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中考英语复习资料大全——副词的比较等级总结与整理(9) 试卷
展开中考英语 语法复习讲义(九)副词的比较等级最全总结与整理副词的比较等级副词比较等级的构成和意义类似于形容词的比较等级。一般可在词后加后缀-er,-est构成,还可借助more,most构成比较级和最高级。少数副词的比较级是不规则的。1.副词比较等级的构成A.单音节和个别双音节副词通过加后缀-er,-est构成比较级和最高级。原级比较级最高级hard努力,困难harderhardestloud高声louderloudestearly早earlierearliesthigh高higherhighestfast快fasterfastest B.绝大多数副词借助more,most构成比较级和最高级。原级比较级最高级slowly慢慢地more slowlymost slowlyclearly明显地more clearlymost clearlywarmly热情地more warmlymost warmlyeasily容易地more easilymost easilybeautifully漂亮地more beautifullymost beautifully 补充:有些副词的比较等级既可用-er和-est,也可用more和most构成。如often的比较等级有以下两种:oftener,oftenest;more often,most often C.少数副词的比较等级的变化是不规则的。原级比较级最高级well好betterbestbadly坏worseworstmuch多moremostlittle少lessleastfar远farther较远(只指距离更远)further进一步(表示抽象含义,指程度更深入一步)farthest最远地(只指距离最远)furthest最大程度地(表示抽象含义,指程度最深)late迟later更迟latter后者latest最近(表时间)last最后(表顺序)例外:有些副词没有比较等级的变化,如:now现在,never从不,then那时,here这里,always总是,how如何2.副词比较等级的用法(1)副词的原级句型:A+动词(行为动词)+as+副词的原级+as B.该句型表示“A和B一样……”。She speaks English as fluently as you.(她英语说得像你一样流利。)The little girl loves the school as much as her own home.(这个小女孩爱校如家。)I can’t speak as fast as you.=I can’t speak so fast as you.(我没法说得像你这么快。)Do you eat as fast as we do?(你吃得和我们一样快吗?)I’ll arrive as early as I can.=I’ll arrive as early as possible.(我将尽可能快地到达。)I will write you back as quickly as I can.=I will write you back as quickly as possible.(我将尽可能快地给你回复。)注意:此两种搭配as...as...can和as...as possible都表示“尽可能……”,应用比较广泛。(2)副词的比较级A.句型:A+动词(行为动词)+副词的比较级+than B.该句型表示“A比B更……”。Tom works harder than John.(汤姆比约翰工作更努力。)I got up earlier than my mother this morning.(今天早晨,我起得比我妈妈早。)I can run faster than she.(我跑得比她快。)A:Does this train run faster than that one?(这辆火车开得比那辆快吗?)B:Yes,it does.(是的。)/B:No,it doesn’t.(不。)She was received more warmly than she had expected.(她受到的欢迎比她预料的热烈。She drives more carefully than her husband.(她开车比她丈夫小心。)B.句型:...like A better than B.说明“和B比起来,更喜欢A”时,要用well的比较级better。I like spring better than winter.(和冬天相比,我更喜欢春天。)补充:句型“prefer A to B”也有“喜欢A胜于B”的意思,所以此例句还可改写为:I prefer spring to winter.I like Chinese better than English.(和英语相比,我更喜欢中文。)A:Which do you like better,red or blue?(红的和蓝的,你更喜欢哪一个?)重要:“Which/Who do you like better,A or B?”这一句型很重要,用于询问对方的喜好。回答时,在A和B中任选一个。B:I like red better (than blue).(我更喜欢红色的。)A:Who do you like better,Li Mingor Zhang Hua?(李明和张华,你更喜欢谁?)B:I like Li Ming better.(我更喜欢李明。)C.比较级的句型转换(1)比较级←→比较级(反义词)Li Ming runs faster than my brother.(李明跑得比我兄弟快。)→My brother runs more slowly than Li Ming.(我兄弟跑得比李明慢。)I get up earlier than you.(我起得比你早。)→You get up later than I.(你起得比我晚。) (2)比较级←→not...as+副词的原级+as...You sing better than she.(你唱得比她好。)→She doesn’t sing as well as you.(她唱得没你好。)She studies harder than you.(她学习比你努力。)→You don’t study as hard as she.(你学习没她努力。) (3)副词的最高级A.句型:A+动词(行为动词)+(the)副词的最高级+in/of...该句型表示“A在in/of...范围内最……”。My sister gets up (the) earliest in my family.(我家里我姐姐起床最早。)He runs (the) fastest in my class.(他在我们班跑得最快。)I jumped (the) farthest in my class.(我在我们班跳得最远。)Who can jump (the) highest of of the three?(这三个人中谁跳得最高?)说明:副词的最高级前面可以不加定冠词the,上述例句中所有副词最高级前面的the都可以省略。He likes English (the) best of all the subjects.(在所有的学科中,他最喜欢英语。)I like this story (the) best of all.(在所有的故事中,我最喜欢这个故事。)A:Which season do you like (the) best,spring,summeror autumn?(春天、夏天和秋天,你最喜欢哪一个季节?)B:I like autumn (the) best (of the three).(我最喜欢秋天。)比较:比较级:like A better than B...表示喜欢A甚于B;和B比起来更喜欢A。 最高级:like A (the) best of/in...表示在……中最喜欢A。B.which和what的比较当在一定数目的范围内作选择时用which,在不定数目中作选择时用what,但有时并没有分得那么清楚。Which newspaper do you like best of the three?(这三种报纸中,你最喜欢哪一种?)(在特定的三种报纸内选,只能用which)What newspaper do you like best?(你最喜欢什么报纸?)(只是泛泛地问,在所有的报纸中选,所以用what)
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