

中考英语复习资料大全——其他介词总结与整理(15) 试卷
展开中考英语 语法复习讲义(十五)其他介词最全总结与整理1.with,in,byA.with:(1)和……在一起I am going on a package tour to Beijing with my mother.(我打算与妈妈参加全包旅游去北京。)(2)具有,带有He was a handsome boy with large bright eyes.(他是一个英俊的男孩,有着一双明亮的大眼睛。)说明:“with(+形容词)+名词”构成的介词短语可以作定语,放在其所修饰名词的后面,表示名词的特征。(3)用某种工具或方法Lily cut her hand with a knife.(莉莉用刀把手弄破了。)I see with my eyes.(我用眼睛看。)What will you buy with the gift money?(你会用压岁钱买什么?)With the teacher’s help I have made progress.(在老师的帮助下,我取得了进步。)(with one’s help表示“在某人的帮助下”)B.in:表示用什么材料(如墨水、铅笔等),或用什么语言,或表示衣着、声调特点She wrote a letter in blackink.(她用黑色的墨水写信。)Don’t write it in pencil but in ink.(别用铅笔写,用钢笔写。)Can you speak in English?(你能用英语说吗?)比较:with与in的区别用with,in表工具或方法,在译成中文时区别不大,但在英语中的用法却不大相同。用with时,后面的名词要加上冠词或代词。with my ears用我的耳朵with a pencil用一支铅笔用in时,后面加物质名词,不能加冠词。in ink用墨水(钢笔)in pencil用铅笔C.by:通过……方法/手段He goes to school by bicycle.(他骑自行车上学。)Please send the litter by airmail.(这封信请用航空邮寄。)重要:搭乘交通工具的表示方法用by来表示搭乘交通工具的方式、手段时,名词前不加冠词。by bicycle骑自行车by plane/by air坐飞机by car坐小汽车by bus坐公共汽车by train坐火车by taxi坐出租车You can go there by ship.(你可以坐船去那儿。)用in表示时,后面要用冠词或代词,同样坐公共汽车可以说:in the/a bus坐公共汽车2.of,fromA.of:(属于)……的(表示数量或种类)This is a map of China.(这是一幅中国地图。)Will you please give me a cup of tea?(请您给我一杯茶好吗?)B.from:来自(某地、某人);以……(时间或地点)起始I’m from Nanjing.(我来自南京。)I have got an email from my friend.(我收到了一封我朋友发来的电子邮件。)We work from Monday to Friday.(我们从星期一到星期五上班。)3.without,like,asA.without:没有(with的反义词)I cannot finish the work without her help.(没有她的帮助,我不能完成这项工作。)I can’t read this English essay without using a dictionary.(不用字典,我看不了这篇英语短文。)Please give me a cup of coffee without milk.(请给我一杯不加奶的咖啡。)B.like:像……一样Nancy is just like her mother.(南希和她的妈妈一样。)It’s not like you to take offence.(你不像会发脾气的人。)比较:be like表示性格、脾气、言行等方面的相像;look like强调外表相像。Nancy looks like her mother.(南希长得很像她的妈妈。)C.as:作为Steven Hawking is famous as a scientist.(史蒂芬·霍金作为一位科学家而闻名。)They treated me as a hero.(他们像对待英雄那样对待我。)The room is clean and tidy as usual.(这个房间像平时一样干净整洁。)切记:常用介词短语be famous as:作为……而闻名treat...as...:把……当作……;把……当成……对待as usual:照常,照例4.against,aboutA.against:反对;靠着He is against the plan.(他反对这个计划。)The teacher is standing against the blackboard.(老师正靠着黑板站着。)B.about:(1)关于;各处;身旁Tell me something about your life.(告诉我你的生活情况。)He looked about himself.(他向四处张望。)I have no money about/with me.(我身上没带钱。)(2)询问某人/某物的情况或提出建议What about your elder sister?(你姐姐情况如何?)How about going to the Disneyland theme park?(去迪士尼主题公园怎么样?)
