资料中包含下列文件，点击文件名可预览资料内容
还剩22页未读，
继续阅读
所属成套资源：2023重庆市主城区七校高一上学期期末考试（新）及答案(九科)
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
2023重庆市主城区七校高一上学期期末考试英语含解析（含听力）
展开
2022—2023学年（上）期末考试
高2025届英语试题
考试说明: 1.考试时间 120 分钟
2. 试题总分 150分
3. 试卷页数 10页
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman enjoy doing now?
A. Playing chess. B. Playing the piano. C. Singing.
2. Where is Dr Brown’s Office?
A. On the fifth floor. B. On the sixth floor. C. On the eighth floor.
3. What does the man think about the woman?
A. She is old. B. She is short. C. She is beautiful.
4. How many times has the woman seen the film?
A. Twice. B. Four times. C. Eight times.
5. What does the woman think of the exhibition?
A. It is wonderful. B. It is uninteresting. C. It is disappointing.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the woman congratulate the man?
A. He can drive well now. B. He got his first car. C. He bought a sports car.
7. Where are the speakers going?
A. To the beach. B. To the man’s house. C. To a car repair shop.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What makes the girl nervous?
A. The coming test. B. Being late for school. C. Her unfinished homework.
9. Why does the girl want to eat fish porridge?
A. It will calm her down.
B. It will help her think clearly.
C. It is the most satisfying food.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The colors of the clothes they are wearing.
B. The colors of their classrooms.
C. The effects of colors on people.
11. What color is the weight room?
A. Red. B. Blue. C. Pink.
12. What does the man say about the color red?
A. It increases people’s heart rates.
B. It makes people angry.
C. It helps people relax.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What’s wrong with the girl?
A. She is ill. B. She is tired. C. She is anxious.
14. Where will the girl be studying?
A. In London. B. In Beijing. C. In New York.
15. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Father and daughter. B. Teacher and student. C. Classmates.
16. How will the girl probably communicate with her parents?
A. By writing letters. B. By making phone calls. C. By using the internet.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What’s the purpose of the talk?
A. To advertise a shop.
B. To ask listeners to make donations.
C. To share a heart-warming story with listeners.
18. Why do people like the shop?
A. It sells cheaper items.
B. It is convenient.
C. It has different products.
19. What did the speaker get from the girl?
A. Seven coins. B. A small toy horse. C. A plastic bracelet.
20. How did the speaker feel in the end?
A. Ashamed. B. Delighted. C. Disappointed.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Community partners need you!
Swissvale Farmers Market
We’re looking for students to help us set up and take down our tent and spend the morning under the tent with us. Activities include some heavy lifting (optional), engaging with community members, picking up litter, handling small sales and lots of breaks!
Time: September 10, 2022 8:30 am – 1:15 pm
Food Pantry Distribution
The CHS Food Pantry needs volunteers to assist during preparation and distribution (分发) each week. This involves sorting food, stocking shelves, preparing the outdoor market, and assisting families. Customer service skills are important as volunteers may be assisting families directly. Understanding different socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds is helpful.
If interested in volunteering, please contact Colin McWhertor (cmcwhertor@chscorp.org or 412-246-1639).
Time: September 1, 2022 – December 22, 2022 Wednesday: 1:30 pm – 6:00 pm Thursday: 1:30 pm – 6:00 pm
Garbage Olympics 2022
Join us for Garbage Olympics! A Pittsburgh wide competition between neighborhoods to see who can get the most litter and garbage off our beloved city streets! This year, we are competing against each other as well as the entire city! Teams A, B, and C will race to see who can get the most garbage collected!
We’ll have all the supplies ready, and will explain the rules to everyone before the event starts.
Time: September 17, 2022 8:00 am – 11:00 am
1. What do Swissvale Farmers Market project and Garbage Olympics 2022 have in common?
A. Both start from 8:00 am in the neighborhoods.
B. Both include setting up tents.
C. Both require volunteers to gather rubbish.
D. Both involve team competitions.
2. What is required of an applicant for the CHS Food Pantry?
A. Customer service skills.
B. A degree in social economics.
C. Work experiences at a food company.
D. A different cultural background.
3. Where are you most likely to read this article?
A. In a research report. B. In a social magazine.
C. In a travel brochure. D. At a volunteer matching website.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个社区活动的招募广告。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据Swissvale Farmers Market部分中“Activities include some heavy lifting (optional), engaging with community members, picking up litter. (活动包括一些拎重物(可选)，与社区成员接触，捡垃圾。)”以及Garbage Olympics 2022部分中“A Pittsburgh wide competition between neighborhoods to see who can get the most litter and garbage off our beloved city streets! (一场匹兹堡社区间的比赛，看谁能从我们心爱的城市街道上清除最多的垃圾和垃圾!)”可知，两个活动的共通之处在于清除垃圾。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Food Pantry Distribution部分中“ Customer service skills are important as volunteers may be assisting families directly.(客户服务技能很重要，因为志愿者可能直接帮助家庭。)”可知，在申请该活动中，掌握客户服务技能很重要。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章标题“Community partners need you!(社区伙伴需要你!)”可知，文章介绍了三个社区活动的招募广告，三个活动招募的都是志愿者。故推断文章出自于寻找志愿者网站。故选D。
B
Three very strong women — my mother, my grandmother and Melinda — deserve big credit for helping me become the man I am today. But Blanche Caffiere, a very kind teacher and librarian I’ve never written about before, also had a huge influence on me.
Mrs. Caffiere died in 2006, shortly after reaching her 100th birthday. Before she passed away, I had an opportunity to visit her and thank her for the important role she played in my life.
When I first met Mrs. Caffiere, she was the elegant and engaging school librarian at Seattle’s View Ridge Elementary, and I was a fourth grader. I was desperately trying to go unnoticed, because I had some big weaknesses, like dysgraphia (书写障碍), and had a totally messy desk with books around. And I was trying to hide the fact that I liked to read — something that was cool for girls but not for boys.
Mrs. Caffiere took me under her wings and helped make it okay for me to be a messy, nerdy boy who was reading lots of books. She pulled me out of my shell. She started by asking questions like, “What do you like to read?” and “What are you interested in?” Then she found me a lot of books. For example, she gave me great biographies she had read. Once I’d read them, she would make the time to discuss them with me. “Did you like the book? Why? What did you learn?” She listened to what I had to say patiently. Through those book conversations in the library and in the classroom we became good friends.
Teachers generally don’t want to burden their students with extra reading beyond the homework they’ve given. But I learned from Mrs. Caffiere that my teachers had so much knowledge to share. Looking back on it, there’s no question that my time with Mrs. Caffiere helped spark my interest in libraries and my focus on helping every child in America get the benefit of great teachers. I should give great thanks to the devoted teacher and librarian who helped me find my strengths when I was nine years old. It’s remarkable how much power one good person can have in shaping the life of a child.
4 Which of the following best describes the writer when he was in his fourth grade?
A. Elegant and engaging B. Shy and untidy
C. Weak and desperate D. Curious and friendly
5. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. She forced the writer to read more books.
B. She helped the writer to overcome his weaknesses.
C. She turned the writer into a book lover.
D. She encouraged the writer not to hide his love of reading.
6. What do we know about Mrs. Caffiere?
A. She had the greatest influence on the writer.
B. She influenced the writer’s decision on helping American children.
C. She used to give the writer too much homework to help him learn.
D. She hadn’t seen the writer since he left the school.
7. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. A Teacher Who Changed My Life.
B. The Story of a Kind Teacher.
C. My School Life with Great Teachers.
D. Every Student Deserves to Be Encouraged.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。害羞、不整洁的作者羞于让人知道自己喜欢阅读，此时遇到学校的老师兼图书管理员Blanche Caffiere太太，她鼓励作者阅读，表达，大方展示出对阅读的喜欢，老师的做法对作者产生了极大的影响，也导致了作者在未来的关于帮助美国儿童的决定，可见一个好的老师对孩子的影响力是非凡的。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“I was desperately trying to go unnoticed, because I had some big weaknesses, like dysgraphia (书写障碍), and had a totally messy desk with books around. (我拼命地想不被人注意，因为我有一些很大的弱点，比如书写障碍，而且桌子上堆满了书)”可知，作者当时因为自身有书写障碍等弱点，很不自信，不希望大家关注他，回避众人的关注，而且课桌上书本凌乱堆放。故选B项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“And I was trying to hide the fact that I liked to read — something that was cool for girls but not for boys. (我试图掩盖我喜欢阅读的事实——一些对女孩来说很酷，但对男孩来说不太合适的东西。)”可知，作者喜欢看书，但是不想被人知道；第四段“Mrs. Caffiere took me under her wings and helped make it okay for me to be a messy, nerdy boy who was reading lots of books. (卡菲埃太太对我呵护有加，帮助我（知道）成为一个邋遢、书呆子、读了很多书的男孩没什么大不了)”可知，卡菲埃太太改变了作者的观点，喜欢阅读不是坏事，以及下文“She started by asking questions like, ‘What do you like to read?’ and ‘What are you interested in?’ Then she found me a lot of books. For example, she gave me great biographies she had read. Once I’d read them, she would make the time to discuss them with me. ‘Did you like the book? Why? What did you learn?’ She listened to what I had to say patiently. (她首先问了这样的问题：‘你喜欢读什么书？’以及‘你对什么感兴趣？’然后她给我找了很多书。例如，她给了我她读过的伟大传记。一旦我读了，她就会抽出时间和我讨论。‘你喜欢这本书吗？为什么？你学到了什么？’她耐心地听我说。)”可知，卡菲埃太太鼓励作者读书，还耐心跟作者交流。由此推知，She pulled me out of my shell，是指卡菲埃太太通过鼓励作者读书、交流，使作者从“试图掩盖喜欢阅读的事实”转为“能与老师进行阅读交流”的男孩，老师鼓励作者大方展示出对阅读的喜爱。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Looking back on it, there’s no question that my time with Mrs. Caffiere helped spark my interest in libraries and my focus on helping every child in America get the benefit of great teachers. I should give great thanks to the devoted teacher and librarian who helped me find my strengths when I was nine years old. It’s remarkable how much power one good person can have in shaping the life of a child. (现在回想起来，毫无疑问，我和卡菲埃太太在一起的时光激发了我对图书馆的兴趣，并让我专注于帮助美国的每一个孩子都能从优秀教师那里受益。我要非常感谢那位尽心尽力的老师兼图书管理员，在我9岁时，她帮助我发现了自己的长处。一个好人能对一个孩子的一生产生多大的影响，这是不可思议的)”可知，卡菲埃太太对作者影响很大，她的引导最终影响了作者关于帮助美国儿童的决定。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段最后一句“But Blanche Caffiere, a very kind teacher and librarian I’ve never written about before, also had a huge influence on me. (但布兰奇·卡菲埃，一位非常善良的老师和图书管理员，我以前从未写过，对我也有巨大的影响)”可知，本文介绍了一位影响作者人生方向的老师兼图书管理员，卡菲埃太太。故选A项。
C
The sporty all-electric car from the Netherlands resembles a BMW coupe, but is unique: It captures more carbon than it emits.
“Our end goal is to create a more sustainable future,” said Jens Lahaije, finance manager for TU/ecomotive, the Eindhoven University of Technology student team that created the car.
Called ZEM, for zero emission mobility, the two-seater houses a Cleantron lithium-ion (锂离子) battery pack, and most of its parts are 3D-printed from recycled plastics, Lahaije said. The target is to minimize carbon dioxide emitted during the car’s full lifespan, from manufacturing to recycling, he added.
Battery electric vehicles emit virtually no CO2 during operation compared with fuel vehicles, but battery cell production can create so much pollution that it can take EVs (Electric Vehicles) tens of thousands of miles to achieve “carbon parity (相等)” with comparable fossil-fueled models.
“Direct air capture is a fairly new method of cleaning the air by capturing CO2 into a filter (过滤器). We have made use of this innovative technology and implemented this in our car. The idea is very simple: while we’re driving air will move through our self-designed filters and the CO2 will be captured and stored.”
ZEM uses two filters that can capture up to 2 kilograms of CO2 over 20,000 miles of driving, the Eindhoven team estimated. They imagine a future when filters can be emptied at charging stations.
The students are showing their vehicle on a US promotional tour to universities and companies from the East Coast to Silicon Valley.
8. What does the article tell us about ZEM?
A. The four-seater is equipped with a lithium-ion battery pack.
B. All of its parts are modern plastics.
C. The process of manufacturing the car creates little pollution.
D. The CO2 can be caught and stored while we’re driving.
9. What does the underlined word “emit” mean in paragraph 4?
A. take in B. give off C. put aside D. clear off
10. What is the main idea of paragraph 5?
A. What challenges the students met.
B. How the students got this idea.
C. How this innovative technology works.
D. How this technology can be improved.
11. What’s the best title for this passage?
A. A Newly-invented Sporty Car Has Gained Great Popularity.
B. All-electric Car or Fuel-engine Car?
C. Dutch Students Devise Carbon-eating Electric Vehicle.
D. The Advantages of the Sporty All-electric Car.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍荷兰Eindhoven University of Technology的学生团队研发了一款能吸收碳的电动汽车。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The sporty all-electric car from the Netherlands resembles a BMW coupe, but is unique: It captures more carbon than it emits.(这辆来自荷兰的运动型全电动汽车类似于宝马双门跑车，但很独特：它捕获的碳比排放的碳多)”和倒数第三段的“The idea is very simple: while we’re driving, air will move through our self-designed filters and the CO2 will be captured and stored.(这个想法很简单：当我们开车时，空气将通过我们自行设计的过滤器，二氧化碳将被捕获并储存)”可知，关于ZEM文章告诉我们，驾驶时二氧化碳会被捕获并保存。故选D。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后“but battery cell production can create so much pollution that it can take EVs (Electric Vehicles) tens of thousands of miles to achieve “carbon parity (相等)” with comparable fossil-fueled models.(但电池的生产会造成大量污染，因此电动汽车需要行驶数万英里才能实现“碳当量”与化石燃料模型相当)”中表示转折意义的but可知，全句是指“对比燃油汽车，电动汽车几乎不会排放二氧化碳，但生产电池时所产生的污染相当于燃油汽车行驶数万英里所带来的污染量”，由此可知emit意为“排放”，与give off同义。故选B。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段““Direct air capture is a fairly new method of cleaning the air by capturing CO2 into a filter (过滤器). We have made use of this innovative technology and implemented this in our car. The idea is very simple: while we’re driving, air will move through our self-designed filters and the CO2 will be captured and stored.”(“直接空气捕获是一种通过将CO2捕获到过滤器中来清洁空气的新方法(过滤器),我们已经利用了这项创新技术，并将其应用于我们的汽车中。这个想法很简单：当我们开车时，空气将通过我们自行设计的过滤器，二氧化碳将被捕获并储存。”)”可知，本段主要介绍了这种创新技术的工作原理。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，并结合第一段“The sporty all-electric car from the Netherlands resembles a BMW coupe, but is unique: It captures more carbon than it emits.(这辆来自荷兰的运动型全电动汽车类似于宝马双门跑车，但很独特：它捕获的碳比排放的碳多)”可知，文章主要介绍荷兰Eindhoven University of Technology的学生团队研发了一款能吸收碳的电动汽车。因此C项“荷兰学生发明减碳电动汽车”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选C。
D
Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical (实证的) basis. They are discovering how to design space that promotes creativity, keeps people focused and leads to relaxation.
Researchers show that aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2007, Joan Meyers-Levy at the University of Minnesota, reported that the height of a room’s ceiling affects how people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead them to make more abstract connections. Lower ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook.
In addition to ceiling height, the view afforded by a building may influence a person’s ability to concentrate. Nancy Wells and her colleagues at Cornell University found in their study that kids who experienced the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gains in a standard test of attention. According to another study at the University of Georgia, using nature to improve the focus of attention seems to pay off academically. They found that students in classroom with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores in tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than those students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.
A recent study on room lighting design suggests that dim (暗淡的) light helps people to loosen up. If that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation. Researchers of Harvard Medical School also discovered that furniture with rounded edges could help visitors relax.
So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings. “We have a very limited number of studies, so we’re almost looking at the problem through a straw,” architect David Allison says, “How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad, generalized use of them? That’s what we’re all struggling with.”
12. What can we learn from the second paragraph?
A. Lower ceilings may promote creativity.
B. Lower ceilings make people think more freely.
C. Higher ceilings inspire creative thinking.
D. Higher ceilings encourage people to focus on details.
13. Where are students more likely to get higher grades?
A. In the classroom with dim light.
B. In the classroom with round-edged furniture.
C. In the classroom close to roads or parking lots.
D. In the classroom surrounded by open greenness.
14. What can we infer from architect David Allison’s words?
A. More researches need to be done to work out generalized patterns.
B. Scientists have a very limited number of studies.
C. The problem is too difficult for researchers to solve.
D. The research has given exact answers to the problem.
15. What’s the text mainly about?
A. The importance of house design.
B. Scientific researches on space design.
C. The effects of ceiling design.
D. A new trend of space design.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章一项科学调查，调查发现我们居住的环境可以影响我们的想法、感觉和行为。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead them to make more abstract connections. Lower ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook. (她的研究表明，更高的天花板鼓励人们更自由地思考，这可能会导致他们建立更抽象的联系。另一方面，较低的天花板可能会激发更详细的前景)”可知，高的天花板，可以促进人们自由的思考，建立抽象的联系，从而更具有创造性。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章的第三段“They found that students in classroom with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores in tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than those students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.(他们发现，与那些教室主要忽略道路和停车场的学生相比，在窗户外至少50英尺处视野畅通的教室里的学生在词汇、语言艺术和数学测试中得分更高)”可知，视野畅通的教室有利于学生获得更高的分。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““We have a very limited number of studies, so we’re almost looking at the problem through a straw,” architect David Allison says, “How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad, generalized use of them? That’s what we’re all struggling with.”(“我们的研究数量非常有限，所以我们几乎是在用稻草来看待这个问题，”建筑师大卫·艾利森说，“你如何回答非常具体的问题，并广泛、广泛地使用这些问题？这就是我们都在努力解决的问题。”)”可推知，我们的研究数量有限，所以需要更多的研究来找出广义模式。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors.(建筑师长期以来一直认为，我们居住的地方会影响我们的思想、感受和行为)”可知，本文主要介绍了我们居住的地方会长期的影响我们的思想、感受和行为，即空间设计的科学研究。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
The thought of a natural disaster can be frightening, but preparing for the most likely disasters, such as tornadoes, hurricanes, floods, fires, and winter storms, is necessary. ___16___You can develop an emergency plan for your family in case of a natural disaster, including household information, out-of-town contacts and school, workplace, and childcare contact information and emergency first aid. Add your evacuation routes and shelter plans as well.
More importantly, you have to monitor potential (潜在的) disasters. ____17____ Watch news and weather reports in your region so that you can be aware of potential disasters in the area. You can also download apps for your smart phone that will warn you of potential disasters near your location.
____18____ If your family is at risk for exposure to a natural disaster, explain to them what’s happening. Review your emergency preparedness plan so that everyone knows what to do in the event of a disaster.
Thirdly, track the progress of forthcoming disasters. Check back with your news station frequently so that you’ll be aware of changes in weather or conditions that could alter the course of a disaster. ____19____ In this way, you’ll be well informed of what’s happening.
Finally, evacuate before disaster strikes, if possible. If danger is coming in your area, evacuate before it strikes. ____20____ So be sure to follow their instructions. If you aren’t able to evacuate, shelter in place until it’s safe to leave the area.
A. For instance, creating a plan is a good idea.
B. Make a contact card for each member of the family.
C. Secondly, prepare family members for what may happen.
D. You may not know what kind of disaster is about to strike.
E. To achieve this, firstly, identify potential threatening situations.
F. Your local authority may order evacuations if a natural disaster is coming.
G. Sign up to receive alerts or updates from your local government or weather service.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. C 19. G 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章建议家庭制定一个应急计划，以防发生自然灾害。
【16题详解】
上文“The thought of a natural disaster can be frightening, but preparing for the most likely disasters, such as tornadoes, hurricanes, floods, fires, and winter storms, is necessary. (想到自然灾害可能会让人害怕，但为最可能发生的灾难做好准备，如龙卷风、飓风、洪水、火灾和冬季风暴，是必要的)”说明各种各样的自然灾害都有可能发生，选项D“你可能不知道什么样的灾难即将来临。”承接上文，说明自然灾害是无常的，人们可能不知道会遇到什么样的灾难。故选D项。
【17题详解】
上文“More importantly, you have to monitor potential (潜在的) disasters. (更重要的是，你必须监控潜在的灾难)”说明监控潜在灾难的重要性，选项E“要做到这一点，首先，识别潜在威胁的情况。”承接上文，建议识别潜在威胁的情况。选项中potential threatening situations和上文中potential disasters语义一致。故选E项。
【18题详解】
下文“If your family is at risk for exposure to a natural disaster, explain to them what’s happening. Review your emergency preparedness plan so that everyone knows what to do in the event of a disaster. (如果你的家人有遭受自然灾害的风险，向他们解释要发生什么。回顾你的应急准备计划，以便每个人都知道在灾难发生时该做什么)”建议要让家人对灾难都有所准备，选项C“其次，让家庭成员为可能发生的事情做好准备。”概括本段大意，说明要让家人有所准备。故选C项。
【19题详解】
下文“In this way, you’ll be well informed of what’s happening. (用这种方法，你会很清楚将会发生什么事)”说明这种方法能清楚将来会发生什么事，选项G“注册接收当地政府或气象服务的警报或更新。”和下文存在因果关系。下文中this way指选项中所提供的方法，语义一致。故选G项。
【20题详解】
下文“So be sure to follow their instructions. (所以一定要听从他们的指示)”说明要听从指挥，选项F“如果自然灾害即将来临，当地政府可能会下令疏散。”和下文存在因果关系。下文中代词their指代选项中Your local authority，语义一致。故选F项。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The trainers in my gym are mainly students, working alongside their studies at the local sport and health university, so most of them are ___21___ young.
Being one of their regular ___22___ , I often offered an open ear especially when I ___23___ that some of them were uncertain about something, “coaching” a couple of them, when they had to make ___24___ or had problems with work etc. Usually I don’t hear back if it ___25___.
But today my trainer told me that he had a ___26___ for me from another trainer who recently stopped working at the gym.
She had quite a long commute (通勤) and we ___27___ about her staying, leaving, another job, how to explain it to her current boss etc. The owner of the gym can be pretty ___28___ and made up quite a lot of stuff about another employee who left, ___29___ his reputation.
So today I learned that she ___30___ and went to get another job with a ___31___ commute, but she wasn’t slandered (诋毁) like the other guy. She ___32___ me a short handwritten note, roughly translating into: “thank you for the help in ___33___ my mind and especially for helping me to find the right ___34___ for my boss.” It made my ___35___! I am happy she could leave without ill feelings.
21. A. obviously B. specifically C. fairly D. likely
22. A. customers B. trainers C. owners D. employees
23. A. listened B. talked C. mastered D. sensed
24. A. mistakes B. decisions C. changes D. suggestions
25. A. worked B. mattered C. continued D. solved
26. A. notice B. note C. letter D. word
27. A. requested B. asked C. commented D. debated
28. A. amazed B. annoyed C. confused D. frightened
29. A. destroying B. establishing C. ruining D. preserving
30. A. finished B. accepted C. agreed D. quit
31. A. shorter B. longer C. farther D. better
32 A. gave B. sent C. left D. passed
33. A. making sure B. making up C. making up of D. making out
34. A. vocabulary B. sentences C. phrases D. words
35. A. happiness B. day C. moment D. time
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者去健身房锻炼的时候，得到教练帮助的同时，也会帮助这些年轻的教练们。在互相帮助的过程中，他们也获得了更好的人际关系。
【21题详解】
考查副词形容词词义辨析。句意：我的健身房的教练主要是学生，他们在当地的体育与健康大学学习，所以他们大多数都相当年轻。A. obviously明显地；B. specifically明确地；C. fairly相当地；D. likely可能的。根据前文“The trainers in my gym are mainly students”可知，健身房的教练主要是学生，所以都相当年轻。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为他们的常客，我经常倾听，特别是当我感觉到他们中的一些人对某些事情不确定的时候，当他们不得不做决定或在工作中遇到问题时，我“指导”了他们中的一些人。A. customers顾客；B. trainers教员；C. owners主人；D. employees雇员。根据后文“But today my trainer told me that he had a 6 for me from another trainer who recently stopped working at the gym.”可知，“我”有教练，所以“我”是健身房的客户。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为他们常客，我经常倾听，特别是当我感觉到他们中的一些人对某些事情不确定的时候，当他们不得不做决定或在工作中遇到问题时，我“指导”了他们中的一些人。A. listened听；B. talked说话；C. mastered精通；D. sensed感觉到。根据前文“I often offered an open ear”和后文“that some of them were uncertain about something”可知，当“我”意识到这些人对一些事情没有把握时，“我”会倾听，提出意见。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为他们的常客，我经常倾听，特别是当我感觉到他们中的一些人对某些事情不确定的时候，当他们不得不做决定或在工作中遇到问题时，我“指导”了他们中的一些人。A. mistakes错误；B. decisions决定；C. changes改变；D. suggestions建议。根据空后的“had problems with work”以及下文“Thank you for the help in 13 my mind”可知，作者在教练换工作的决定中起了一定作用，所以，此处指当他们做决定或遇到问题时，作者就出来“指导”他们。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常情况下，如果奏效，我不会收到回复。A. worked起作用；奏效；B. mattered要紧；C. continued持续；D. solved解决。空前的“Usually I don’t hear back if it”与后文那个女教练感谢作者的举动形成对比，一般情况下，作者只是给他们提出建议，但即使建议有效，作者也听不到他们的回应。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是今天我的教练告诉我，他有另一个教练给我的便条，这个教练最近不在健身房工作了。A. notice通知；B. note便条；C. letter信；D. word言语。根据后文“She 12 me a short handwritten note”可知，那个女教练给作者留了便条。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的通勤时间很长，我们就她的去留、换一份工作、如何向她现在的老板解释等问题展开了讨论。A. requested请求；B. asked询问；C. commented表达意见；D. debated讨论。结合空后的“her staying, leaving, another job, how to explain it”可知，作者就那个女教练辞职前的一系列问题与她讨论。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：健身房的老板可能会很生气，编造一大堆关于另一个离开的员工的事情，毁了他的声誉。A. amazed吃惊的；B. annoyed生气；C. confused困惑的；D. frightened害怕的。根据后文“made up quite a lot of stuff about another employee who left”可知，老板会编造一大堆关于另一个离开的员工的事情，所以老板可能是生气的。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：健身房的老板可能会很生气，编造一大堆关于另一个离开的员工的事情，毁了他的声誉。A. destroying摧毁；B. establishing创立；C. ruining毁坏；D. preserving保护。根据前文“made up quite a lot of stuff about another employee who left”可知，老板编造一大堆关于另一个离开的员工的事情，毁了他的声誉。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以今天我得知她辞职去找了一份通勤时间更短的工作，但她不像另一个人那样受到诽谤。A. finished完成；B. accepted接受；C. agreed同意；D. quit退出。根据后文“went to get another job”可知，她换了工作，所以是辞职了。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以今天我得知她辞职去找了一份通勤时间更短的工作，但她不像另一个人那样受到诽谤。A. shorter更短的；B. longer比较长的；C. farther更远的；D. better较好的。根据前文“She had quite a long commute”可知，她辞职的原因是因为通勤时间长，所以换的工作应该有更短的通勤时间。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她给我留下了一张简短的手写便条。A. gave给；B. sent邮寄；C. left留下；D. passed通过。根据前文“But today my trainer told me that he had a 6 for me from another trainer who recently stopped working at the gym.”可知，她给“我”留下了一张便条。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：谢谢你帮我下定决心，尤其是帮我选择合适的词语来向我的老板解释。A. making sure确保；B. making up编造；C. making up of由……组成；D. making out看出。根据前文“we 7 about her staying, leaving, another job, how to explain it to her current boss etc.”可知，“我”曾和她讨论她的问题，所以是帮助她下定决心。make up one's mind“下定决心”。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：谢谢你帮我下定决心，尤其是帮我选择合适的词语来向我的老板解释。A. vocabulary词汇；B. sentences句子；C. phrases短语；D. words话语。根据前文“but she wasn’t slandered (诋毁) like the other guy”可知，她没有像之前的员工一样被诋毁，因为“我”帮她找到了合适的词语向老板解释。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这让我很开心!A. happiness幸福；B. day白天；C. moment片刻；D. time时间。根据后文“I am happy she could leave without ill feelings.”可知，“我”很高兴帮到她，所以“make one’s day”为固定搭配意为“让某人高兴”符合句意。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
During the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, holidaymakers tend to choose short trips and homestays in Beijing’s suburbs have seen increasing reservations.
“The number of guests will be doubled in the coming Qingming Festival,” an owner of a homestay ___36___ the capital’s Yanqing area told Beijing Business Today. With flowers in full bloom in the springtime and temperatures rising, people are eager to enjoy outdoor activities. According to travel service and social networking platform Mafengwo, keywords such as “flower ___37___ (appreciate)”, “camping” and “cycling” are key search items. Sales of tickets to some public parks and holiday resorts accounted for nearly 80 percent of the total tourist ____38____ (attraction), data from Qunar showed. The increase in local tours ____39____(present) opportunities for the homestay industry, ___40___ can tackle the industry’s poor performance due to the effects of the pandemic.
The report on tourism operations of 2021 and development forecast of 2022 ____41____(conduct) by China Tourism Academy pointed out that, for 2022, the pandemic will remain the biggest uncertain factor ____42____ (affect) tourism sector’s recovery.
Owing to the virus, local tours are the main means of traveling at present, said Wang Xingbin, ___43___ expert of tourism. Wang said ____44____ requires more observation (观察) for how the tourism industry enters recovery. “Affected by the pandemic, the tourism industry becomes fragile and requires support,” Wang said. He added that the tourism industry is expected to suffer from a ____45____ (relative) long period of difficulties under the pandemic.
【答案】36. in 37. appreciating##appreciation
38. attractions
39. presents
40. which 41. conducted
42. affecting
43. an 44. it
45. relatively
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在新冠肺炎疫情爆发期间，度假者倾向于选择短途旅行。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：“即将到来的清明节，客人的数量将翻倍，”首都延庆地区一家民宿的老板告诉《北京商报》。名词area前用介词in。故填in。
【37题详解】
考查名词或动名词。句意：根据旅游服务和社交网络平台蚂蜂窝的数据，“赏花”、“露营”和“骑行”等关键词都是热门搜索项。介词as后接名词或动名词形式。故填appreciating /appreciation。
【38题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：去哪儿网的数据显示，一些公园和度假胜地的门票销售额占到旅游景点总数的近80%。名词attraction为可数名词，根据nearly 80 percent可知，用名词的复数形式。故填attractions。
【39题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当地旅游的增加为民宿行业提供了机会，可以解决因新冠肺炎疫情而导致的业绩不佳问题。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语是The increase，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填presents。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：当地旅游的增加为民宿行业提供了机会，可以解决因新冠肺炎疫情而导致的业绩不佳问题。先行词指代前面的句子，作主语。用关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句。故填which。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国旅游研究院发布的《2021年旅游运营报告及2022年发展预测》指出，到2022年，疫情仍将是影响旅游业复苏的最大不确定因素。分析句子结构可知，这里为非谓语动词作定语。名词report与conduct之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填conducted。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国旅游研究院发布的《2021年旅游运营报告及2022年发展预测》指出，到2022年，疫情仍将是影响旅游业复苏的最大不确定因素。分析句子结构可知，这里为非谓语动词作定语。名词factor与affect之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填affecting。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：旅游专家王兴斌表示，受新冠肺炎疫情影响，本地游是目前旅游的主要方式。名词expert为可数名词，泛指，且发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
【44题详解】
考查代词。句意：王说，旅游业如何进入复苏需要更多的观察。代指从句how the tourism industry enters recovery，用代词it。故填it。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：他补充说，在疫情下，旅游业预计将遭受较长时间的困难。形容词long前用副词形式。故填relatively。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 单句填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面句子，根据所给汉语或单词提示，填出单词的正确形式。
46. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who______________(trap)and to bury the dead. （所给词的正确形式填空）
【答案】were trapped
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：地震发生后不久，军队派遣15万士兵前往唐山，挖掘被困人员并掩埋死者。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，根据上文sent判断为一般过去时，主语who指代先行词those（那些人）为复数意义，且和trap之间为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were trapped。
【点睛】
47. Customers are willing to pay only because products or services are of some value to them, ________ (regard) of where they make their purchases. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】regardless
【解析】
【详解】考查副词短语。句意：顾客愿意付钱只是因为产品或服务对他们有一定的价值，无论他们在哪里购买。regardless of表示“不管；不顾”，固定短语，符合句意。故填regardless。
48. Most people believe it’s best to learn foreign languages when they’re young to reach native-like ________ (fluent). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】fluency
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：大多数人认为，年轻时学习外语最好，能达到像母语一样的流利程度。根据前文动词reach可知，此处应用名词fluency(不可数)作宾语。故填fluency。
49. The government is working on designing a new app, which is thought to be a good ________ (解决办法) to promoting better garbage classification. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】solution
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：政府正在设计一个新的应用程序，这被认为是一个很好的解决方案，以促进更好的垃圾分类。a后接单数名词，解决办法为“solution”。故填solution。
50. The international cooperation and applications of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) _________ (base) on the principles of openness, coordination and sharing. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】are based
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。句意：北斗卫星导航系统的国际合作和应用坚持开放、协调、共享的原则。be based on根据； 以……为基准。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语是The international cooperation and applications of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS)，谓语动词用复数形式。根据句意，故填are based。
51. The uplifting performances of Chinese _________ (运动员) have significantly raised the profile of winter sports in the country. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】athletes
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：中国运动员振奋人心的表现显著提高了冬季运动在中国的知名度。形容词Chinese后接名词形式。根据名词performances 可知，指许多运动员，所以用名词的复数形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填athletes。
52. They knew that their chances of taking part in the Olympic Games were becoming ________ (slim) every day as they aged. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】slimmer
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：他们知道，随着年龄的增长，他们参加奥运会的机会一天比一天渺茫。系动词 become后接形容词作表语。结合句意可知，用形容词的比较级形式。根据句意，故填slimmer。
53. Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO, which runs a program that prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from _________ (消失). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】disappearing
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：也许最好的例子是联合国教科文组织，该组织开展了一个防止世界各地世界文化遗产消失的项目。prevent...from doing sth.防止……做某事。根据句意，故填disappearing。
54. The result is _________ (极其) confusing and surprising even to most scientists. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】extremely
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：这个结果甚至让大多数科学家都感到非常困惑和惊讶。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的形容词，应该用副词修饰，根据所给中文提示词，应是extremely意为“极其”。故填extremely。
55. Graduates with _________ (高等的) degrees will be appointed to management posts. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】advanced
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：具有高学历的毕业生将聘任管理岗位。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语。表示“高等的”用advanced。故填advanced。
56. Students have had online classes for several times since the novel coronavirus pandemic ________ (strike) in 2020. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】struck
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：自2020年新型冠状病毒大流行以来，学生们已经进行了几次在线课程。根据句子结构可知，since引导时间状语从句，设空处为从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语in 2020，应用一般过去时，strike意为“（疾病、灾难等）侵袭”，过去式为struck，故填struck。
57. The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without _________ (被认出). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】being recognized##being recognised
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那位电影明星戴着太阳镜。因此，他可以去购物而不被认出来。介词without后接动名词形式。逻辑主语he与recognize/recognise之间为被动关系，所以用动名词的被动形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填being recognized/recognised。
58. Ukrainian President said that Russia’s attacks _________ (destroy) about 30 percent of Ukraine’s power stations. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had destroyed
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：乌克兰总统表示，俄罗斯的袭击已经摧毁了乌克兰大约30%的发电站。said后接宾语从句，宾语从句的动作发生在said之前，属于过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had destroyed。
59. The recent chaos has seriously weakened the party, and if the situation continues, it will face a fight for its _________ (survive). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】survival
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：最近的混乱已经严重削弱了该党，如果这种情况持续下去，它将面临生存之争。空处应填名词作宾语，survival“生存”符合题意，抽象概念不可数。故填survival。
60. Chinese youths come together to show that they are ready to shoulder the _________ (责任) of building a world of unity, power and peace. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】responsibility
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：中国青年走到一起，表明他们愿意承担起建设一个团结、力量与和平的世界的责任。the +名词+of。根据汉语提示及句意，故填responsibility。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
61. 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Mike从初中升入高中后学习压力增大，最近他写邮件告诉你他不知道如何平衡学习与休息，请你结合自身经历给他回复一封邮件。内容包括：
1.写邮件的目的；
2.你的经历；
3.你建议。
注意：
1.词数不少于100；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mike,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mike,
Knowing that you are having difficulty in balancing study and rest, I’d like to share with you my experience and suggestions.
When I first entered high school, I was so eager to be a top student that I spent every minute on study even if I often felt uncomfortable and stressed. Finally, I fell apart and had to stay in hospital for two weeks. It was not until then that I began to change. My suggestions are as follows. Firstly, I recommend that you talk to your friends and teachers about effective ways of balancing study and rest. Secondly, it is necessary to make a reasonable schedule and stick to it as tightly as possible. Lastly, you’d better form some healthy habits, such as jogging, singing and painting.
Hopefully, my suggestions can make some difference.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Mike回复一封邮件，就他不知道如何平衡学习与休息给予建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
困难：difficulty →trouble
建议：suggestion → advice
开始：began →start
真诚的：sincerely → truly
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Hopefully, my suggestions can make some difference.
拓展句：I hope that my suggestions can make some difference.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing that you are having difficulty in balancing study and rest, I’d like to share with you my experience and suggestions.（运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Firstly, I recommend that you talk to your friends and teachers about effective ways of balancing study and rest.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
听力：1-5 ABCCA 6-10 BAABC 11-15 BACAA16-20 CCBCB
2022—2023学年（上）期末考试
高2025届英语试题
考试说明: 1.考试时间 120 分钟
2. 试题总分 150分
3. 试卷页数 10页
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman enjoy doing now?
A. Playing chess. B. Playing the piano. C. Singing.
2. Where is Dr Brown’s Office?
A. On the fifth floor. B. On the sixth floor. C. On the eighth floor.
3. What does the man think about the woman?
A. She is old. B. She is short. C. She is beautiful.
4. How many times has the woman seen the film?
A. Twice. B. Four times. C. Eight times.
5. What does the woman think of the exhibition?
A. It is wonderful. B. It is uninteresting. C. It is disappointing.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the woman congratulate the man?
A. He can drive well now. B. He got his first car. C. He bought a sports car.
7. Where are the speakers going?
A. To the beach. B. To the man’s house. C. To a car repair shop.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What makes the girl nervous?
A. The coming test. B. Being late for school. C. Her unfinished homework.
9. Why does the girl want to eat fish porridge?
A. It will calm her down.
B. It will help her think clearly.
C. It is the most satisfying food.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The colors of the clothes they are wearing.
B. The colors of their classrooms.
C. The effects of colors on people.
11. What color is the weight room?
A. Red. B. Blue. C. Pink.
12. What does the man say about the color red?
A. It increases people’s heart rates.
B. It makes people angry.
C. It helps people relax.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What’s wrong with the girl?
A. She is ill. B. She is tired. C. She is anxious.
14. Where will the girl be studying?
A. In London. B. In Beijing. C. In New York.
15. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Father and daughter. B. Teacher and student. C. Classmates.
16. How will the girl probably communicate with her parents?
A. By writing letters. B. By making phone calls. C. By using the internet.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What’s the purpose of the talk?
A. To advertise a shop.
B. To ask listeners to make donations.
C. To share a heart-warming story with listeners.
18. Why do people like the shop?
A. It sells cheaper items.
B. It is convenient.
C. It has different products.
19. What did the speaker get from the girl?
A. Seven coins. B. A small toy horse. C. A plastic bracelet.
20. How did the speaker feel in the end?
A. Ashamed. B. Delighted. C. Disappointed.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Community partners need you!
Swissvale Farmers Market
We’re looking for students to help us set up and take down our tent and spend the morning under the tent with us. Activities include some heavy lifting (optional), engaging with community members, picking up litter, handling small sales and lots of breaks!
Time: September 10, 2022 8:30 am – 1:15 pm
Food Pantry Distribution
The CHS Food Pantry needs volunteers to assist during preparation and distribution (分发) each week. This involves sorting food, stocking shelves, preparing the outdoor market, and assisting families. Customer service skills are important as volunteers may be assisting families directly. Understanding different socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds is helpful.
If interested in volunteering, please contact Colin McWhertor (cmcwhertor@chscorp.org or 412-246-1639).
Time: September 1, 2022 – December 22, 2022 Wednesday: 1:30 pm – 6:00 pm Thursday: 1:30 pm – 6:00 pm
Garbage Olympics 2022
Join us for Garbage Olympics! A Pittsburgh wide competition between neighborhoods to see who can get the most litter and garbage off our beloved city streets! This year, we are competing against each other as well as the entire city! Teams A, B, and C will race to see who can get the most garbage collected!
We’ll have all the supplies ready, and will explain the rules to everyone before the event starts.
Time: September 17, 2022 8:00 am – 11:00 am
1. What do Swissvale Farmers Market project and Garbage Olympics 2022 have in common?
A. Both start from 8:00 am in the neighborhoods.
B. Both include setting up tents.
C. Both require volunteers to gather rubbish.
D. Both involve team competitions.
2. What is required of an applicant for the CHS Food Pantry?
A. Customer service skills.
B. A degree in social economics.
C. Work experiences at a food company.
D. A different cultural background.
3. Where are you most likely to read this article?
A. In a research report. B. In a social magazine.
C. In a travel brochure. D. At a volunteer matching website.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个社区活动的招募广告。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据Swissvale Farmers Market部分中“Activities include some heavy lifting (optional), engaging with community members, picking up litter. (活动包括一些拎重物(可选)，与社区成员接触，捡垃圾。)”以及Garbage Olympics 2022部分中“A Pittsburgh wide competition between neighborhoods to see who can get the most litter and garbage off our beloved city streets! (一场匹兹堡社区间的比赛，看谁能从我们心爱的城市街道上清除最多的垃圾和垃圾!)”可知，两个活动的共通之处在于清除垃圾。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Food Pantry Distribution部分中“ Customer service skills are important as volunteers may be assisting families directly.(客户服务技能很重要，因为志愿者可能直接帮助家庭。)”可知，在申请该活动中，掌握客户服务技能很重要。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章标题“Community partners need you!(社区伙伴需要你!)”可知，文章介绍了三个社区活动的招募广告，三个活动招募的都是志愿者。故推断文章出自于寻找志愿者网站。故选D。
B
Three very strong women — my mother, my grandmother and Melinda — deserve big credit for helping me become the man I am today. But Blanche Caffiere, a very kind teacher and librarian I’ve never written about before, also had a huge influence on me.
Mrs. Caffiere died in 2006, shortly after reaching her 100th birthday. Before she passed away, I had an opportunity to visit her and thank her for the important role she played in my life.
When I first met Mrs. Caffiere, she was the elegant and engaging school librarian at Seattle’s View Ridge Elementary, and I was a fourth grader. I was desperately trying to go unnoticed, because I had some big weaknesses, like dysgraphia (书写障碍), and had a totally messy desk with books around. And I was trying to hide the fact that I liked to read — something that was cool for girls but not for boys.
Mrs. Caffiere took me under her wings and helped make it okay for me to be a messy, nerdy boy who was reading lots of books. She pulled me out of my shell. She started by asking questions like, “What do you like to read?” and “What are you interested in?” Then she found me a lot of books. For example, she gave me great biographies she had read. Once I’d read them, she would make the time to discuss them with me. “Did you like the book? Why? What did you learn?” She listened to what I had to say patiently. Through those book conversations in the library and in the classroom we became good friends.
Teachers generally don’t want to burden their students with extra reading beyond the homework they’ve given. But I learned from Mrs. Caffiere that my teachers had so much knowledge to share. Looking back on it, there’s no question that my time with Mrs. Caffiere helped spark my interest in libraries and my focus on helping every child in America get the benefit of great teachers. I should give great thanks to the devoted teacher and librarian who helped me find my strengths when I was nine years old. It’s remarkable how much power one good person can have in shaping the life of a child.
4 Which of the following best describes the writer when he was in his fourth grade?
A. Elegant and engaging B. Shy and untidy
C. Weak and desperate D. Curious and friendly
5. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. She forced the writer to read more books.
B. She helped the writer to overcome his weaknesses.
C. She turned the writer into a book lover.
D. She encouraged the writer not to hide his love of reading.
6. What do we know about Mrs. Caffiere?
A. She had the greatest influence on the writer.
B. She influenced the writer’s decision on helping American children.
C. She used to give the writer too much homework to help him learn.
D. She hadn’t seen the writer since he left the school.
7. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. A Teacher Who Changed My Life.
B. The Story of a Kind Teacher.
C. My School Life with Great Teachers.
D. Every Student Deserves to Be Encouraged.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。害羞、不整洁的作者羞于让人知道自己喜欢阅读，此时遇到学校的老师兼图书管理员Blanche Caffiere太太，她鼓励作者阅读，表达，大方展示出对阅读的喜欢，老师的做法对作者产生了极大的影响，也导致了作者在未来的关于帮助美国儿童的决定，可见一个好的老师对孩子的影响力是非凡的。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“I was desperately trying to go unnoticed, because I had some big weaknesses, like dysgraphia (书写障碍), and had a totally messy desk with books around. (我拼命地想不被人注意，因为我有一些很大的弱点，比如书写障碍，而且桌子上堆满了书)”可知，作者当时因为自身有书写障碍等弱点，很不自信，不希望大家关注他，回避众人的关注，而且课桌上书本凌乱堆放。故选B项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“And I was trying to hide the fact that I liked to read — something that was cool for girls but not for boys. (我试图掩盖我喜欢阅读的事实——一些对女孩来说很酷，但对男孩来说不太合适的东西。)”可知，作者喜欢看书，但是不想被人知道；第四段“Mrs. Caffiere took me under her wings and helped make it okay for me to be a messy, nerdy boy who was reading lots of books. (卡菲埃太太对我呵护有加，帮助我（知道）成为一个邋遢、书呆子、读了很多书的男孩没什么大不了)”可知，卡菲埃太太改变了作者的观点，喜欢阅读不是坏事，以及下文“She started by asking questions like, ‘What do you like to read?’ and ‘What are you interested in?’ Then she found me a lot of books. For example, she gave me great biographies she had read. Once I’d read them, she would make the time to discuss them with me. ‘Did you like the book? Why? What did you learn?’ She listened to what I had to say patiently. (她首先问了这样的问题：‘你喜欢读什么书？’以及‘你对什么感兴趣？’然后她给我找了很多书。例如，她给了我她读过的伟大传记。一旦我读了，她就会抽出时间和我讨论。‘你喜欢这本书吗？为什么？你学到了什么？’她耐心地听我说。)”可知，卡菲埃太太鼓励作者读书，还耐心跟作者交流。由此推知，She pulled me out of my shell，是指卡菲埃太太通过鼓励作者读书、交流，使作者从“试图掩盖喜欢阅读的事实”转为“能与老师进行阅读交流”的男孩，老师鼓励作者大方展示出对阅读的喜爱。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Looking back on it, there’s no question that my time with Mrs. Caffiere helped spark my interest in libraries and my focus on helping every child in America get the benefit of great teachers. I should give great thanks to the devoted teacher and librarian who helped me find my strengths when I was nine years old. It’s remarkable how much power one good person can have in shaping the life of a child. (现在回想起来，毫无疑问，我和卡菲埃太太在一起的时光激发了我对图书馆的兴趣，并让我专注于帮助美国的每一个孩子都能从优秀教师那里受益。我要非常感谢那位尽心尽力的老师兼图书管理员，在我9岁时，她帮助我发现了自己的长处。一个好人能对一个孩子的一生产生多大的影响，这是不可思议的)”可知，卡菲埃太太对作者影响很大，她的引导最终影响了作者关于帮助美国儿童的决定。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段最后一句“But Blanche Caffiere, a very kind teacher and librarian I’ve never written about before, also had a huge influence on me. (但布兰奇·卡菲埃，一位非常善良的老师和图书管理员，我以前从未写过，对我也有巨大的影响)”可知，本文介绍了一位影响作者人生方向的老师兼图书管理员，卡菲埃太太。故选A项。
C
The sporty all-electric car from the Netherlands resembles a BMW coupe, but is unique: It captures more carbon than it emits.
“Our end goal is to create a more sustainable future,” said Jens Lahaije, finance manager for TU/ecomotive, the Eindhoven University of Technology student team that created the car.
Called ZEM, for zero emission mobility, the two-seater houses a Cleantron lithium-ion (锂离子) battery pack, and most of its parts are 3D-printed from recycled plastics, Lahaije said. The target is to minimize carbon dioxide emitted during the car’s full lifespan, from manufacturing to recycling, he added.
Battery electric vehicles emit virtually no CO2 during operation compared with fuel vehicles, but battery cell production can create so much pollution that it can take EVs (Electric Vehicles) tens of thousands of miles to achieve “carbon parity (相等)” with comparable fossil-fueled models.
“Direct air capture is a fairly new method of cleaning the air by capturing CO2 into a filter (过滤器). We have made use of this innovative technology and implemented this in our car. The idea is very simple: while we’re driving air will move through our self-designed filters and the CO2 will be captured and stored.”
ZEM uses two filters that can capture up to 2 kilograms of CO2 over 20,000 miles of driving, the Eindhoven team estimated. They imagine a future when filters can be emptied at charging stations.
The students are showing their vehicle on a US promotional tour to universities and companies from the East Coast to Silicon Valley.
8. What does the article tell us about ZEM?
A. The four-seater is equipped with a lithium-ion battery pack.
B. All of its parts are modern plastics.
C. The process of manufacturing the car creates little pollution.
D. The CO2 can be caught and stored while we’re driving.
9. What does the underlined word “emit” mean in paragraph 4?
A. take in B. give off C. put aside D. clear off
10. What is the main idea of paragraph 5?
A. What challenges the students met.
B. How the students got this idea.
C. How this innovative technology works.
D. How this technology can be improved.
11. What’s the best title for this passage?
A. A Newly-invented Sporty Car Has Gained Great Popularity.
B. All-electric Car or Fuel-engine Car?
C. Dutch Students Devise Carbon-eating Electric Vehicle.
D. The Advantages of the Sporty All-electric Car.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍荷兰Eindhoven University of Technology的学生团队研发了一款能吸收碳的电动汽车。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The sporty all-electric car from the Netherlands resembles a BMW coupe, but is unique: It captures more carbon than it emits.(这辆来自荷兰的运动型全电动汽车类似于宝马双门跑车，但很独特：它捕获的碳比排放的碳多)”和倒数第三段的“The idea is very simple: while we’re driving, air will move through our self-designed filters and the CO2 will be captured and stored.(这个想法很简单：当我们开车时，空气将通过我们自行设计的过滤器，二氧化碳将被捕获并储存)”可知，关于ZEM文章告诉我们，驾驶时二氧化碳会被捕获并保存。故选D。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后“but battery cell production can create so much pollution that it can take EVs (Electric Vehicles) tens of thousands of miles to achieve “carbon parity (相等)” with comparable fossil-fueled models.(但电池的生产会造成大量污染，因此电动汽车需要行驶数万英里才能实现“碳当量”与化石燃料模型相当)”中表示转折意义的but可知，全句是指“对比燃油汽车，电动汽车几乎不会排放二氧化碳，但生产电池时所产生的污染相当于燃油汽车行驶数万英里所带来的污染量”，由此可知emit意为“排放”，与give off同义。故选B。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段““Direct air capture is a fairly new method of cleaning the air by capturing CO2 into a filter (过滤器). We have made use of this innovative technology and implemented this in our car. The idea is very simple: while we’re driving, air will move through our self-designed filters and the CO2 will be captured and stored.”(“直接空气捕获是一种通过将CO2捕获到过滤器中来清洁空气的新方法(过滤器),我们已经利用了这项创新技术，并将其应用于我们的汽车中。这个想法很简单：当我们开车时，空气将通过我们自行设计的过滤器，二氧化碳将被捕获并储存。”)”可知，本段主要介绍了这种创新技术的工作原理。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，并结合第一段“The sporty all-electric car from the Netherlands resembles a BMW coupe, but is unique: It captures more carbon than it emits.(这辆来自荷兰的运动型全电动汽车类似于宝马双门跑车，但很独特：它捕获的碳比排放的碳多)”可知，文章主要介绍荷兰Eindhoven University of Technology的学生团队研发了一款能吸收碳的电动汽车。因此C项“荷兰学生发明减碳电动汽车”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选C。
D
Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical (实证的) basis. They are discovering how to design space that promotes creativity, keeps people focused and leads to relaxation.
Researchers show that aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2007, Joan Meyers-Levy at the University of Minnesota, reported that the height of a room’s ceiling affects how people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead them to make more abstract connections. Lower ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook.
In addition to ceiling height, the view afforded by a building may influence a person’s ability to concentrate. Nancy Wells and her colleagues at Cornell University found in their study that kids who experienced the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gains in a standard test of attention. According to another study at the University of Georgia, using nature to improve the focus of attention seems to pay off academically. They found that students in classroom with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores in tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than those students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.
A recent study on room lighting design suggests that dim (暗淡的) light helps people to loosen up. If that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation. Researchers of Harvard Medical School also discovered that furniture with rounded edges could help visitors relax.
So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings. “We have a very limited number of studies, so we’re almost looking at the problem through a straw,” architect David Allison says, “How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad, generalized use of them? That’s what we’re all struggling with.”
12. What can we learn from the second paragraph?
A. Lower ceilings may promote creativity.
B. Lower ceilings make people think more freely.
C. Higher ceilings inspire creative thinking.
D. Higher ceilings encourage people to focus on details.
13. Where are students more likely to get higher grades?
A. In the classroom with dim light.
B. In the classroom with round-edged furniture.
C. In the classroom close to roads or parking lots.
D. In the classroom surrounded by open greenness.
14. What can we infer from architect David Allison’s words?
A. More researches need to be done to work out generalized patterns.
B. Scientists have a very limited number of studies.
C. The problem is too difficult for researchers to solve.
D. The research has given exact answers to the problem.
15. What’s the text mainly about?
A. The importance of house design.
B. Scientific researches on space design.
C. The effects of ceiling design.
D. A new trend of space design.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章一项科学调查，调查发现我们居住的环境可以影响我们的想法、感觉和行为。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead them to make more abstract connections. Lower ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook. (她的研究表明，更高的天花板鼓励人们更自由地思考，这可能会导致他们建立更抽象的联系。另一方面，较低的天花板可能会激发更详细的前景)”可知，高的天花板，可以促进人们自由的思考，建立抽象的联系，从而更具有创造性。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章的第三段“They found that students in classroom with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores in tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than those students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.(他们发现，与那些教室主要忽略道路和停车场的学生相比，在窗户外至少50英尺处视野畅通的教室里的学生在词汇、语言艺术和数学测试中得分更高)”可知，视野畅通的教室有利于学生获得更高的分。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““We have a very limited number of studies, so we’re almost looking at the problem through a straw,” architect David Allison says, “How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad, generalized use of them? That’s what we’re all struggling with.”(“我们的研究数量非常有限，所以我们几乎是在用稻草来看待这个问题，”建筑师大卫·艾利森说，“你如何回答非常具体的问题，并广泛、广泛地使用这些问题？这就是我们都在努力解决的问题。”)”可推知，我们的研究数量有限，所以需要更多的研究来找出广义模式。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors.(建筑师长期以来一直认为，我们居住的地方会影响我们的思想、感受和行为)”可知，本文主要介绍了我们居住的地方会长期的影响我们的思想、感受和行为，即空间设计的科学研究。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
The thought of a natural disaster can be frightening, but preparing for the most likely disasters, such as tornadoes, hurricanes, floods, fires, and winter storms, is necessary. ___16___You can develop an emergency plan for your family in case of a natural disaster, including household information, out-of-town contacts and school, workplace, and childcare contact information and emergency first aid. Add your evacuation routes and shelter plans as well.
More importantly, you have to monitor potential (潜在的) disasters. ____17____ Watch news and weather reports in your region so that you can be aware of potential disasters in the area. You can also download apps for your smart phone that will warn you of potential disasters near your location.
____18____ If your family is at risk for exposure to a natural disaster, explain to them what’s happening. Review your emergency preparedness plan so that everyone knows what to do in the event of a disaster.
Thirdly, track the progress of forthcoming disasters. Check back with your news station frequently so that you’ll be aware of changes in weather or conditions that could alter the course of a disaster. ____19____ In this way, you’ll be well informed of what’s happening.
Finally, evacuate before disaster strikes, if possible. If danger is coming in your area, evacuate before it strikes. ____20____ So be sure to follow their instructions. If you aren’t able to evacuate, shelter in place until it’s safe to leave the area.
A. For instance, creating a plan is a good idea.
B. Make a contact card for each member of the family.
C. Secondly, prepare family members for what may happen.
D. You may not know what kind of disaster is about to strike.
E. To achieve this, firstly, identify potential threatening situations.
F. Your local authority may order evacuations if a natural disaster is coming.
G. Sign up to receive alerts or updates from your local government or weather service.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. C 19. G 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章建议家庭制定一个应急计划，以防发生自然灾害。
【16题详解】
上文“The thought of a natural disaster can be frightening, but preparing for the most likely disasters, such as tornadoes, hurricanes, floods, fires, and winter storms, is necessary. (想到自然灾害可能会让人害怕，但为最可能发生的灾难做好准备，如龙卷风、飓风、洪水、火灾和冬季风暴，是必要的)”说明各种各样的自然灾害都有可能发生，选项D“你可能不知道什么样的灾难即将来临。”承接上文，说明自然灾害是无常的，人们可能不知道会遇到什么样的灾难。故选D项。
【17题详解】
上文“More importantly, you have to monitor potential (潜在的) disasters. (更重要的是，你必须监控潜在的灾难)”说明监控潜在灾难的重要性，选项E“要做到这一点，首先，识别潜在威胁的情况。”承接上文，建议识别潜在威胁的情况。选项中potential threatening situations和上文中potential disasters语义一致。故选E项。
【18题详解】
下文“If your family is at risk for exposure to a natural disaster, explain to them what’s happening. Review your emergency preparedness plan so that everyone knows what to do in the event of a disaster. (如果你的家人有遭受自然灾害的风险，向他们解释要发生什么。回顾你的应急准备计划，以便每个人都知道在灾难发生时该做什么)”建议要让家人对灾难都有所准备，选项C“其次，让家庭成员为可能发生的事情做好准备。”概括本段大意，说明要让家人有所准备。故选C项。
【19题详解】
下文“In this way, you’ll be well informed of what’s happening. (用这种方法，你会很清楚将会发生什么事)”说明这种方法能清楚将来会发生什么事，选项G“注册接收当地政府或气象服务的警报或更新。”和下文存在因果关系。下文中this way指选项中所提供的方法，语义一致。故选G项。
【20题详解】
下文“So be sure to follow their instructions. (所以一定要听从他们的指示)”说明要听从指挥，选项F“如果自然灾害即将来临，当地政府可能会下令疏散。”和下文存在因果关系。下文中代词their指代选项中Your local authority，语义一致。故选F项。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The trainers in my gym are mainly students, working alongside their studies at the local sport and health university, so most of them are ___21___ young.
Being one of their regular ___22___ , I often offered an open ear especially when I ___23___ that some of them were uncertain about something, “coaching” a couple of them, when they had to make ___24___ or had problems with work etc. Usually I don’t hear back if it ___25___.
But today my trainer told me that he had a ___26___ for me from another trainer who recently stopped working at the gym.
She had quite a long commute (通勤) and we ___27___ about her staying, leaving, another job, how to explain it to her current boss etc. The owner of the gym can be pretty ___28___ and made up quite a lot of stuff about another employee who left, ___29___ his reputation.
So today I learned that she ___30___ and went to get another job with a ___31___ commute, but she wasn’t slandered (诋毁) like the other guy. She ___32___ me a short handwritten note, roughly translating into: “thank you for the help in ___33___ my mind and especially for helping me to find the right ___34___ for my boss.” It made my ___35___! I am happy she could leave without ill feelings.
21. A. obviously B. specifically C. fairly D. likely
22. A. customers B. trainers C. owners D. employees
23. A. listened B. talked C. mastered D. sensed
24. A. mistakes B. decisions C. changes D. suggestions
25. A. worked B. mattered C. continued D. solved
26. A. notice B. note C. letter D. word
27. A. requested B. asked C. commented D. debated
28. A. amazed B. annoyed C. confused D. frightened
29. A. destroying B. establishing C. ruining D. preserving
30. A. finished B. accepted C. agreed D. quit
31. A. shorter B. longer C. farther D. better
32 A. gave B. sent C. left D. passed
33. A. making sure B. making up C. making up of D. making out
34. A. vocabulary B. sentences C. phrases D. words
35. A. happiness B. day C. moment D. time
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者去健身房锻炼的时候，得到教练帮助的同时，也会帮助这些年轻的教练们。在互相帮助的过程中，他们也获得了更好的人际关系。
【21题详解】
考查副词形容词词义辨析。句意：我的健身房的教练主要是学生，他们在当地的体育与健康大学学习，所以他们大多数都相当年轻。A. obviously明显地；B. specifically明确地；C. fairly相当地；D. likely可能的。根据前文“The trainers in my gym are mainly students”可知，健身房的教练主要是学生，所以都相当年轻。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为他们的常客，我经常倾听，特别是当我感觉到他们中的一些人对某些事情不确定的时候，当他们不得不做决定或在工作中遇到问题时，我“指导”了他们中的一些人。A. customers顾客；B. trainers教员；C. owners主人；D. employees雇员。根据后文“But today my trainer told me that he had a 6 for me from another trainer who recently stopped working at the gym.”可知，“我”有教练，所以“我”是健身房的客户。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为他们常客，我经常倾听，特别是当我感觉到他们中的一些人对某些事情不确定的时候，当他们不得不做决定或在工作中遇到问题时，我“指导”了他们中的一些人。A. listened听；B. talked说话；C. mastered精通；D. sensed感觉到。根据前文“I often offered an open ear”和后文“that some of them were uncertain about something”可知，当“我”意识到这些人对一些事情没有把握时，“我”会倾听，提出意见。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为他们的常客，我经常倾听，特别是当我感觉到他们中的一些人对某些事情不确定的时候，当他们不得不做决定或在工作中遇到问题时，我“指导”了他们中的一些人。A. mistakes错误；B. decisions决定；C. changes改变；D. suggestions建议。根据空后的“had problems with work”以及下文“Thank you for the help in 13 my mind”可知，作者在教练换工作的决定中起了一定作用，所以，此处指当他们做决定或遇到问题时，作者就出来“指导”他们。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常情况下，如果奏效，我不会收到回复。A. worked起作用；奏效；B. mattered要紧；C. continued持续；D. solved解决。空前的“Usually I don’t hear back if it”与后文那个女教练感谢作者的举动形成对比，一般情况下，作者只是给他们提出建议，但即使建议有效，作者也听不到他们的回应。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是今天我的教练告诉我，他有另一个教练给我的便条，这个教练最近不在健身房工作了。A. notice通知；B. note便条；C. letter信；D. word言语。根据后文“She 12 me a short handwritten note”可知，那个女教练给作者留了便条。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的通勤时间很长，我们就她的去留、换一份工作、如何向她现在的老板解释等问题展开了讨论。A. requested请求；B. asked询问；C. commented表达意见；D. debated讨论。结合空后的“her staying, leaving, another job, how to explain it”可知，作者就那个女教练辞职前的一系列问题与她讨论。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：健身房的老板可能会很生气，编造一大堆关于另一个离开的员工的事情，毁了他的声誉。A. amazed吃惊的；B. annoyed生气；C. confused困惑的；D. frightened害怕的。根据后文“made up quite a lot of stuff about another employee who left”可知，老板会编造一大堆关于另一个离开的员工的事情，所以老板可能是生气的。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：健身房的老板可能会很生气，编造一大堆关于另一个离开的员工的事情，毁了他的声誉。A. destroying摧毁；B. establishing创立；C. ruining毁坏；D. preserving保护。根据前文“made up quite a lot of stuff about another employee who left”可知，老板编造一大堆关于另一个离开的员工的事情，毁了他的声誉。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以今天我得知她辞职去找了一份通勤时间更短的工作，但她不像另一个人那样受到诽谤。A. finished完成；B. accepted接受；C. agreed同意；D. quit退出。根据后文“went to get another job”可知，她换了工作，所以是辞职了。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以今天我得知她辞职去找了一份通勤时间更短的工作，但她不像另一个人那样受到诽谤。A. shorter更短的；B. longer比较长的；C. farther更远的；D. better较好的。根据前文“She had quite a long commute”可知，她辞职的原因是因为通勤时间长，所以换的工作应该有更短的通勤时间。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她给我留下了一张简短的手写便条。A. gave给；B. sent邮寄；C. left留下；D. passed通过。根据前文“But today my trainer told me that he had a 6 for me from another trainer who recently stopped working at the gym.”可知，她给“我”留下了一张便条。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：谢谢你帮我下定决心，尤其是帮我选择合适的词语来向我的老板解释。A. making sure确保；B. making up编造；C. making up of由……组成；D. making out看出。根据前文“we 7 about her staying, leaving, another job, how to explain it to her current boss etc.”可知，“我”曾和她讨论她的问题，所以是帮助她下定决心。make up one's mind“下定决心”。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：谢谢你帮我下定决心，尤其是帮我选择合适的词语来向我的老板解释。A. vocabulary词汇；B. sentences句子；C. phrases短语；D. words话语。根据前文“but she wasn’t slandered (诋毁) like the other guy”可知，她没有像之前的员工一样被诋毁，因为“我”帮她找到了合适的词语向老板解释。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这让我很开心!A. happiness幸福；B. day白天；C. moment片刻；D. time时间。根据后文“I am happy she could leave without ill feelings.”可知，“我”很高兴帮到她，所以“make one’s day”为固定搭配意为“让某人高兴”符合句意。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
During the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, holidaymakers tend to choose short trips and homestays in Beijing’s suburbs have seen increasing reservations.
“The number of guests will be doubled in the coming Qingming Festival,” an owner of a homestay ___36___ the capital’s Yanqing area told Beijing Business Today. With flowers in full bloom in the springtime and temperatures rising, people are eager to enjoy outdoor activities. According to travel service and social networking platform Mafengwo, keywords such as “flower ___37___ (appreciate)”, “camping” and “cycling” are key search items. Sales of tickets to some public parks and holiday resorts accounted for nearly 80 percent of the total tourist ____38____ (attraction), data from Qunar showed. The increase in local tours ____39____(present) opportunities for the homestay industry, ___40___ can tackle the industry’s poor performance due to the effects of the pandemic.
The report on tourism operations of 2021 and development forecast of 2022 ____41____(conduct) by China Tourism Academy pointed out that, for 2022, the pandemic will remain the biggest uncertain factor ____42____ (affect) tourism sector’s recovery.
Owing to the virus, local tours are the main means of traveling at present, said Wang Xingbin, ___43___ expert of tourism. Wang said ____44____ requires more observation (观察) for how the tourism industry enters recovery. “Affected by the pandemic, the tourism industry becomes fragile and requires support,” Wang said. He added that the tourism industry is expected to suffer from a ____45____ (relative) long period of difficulties under the pandemic.
【答案】36. in 37. appreciating##appreciation
38. attractions
39. presents
40. which 41. conducted
42. affecting
43. an 44. it
45. relatively
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在新冠肺炎疫情爆发期间，度假者倾向于选择短途旅行。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：“即将到来的清明节，客人的数量将翻倍，”首都延庆地区一家民宿的老板告诉《北京商报》。名词area前用介词in。故填in。
【37题详解】
考查名词或动名词。句意：根据旅游服务和社交网络平台蚂蜂窝的数据，“赏花”、“露营”和“骑行”等关键词都是热门搜索项。介词as后接名词或动名词形式。故填appreciating /appreciation。
【38题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：去哪儿网的数据显示，一些公园和度假胜地的门票销售额占到旅游景点总数的近80%。名词attraction为可数名词，根据nearly 80 percent可知，用名词的复数形式。故填attractions。
【39题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当地旅游的增加为民宿行业提供了机会，可以解决因新冠肺炎疫情而导致的业绩不佳问题。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语是The increase，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填presents。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：当地旅游的增加为民宿行业提供了机会，可以解决因新冠肺炎疫情而导致的业绩不佳问题。先行词指代前面的句子，作主语。用关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句。故填which。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国旅游研究院发布的《2021年旅游运营报告及2022年发展预测》指出，到2022年，疫情仍将是影响旅游业复苏的最大不确定因素。分析句子结构可知，这里为非谓语动词作定语。名词report与conduct之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填conducted。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国旅游研究院发布的《2021年旅游运营报告及2022年发展预测》指出，到2022年，疫情仍将是影响旅游业复苏的最大不确定因素。分析句子结构可知，这里为非谓语动词作定语。名词factor与affect之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填affecting。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：旅游专家王兴斌表示，受新冠肺炎疫情影响，本地游是目前旅游的主要方式。名词expert为可数名词，泛指，且发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
【44题详解】
考查代词。句意：王说，旅游业如何进入复苏需要更多的观察。代指从句how the tourism industry enters recovery，用代词it。故填it。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：他补充说，在疫情下，旅游业预计将遭受较长时间的困难。形容词long前用副词形式。故填relatively。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 单句填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面句子，根据所给汉语或单词提示，填出单词的正确形式。
46. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who______________(trap)and to bury the dead. （所给词的正确形式填空）
【答案】were trapped
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：地震发生后不久，军队派遣15万士兵前往唐山，挖掘被困人员并掩埋死者。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，根据上文sent判断为一般过去时，主语who指代先行词those（那些人）为复数意义，且和trap之间为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were trapped。
【点睛】
47. Customers are willing to pay only because products or services are of some value to them, ________ (regard) of where they make their purchases. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】regardless
【解析】
【详解】考查副词短语。句意：顾客愿意付钱只是因为产品或服务对他们有一定的价值，无论他们在哪里购买。regardless of表示“不管；不顾”，固定短语，符合句意。故填regardless。
48. Most people believe it’s best to learn foreign languages when they’re young to reach native-like ________ (fluent). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】fluency
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：大多数人认为，年轻时学习外语最好，能达到像母语一样的流利程度。根据前文动词reach可知，此处应用名词fluency(不可数)作宾语。故填fluency。
49. The government is working on designing a new app, which is thought to be a good ________ (解决办法) to promoting better garbage classification. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】solution
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：政府正在设计一个新的应用程序，这被认为是一个很好的解决方案，以促进更好的垃圾分类。a后接单数名词，解决办法为“solution”。故填solution。
50. The international cooperation and applications of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) _________ (base) on the principles of openness, coordination and sharing. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】are based
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。句意：北斗卫星导航系统的国际合作和应用坚持开放、协调、共享的原则。be based on根据； 以……为基准。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语是The international cooperation and applications of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS)，谓语动词用复数形式。根据句意，故填are based。
51. The uplifting performances of Chinese _________ (运动员) have significantly raised the profile of winter sports in the country. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】athletes
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：中国运动员振奋人心的表现显著提高了冬季运动在中国的知名度。形容词Chinese后接名词形式。根据名词performances 可知，指许多运动员，所以用名词的复数形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填athletes。
52. They knew that their chances of taking part in the Olympic Games were becoming ________ (slim) every day as they aged. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】slimmer
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：他们知道，随着年龄的增长，他们参加奥运会的机会一天比一天渺茫。系动词 become后接形容词作表语。结合句意可知，用形容词的比较级形式。根据句意，故填slimmer。
53. Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO, which runs a program that prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from _________ (消失). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】disappearing
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：也许最好的例子是联合国教科文组织，该组织开展了一个防止世界各地世界文化遗产消失的项目。prevent...from doing sth.防止……做某事。根据句意，故填disappearing。
54. The result is _________ (极其) confusing and surprising even to most scientists. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】extremely
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：这个结果甚至让大多数科学家都感到非常困惑和惊讶。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的形容词，应该用副词修饰，根据所给中文提示词，应是extremely意为“极其”。故填extremely。
55. Graduates with _________ (高等的) degrees will be appointed to management posts. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】advanced
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：具有高学历的毕业生将聘任管理岗位。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语。表示“高等的”用advanced。故填advanced。
56. Students have had online classes for several times since the novel coronavirus pandemic ________ (strike) in 2020. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】struck
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：自2020年新型冠状病毒大流行以来，学生们已经进行了几次在线课程。根据句子结构可知，since引导时间状语从句，设空处为从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语in 2020，应用一般过去时，strike意为“（疾病、灾难等）侵袭”，过去式为struck，故填struck。
57. The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without _________ (被认出). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】being recognized##being recognised
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那位电影明星戴着太阳镜。因此，他可以去购物而不被认出来。介词without后接动名词形式。逻辑主语he与recognize/recognise之间为被动关系，所以用动名词的被动形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填being recognized/recognised。
58. Ukrainian President said that Russia’s attacks _________ (destroy) about 30 percent of Ukraine’s power stations. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had destroyed
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：乌克兰总统表示，俄罗斯的袭击已经摧毁了乌克兰大约30%的发电站。said后接宾语从句，宾语从句的动作发生在said之前，属于过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had destroyed。
59. The recent chaos has seriously weakened the party, and if the situation continues, it will face a fight for its _________ (survive). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】survival
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：最近的混乱已经严重削弱了该党，如果这种情况持续下去，它将面临生存之争。空处应填名词作宾语，survival“生存”符合题意，抽象概念不可数。故填survival。
60. Chinese youths come together to show that they are ready to shoulder the _________ (责任) of building a world of unity, power and peace. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】responsibility
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：中国青年走到一起，表明他们愿意承担起建设一个团结、力量与和平的世界的责任。the +名词+of。根据汉语提示及句意，故填responsibility。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
61. 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Mike从初中升入高中后学习压力增大，最近他写邮件告诉你他不知道如何平衡学习与休息，请你结合自身经历给他回复一封邮件。内容包括：
1.写邮件的目的；
2.你的经历；
3.你建议。
注意：
1.词数不少于100；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mike,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mike,
Knowing that you are having difficulty in balancing study and rest, I’d like to share with you my experience and suggestions.
When I first entered high school, I was so eager to be a top student that I spent every minute on study even if I often felt uncomfortable and stressed. Finally, I fell apart and had to stay in hospital for two weeks. It was not until then that I began to change. My suggestions are as follows. Firstly, I recommend that you talk to your friends and teachers about effective ways of balancing study and rest. Secondly, it is necessary to make a reasonable schedule and stick to it as tightly as possible. Lastly, you’d better form some healthy habits, such as jogging, singing and painting.
Hopefully, my suggestions can make some difference.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Mike回复一封邮件，就他不知道如何平衡学习与休息给予建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
困难：difficulty →trouble
建议：suggestion → advice
开始：began →start
真诚的：sincerely → truly
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Hopefully, my suggestions can make some difference.
拓展句：I hope that my suggestions can make some difference.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing that you are having difficulty in balancing study and rest, I’d like to share with you my experience and suggestions.（运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Firstly, I recommend that you talk to your friends and teachers about effective ways of balancing study and rest.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
听力：1-5 ABCCA 6-10 BAABC 11-15 BACAA16-20 CCBCB
相关资料
更多
