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2023阿拉善盟一中高二上学期期末英语试题含解析
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阿拉善盟第一中学2022~2023学年度第一学期高二年级期末考试
英 语
考生注意：
1. 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
2. 答题前，考生务必用直径0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3. 考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4. 本卷命题范围：人教版必修1~选修6。
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Coding(编码) apps and programming apps for kids are becoming increasingly popular Here are some of the best apps for teaching kids to code.
Scratch
Scratch is by far the most popular coding app for kids, and it is now used in many schools all over the world. It is available for free on the web as well as for Android and iOS, which is why it is so popular. Created in 2003 by MIT students and staff, its coding language is designed for children aged 7 to 16.
The language employs visual blocks or bricks that can be dragged and dropped on a workspace to construct logical chains. As a result, the child will have a better understanding of the fundamental principles of coding.
Daisy the Dinosaur
Daisy the Dinosaur is a free iPad and iPhone programming app. What distinguishes it from the rest is that it is designed specifically for children aged 4 to 7. The app was developed by the same team that created the Hopscotch coding app for kids. If you’ve ever used that app, Daisy the Dinosaur has a similar user-friendly interface with limited features that is best for beginners.
Cargo-Bot
Cargo-Bot is a free coding app that is available for both Android and iOS devices. It is appropriate for children aged 10 and up. This app specialises in puzzle challenges involving a robotic arm that must be programmed to perform various tasks, most notably moving coloured boxes to create a specific design or pattern.
Kodable
Another relatively well-known coding app for kids is Kodable.’ It is free for: both the iPhone and iPad, but there is no option for Android or the web. Kodable is appropriate for both younger children and older teenagers(from 8 years old and up). It is also remarkable for guiding users from a basic to a complex level of coding.
The approach is very game-like, with users able to select a character to guide them through the levels.
1. Why is Scratch so popular?
A. It can be adjusted by students in school.
B. It was developed at the earliest time.
C. It is free to use on several platforms.
D. It helps children understand coding principles.
2. Which app is suitable for learners of 5 years old?
A. Scratch, B. Daisy the Dinosaur. C. Cargo Bot. D. Kodable.
3. What can be known about Kodable?
A. It has different levels.
B. It has many difficult puzzles.
C. It uses visual blocks or bricks to perform tasks.
D. Its development team created the Hopscotch coding app.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。为孩子编写应用程序和编程应用程序正变得越来越流行。本文介绍了一些教孩子编写代码的最佳应用程序。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Scratch部分“It is available for free on the web as well as for Android and iOS, which is why it is so popular. (它在网络上以及Android和iOS上都可以免费使用，这就是为什么它如此受欢迎的原因。)”可知，Scratch如此受欢迎是因为它可以在多个平台上免费使用。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Daisy the Dinosaur部分“What distinguishes it from the rest is that it is designed specifically for children aged 4 to 7. (它与其他产品的区别在于，它专门为4至7岁的儿童设计。)”可知，Daisy the Dinosaur适合5岁的学习者。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Kodable部分“It is also remarkable for guiding users from a basic to a complex level of coding. (它还可以指导用户从基本编码到复杂编码。)”可知，Kodable有不同的层次。故选A。
B
Ekaterina Sky is a wildlife conservation (保护)artist. She began her art journey at the School of Fine Arts in Yaroslavl, Russia. There, she completed a fine arts program, which gave her the background she needed to become a conservation artist. She also received a scholarship to the Art School of Museum of Tel-Aviv. There, she expanded upon her knowledge and skills, learning to create her own unique style. She combined her love for animals and art to create the works we see today.
Ekaterina painted pictures at wildlife reserves and rescue centers, in high schools and in visitors’centers. She painted a piece for the Burning Man festival, choosing to paint primates(灵长类动物的)eyes since they are closely related to humans. This piece gave her the confidence to start a world tour, as she had never painted a picture that size before.
Ekaterina went on a tour to different countries worldwide, painting pictures of various endangered species. She hoped that her paintings would encourage viewers to look deeply into their own lifestyles and question how they might harm animals. She said, “We all can make a difference if we look at ourselves as a small piece of a greater whole.”
With each picture, she made the audience look directly into the animals’ eyes. She painted pictures to encourage people to show more compassion and care to animals and raise awareness of the importance of efforts in wildlife conservation. “As I believe, we connect through our eyes, which are windows into our soul, and I believe that when we get to meet someone’s soul, we don’t have a heart to hurt them,” she said.
4. What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us about Ekaterina Sky?
A. Her art works. B. Her unique drawing skills.
C. Her love for animals. D. Her road to a conservation artist.
5. Why does Ekaterina Sky paint primates’ eyes for the Burning Man festival?
A. The painting gave her confidence. B. Primates are closely related to humans.
C. She’d like to make more money. D. She wanted to expand on her skills.
6. What does the underlined word “compassion” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Pity. B. Blame. C. Motivation. D. Gratefulness.
7. What are Ekaterina Sky’s art works intended for?
A. Reducing garbage thrown by tourists. B. Introducing various animals worldwide.
C. Drawing attention to endangered animals. D. Advertising the school she graduated from.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了叶卡捷琳娜·斯基通过画各种濒危物种的画来保护动物。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Ekaterina Sky is a wildlife conservation artist. She began her art journey at the School of Fine Arts in Yaroslavl, Russia. (叶卡捷琳娜·斯基是一位野生动物保护艺术家。她在俄罗斯雅罗斯拉夫尔美术学院开始了她的艺术之旅)”可知，本段主要介绍了Ekaterina Sky如何开始自己的野生动物保护艺术家之路。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“She painted a piece for the Burning Man festival, choosing to paint primates eyes since they are closely related to humans.(她为火人节画了一幅作品，选择画灵长类动物的眼睛，因为它们与人类关系密切)”可知，叶卡捷琳娜·斯基在火人节上画灵长类动物的眼睛是因为灵长类动物与人类关系密切。故选B项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“and care to animals and raise awareness of the importance of efforts in wildlife conservation.(对动物表现出关爱，并提高人们对野生动物保护工作重要性的认识)”中的and可知，compassion和care意思相近，都是要同情并且保护动物。结合选项可知，A项pity意为“可怜”符合要求。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Ekaterina went on a tour to different countries worldwide, painting pictures of various endangered species. She hoped that her paintings would encourage viewers to look deeply into their own lifestyles and question how they might harm animals.(叶卡捷琳娜去了世界不同的国家，画了各种濒危物种的画。她希望她的画能鼓励观众深入了解自己的生活方式，并质疑他们如何伤害动物)”以及最后一段“With each picture, she made the audience look directly into the animals’ eyes. She painted pictures to encourage people to show more compassion and care to animals and raise awareness of the importance of efforts in wildlife conservation. (每一张照片，她都让观众直视动物的眼睛。她通过绘画来鼓励人们对动物表现出更多的同情和关爱，并提高人们对野生动物保护工作重要性的认识)”可推知，叶卡捷琳娜·斯基的艺术作品是为了引起人们对濒危动物的关注。故选C项。
C
Recently, scientists have studied the full genetic (基因的) information of more than 18,000 cancer samples(样本). Their study is not the first to do such a complete genetic study of cancer samples. But no one has ever used such a large sample size. Researchers were able to study such a large number because of the improvements in technology.
Over 12,000 samples in the study care from patients gathered by Britain’s National Health Service. They were part of a project to study whole genomes from people with common cancers and rare diseases. The rest of the data came from existing cancer data sets. For the study, researchers looked at 19 different kinds of cancer in the human body. It identified 58 new pieces of evidence leading to the causes of cancer that could help doctors provide better treatment. Now doctors will have much more information to draw from when they look at individual cancers.
Andrew Futreal, a genomic expert at MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, said the study gave scientists some knowledge of the destructive forces that cause cancer. Some arise because of problems within a person’s cells(细胞); others are caused by tobacco smoke or chemicals and so on. It also shows doctors what will probably happen over time when a patient develops a cancer with a certain gene changing pattern, and help doctors give earlier treatment and hopefully stop the developing disease.
To help doctors use the new information, researchers have developed a computer program that will let them find common gene changing patterns and seek out unusual ones. By this way, doctors could suggest a treatment based on a special pattern.
8. How did scientists conduct the study?
A. By making observation. B. By analyzing data.
C. By asking questions. D. By doing lab experiments.
9. What can be learned from paragraph 3?
A. The study actually provides little knowledge of cancer.
B. Doctors are unable to give earlier treatment of cancer.
C. There are physical and environmental causes of cancer.
D. There’s no hope for doctors to stop a cancer developing.
10. What is the best title for the text?
A. Various Reasons for Cancer
B. Fast Development of Technology
C. Computers Are Key to Medical Research
D. A Study of Genes Contributes to Cancer Treatment
11. Where does this text probably come from?
A. A health magazine. B. A chemistry paper.
C. A novel. D. A history book.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。最近，科学家研究了18000多个癌症样本的完整基因信息。该研究让科学家们对导致癌症的破坏力有了一些了解，有助于癌症治疗。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The rest of the data came from existing cancer data sets. For the study, researchers looked at 19 different kinds of cancer in the human body. It identified 58 new pieces of evidence leading to the causes of cancer that could help doctors provide better treatment. (其余数据来自现有的癌症数据集。在这项研究中，研究人员观察了人体中19种不同的癌症。它确定了58条导致癌症病因的新证据，这些证据可以帮助医生提供更好的治疗。)”可知，.科学家通过分析数据来进行这项研究。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Andrew Futreal, a genomic expert at MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, said the study gave scientists some knowledge of the destructive forces that cause cancer. Some arise because of problems within a person’s cells(细胞); others are caused by tobacco smoke or chemicals and so on. (休斯顿MD安德森癌症中心的基因组专家安德鲁·福特雷尔表示，这项研究让科学家们对导致癌症的破坏力有了一些了解。有些是由于人的细胞内的问题而产生的(细胞)；另一些是由烟草烟雾或化学物质等引起的。)”可知，癌症有生理和环境原因。故选C。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Recently, scientists have studied the full genetic (基因的) information of more than 18,000 cancer samples(样本). (最近，科学家研究了18000多个癌症样本的完整基因信息。)”可知，本文开篇引出了一份关于癌症的最新研究；第二段介绍了研究方法；根据第三段“Andrew Futreal, a genomic expert at MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, said the study gave scientists some knowledge of the destructive forces that cause cancer. (休斯顿MD安德森癌症中心的基因组专家安德鲁·福特雷尔表示，这项研究让科学家们对导致癌症的破坏力有了一些了解。)”可知，本段分析了癌症产生的原因；根据最后一段“To help doctors use the new information, researchers have developed a computer program that will let them find common gene changing patterns and seek out unusual ones. By this way, doctors could suggest a treatment based on a special pattern. (为了帮助医生使用新信息，研究人员开发了一个计算机程序，让他们发现常见的基因变化模式，并找出不寻常的模式。通过这种方式，医生可以根据特殊模式提出治疗建议。)”可知，最后一段介绍了该研究对于癌症治疗的作用。所以，D项“A Study of Genes Contributes to Cancer Treatment (癌症治疗相关基因的研究)”最能概括本文主旨。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一项有助于癌症治疗的基因研究，所以本文最有可能选自于健康杂志。故选A。
D
At the foot of Egypt’s Sinai mountains, once a small fishing town, Dahab is now one of the Red Sea’s top diving resorts(潜水圣地), attracting a lot of nature lovers. It also provides a stress-free seaside atmosphere where visitors can just sit back and enjoy its waters. There are affordable accommodations, tour operators, multicultural restaurants and cafes.
Dahab is also one of the few places in the area with internet access, making it attractive to remote workers looking for a peaceful “office” by the sea. Rahma Zein, who chose to go toDahab on the advice of friends, said, “On a normal day, I wake up, make breakfast, go for a free dive, hang out on the beach, take a hike, eat and then sleep.” she added, “In between sessions, I make phone calls and do my work.”
Located on the edge of the Red Sea, the Blue Hole is one of Dahab’s most famous sites and one of the world’s most famous diving sites. Going down to a maximum depth of 328 feet and easily accessible from the shore, the Blue Hole is not influenced by the currents, so its waters are relatively calm. The conditions here are perfect for free divers, as well as advanced divers looking to push their limits in a race.
To reduce the traffic here, a local group of divers have created an underwater museum filled with giant statues(雕像) made of recycled materials. The most impressive statue is a life-sized elephant weighing 700 kilograms which has gained the attention of countless tourists.
There are also limitless options in shallower waters for those who want to avoid crowded diving spots. Travelers can hike or ride camels to Ras Abu Galum National Protectorate, which covers 400 square kilometers of coastline and offers a better view of sea life.
12. What do we know about Dahab?
A. It still is a small fishing town. B. Life there is full of stress.
C. It attracts a lot of nature lovers. D. Accommodations there are expensive.
13. Which of the following best describes Rahma Zein’s life in Dahab?
A. Relaxing. B. Boring. C. Stressful. D. Lonely.
14. What can we learn about the underwater museum in Dahab?
A. It is built by the local government. B. There is a large elephant from Africa.
C. It aims to offer a better view of sea life. D. There are statues made of recycled materials.
15. What’s the purpose of this text?
A. To recommend a sport. B. To introduce a scenic spot.
C. To share a travel experience. D. To call for environmental protection.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了红海的顶级潜水胜地之一达哈卜。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“At the foot of Egypt’s Sinai mountains, once a small fishing town, Dahab is now one of the Red Sea’s top diving resorts, attracting a lot of nature lovers. (达哈卜位于埃及西奈山脚下，曾经是一个小渔村，现在是红海的顶级潜水胜地之一，吸引了很多自然爱好者)”可知，Dahab吸引了很多自然爱好者。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“ahma Zein, who chose to go toDahab on the advice of friends, said, “On a normal day, I wake up, make breakfast, go for a free dive, hang out on the beach, take a hike, eat and then sleep. ”(Rahma Zein在朋友的建议下选择去达哈卜，她说:“在一个正常的日子里，我醒来，做早餐，去自由潜水，在海滩上闲逛，徒步旅行，吃完然后睡觉。”)”可推断，她在Dahab的生活是放松的。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“To reduce the traffic here, a local group of divers have created an underwater museum filled with giant statues made of recycled materials.(为了减少这里的交通流量，当地一群潜水员建造了一座水下博物馆，里面摆满了用回收材料制成的巨型雕像)”可知，博物馆有可回收材料制成的雕像。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“At the foot of Egypt’s Sinai mountains, once a small fishing town, Dahab is now one of the Red Sea’s top diving resorts, attracting a lot of nature lovers. It also provides a stress-free seaside atmosphere where visitors can just sit back and enjoy its waters. There are affordable accommodations, tour operators, multicultural restaurants and cafes.(达哈卜位于埃及西奈山脚下，曾经是一个小渔村，现在是红海顶级潜水胜地之一，吸引了很多自然爱好者。它还提供了一个没有压力的海边氛围，游客可以坐下来享受它的水域。这里有价格实惠的住宿、旅行社、多元文化的餐厅和咖啡馆)”以及纵观全文可知，本文的目的是介绍达哈卜这个红海的顶级潜水胜地之一，所以本文的目的是介绍旅游景点。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever watched a silent television show and tried to predict how the characters were feeling according to their body language? The ability to understand people’s body language is a skill that’s almost born inside of us. ____16____. This skill develops as we grow older, which is called non-verbal communication.
Body language helps us communicate what we’re feeling without saying much at all. Think about a time when you were very angry. Did you clench (咬紧) your teeth? Did your palms get sweaty when you were anxious? In most cultures, these cues (线索) that reveal emotional states are quite common. But gestures have specific meanings across different cultures. Take touch for example. ____17____. In India, however, the ideal way to greet someone is by touching their feet, not by shaking their hand.
In some places, gestures meaning hellos and goodbyes and touches indicating friendship and love are all the same. But the problem arises because some gestures have vastly different meanings in different cultures. For example, the “OK” symbol is used as a superb symbol in India, but in Turkey, this symbol is considered offensive (冒犯性的). ____18____.
So, what should we do? Should we not use gestures at all? Of course not. ____19____. No matter how much we try to stop ourselves, we will end up communicating non-verbally in some way or another.
____20____, you’d better make a quick Google search or turn to a comprehensive book to better interact with the locals, and avoid offending them during your stay!
A. It was a very kind and thoughtful gesture.
B. So, the next time you decide to travel to another country
C. When you flash the “OK” sign there, you’re asking for a fight.
D. They also use a system of sounds and body language to communicate.
E. Even the smallest children can figure out when their mothers are mad.
F. Gestures are something that comes with the language of communication.
G. A general way of saying “Hello” in western culture is a brief handshake.
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. C 19. F 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是肢体语言及不同地区肢体语言的差异。
【16题详解】
根据上文“The ability to understand people’s body language is a skill that’s almost born inside of us. (理解他人肢体语言的能力几乎是我们天生的技能。)”可知，上文告诉我们理解他人肢体语言的能力几乎是我们天生的技能，E项意为“即使最小的孩子也能知道妈妈什么时候生气了。”选项能够承接上文，举例说明理解他人肢体语言的能力几乎是我们天生的技能，即使最小的孩子也能通过肢体语言知道妈妈什么时候生气了。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据下文“In India, however, the ideal way to greet someone is by touching their feet, not by shaking their hand. (然而，在印度，问候某人的理想方式是触摸他们的脚，而不是握手。)”可知，下文告诉我们在印度，问候某人的理想方式是触摸他们的脚，G项意为“在西方文化中，说“你好”的一般方式是简短的握手。”选项能够引起下文，分别介绍了西方和印度问候某人的方式，西方是简短的握手，印度不是握手，而是触摸他们的脚。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据上文“For example, the “OK” symbol is used as a superb symbol in India, but in Turkey, this symbol is considered offensive (冒犯性的). (例如，“OK”符号在印度被用作极好的符号，但在土耳其，这个符号被认为是冒犯性的。)”可知，上文告诉我们在土耳其，“OK”符号被认为是冒犯性的，C项意为“当你在那里闪烁“OK”标志时，你是在找茬打架。”选项能够承接上文，在土耳其，“OK”符号被认为是冒犯性的，你在那里闪烁“OK”标志时，你是在找茬打架。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文“So, what should we do? Should we not use gestures at all? Of course not. (那么，我们该怎么办？我们不应该使用手势吗？当然不是。)”可知，上文提出问题，既然各地的手势语不同，我们不应该使用手势吗？F项意为“手势是伴随着交流语言而来的东西。”选项能够承接上文，我们应该使用手势语，因为手势是伴随着交流语言而来的东西。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据下文“you’d better make a quick Google search or turn to a comprehensive book to better interact with the locals, and avoid offending them during your stay! (你最好在谷歌上快速搜索，或者求助于一本综合性的书，以便更好地与当地人互动，避免在逗留期间冒犯他们！)”可知，下文告诉我们可以通过在谷歌上快速搜索，或者求助于一本综合性的书来了解当地人的肢体语言，B项意为“所以，下次你决定去另一个国家旅行时”，选项能够引起下文，下次你决定去另一个国家旅行时，先在谷歌上快速搜索，或者求助于一本综合性的书来了解当地人的肢体语言，以便更好地与当地人互动。故选B。
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1. 5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The grandmother from Shanghai has become a minor celebrity in recent months as her newfound and unlikely love for working out made national headlines.
According to Chen Jifang’s trainer, who helped to manage the Douyin account, she ____21____ more than 400, 000 followers within just a few months.
“The main group that I wanted to ____22____ was people at ages of 30 to 50,” says Chen. “I think they will be ____23____ to work out in the gym after seeing that a granny like me can. The ____24____ I want to convey (传达) is that it is never too late to pursue good ____25____.”
For Chen, her passion for ____26____ was born out of a need instead of a ____27____ to become famous. According to Chen, her health had been poor since she was a child. After becoming a gym goer in December 2018, Chen lost 14 kilos (30 pounds) in three months and many of her physical conditions are ____28____
Chen, who has a grandson aged 14, recalled the ____29____ looks she got the first time she walked through the gym door.
“They found it very ____30____ . They don’t usually see people at such an old age who ____31____ their health so much,” she says.
“If your muscles are ____32____ and powerful, they will protect your bones if you fall. The elderly are most afraid of ____33____ ,” she said.
“In fact, I also fell once and fell ____34____ hurting my forehead, hips, knees and toes. They ____35____ an old lady with white hair lying on the ____36____ and passersby started ____37____ an ambulance. I said ‘Don’t.’ and I got up. I said, ‘I have been exercising, so I’m ____38____ ’. Then I left.”
She ____39____ , “At our age, it is not how much money you have, who you are, or how good your children are that matters. You just want a ____40____ record as short as possible.”
21. A. admired B. attracted C. hired D. scared
22. A. tell B. owe C. encourage D. amuse
23 A. motivated B. reported C. anticipated D. allowed
24. A. impression B. message C. secret D. news
25. A. work B. luck C. education D. health
26. A. exercise B. media C. life D. attention
27. A. judgement B. restriction C. desire D. task
28. A. following B. increasing C. delaying D. improving
29. A. astonished B. excited C. frightened D. annoyed
30. A. natural B. strange C. vital D. unbearable
31. A. break from B. depend on C. suffer from D. care about
32. A. suitable B. weak C. strong D. hard
33. A. bleeding B. falling C. arguing D. walking
34. A. hurriedly B. gently C. regularly D. terribly
35. A. saw B. left C. heard D. prevented
36. A. knee B. bed C. ground D. ambulance
37. A. driving B. calling C. catching D. missing
38. A. desperate B. happy C. sad D. fine
39. A. replied B. announced C. added D. interrupted
40. A. medical B. sport C. grade D. travel
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了陈吉芳老人坚持去健身房锻炼，目的是鼓励30到50岁的人去锻炼。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：据帮助管理抖音账号的陈吉芳的教练说，她在短短几个月内就吸引了40多万粉丝。A. admired钦佩；B. attracted吸引；C. hired租用；D. scared使……害怕。根据后文“ more than 400, 000 followers within just a few months.”可知，在抖音上应该是吸引粉丝。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我想鼓励的主要群体是30到50岁的人，”陈说。A. tell告诉；B. owe归功于；C. encourage鼓励；D. amuse娱乐。根据后文“I think they will be 3 to work out in the gym after seeing that a granny like me can.”可知，像她那样的老人都去健身房锻炼，是为了激励那些中年人。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想他们看到像我这样的老奶奶也能去健身房锻炼，会有动力的。A. motivated激励；B. reported报道；C. anticipated预期；D. allowed允许。根据前文“The main group that I wanted to 2 was people at ages of 30 to 50”可知，陈吉芳去健身房锻炼是希望30到50岁的人得到激励。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想要传达的信息是，追求健康永远不会太迟。A. impression印象；B. message信息；C. secret秘密；D. news新闻。根据后文“it is never too late to pursue good 5 .”可知，她是想传到追求健康永远不会太迟的信息。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想要传达的信息是，追求健康永远不会太迟。A. work工作；B. luck好运；C. education教育；D. health健康。根据前文“I think they will be 3 to work out in the gym after seeing that a granny like me can.”可知，去健身房锻炼是追求健康。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于陈吉芳来说，她对运动的热情来自于一种需要，而不是成名的渴望。A. exercise锻炼；B. media媒体；C. life生活；D. attention注意。根据前文“I think they will be 3 to work out in the gym after seeing that a granny like me can.”可知，本文在讲陈吉芳在健身房锻炼的事，此处是指锻炼的热情。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于陈吉芳来说，她对运动的热情来自于一种需要，而不是成名的渴望。A. judgement判断；B. restriction限制，规定；C. desire渴望；D. task任务。根据前文“For Chen, her passion for 6 was born out of a need”并结合选项，可知，她对运动的热情来自于一种需要，而不是成名的渴望。故选C项。
28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2018年12月成为健身房常客后，陈在三个月内减掉了14公斤(30磅)，她的许多身体状况正在改善。A. following跟着；B. increasing增加；C. delaying延迟；D. improving改善。根据前文“After becoming a gym goer in December 2018, Chen lost 14 kilos(30 pounds)in three months”可知，她的身体状况在改善。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：陈有一个14岁的孙子，她回忆起自己第一次走进健身房时看到的惊讶眼神。A. astonished感到十分惊讶的；B. excited激动的；C. frightened害怕的；D. annoyed恼怒的。根据后文“They found it very 10 . They don’t usually see people at such an old age who 11 their health so much”可知，看到这个年纪的人进入健身房，其他人是惊讶的眼神。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们觉得很奇怪。A. natural自然的；B. strange奇怪的；C. vital至关重要的；D. unbearable无法忍受的。根据后文“They don’t usually see people at such an old age who 11 their health so much”可知，看到一位老人去健身房锻炼，让人们感觉奇怪。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们通常看不到这么老的人还这么关心自己的健康。A. break from中断；B. depend on依靠；C. suffer from遭受；D. care about关心。结合上文提到陈去锻炼是为了一种需要可知，陈去健身房去锻炼是出于对健康的关心。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你的肌肉强壮有力，当你摔倒时，它们会保护你的骨头。A. suitable合适的；B. weak虚弱的；C. strong强壮的；D. hard结实的。根据后文的“and powerful”可知，空处和powerful并列，且用来修饰肌肉，结合选项应是C项“strong强壮的”符合。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：老年人最害怕摔倒。A. bleeding流血；B. falling跌倒；C. arguing争论；D. walking行走。根据前文“If your muscles are 12 and powerful, they will protect your bones if you fall.”并结合常识可知，老年人最害怕摔倒。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我也摔过一次，摔得很厉害，额头、臀部、膝盖和脚趾都受伤了。A. hurriedly匆匆忙忙地；B. gently轻轻地；C. regularly有规律地；D. terribly非常，严重地，厉害地。根据后文“hurting my forehead, hips, knees and toes.”可知，她摔得很厉害。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们看到一位满头白发的老太太躺在地上，路人开始叫救护车。A. saw看到；B. left留下；C. heard听到；D. prevented阻止。根据前文“In fact, I also fell once and fell 14 hurting my forehead, hips, knees and toes.”可知，陈吉芳摔倒了，所以他们看到满头白发的老太太躺在地上。故选A项。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们看到一位满头白发的老太太躺在地上，路人开始叫救护车。A. knee膝盖；B. bed床；C. ground地面；D. ambulance救护车。根据前文“In fact, I also fell once and fell 14 hurting my forehead, hips, knees and toes.”可知，陈吉芳摔倒了，所以他们看到满头白发的老太太躺在地上。故选C项。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们看到一位满头白发的老太太躺在地上，路人开始叫救护车。A. driving驾驶；B. calling呼叫；C. catching拦住；D. missing错过。根据前文可知陈吉芳摔倒了，所以路人是在叫救护车。故选B项。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我说，‘我一直在锻炼，所以我很好’然后我就走了。A. desperate绝望的；B. happy快乐的；C. sad悲哀的；D. fine好的。根据后文“Then I left”可知，陈吉芳没有事，自己离开了。故选D项。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她补充说：“在我们这个年纪，重要的不是你有多少钱，你是谁，或者你的孩子有多好。”A. replied回答；B. announced宣布；C. added补充说；D. interrupted插嘴。根据前文可知，一直是引用陈吉芳说的话，以及后文“At our age, it is not how much money you have, who you are, or how good your children are that matters.”可知，继续在引用她说的话，所以是补充说。故选C项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你只想要一份尽可能短的医疗记录。A. medical体格检查；B. sport运动；C. grade等级；D. travel旅行。根据前文可知，本文一直在说老年人锻炼的事，再根据后文“record as short as possible”结合选项可知，此处应是医疗纪录。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For more than 50 years, anyone buying or renting a house could look up how vulnerable(易受攻击的) ___41___ is to flooding. But for wildfire risk, homeowners were mostly in the dark.
Even with thousands of homes___42___ (destroy) by wildfires every year, most homeowners ___43___move receive little or no information about the risk they re taking on.
Now, ___44___non-profit research group is releasing a first of its kind tool for homeowners. Produced by First Street Foundation, the rating tool shows the wildfire risk for; properties across the lower 48 states, and shows how that risk will change as the climate gets hotter. The information will be shown on Realtor. com, expanding to other real estate(不动产) sites later.
The information fills a gap left by government. Only a handful of states ___45___ (map) where communities are most at risk to wildfire so far. Federal maps from the US Forest Service aren’t meant___46___ (use) for individual properties.
___47___ (know) about wildfire risk may not necessarily dissuade(劝阻) buyers, ___48___ (especial) where housing is in short supply. But wildfire experts say that there are many___49___ (step) homeowners can still take to make their homes safer, like cutting down the trees next____50____the houses and using fire-resistant building materials.
【答案】41. it 42. destroyed
43. who##that
44. a 45. have mapped
46. to be used
47. Knowing
48. especially
49. steps 50. to
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。50多年来，任何购买或租赁房屋的人都会发现房屋在洪水面前有多么脆弱。但对于野火风险，房主们大多不知情。现在，一个非盈利研究小组正在为房主发布第一个此类工具，显示野火风险；该信息将显示网站，之后扩展到其他房地产网站。
【41题详解】
考查人称代词。句意：50多年来，任何购买或租赁房屋的人都会发现房屋在洪水面前有多么脆弱。分析句子可知，空格处应填入人称代词作宾语从句“how vulnerable(易受攻击的) ___1___ is to flooding”的主语，该代词代指上文的名词house，故应用it。故填it。
【42题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：尽管每年都有成千上万的房屋被野火摧毁，但大多数搬家的房主很少或根本没有收到关于他们所面临风险的信息。分析句子可知，空格处应使用非谓语动词作宾语补足语，构成“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。宾语thousands of homes与动词destroy构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处应用过去分词。故填destroyed。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子可知，此处是限制性定语从句。先行词是most homeowners，指人，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：现在，一个非盈利研究小组正在为房主发布第一个此类工具。分析句子可知，空格处应填入冠词。根据句意，此处指“一个非盈利研究小组”，应用不定冠词。non-profit读音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。故填a。
【45题详解】
考查动词的时态。句意：到目前为止，只有少数几个州绘制了社区遭受野火风险最大的地图。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据时间状语so far可知，此处应用现在完成时。map作动词时意为“绘制地图”，主语a handful of states与动词map构成逻辑上的主谓关系。故填have mapped。
46题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：美国森林局的联邦地图不适用于个人财产。be meant to do是固定结构，意为“注定要……；本应该，必须”。主语Federal maps与use构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处应用动词不定式的被动结构。故填to be used。
【47题详解】
考查动名词。句意：对野火风险的了解可能不一定会劝阻购房者，尤其是在住房短缺的情况下。分析句子可知，空格处应填入动名词作主语，置于句首首字母应大写。故填Knowing。
【48题详解】
考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词作状语。especial的副词形式为especially，意为“尤其；特别”。故填especially。
【49题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：但野火专家表示，房主仍然可以采取许多措施来让他们的房子更安全，比如砍伐房屋旁边的树木，使用防火建筑材料。根据空格前的many可知，空格处应填入名词复数形式。故填steps。
【50题详解】
考查介词。句意：同上。next to意为“在……旁边”，符合句意。故填to。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及-.个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号( Ʌ),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的间下划一横线,并在该词下而写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11 处起)不计分。
Winter is my favourite seasons. It is very cold and everyone had to wear thick warm clothes, but I always enjoy the winter here in Harbin.
The temperature is usually below the zero and it is often snowy. Everything covered in deep white snow but the lakes and rivers are frozen,
During this season, we cannot see colorful flowers or green trees, but the land is quiet and beauty.
My friends and I love playing outside in winter. It is excited to have big snowball fights for us. They also make snowmen and use carrots for their noses, what look funny.
Harbin’s winter is such great that it attracts tourists from all over the country.
【答案】1. seasons→season 2. had→has 3. 删除zero前的the 4. 在covered前加is
5. but→and 6. beauty→beautiful 7. excited→exciting 8. They→We 9. what→which 10. such→so
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了作者最喜欢的季节——冬季。
【详解】1.考查名词。句意：冬天是我最喜欢的季节。根据主语“Winter”可知，此处是说“冬天是我最喜欢的季节”。主语是单数，表语也应用名词单数形式。故将seasons改为season。
2.考查动词的时态。句意：天气很冷，每个人都必须穿上厚厚的保暖衣服，但我总是喜欢哈尔滨的冬天。根据“It is very cold”可知，此处表示客观事实，应用一般现在时态。主语everyone是不定代词，表示单数，故谓语动词用单数。故将had改为has。
3.考查冠词。句意：气温通常低于零度，而且经常下雪。“below+数词”是固定用法，表示“在……以下”。故将the删除。
4.考查动词的时态和语态。句意：一切都被厚厚的白雪覆盖。分析句子可知，此处是并列句。第一个分句的主语Everything与动词cover是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态。且句子用一般现在时态。故在 covered前加is。
5.考查连词。句意：在这个季节，我们看不到五颜六色的花或绿色的树，而且这片土地安静而美丽。分析句子可知，we cannot see colorful flowers or green trees与the land is quiet and beauty是并列关系而不是转折关系。故将but改为and。
6.考查形容词。句意：同上。根据and前的形容词quiet 可知，and后也应跟形容词形式作表语。故将beauty改为beautiful。
7.考查形容词。句意：对于我们来说，打雪仗是令人兴奋的。分析句子可知，it是形式主语，to have big snowball fights是句子真正的主语。此处说明“打雪仗是令人兴奋的”，应用exciting作表语，表示“令人兴奋的”。excited意为“感到兴奋的；感到激动的”。故将excited改为exciting。
8.考查人称代词。句意：我们还堆雪人，用胡萝卜做鼻子，看起来很有趣。根据上文“My friends and I love playing outside in winter. ”可知，此处指“我们还堆雪人”，故将They改为We。
9.考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子可知，此处是非限定性定语从句。先行词是snowmen，指物，故用关系代词which。故将what 改为which。
10.考查副词。句意：哈尔滨的冬天非常棒，吸引了来自全国各地的游客。“主语+be+so+形容词+that从句”是固定结构，修饰形容词应用副词so，such后接名词或名词性短语。故将such改为so。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是李华。你的英国笔友Mark打算参加学校正在举办的以中国电影为主题的英语征文比赛，发邮件请你提供一些建议。请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 给出建议；
2. 表达祝愿。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Mark,
I’m so delighted to hear that you will participate in the writing competition themed on Chinese films being held by your school. As for how to write about Chinese films, I’d like to give you some suggestions.
To start with, before writing the article, you’d better look up some information from the Internet or magazines related to Chinese films. What’s more, it would be wise to focus on meaningful and recently-released films. For example, there is a popular film named My Father and Me, which consists of several different stories. Each story is short but moving.
I hope my advice can be of some help and that you can win a prize in the competition. Best regards!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Mark回复一封邮件，为他打算参加学校正在举办的以中国电影为主题的英语征文比赛提供一些建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→pleased
建议：suggestion→proposal
专注于：focus on→concentrate on
关于：as for→with respect to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To start with, before writing the article, you’d better look up some information from the Internet or magazines related to Chinese films.
拓展句：To start with, before writing the article, you’d better look up some information from the Internet or magazines which is related to Chinese films.
【点睛】[高分句型1] For example, there is a popular film named My Father and Me, which consists of several different stories. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I hope my advice can be of some help and that you can win a prize in the competition. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
英 语
考生注意：
1. 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
2. 答题前，考生务必用直径0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3. 考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4. 本卷命题范围：人教版必修1~选修6。
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Coding(编码) apps and programming apps for kids are becoming increasingly popular Here are some of the best apps for teaching kids to code.
Scratch
Scratch is by far the most popular coding app for kids, and it is now used in many schools all over the world. It is available for free on the web as well as for Android and iOS, which is why it is so popular. Created in 2003 by MIT students and staff, its coding language is designed for children aged 7 to 16.
The language employs visual blocks or bricks that can be dragged and dropped on a workspace to construct logical chains. As a result, the child will have a better understanding of the fundamental principles of coding.
Daisy the Dinosaur
Daisy the Dinosaur is a free iPad and iPhone programming app. What distinguishes it from the rest is that it is designed specifically for children aged 4 to 7. The app was developed by the same team that created the Hopscotch coding app for kids. If you’ve ever used that app, Daisy the Dinosaur has a similar user-friendly interface with limited features that is best for beginners.
Cargo-Bot
Cargo-Bot is a free coding app that is available for both Android and iOS devices. It is appropriate for children aged 10 and up. This app specialises in puzzle challenges involving a robotic arm that must be programmed to perform various tasks, most notably moving coloured boxes to create a specific design or pattern.
Kodable
Another relatively well-known coding app for kids is Kodable.’ It is free for: both the iPhone and iPad, but there is no option for Android or the web. Kodable is appropriate for both younger children and older teenagers(from 8 years old and up). It is also remarkable for guiding users from a basic to a complex level of coding.
The approach is very game-like, with users able to select a character to guide them through the levels.
1. Why is Scratch so popular?
A. It can be adjusted by students in school.
B. It was developed at the earliest time.
C. It is free to use on several platforms.
D. It helps children understand coding principles.
2. Which app is suitable for learners of 5 years old?
A. Scratch, B. Daisy the Dinosaur. C. Cargo Bot. D. Kodable.
3. What can be known about Kodable?
A. It has different levels.
B. It has many difficult puzzles.
C. It uses visual blocks or bricks to perform tasks.
D. Its development team created the Hopscotch coding app.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。为孩子编写应用程序和编程应用程序正变得越来越流行。本文介绍了一些教孩子编写代码的最佳应用程序。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Scratch部分“It is available for free on the web as well as for Android and iOS, which is why it is so popular. (它在网络上以及Android和iOS上都可以免费使用，这就是为什么它如此受欢迎的原因。)”可知，Scratch如此受欢迎是因为它可以在多个平台上免费使用。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Daisy the Dinosaur部分“What distinguishes it from the rest is that it is designed specifically for children aged 4 to 7. (它与其他产品的区别在于，它专门为4至7岁的儿童设计。)”可知，Daisy the Dinosaur适合5岁的学习者。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Kodable部分“It is also remarkable for guiding users from a basic to a complex level of coding. (它还可以指导用户从基本编码到复杂编码。)”可知，Kodable有不同的层次。故选A。
B
Ekaterina Sky is a wildlife conservation (保护)artist. She began her art journey at the School of Fine Arts in Yaroslavl, Russia. There, she completed a fine arts program, which gave her the background she needed to become a conservation artist. She also received a scholarship to the Art School of Museum of Tel-Aviv. There, she expanded upon her knowledge and skills, learning to create her own unique style. She combined her love for animals and art to create the works we see today.
Ekaterina painted pictures at wildlife reserves and rescue centers, in high schools and in visitors’centers. She painted a piece for the Burning Man festival, choosing to paint primates(灵长类动物的)eyes since they are closely related to humans. This piece gave her the confidence to start a world tour, as she had never painted a picture that size before.
Ekaterina went on a tour to different countries worldwide, painting pictures of various endangered species. She hoped that her paintings would encourage viewers to look deeply into their own lifestyles and question how they might harm animals. She said, “We all can make a difference if we look at ourselves as a small piece of a greater whole.”
With each picture, she made the audience look directly into the animals’ eyes. She painted pictures to encourage people to show more compassion and care to animals and raise awareness of the importance of efforts in wildlife conservation. “As I believe, we connect through our eyes, which are windows into our soul, and I believe that when we get to meet someone’s soul, we don’t have a heart to hurt them,” she said.
4. What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us about Ekaterina Sky?
A. Her art works. B. Her unique drawing skills.
C. Her love for animals. D. Her road to a conservation artist.
5. Why does Ekaterina Sky paint primates’ eyes for the Burning Man festival?
A. The painting gave her confidence. B. Primates are closely related to humans.
C. She’d like to make more money. D. She wanted to expand on her skills.
6. What does the underlined word “compassion” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Pity. B. Blame. C. Motivation. D. Gratefulness.
7. What are Ekaterina Sky’s art works intended for?
A. Reducing garbage thrown by tourists. B. Introducing various animals worldwide.
C. Drawing attention to endangered animals. D. Advertising the school she graduated from.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了叶卡捷琳娜·斯基通过画各种濒危物种的画来保护动物。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Ekaterina Sky is a wildlife conservation artist. She began her art journey at the School of Fine Arts in Yaroslavl, Russia. (叶卡捷琳娜·斯基是一位野生动物保护艺术家。她在俄罗斯雅罗斯拉夫尔美术学院开始了她的艺术之旅)”可知，本段主要介绍了Ekaterina Sky如何开始自己的野生动物保护艺术家之路。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“She painted a piece for the Burning Man festival, choosing to paint primates eyes since they are closely related to humans.(她为火人节画了一幅作品，选择画灵长类动物的眼睛，因为它们与人类关系密切)”可知，叶卡捷琳娜·斯基在火人节上画灵长类动物的眼睛是因为灵长类动物与人类关系密切。故选B项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“and care to animals and raise awareness of the importance of efforts in wildlife conservation.(对动物表现出关爱，并提高人们对野生动物保护工作重要性的认识)”中的and可知，compassion和care意思相近，都是要同情并且保护动物。结合选项可知，A项pity意为“可怜”符合要求。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Ekaterina went on a tour to different countries worldwide, painting pictures of various endangered species. She hoped that her paintings would encourage viewers to look deeply into their own lifestyles and question how they might harm animals.(叶卡捷琳娜去了世界不同的国家，画了各种濒危物种的画。她希望她的画能鼓励观众深入了解自己的生活方式，并质疑他们如何伤害动物)”以及最后一段“With each picture, she made the audience look directly into the animals’ eyes. She painted pictures to encourage people to show more compassion and care to animals and raise awareness of the importance of efforts in wildlife conservation. (每一张照片，她都让观众直视动物的眼睛。她通过绘画来鼓励人们对动物表现出更多的同情和关爱，并提高人们对野生动物保护工作重要性的认识)”可推知，叶卡捷琳娜·斯基的艺术作品是为了引起人们对濒危动物的关注。故选C项。
C
Recently, scientists have studied the full genetic (基因的) information of more than 18,000 cancer samples(样本). Their study is not the first to do such a complete genetic study of cancer samples. But no one has ever used such a large sample size. Researchers were able to study such a large number because of the improvements in technology.
Over 12,000 samples in the study care from patients gathered by Britain’s National Health Service. They were part of a project to study whole genomes from people with common cancers and rare diseases. The rest of the data came from existing cancer data sets. For the study, researchers looked at 19 different kinds of cancer in the human body. It identified 58 new pieces of evidence leading to the causes of cancer that could help doctors provide better treatment. Now doctors will have much more information to draw from when they look at individual cancers.
Andrew Futreal, a genomic expert at MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, said the study gave scientists some knowledge of the destructive forces that cause cancer. Some arise because of problems within a person’s cells(细胞); others are caused by tobacco smoke or chemicals and so on. It also shows doctors what will probably happen over time when a patient develops a cancer with a certain gene changing pattern, and help doctors give earlier treatment and hopefully stop the developing disease.
To help doctors use the new information, researchers have developed a computer program that will let them find common gene changing patterns and seek out unusual ones. By this way, doctors could suggest a treatment based on a special pattern.
8. How did scientists conduct the study?
A. By making observation. B. By analyzing data.
C. By asking questions. D. By doing lab experiments.
9. What can be learned from paragraph 3?
A. The study actually provides little knowledge of cancer.
B. Doctors are unable to give earlier treatment of cancer.
C. There are physical and environmental causes of cancer.
D. There’s no hope for doctors to stop a cancer developing.
10. What is the best title for the text?
A. Various Reasons for Cancer
B. Fast Development of Technology
C. Computers Are Key to Medical Research
D. A Study of Genes Contributes to Cancer Treatment
11. Where does this text probably come from?
A. A health magazine. B. A chemistry paper.
C. A novel. D. A history book.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。最近，科学家研究了18000多个癌症样本的完整基因信息。该研究让科学家们对导致癌症的破坏力有了一些了解，有助于癌症治疗。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The rest of the data came from existing cancer data sets. For the study, researchers looked at 19 different kinds of cancer in the human body. It identified 58 new pieces of evidence leading to the causes of cancer that could help doctors provide better treatment. (其余数据来自现有的癌症数据集。在这项研究中，研究人员观察了人体中19种不同的癌症。它确定了58条导致癌症病因的新证据，这些证据可以帮助医生提供更好的治疗。)”可知，.科学家通过分析数据来进行这项研究。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Andrew Futreal, a genomic expert at MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, said the study gave scientists some knowledge of the destructive forces that cause cancer. Some arise because of problems within a person’s cells(细胞); others are caused by tobacco smoke or chemicals and so on. (休斯顿MD安德森癌症中心的基因组专家安德鲁·福特雷尔表示，这项研究让科学家们对导致癌症的破坏力有了一些了解。有些是由于人的细胞内的问题而产生的(细胞)；另一些是由烟草烟雾或化学物质等引起的。)”可知，癌症有生理和环境原因。故选C。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Recently, scientists have studied the full genetic (基因的) information of more than 18,000 cancer samples(样本). (最近，科学家研究了18000多个癌症样本的完整基因信息。)”可知，本文开篇引出了一份关于癌症的最新研究；第二段介绍了研究方法；根据第三段“Andrew Futreal, a genomic expert at MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, said the study gave scientists some knowledge of the destructive forces that cause cancer. (休斯顿MD安德森癌症中心的基因组专家安德鲁·福特雷尔表示，这项研究让科学家们对导致癌症的破坏力有了一些了解。)”可知，本段分析了癌症产生的原因；根据最后一段“To help doctors use the new information, researchers have developed a computer program that will let them find common gene changing patterns and seek out unusual ones. By this way, doctors could suggest a treatment based on a special pattern. (为了帮助医生使用新信息，研究人员开发了一个计算机程序，让他们发现常见的基因变化模式，并找出不寻常的模式。通过这种方式，医生可以根据特殊模式提出治疗建议。)”可知，最后一段介绍了该研究对于癌症治疗的作用。所以，D项“A Study of Genes Contributes to Cancer Treatment (癌症治疗相关基因的研究)”最能概括本文主旨。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一项有助于癌症治疗的基因研究，所以本文最有可能选自于健康杂志。故选A。
D
At the foot of Egypt’s Sinai mountains, once a small fishing town, Dahab is now one of the Red Sea’s top diving resorts(潜水圣地), attracting a lot of nature lovers. It also provides a stress-free seaside atmosphere where visitors can just sit back and enjoy its waters. There are affordable accommodations, tour operators, multicultural restaurants and cafes.
Dahab is also one of the few places in the area with internet access, making it attractive to remote workers looking for a peaceful “office” by the sea. Rahma Zein, who chose to go toDahab on the advice of friends, said, “On a normal day, I wake up, make breakfast, go for a free dive, hang out on the beach, take a hike, eat and then sleep.” she added, “In between sessions, I make phone calls and do my work.”
Located on the edge of the Red Sea, the Blue Hole is one of Dahab’s most famous sites and one of the world’s most famous diving sites. Going down to a maximum depth of 328 feet and easily accessible from the shore, the Blue Hole is not influenced by the currents, so its waters are relatively calm. The conditions here are perfect for free divers, as well as advanced divers looking to push their limits in a race.
To reduce the traffic here, a local group of divers have created an underwater museum filled with giant statues(雕像) made of recycled materials. The most impressive statue is a life-sized elephant weighing 700 kilograms which has gained the attention of countless tourists.
There are also limitless options in shallower waters for those who want to avoid crowded diving spots. Travelers can hike or ride camels to Ras Abu Galum National Protectorate, which covers 400 square kilometers of coastline and offers a better view of sea life.
12. What do we know about Dahab?
A. It still is a small fishing town. B. Life there is full of stress.
C. It attracts a lot of nature lovers. D. Accommodations there are expensive.
13. Which of the following best describes Rahma Zein’s life in Dahab?
A. Relaxing. B. Boring. C. Stressful. D. Lonely.
14. What can we learn about the underwater museum in Dahab?
A. It is built by the local government. B. There is a large elephant from Africa.
C. It aims to offer a better view of sea life. D. There are statues made of recycled materials.
15. What’s the purpose of this text?
A. To recommend a sport. B. To introduce a scenic spot.
C. To share a travel experience. D. To call for environmental protection.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了红海的顶级潜水胜地之一达哈卜。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“At the foot of Egypt’s Sinai mountains, once a small fishing town, Dahab is now one of the Red Sea’s top diving resorts, attracting a lot of nature lovers. (达哈卜位于埃及西奈山脚下，曾经是一个小渔村，现在是红海的顶级潜水胜地之一，吸引了很多自然爱好者)”可知，Dahab吸引了很多自然爱好者。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“ahma Zein, who chose to go toDahab on the advice of friends, said, “On a normal day, I wake up, make breakfast, go for a free dive, hang out on the beach, take a hike, eat and then sleep. ”(Rahma Zein在朋友的建议下选择去达哈卜，她说:“在一个正常的日子里，我醒来，做早餐，去自由潜水，在海滩上闲逛，徒步旅行，吃完然后睡觉。”)”可推断，她在Dahab的生活是放松的。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“To reduce the traffic here, a local group of divers have created an underwater museum filled with giant statues made of recycled materials.(为了减少这里的交通流量，当地一群潜水员建造了一座水下博物馆，里面摆满了用回收材料制成的巨型雕像)”可知，博物馆有可回收材料制成的雕像。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“At the foot of Egypt’s Sinai mountains, once a small fishing town, Dahab is now one of the Red Sea’s top diving resorts, attracting a lot of nature lovers. It also provides a stress-free seaside atmosphere where visitors can just sit back and enjoy its waters. There are affordable accommodations, tour operators, multicultural restaurants and cafes.(达哈卜位于埃及西奈山脚下，曾经是一个小渔村，现在是红海顶级潜水胜地之一，吸引了很多自然爱好者。它还提供了一个没有压力的海边氛围，游客可以坐下来享受它的水域。这里有价格实惠的住宿、旅行社、多元文化的餐厅和咖啡馆)”以及纵观全文可知，本文的目的是介绍达哈卜这个红海的顶级潜水胜地之一，所以本文的目的是介绍旅游景点。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever watched a silent television show and tried to predict how the characters were feeling according to their body language? The ability to understand people’s body language is a skill that’s almost born inside of us. ____16____. This skill develops as we grow older, which is called non-verbal communication.
Body language helps us communicate what we’re feeling without saying much at all. Think about a time when you were very angry. Did you clench (咬紧) your teeth? Did your palms get sweaty when you were anxious? In most cultures, these cues (线索) that reveal emotional states are quite common. But gestures have specific meanings across different cultures. Take touch for example. ____17____. In India, however, the ideal way to greet someone is by touching their feet, not by shaking their hand.
In some places, gestures meaning hellos and goodbyes and touches indicating friendship and love are all the same. But the problem arises because some gestures have vastly different meanings in different cultures. For example, the “OK” symbol is used as a superb symbol in India, but in Turkey, this symbol is considered offensive (冒犯性的). ____18____.
So, what should we do? Should we not use gestures at all? Of course not. ____19____. No matter how much we try to stop ourselves, we will end up communicating non-verbally in some way or another.
____20____, you’d better make a quick Google search or turn to a comprehensive book to better interact with the locals, and avoid offending them during your stay!
A. It was a very kind and thoughtful gesture.
B. So, the next time you decide to travel to another country
C. When you flash the “OK” sign there, you’re asking for a fight.
D. They also use a system of sounds and body language to communicate.
E. Even the smallest children can figure out when their mothers are mad.
F. Gestures are something that comes with the language of communication.
G. A general way of saying “Hello” in western culture is a brief handshake.
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. C 19. F 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是肢体语言及不同地区肢体语言的差异。
【16题详解】
根据上文“The ability to understand people’s body language is a skill that’s almost born inside of us. (理解他人肢体语言的能力几乎是我们天生的技能。)”可知，上文告诉我们理解他人肢体语言的能力几乎是我们天生的技能，E项意为“即使最小的孩子也能知道妈妈什么时候生气了。”选项能够承接上文，举例说明理解他人肢体语言的能力几乎是我们天生的技能，即使最小的孩子也能通过肢体语言知道妈妈什么时候生气了。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据下文“In India, however, the ideal way to greet someone is by touching their feet, not by shaking their hand. (然而，在印度，问候某人的理想方式是触摸他们的脚，而不是握手。)”可知，下文告诉我们在印度，问候某人的理想方式是触摸他们的脚，G项意为“在西方文化中，说“你好”的一般方式是简短的握手。”选项能够引起下文，分别介绍了西方和印度问候某人的方式，西方是简短的握手，印度不是握手，而是触摸他们的脚。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据上文“For example, the “OK” symbol is used as a superb symbol in India, but in Turkey, this symbol is considered offensive (冒犯性的). (例如，“OK”符号在印度被用作极好的符号，但在土耳其，这个符号被认为是冒犯性的。)”可知，上文告诉我们在土耳其，“OK”符号被认为是冒犯性的，C项意为“当你在那里闪烁“OK”标志时，你是在找茬打架。”选项能够承接上文，在土耳其，“OK”符号被认为是冒犯性的，你在那里闪烁“OK”标志时，你是在找茬打架。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文“So, what should we do? Should we not use gestures at all? Of course not. (那么，我们该怎么办？我们不应该使用手势吗？当然不是。)”可知，上文提出问题，既然各地的手势语不同，我们不应该使用手势吗？F项意为“手势是伴随着交流语言而来的东西。”选项能够承接上文，我们应该使用手势语，因为手势是伴随着交流语言而来的东西。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据下文“you’d better make a quick Google search or turn to a comprehensive book to better interact with the locals, and avoid offending them during your stay! (你最好在谷歌上快速搜索，或者求助于一本综合性的书，以便更好地与当地人互动，避免在逗留期间冒犯他们！)”可知，下文告诉我们可以通过在谷歌上快速搜索，或者求助于一本综合性的书来了解当地人的肢体语言，B项意为“所以，下次你决定去另一个国家旅行时”，选项能够引起下文，下次你决定去另一个国家旅行时，先在谷歌上快速搜索，或者求助于一本综合性的书来了解当地人的肢体语言，以便更好地与当地人互动。故选B。
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1. 5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The grandmother from Shanghai has become a minor celebrity in recent months as her newfound and unlikely love for working out made national headlines.
According to Chen Jifang’s trainer, who helped to manage the Douyin account, she ____21____ more than 400, 000 followers within just a few months.
“The main group that I wanted to ____22____ was people at ages of 30 to 50,” says Chen. “I think they will be ____23____ to work out in the gym after seeing that a granny like me can. The ____24____ I want to convey (传达) is that it is never too late to pursue good ____25____.”
For Chen, her passion for ____26____ was born out of a need instead of a ____27____ to become famous. According to Chen, her health had been poor since she was a child. After becoming a gym goer in December 2018, Chen lost 14 kilos (30 pounds) in three months and many of her physical conditions are ____28____
Chen, who has a grandson aged 14, recalled the ____29____ looks she got the first time she walked through the gym door.
“They found it very ____30____ . They don’t usually see people at such an old age who ____31____ their health so much,” she says.
“If your muscles are ____32____ and powerful, they will protect your bones if you fall. The elderly are most afraid of ____33____ ,” she said.
“In fact, I also fell once and fell ____34____ hurting my forehead, hips, knees and toes. They ____35____ an old lady with white hair lying on the ____36____ and passersby started ____37____ an ambulance. I said ‘Don’t.’ and I got up. I said, ‘I have been exercising, so I’m ____38____ ’. Then I left.”
She ____39____ , “At our age, it is not how much money you have, who you are, or how good your children are that matters. You just want a ____40____ record as short as possible.”
21. A. admired B. attracted C. hired D. scared
22. A. tell B. owe C. encourage D. amuse
23 A. motivated B. reported C. anticipated D. allowed
24. A. impression B. message C. secret D. news
25. A. work B. luck C. education D. health
26. A. exercise B. media C. life D. attention
27. A. judgement B. restriction C. desire D. task
28. A. following B. increasing C. delaying D. improving
29. A. astonished B. excited C. frightened D. annoyed
30. A. natural B. strange C. vital D. unbearable
31. A. break from B. depend on C. suffer from D. care about
32. A. suitable B. weak C. strong D. hard
33. A. bleeding B. falling C. arguing D. walking
34. A. hurriedly B. gently C. regularly D. terribly
35. A. saw B. left C. heard D. prevented
36. A. knee B. bed C. ground D. ambulance
37. A. driving B. calling C. catching D. missing
38. A. desperate B. happy C. sad D. fine
39. A. replied B. announced C. added D. interrupted
40. A. medical B. sport C. grade D. travel
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了陈吉芳老人坚持去健身房锻炼，目的是鼓励30到50岁的人去锻炼。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：据帮助管理抖音账号的陈吉芳的教练说，她在短短几个月内就吸引了40多万粉丝。A. admired钦佩；B. attracted吸引；C. hired租用；D. scared使……害怕。根据后文“ more than 400, 000 followers within just a few months.”可知，在抖音上应该是吸引粉丝。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我想鼓励的主要群体是30到50岁的人，”陈说。A. tell告诉；B. owe归功于；C. encourage鼓励；D. amuse娱乐。根据后文“I think they will be 3 to work out in the gym after seeing that a granny like me can.”可知，像她那样的老人都去健身房锻炼，是为了激励那些中年人。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想他们看到像我这样的老奶奶也能去健身房锻炼，会有动力的。A. motivated激励；B. reported报道；C. anticipated预期；D. allowed允许。根据前文“The main group that I wanted to 2 was people at ages of 30 to 50”可知，陈吉芳去健身房锻炼是希望30到50岁的人得到激励。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想要传达的信息是，追求健康永远不会太迟。A. impression印象；B. message信息；C. secret秘密；D. news新闻。根据后文“it is never too late to pursue good 5 .”可知，她是想传到追求健康永远不会太迟的信息。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想要传达的信息是，追求健康永远不会太迟。A. work工作；B. luck好运；C. education教育；D. health健康。根据前文“I think they will be 3 to work out in the gym after seeing that a granny like me can.”可知，去健身房锻炼是追求健康。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于陈吉芳来说，她对运动的热情来自于一种需要，而不是成名的渴望。A. exercise锻炼；B. media媒体；C. life生活；D. attention注意。根据前文“I think they will be 3 to work out in the gym after seeing that a granny like me can.”可知，本文在讲陈吉芳在健身房锻炼的事，此处是指锻炼的热情。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于陈吉芳来说，她对运动的热情来自于一种需要，而不是成名的渴望。A. judgement判断；B. restriction限制，规定；C. desire渴望；D. task任务。根据前文“For Chen, her passion for 6 was born out of a need”并结合选项，可知，她对运动的热情来自于一种需要，而不是成名的渴望。故选C项。
28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2018年12月成为健身房常客后，陈在三个月内减掉了14公斤(30磅)，她的许多身体状况正在改善。A. following跟着；B. increasing增加；C. delaying延迟；D. improving改善。根据前文“After becoming a gym goer in December 2018, Chen lost 14 kilos(30 pounds)in three months”可知，她的身体状况在改善。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：陈有一个14岁的孙子，她回忆起自己第一次走进健身房时看到的惊讶眼神。A. astonished感到十分惊讶的；B. excited激动的；C. frightened害怕的；D. annoyed恼怒的。根据后文“They found it very 10 . They don’t usually see people at such an old age who 11 their health so much”可知，看到这个年纪的人进入健身房，其他人是惊讶的眼神。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们觉得很奇怪。A. natural自然的；B. strange奇怪的；C. vital至关重要的；D. unbearable无法忍受的。根据后文“They don’t usually see people at such an old age who 11 their health so much”可知，看到一位老人去健身房锻炼，让人们感觉奇怪。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们通常看不到这么老的人还这么关心自己的健康。A. break from中断；B. depend on依靠；C. suffer from遭受；D. care about关心。结合上文提到陈去锻炼是为了一种需要可知，陈去健身房去锻炼是出于对健康的关心。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你的肌肉强壮有力，当你摔倒时，它们会保护你的骨头。A. suitable合适的；B. weak虚弱的；C. strong强壮的；D. hard结实的。根据后文的“and powerful”可知，空处和powerful并列，且用来修饰肌肉，结合选项应是C项“strong强壮的”符合。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：老年人最害怕摔倒。A. bleeding流血；B. falling跌倒；C. arguing争论；D. walking行走。根据前文“If your muscles are 12 and powerful, they will protect your bones if you fall.”并结合常识可知，老年人最害怕摔倒。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我也摔过一次，摔得很厉害，额头、臀部、膝盖和脚趾都受伤了。A. hurriedly匆匆忙忙地；B. gently轻轻地；C. regularly有规律地；D. terribly非常，严重地，厉害地。根据后文“hurting my forehead, hips, knees and toes.”可知，她摔得很厉害。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们看到一位满头白发的老太太躺在地上，路人开始叫救护车。A. saw看到；B. left留下；C. heard听到；D. prevented阻止。根据前文“In fact, I also fell once and fell 14 hurting my forehead, hips, knees and toes.”可知，陈吉芳摔倒了，所以他们看到满头白发的老太太躺在地上。故选A项。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们看到一位满头白发的老太太躺在地上，路人开始叫救护车。A. knee膝盖；B. bed床；C. ground地面；D. ambulance救护车。根据前文“In fact, I also fell once and fell 14 hurting my forehead, hips, knees and toes.”可知，陈吉芳摔倒了，所以他们看到满头白发的老太太躺在地上。故选C项。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们看到一位满头白发的老太太躺在地上，路人开始叫救护车。A. driving驾驶；B. calling呼叫；C. catching拦住；D. missing错过。根据前文可知陈吉芳摔倒了，所以路人是在叫救护车。故选B项。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我说，‘我一直在锻炼，所以我很好’然后我就走了。A. desperate绝望的；B. happy快乐的；C. sad悲哀的；D. fine好的。根据后文“Then I left”可知，陈吉芳没有事，自己离开了。故选D项。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她补充说：“在我们这个年纪，重要的不是你有多少钱，你是谁，或者你的孩子有多好。”A. replied回答；B. announced宣布；C. added补充说；D. interrupted插嘴。根据前文可知，一直是引用陈吉芳说的话，以及后文“At our age, it is not how much money you have, who you are, or how good your children are that matters.”可知，继续在引用她说的话，所以是补充说。故选C项。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你只想要一份尽可能短的医疗记录。A. medical体格检查；B. sport运动；C. grade等级；D. travel旅行。根据前文可知，本文一直在说老年人锻炼的事，再根据后文“record as short as possible”结合选项可知，此处应是医疗纪录。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For more than 50 years, anyone buying or renting a house could look up how vulnerable(易受攻击的) ___41___ is to flooding. But for wildfire risk, homeowners were mostly in the dark.
Even with thousands of homes___42___ (destroy) by wildfires every year, most homeowners ___43___move receive little or no information about the risk they re taking on.
Now, ___44___non-profit research group is releasing a first of its kind tool for homeowners. Produced by First Street Foundation, the rating tool shows the wildfire risk for; properties across the lower 48 states, and shows how that risk will change as the climate gets hotter. The information will be shown on Realtor. com, expanding to other real estate(不动产) sites later.
The information fills a gap left by government. Only a handful of states ___45___ (map) where communities are most at risk to wildfire so far. Federal maps from the US Forest Service aren’t meant___46___ (use) for individual properties.
___47___ (know) about wildfire risk may not necessarily dissuade(劝阻) buyers, ___48___ (especial) where housing is in short supply. But wildfire experts say that there are many___49___ (step) homeowners can still take to make their homes safer, like cutting down the trees next____50____the houses and using fire-resistant building materials.
【答案】41. it 42. destroyed
43. who##that
44. a 45. have mapped
46. to be used
47. Knowing
48. especially
49. steps 50. to
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。50多年来，任何购买或租赁房屋的人都会发现房屋在洪水面前有多么脆弱。但对于野火风险，房主们大多不知情。现在，一个非盈利研究小组正在为房主发布第一个此类工具，显示野火风险；该信息将显示网站，之后扩展到其他房地产网站。
【41题详解】
考查人称代词。句意：50多年来，任何购买或租赁房屋的人都会发现房屋在洪水面前有多么脆弱。分析句子可知，空格处应填入人称代词作宾语从句“how vulnerable(易受攻击的) ___1___ is to flooding”的主语，该代词代指上文的名词house，故应用it。故填it。
【42题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：尽管每年都有成千上万的房屋被野火摧毁，但大多数搬家的房主很少或根本没有收到关于他们所面临风险的信息。分析句子可知，空格处应使用非谓语动词作宾语补足语，构成“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。宾语thousands of homes与动词destroy构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处应用过去分词。故填destroyed。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子可知，此处是限制性定语从句。先行词是most homeowners，指人，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：现在，一个非盈利研究小组正在为房主发布第一个此类工具。分析句子可知，空格处应填入冠词。根据句意，此处指“一个非盈利研究小组”，应用不定冠词。non-profit读音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。故填a。
【45题详解】
考查动词的时态。句意：到目前为止，只有少数几个州绘制了社区遭受野火风险最大的地图。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据时间状语so far可知，此处应用现在完成时。map作动词时意为“绘制地图”，主语a handful of states与动词map构成逻辑上的主谓关系。故填have mapped。
46题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：美国森林局的联邦地图不适用于个人财产。be meant to do是固定结构，意为“注定要……；本应该，必须”。主语Federal maps与use构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处应用动词不定式的被动结构。故填to be used。
【47题详解】
考查动名词。句意：对野火风险的了解可能不一定会劝阻购房者，尤其是在住房短缺的情况下。分析句子可知，空格处应填入动名词作主语，置于句首首字母应大写。故填Knowing。
【48题详解】
考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词作状语。especial的副词形式为especially，意为“尤其；特别”。故填especially。
【49题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：但野火专家表示，房主仍然可以采取许多措施来让他们的房子更安全，比如砍伐房屋旁边的树木，使用防火建筑材料。根据空格前的many可知，空格处应填入名词复数形式。故填steps。
【50题详解】
考查介词。句意：同上。next to意为“在……旁边”，符合句意。故填to。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及-.个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号( Ʌ),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的间下划一横线,并在该词下而写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11 处起)不计分。
Winter is my favourite seasons. It is very cold and everyone had to wear thick warm clothes, but I always enjoy the winter here in Harbin.
The temperature is usually below the zero and it is often snowy. Everything covered in deep white snow but the lakes and rivers are frozen,
During this season, we cannot see colorful flowers or green trees, but the land is quiet and beauty.
My friends and I love playing outside in winter. It is excited to have big snowball fights for us. They also make snowmen and use carrots for their noses, what look funny.
Harbin’s winter is such great that it attracts tourists from all over the country.
【答案】1. seasons→season 2. had→has 3. 删除zero前的the 4. 在covered前加is
5. but→and 6. beauty→beautiful 7. excited→exciting 8. They→We 9. what→which 10. such→so
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了作者最喜欢的季节——冬季。
【详解】1.考查名词。句意：冬天是我最喜欢的季节。根据主语“Winter”可知，此处是说“冬天是我最喜欢的季节”。主语是单数，表语也应用名词单数形式。故将seasons改为season。
2.考查动词的时态。句意：天气很冷，每个人都必须穿上厚厚的保暖衣服，但我总是喜欢哈尔滨的冬天。根据“It is very cold”可知，此处表示客观事实，应用一般现在时态。主语everyone是不定代词，表示单数，故谓语动词用单数。故将had改为has。
3.考查冠词。句意：气温通常低于零度，而且经常下雪。“below+数词”是固定用法，表示“在……以下”。故将the删除。
4.考查动词的时态和语态。句意：一切都被厚厚的白雪覆盖。分析句子可知，此处是并列句。第一个分句的主语Everything与动词cover是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态。且句子用一般现在时态。故在 covered前加is。
5.考查连词。句意：在这个季节，我们看不到五颜六色的花或绿色的树，而且这片土地安静而美丽。分析句子可知，we cannot see colorful flowers or green trees与the land is quiet and beauty是并列关系而不是转折关系。故将but改为and。
6.考查形容词。句意：同上。根据and前的形容词quiet 可知，and后也应跟形容词形式作表语。故将beauty改为beautiful。
7.考查形容词。句意：对于我们来说，打雪仗是令人兴奋的。分析句子可知，it是形式主语，to have big snowball fights是句子真正的主语。此处说明“打雪仗是令人兴奋的”，应用exciting作表语，表示“令人兴奋的”。excited意为“感到兴奋的；感到激动的”。故将excited改为exciting。
8.考查人称代词。句意：我们还堆雪人，用胡萝卜做鼻子，看起来很有趣。根据上文“My friends and I love playing outside in winter. ”可知，此处指“我们还堆雪人”，故将They改为We。
9.考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子可知，此处是非限定性定语从句。先行词是snowmen，指物，故用关系代词which。故将what 改为which。
10.考查副词。句意：哈尔滨的冬天非常棒，吸引了来自全国各地的游客。“主语+be+so+形容词+that从句”是固定结构，修饰形容词应用副词so，such后接名词或名词性短语。故将such改为so。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是李华。你的英国笔友Mark打算参加学校正在举办的以中国电影为主题的英语征文比赛，发邮件请你提供一些建议。请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 给出建议；
2. 表达祝愿。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Mark,
I’m so delighted to hear that you will participate in the writing competition themed on Chinese films being held by your school. As for how to write about Chinese films, I’d like to give you some suggestions.
To start with, before writing the article, you’d better look up some information from the Internet or magazines related to Chinese films. What’s more, it would be wise to focus on meaningful and recently-released films. For example, there is a popular film named My Father and Me, which consists of several different stories. Each story is short but moving.
I hope my advice can be of some help and that you can win a prize in the competition. Best regards!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Mark回复一封邮件，为他打算参加学校正在举办的以中国电影为主题的英语征文比赛提供一些建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→pleased
建议：suggestion→proposal
专注于：focus on→concentrate on
关于：as for→with respect to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To start with, before writing the article, you’d better look up some information from the Internet or magazines related to Chinese films.
拓展句：To start with, before writing the article, you’d better look up some information from the Internet or magazines which is related to Chinese films.
【点睛】[高分句型1] For example, there is a popular film named My Father and Me, which consists of several different stories. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I hope my advice can be of some help and that you can win a prize in the competition. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
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