中考英语复习资料大全——动词的时态最全总结与整理（22） 试卷

中考英语 语法复习讲义（二十二）动词的时态最全总结与整理动词的时态1.动词时态概述时态是表示动作与时间相互关系的语法范畴。正确使用时态能反映一个人的英语基本功。对中国学生来说，英语的时态是相当困难的一个语法项目，原因之一是中文动词没有时态形式的变化。也就是说，中文动词不是用词形的变化，而是用特定的词语，如：“现在”“将来”“过去”“正在”“经常”“了”“过”“已经”等来说明一个动作发生的时间，而动词本身并无变化。在英语中，则用动词本身的词形变化或加助动词表示动作的时间。She reads newspapers every day.（她每天看报纸。）（句子中有everyday，所以用现在时）She read the newspaper yesterday.（她昨天看过了这张报纸。）（句子中有yesterday，所以用过去时）She will read the newspaper tomorrow.（她明天看这张报纸。）（句子中有tomorrow，所以用将来时）She is reading the newspaper now.（她正在看报纸。）（句子中有now，所以用现在进行时）She has read the newspaper.（她已经读过这张报纸了。）（句子中没有标识性的时间状语，但因为表示的是“过去的动作对现在的影响”，所以要用现在完成时）2.动词十二种时态的形式英语动词共有十六种时态，一般语法书列出的英语动词的十二种时态为“现在”“过去”和“将来”三大类；每类中又分为“一般”“进行”“完成”“完成进行”四种，共十二种，下面以study为例，列表说明。 一般时进行时完成时完成进行时现在I study.You study.he studies.We study.They study.I am studying.You are studying.He is studying.We are studying.They are studying.I have studied.You have studied.He has studied.We have studied.They have studied.I have been studying.You have been studying.He has been studying.We have been studying.They have been studying.过去I studied.You studied.He studied.We studied.They studied.I was studying.You were studying.He was studying.We were studying.They were studying.I had studied.You had studied.He had studied.We had studied.They had studied.I had been studying.You had been studying.He had been studying.We had been studying.They had been studying.将来I shall study.You will study.He will study.We shall study.They will study.I shall be studying.You will be studying.He will be studying.We shall be studying.They will be studying.I shall have studied.You will have studied.He will have studied.We shall have studied.They will have studied.I shall have been  studying.You will have been  studying.He will have been  studying.We shall have been  studying.They will have been  studying.注意：初中阶段最常用的时态有5种，即一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、一般将来时和现在完成时。在下面的文章中，将分别讲述各种时态的具体用法。不规则动词变化表现在式过去式过去分词现在式过去式过去分词beat打，敲beatbeatenbecome成为becamebecomebegin开始beganbegunbite咬bitbitten/bitblow吹blewblownbreak打破brokebrokenbring携带broughtbroughtbuild建造builtbuiltburn燃烧burned/burntburned/burntbuy买boughtboughtcatch捉caughtcaughtchoose选择chosechosencome来camecomedrink喝drankdrunkdrive驾驶drovedriveneat吃ateeatenfall落下fellfallenfeed喂fedfedfeel觉得feltfeltfight打架foughtfoughtfind找foundfoundfly飞flewflownforget忘记forgotforgotten/forgotforgive原谅forgaveforgivenget获得gotgotten/gotgive给gavegivengo去wentgonegrow生长grewgrownhang挂hunghunghear听heardheardhit击hithithold持heldheldhurt伤害hurthurtkeep保持keptkeptknow知道knewknownlay放置laidlaidlead引导ledledlearn学习learned/learntlearned/learntleave离开leftleftlend借出lentlentlet让letletlie躺laylainlose遗失lostlostmake做mademademeet遇见metmetpay支付paidpaidread读readreadrise上升roserisenrun跑ranrunsay说saidsaidsee看见sawseensell售soldsoldsend送sentsentshine照耀/擦去，磨光shone/shinedshone/shinedshoot发射shotshotsing唱歌sangsungsit坐下satsatsleep睡觉sleptsleptsmell嗅smelt/smelledsmelt/smelledspeak说spokespokenspell拼写spelt/spelledspelt/spelledspend花费spentspentstand站立stoodstoodsteal偷窃stolestolensweep扫除sweptsweptswim游泳swamswumswing摇摆swungswungtake拿，握，抓tooktakenteach教taughttaughttear撕toretorntell告诉toldtoldthink想thoughtthoughtthrow投threwthrownunderstand了解understoodunderstoodwear穿worewornwin赢wonwonwrite写wrotewritten
      例题：(     )1. —When did you meet him?   —While I ____ on the street.A. walks       B. walk       C. was walking      D. am walking(    )2. —Mum, why don't you go to sleep? —Your sister ____ yet. I ____ for her.A. hasn't come back; am waiting    B. didn't come back; was waitingC. hadn't come back; was waiting    D. came back; waited(     )3. —King White ___ in our company for 20 years.            —Yes, and she ___ here when she was 21 years old.A. has worked; has come            B. worked; comesC. worked; came                         D. has worked; came(    )4. —Don't forget to visit me when you come here.          —OK. I ___ you a call as soon as I ____ there.A. gave; get                   B. will give; will get  C. give; will get          D. will give; get(     )5. —What did you do last summer vacation?           —Don't mention it. I ____ always ____ my parents on the farm.A. was; helping               B. / ; helped   C. would; help                D. have; helped(    )6. —Would you like to see the movie?  —No, thanks. I ____ it twice.A. have seen          B. seen            C. saw          D. had seen(     )7. —Are you still single? —No, I ____ for two months.A. have been married           B. have married  C. was marrying                   D. married(    )8. —We will do some cleaning if the weather ___ fine tomorrow.          —But I think it ____ rain.A. will be; is going to            B. is; is going to  C. is; has                                D. will be; has (     )9. —Mike is preparing his luggage.   —Yes. He _____ for Canada on vacation.A. leaves       B. left        C. is leaving       D. has been away(     )10. —Be quiet. Dad ___ in the next room. —Sorry.A. sleeps       B. slept       C. is sleeping       D. was sleeping 参考答案：1-5 CADDA  6-10 AABCC