表达 （10%）
假如你是Jim, 下星期五是你们学校的读书日。请你根据下面的提示，写一篇80词左右的倡议书，呼吁大家多读书。
提示：1. 现在许多学生花太多时间上网，看韩剧 (Korean TV series)，打游戏。为什么不多读点书呢？
2. 读书可以使人变得聪明，睿智，帮助我们获取知识，使我们更快乐地成长；
2. 应该尽可能到图书馆里多读书，读好书；
4. 我觉得……
Hi, boys and girls. Next Friday is our school Reading Day. Have you been reading these days?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案
一、1-5 BBCAA 6-10 DCBAB 11-15 ACBCC
二、1-5 ADBAC 6-10 BCBCD
三、1-5 AADDB 6-10 CCDBB
四、1. cooking 2. hidden 3. French 4. writers 5. unable
五、1. knowledge 2. Managing 3. touched 4. success 5. either
6. copies 7. ugliest 8. shoulder 9. refused 10. against
六、1. have interviewed 2. donated 3. to see 4. are driving 5. to help
6. has cleaned 7. to save 8. Have, heard 9. will drop 10. working/ to work
七、1. People 2. Time 3. until 4. reasons 5. others
八、1. who to talk to for help about/ who to ask for help about
2. some advice on how to improve my English
3. clever enough to know what to do with
4. has been translated into 20 languages
5. didn’t hand in his review until
九、 Hi, boys and girls. Next Friday is our school Reading Day. Have you been reading these days?
Now many students spend too much time surfing the Internet, watching Korean TV series and playing computer games. Why not spend more time reading books?
Reading can not only make us clever and smart but also help us get more knowledge. And it’s also helpful to make us grow happily.
We should go to the library as much as possible. We should try to read many good books. I think the more books we read, the better we will become.
