Unit 3 Discover Useful Structures课件-2022-2023学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第三册

Grammar:直接引语和间接引语观察以下例句，总结直接引语变为间接引语的规则。直接引语和间接引语1. 基本概念（1）直接引语：直接引述别人的话，把它放在引号内，叫直接引语。（2）间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。【点拨】直接引语变为间接引语时，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语和地点状语等一般均要作相应的变化。2. 人称的变化直接引语变为间接引语时，人称的变化遵循的原则为：“一随主 二随宾 第三人称不更新”。1）一随主：引号内的第一人称变间接引语时 与主句主语的人称保持一致。 Marry said，“I want to have a computer.” → Marry said that she want to have a computer. 2）二随宾：引号内的第二人称变间接引语时 与主句宾语的人称保持一致。 若引述动词后没有宾语，也可用第一人称。I said to Lily，“you must make good use of the chance.” → I told Lily that she must make good use of the chance . he asked,“Are you a soldier?” → He asked if/whether 　　　　 was a soldier. I3）第三人称不更新：引号内的第三人称代词 变间接引语时人称不变She said to me，“They want to purchase a new car.” → She told me that they wanted to purchase a new car. 句型转换1）“I will come and see you again this evening， Tom，”she said. → She told Tom that 　　　　 would go and see 　　　　 again that evening. 2）He said to me，“You are wrong.” → He told me that 　　　　 was wrong. sheIhim句型转换3）He asked，“Where are you going to get off， John?” → He asked John where 　　　　 was going to get off. 4）“I will come here again today，”she said. → She said that 　　　　 would go there again that day. 5）He said，“I am living with my cousin.” → He said that 　　　　 was living with 　　　　 cousin. heshehehis3 .句型的变化（1）直接引语是陈述句，间接引语为 that 引导的宾语从句，that 可省略。 主句的引述动词主要有say,tell,repeat,explain, think等。He said to me，“I’m amazed at your rapid recovery. ” → He said to me (that) he was amazed at my rapid recovery.. （2）直接引语是一般疑问句或反义疑问句，间接引语用 whether/if 引导，疑问语序变为陈述语序，谓语动词 say（said）改为 ask（asked）或wonder (wondered)。Mr Tonny said to me，“Are your injuries severe?” → Mr Tonny asked me if/whether my injuries were severe.she said to me,“you have seen the film, haven’t you?”→ she wondered if/whether I had seen the film .（3）直接引语是选择疑问句，间接引语为whether...or...从句 I asked him, “will you stay at home or go to see a film tonight?”→I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to see a film that night.（4）直接引语是特殊疑问句，间接引语用原来的疑问词引导，疑问语序变 为陈述语序。He asked me ，“who cured you of your toothache?” → He asked me who had cured me of my toothache?” （5）直接引语是祈使句，间接引语变为 ask/tell/order sb. to do sth. 句式。He said，“Follow his instructions.” → He told me to Follow his instructions. 【注意1】：若直接引语中祈使句是否定形式，变间接引语时，不定式 to前要加 not 或never.She said, “don’t make so much noise, children!”→She told the children not to make so much noise.【注意2】祈使句中的 please 在间接引语中必须省略。“Please pass me the pump，”he said to her. → He asked her to pass him the pump. 他请她把水泵递给他。 （6）直接引语是表建议，提议的祈使句，多采用suggest +doing 或suggest+ that从句，offer to do, ask/advice/want sb to do. She said, “let’s go to the lecture hall.” → She suggested going to the lecture hall. /She suggested that we (should) go to the lecture hall.（7）直接引语是感叹句，间接引语用what 或 how引导，也可以用that引导。 She said, “what a lovely day it is！” → She said what a lovely day it was. /She said that it was a lovely day.句型转换（1）He said，“I’ve left my book in your room.” →He told me 　　　　 he 　　　　 his book in my room. （2）She said，“Do you like watching the advertisements on TV?” →She asked me 　　　　 I 　　　　 watching the advertisements on TV. （3）“Where did you find the ads for jobs abroad?” Bill asked. → Bill asked 　　　　 　　　　 　 the ads for jobs abroad. that had leftwhether likedwhere I had found句型转换（4）“What are you doing now?” Mom asked. →Mom asked 　　　　 　　　　 　　 then. （5）He said，“Please come here again tomorrow.” →He 　　 　　　 　 again 　　　　 　　. （6）He said，“Don’t make so much noise，boys.” → He told the boys 　　　　 　　　　　 so much noise. what I was doingasked me to go there the next daynot to make 4. 时态的变化直接引语变为间接引语时，如果主句是过去的某种时态，则间接引语的时态应相应向前推一个时态，如下所示： 1）如果直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变。The geography teacher said to us，“The earth travels around the sun.” → The geography teacher told us that the earth travels around the sun. 2）如果直接引语中有明确的表示过去时间的状语，变为间接引语时， 时态不变。The sailor said to me，“I was born in 1973.” → The sailor said to me that he was born in 1973.”句型转换1）The teacher said，“You are doing OK.” → The teacher said that 　　　　 doing OK. 2）He said，“I have written a novel.” →He said that 　　　　 　　　a novel. 3）He said，“She will come here to have a long holiday.” → He said that 　　　　 　 go there to have a long holiday. 4）The teacher said，“Where there is a will，there is a way.” → The teacher said that where there 　　a will，there 　　a way. 5）Jane said，“Mary，where were you going when I met you on the bus?” →Jane asked Mary where 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 when she met her on the bus. we werehe had writtenshe wouldis is she was going thatthosethenthat day, that nightthat week / month …5. 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化the day beforeten days … beforethe next day/year…theregotake句型转换1）“I will come and help you tomorrow，John，” she said. → She told John that she would 　　　　 and help her . 　　　　 　　　　 　　　2）“I’ll come and see you again this evening， Tim，”he said. → He told Tim that he would go and see him again 　　　　 　　　. 3）Mr Harry asked，“John，have you passed the exam yesterday?” → Mr Harry asked John whether he had passed the exam 　 　　　　. the next daythat eveningthe day before go 句型转换4）The old man said，“I like to talk with these young men.” → The old man said that he liked to talk with 　　　　 young men. 5）She said to me，“I lived here five years ago.” → She told me she had lived 　　　　 five years 　　　　. thosetherebeforeFinish Activity 2 in page 29.Make 5 sentences by using direct speech and indirect speech.