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中考英语语法一轮复习讲义(7)形容词最高级的基本用法总结与真题练习
展开2021届初三英语中考语法一轮复习讲义(七)形容词最高级的基本用法总结与真题练习形容词最高级的基本用法三者或三者以上(人或事物)相比较,其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几小时,用最高级。最高级前面一般要加定冠词the,后面可带of/in短语来说明比较的范围。句型:A+动词+形容词最高级+of/in...Spring is the best season of the year.(春天是一年中最好的季节。)She is the youngest in the class.(她是班里最年轻的。)比较:of和in在短语中的区别“of+复数”表示“在……之中(的)”。“in+范围、场所”表示“在……之中/内”。6.需注意的形容词最高级用法(1)表示“是最……之一”句型:one of the+形容词最高级Shanghai is one of the most charming cities in China.(上海是中国最具魅力的城市之一。)One of the most important languages is English.(英语是最重要的语言之一。)重要:“one of the+形容词最高级”后面要用名词的复数形式。(2)表示“大多数,大部分的……”句型:most+复数名词;most of the+复数名词;most of+代词Most people like apples.(大多数人喜欢苹果。)Most of the boys are good at football.(大多数的男孩都擅长踢足球。)(3)表示“哪一个(人)最为……呢?”句型:Which/Who is+the+形容词最高级……?该句型用于三个或三个以上的事物或人的比较。Which is the biggest of the five apples?(这五个苹果中哪一个最大?)Who is the tallest boy in your class?(你们班哪个男孩最高?)补充:我们可以用原级、比较级、最高级三种形式来表达最高级,总结如下:She is the best in her class.(最高级)(她是她们班最好的学生。)→She is better than any other student in her class.(比较级)→No other student in her class is better than she.(比较级)→No other student in her class is as good as she.(原级) Common Mistakes(注意!失分陷阱!)陷阱例题①A:Is there __________ in today’s newspaper?【福州中考】B:Yes,our National Table Tennis Team won all the seven goldmedals once more.A.something newB.anything newC.somebody specialD.anybody special句意提示:A:今天的报纸有什么新的消息吗? B:是的,我们的国家乒乓球队又包揽了全部7块金牌。陷阱追击:肯定句中用something,而疑问句和否定句中用anything,形容词修饰不定代词应后置,本题容易误选A。正确解析:根据回答可知问句询问的是事,而不是人。正确答案为B。陷阱例题②He has made __________ progress this term than before.【上海中考】A.littleB.lessC.fewerD.much句意提示:这个学期他进步没有以前多。陷阱追击:little的比较级是less,修饰不可数名词;few修饰可数名词。如果分不清这两个词的用法,则容易误选C。正确解析:因为是现在和过去进行比较,所以要用比较级,只能用less。正确答案为B。陷阱例题③Peter is sixteen and his sister is two years __________,butshe is in a higher grade.A.youngB.youngerC.oldD.older句意提示:彼得16岁,他的妹妹比他小两岁,但是她在较高的年级。陷阱追击:本题结合语境考查形容词的比较级用法,如忽视后一分句则容易误选C或D。正确解析:根据题意可知,二者之间作比较,故选比较级;本题考查固定句型:表示数、量的词+形容词比较级。由but表示转折可知,正确答案为B。陷阱例题④She is __________ than any other student in her class.A.bestB.the bestC.betterD.the better句意提示:她是她们班最好的学生。陷阱追击:可以用原级、比较级、最高级三种方式来表达最高级,本题容易误选B。正确解析:由than可知应选比较级,其表达形式为:比较级+than+any other+名词,或者no other+名词+比较级+than。正确答案为C。 需注意的形容词比较级用法(1)用修饰词加强语气在形容词比较级前还可以用much,even,far,a lot,still,a little...来修饰,表示“……得多”“……一些”,以加强语气。Your room is much larger than mine.(你的房间比我的大多了。)Our city is much more beautiful than yours.(我们的城市比你们的漂亮得多。)Diamond is even harder than steel.(钻石甚至比钢还硬。)He is even slower than before.(他甚至比以前更慢了。)Japan is a little larger than Germany.(日本只比德国大一点儿。)(2)表示倍数句型:...times+形容词比较级+than...该句型表示“比……大/长/多……/几倍”。Your room is three times larger than mine.(你的房间比我的大三倍。)Our room is twice larger than theirs.(我们的房间比他们的大两倍。)This river is ten times longer than that river.(这条河比那条河长十倍。)(3)表示“大几岁”“高几厘米”等句型:表示数、量的词+形容词比较级+than...I’m two years older than you.(我比你大两岁。)She is a head taller than I/me.(她比我高一头。)(4)表示“比其他任何……都……”句型:比较级+than any other+单数名词该句型是用比较级形式表达最高级的意思。He is better than any other student in the class=He is the best in the class.(他在班里比其他任何一个学生都好。)(表示“他是最好的”)注意:any other后要加单数名词,可以译成“其他任何一个”。This watch is more expensive than any other watch in the shop.=This watch is the most expensive one in the shop.(在这个店里,这只表比其他任何一只表都贵。)(表示“这只表是最贵的”)He is taller than any other boy in his class.(在班上,他比其他任何男孩子都高。)(5)表示“越来越……”句型:比较级+and+比较级The weather is getting warmer and warmer.(天气变得越来越暖和。)China is becoming more and more beautiful.(中国变得越来越美丽。)补充:多音节形容词用此句型时,要用“more and more+形容词原级”。(6)表示“越……就越……”句型:the+比较级……,the+比较级……The busier he is,the happier hefeels.(他越忙就越高兴。)The sooner,the better.(越快越好。)The higher the ground (is),the thinnerthe air becomes.(地势越高,空气就越稀薄。)(7)表示“两个中比较……的”句型:the+比较级+of the twoThis watch is the cheaper of the two.(这只手表是两只中比较便宜的。)He is the better of the two.(他是这两个人中比较好的。)Of the two girls, Lynn is the more diligent.(丽恩是这两个女孩中比较勤奋的。)补充:比较级同义表达法的互换比较级←→比较级(用反义词)Tom is older than I.(汤姆比我年纪大。)→I am younger than Tom.(我比汤姆年纪小。)比较级←→not...so...as(原级)Tom is older than I.(汤姆比我年纪大。)→I am not so old as Tom.(我没有汤姆年纪大。)(8)表示“(比较A和B)哪一个更……?”句型:Which is+比较级,A or B?如果是人与人相比较时,可用who代替which。Which one is more popular, the radio or the movie?(广播和电影,哪一个更受欢迎?)
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