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中考英语一轮复习语法专项练专题21-状语从句(2份打包,教师版+原卷版)
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专题21-状语从句
备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法专项练(通用版)
一、单项选择
1.Our classroom won’t be clean ________ we clean it every day.
A.after B.while C.unless D.because
【答案】C
【详解】句意:如果我们不每天打扫,我们的教室就不会干净。考查连词辨析。after在……之后;while当……时候;unless除非,如果不;because因为。前半句表示“教室不会干净”,而后半句表示“我们每天打扫”。空白处应用unless,意为“除非”,引导条件状语从句。故选C。
2.The little boy won’t go to sleep unless his mom _________ him a story.
A.tells B.told C.is telling D.will tell
【答案】A
【详解】句意:小男孩不会去睡觉,除非他妈妈给他讲故事。考查条件状语从句的主将从现。分析句子结构,unless引导条件状语从句,主句中的“won’t”说明主句用一般将来时,根据“主将从现”原则,从句应用一般现在时来表示将来的动作。从句主语his mother为第三人称单数,因此动词tell也应用动词的第三人称单数形式tells。故选A。
3.My pen friend knows a lot about China ________ she has never been here.
A.although B.if C.because D.until
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我的笔友对中国很了解,尽管她从未来过这里。考查连词辨析。although虽然、尽管;if如果;because因为;until直到。根据句意可知,空前空后是让步关系,应用although引导让步状语从句。故选A。
4.A five-minute rest will refresh your mind ________ you feel stressed with schoolwork.
A.unless B.because C.although D.when
【答案】D
【详解】句意:当你在学业上感到压力时,一个五分钟的休息将使你的思维重新恢复活力。考查连词辨析。unless除非;because因为;although尽管;when当……时。根据“you feel stressed with schoolwork.”和“A five-minute rest will refresh your mind”可知空后是时间状语从句,表示当有压力的时候。故选D。
5.It will cost you a lot of money ________ you choose to buy a flat in the city centre.
A.if B.although C.so that D.unless
【答案】A
【详解】句意:如果你选择在城市中心买一套公寓,它将花费你许多的钱。考查连词词义辨析。if如果,引导条件状语从句;although虽然,引导让步状语从句;so that以便于,引导目的状语从句;unless除非,引导条件状语从句。根据“It will cost you a lot of money”和“you choose to buy a flat in the city centre”可知,此处应用if引导条件状语从句,表示“如果”。故选A。
6.________ we walked into the museum, we saw thousands of beautiful butterflies.
A.Now that B.As soon as C.Although D.So that
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们一走进博物馆就看到成千上万只美丽的蝴蝶。考查连词辨析。Now that既然;As soon as一……就;Although虽然;So that因此。根据“we walked into the museum, we saw thousands of beautiful butterflies.”可知,表达“我们一走进博物馆就看到成千上万只美丽的蝴蝶。”用As soon as引导从句。故选B。
7.________ Jill isn’t feeling well today, ________ he still goes to school.
A.Although; but B.But; although C.Although; / D.but; although
【答案】C
【详解】句意:虽然吉尔今天感觉不舒服,但他仍然去上学了。考查让步状语从句。根据“...Jill isn’t feeling well today...he still goes to school.”可知,although引导的让步状语从句不与but连用;且后一句是主句。故选C。
8.Tina keeps the good habit of checking her test paper ________ she finishes it.
A.as if B.in order that C.now that D.as soon as
【答案】D
【详解】句意:蒂娜保持着一做完试卷就检查的好习惯。考查连词辨析。as if似乎;in order that以便于;now that既然;as soon as一……就……。根据“checking her test paper …she finishes it”可知,一做完试卷就检查,故选D。
9.It’s raining outside. Stay at home ________.
A.if you have an umbrella B.since it stops
C.after it stops to rain D.till it stops
【答案】D
【详解】句意:外面在下雨。待在家里直到它停止。考查连词辨析。if you have an umbrella如果你有一把雨伞;since it stops因为它停了;after it stops to rain在雨停之后;till it stops直到它停止。根据“It’s raining outside. Stay at home”可知,外面正在下雨,所以要待在家里直到雨停才能出去,故选D。
10.Mr. Zhao has given much money to Project Hope ________ he is not so rich.
A.if B.though C.because D.unless
【答案】B
【详解】句意:赵先生给希望工程捐了很多钱,虽然他不是很富有。考查从属连词辨析。if如果;though虽然;because因为;unless除非。前后句之间表达的是一种相反的让步关系,因此用though引导让步状语从句。故选B。
11.I don’t know if it _________ tomorrow, but if it _________, I’ll stay at home.
A.will rain; rains B.will rain; will rain C.rains; will rain D.rains; rains
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我不知道明天会不会下雨,但如果下雨,我会待在家里。考查if条件句和宾语从句。前半个句子中包含一个由if引导的宾语从句,根据时间标志词“tomorrow”可知,要用一般将来时,所以可以先排除选项CD;后半句子包含由if引导的条件状语从句,此时根据“主将从现”的原则,从句要用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,动词需要加s。故选A。
12.—Hurry up, Tony! We don’t have much time.
—Look at the heavy rain! I’m afraid ________ we take a taxi, we’ll still miss the train.
A.if B.unless C.so that D.even if
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——快点,托尼!我们没有那么多时间了。——看看外面的大雨!我们即使乘出租车去,也会错过火车的。考查连词辨析。if如果;unless除非;so that为了;even if即使。根据“Look at the heavy rain”可知,这里是“even if”引导的让步状语从句,表示雨下的很大,即使乘坐出租车也赶不上火车了,故选D。
13.We still know little about the Moon ________ men have landed on it.
A.since B.though C.if D.because
【答案】B
【详解】句意:虽然人类已经登陆过月球,但我们对它仍然知之甚少。 考查连词辨析。since自从;though虽然,尽管;if如果,倘若;because因为,由于。根据“We still know little about the Moon”和“men have landed on it”可知,空前一句“对月球知之甚少”和“人类已经登上月球”之间是转折关系,空处需要填写表达转折关系的连词。故选B。
14.Tom has studied very hard ________ he came to our school.
A.since B.when C.before D.while
【答案】A
【详解】句意:汤姆自从来到我们学校以来一直学习很努力。考查连词辨析。since自从;when当……时;before在……以前;while当……时,“Tom has studied very hard”是现在完成时,“he came to our school”是一般过去时,所以句子是since引导的时间状语从句,故选A。
15.—Do I have to attend the ceremony on Thursday?
—Oh, don’t come ________ you are busy.
A.and B.but C.if D.so
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我必须参加周四的仪式吗?——如果你忙就别来了。考查连词。and而且;but但是;if如果;so所以。结合句意,此处表示在你忙的条件下,就不要来了,用if引导条件状语从句。故选C。
16.You never really understand a person ________ you consider things from his point.
A.until B.while C.because D.if
【答案】A
【详解】句意:直到你从一个人的角度考虑问题,你才会真正了解他。考查连词辨析。until直到;while当……时;because因为;if如果。根据“You never really understand a person … you consider things from his point”可知,直到你站在另外一个人的角度考虑问题,你才会真正懂他,故选A。
17.I think our middle school life is colourful and meaningful ________ I am always busy with schoolwork.
A.because B.unless C.though D.as
【答案】C
【详解】句意:虽然我总是忙于学业,但是我认为我们的中学生活是丰富多彩和有意义的。考查从属连词辨析。because因为;unless除非;though尽管;as当,因为。根据“I think our middle school life is colourful and meaningful”和“ I am always busy with schoolwork”可知,前后句构成让步关系,应用though引导让步状语从句,表示“虽然学习很忙,但是中学生活很有意义”。故选C。
18.Dad sometimes goes to the supermarket with us ________ he hates going shopping.
A.because B.so C.though D.if
【答案】C
【详解】句意:爸爸有时会和我们一起去超市,虽然他讨厌购物。考查连词辨析。because因为;so因此;though尽管;if如果。根据“Dad sometimes goes to the supermarket with us...he hates going shopping.”可知,尽管讨厌购物,还是和我们去超市,用though“尽管”,引导让步状语从句。故选C。
19.—Mom, I’m already 11 years old. Can I ride a shared bike?
— No. You’re not allowed to do that _______ you are 12.
A.when B.after C.until D.as
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——妈妈,我已经11岁了。我可以骑共享单车吗?——不。你在12岁之前是不允许骑的。考查连词辨析。when当……时候;after在……之后;until直到;as因为。根据“You’re not allowed to do that ... you are 12.”可知,你不能骑直到你12岁;not…until…“直到……才……”,固定搭配,引导时间状语从句。故选C。
20.Teenagers should do some housework ________ they finish their homework.
A.until B.but C.after D.unless
【答案】C
【详解】句意:青少年应该在完成家庭作业之后做一些家务活。考查连词。until直到;but但是;after在……之后;unless除非。根据“do some housework”及“they finish their homework”可知表达做完家庭作业之后做家务活,用连词“after”引导时间状语从句。故选C。
21.Li Hong still failed the exam yesterday, ________ she tried her best.
A.if B.because C.though D.unless
【答案】C
【详解】句意:尽管李红尽了最大的努力,昨天她还是没通过考试。 考查连词辨析。if如果;because因为;though尽管;unless除非。“Li Hong still failed the exam yesterday”与“she tried her best”是让步关系,用though引导让步状语从句,故选C。
22.Many wild animals don’t have a safe place to live, ________ villages and farms are growing bigger and taking away their land.
A.because B.until C.although D.before
【答案】A
【详解】句意:很多野生动物没有安全的地方住,因为村子和农场正在逐渐扩大,夺走了它们栖息之地。考查连词。because因为;until直到;although尽管;before在……之前。根据“don’t have a safe place to live”及“villages and farms are growing bigger and taking away their land”可知,后面的句子表达原因,用连词“because”。故选A。
23.I don’t have to introduce her to you ________ you know the girl.
A.until B.unless C.since D.but
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我不用把她介绍给你,因为你认识那个女孩。考查连词辨析。until直到;unless除非;since因为;but但是。根据“I don’t have to introduce her to you...you know the girl”可知前后两句是因果关系,前果后因,用since引导原因状语从句。故选C。
24.If the singer ________ to Hechi ________ September 20th, please call me.
A.will get; on B.gets; on C.gets; in D.get; in
【答案】B
【详解】句意:如果歌手9月20日到达河池,请给我打电话。考查动词时态和介词辨析。on后加具体到某一天或具体某一天的早晨、下午和晚上;in后加某年某月某季节。此处是if引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主祈从现”的原则,又因主语“the singer”是第三人称单数,动词用三单形式,可排除A、D选项;空二后“September 20th”表示具体的某一天,用介词on。故选B。
25.________ the weather improves, we’ll have to cancel the outdoor picnic.
A.Unless B.If C.Because D.When
【答案】A
【详解】句意:除非天气好转,否则我们将不得不取消户外野餐。 考查连词辨析。unless除非;if如果;because因为;when当……时。根据“the weather improves, we’ll have to cancel the outdoor picnic.”可知,除非天气好转,否则要取消野餐活动,用unless引导条件状语从句,故选A。
26.I won’t go to the movies this afternoon ________ I’m free.
A.or B.unless C.because D.than
【答案】B
【详解】句意:除非我有空,否则今天下午我不会去看电影的。考查连词辨析。or否则,或者;unless除非;because因为;than比。根据“I won’t go to the movies this afternoon...I’m free.”可知,后句是前句的否定条件,除非有空否则不会去看电影。故选B。
27.You will not get the special gift ________ you finish all the tasks.
A.after B.because C.while D.unless
【答案】D
【详解】句意:除非你完成所有的任务,否则你不会得到特别的礼物。考查连词辨析。after在……之后;because因为;while当……时。unless除非。根据“You will not get the special gift … you finish all the tasks.”可知,本句是unless引导的条件状语从句,表示“除非”。故选D。
28.—What’s Cindy’s weekend plan?
—If it doesn’t rain, she ________ a trip to the Great Wall with her cousin.
A.takes B.took C.will take D.is taken
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——辛迪的周末计划是什么? ——如果不下雨,她将和表姐去长城旅行。 考查一般将来时。根据“If it doesn’t rain,”可知,这里是由if引导的条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时。符合“主将从现”原则。故选C。
29.—Do you always sleep with the window open?
—Yes, _________ it’s really cold.
A.unless B.since C.because D.if
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你总是开着窗户睡觉吗?——是的,除非真的很冷。考查连词的辨析。unless除非;since自从;because因为;if如果。根据应答语“Yes, … it’s really cold.”可知,前一句回答:是的,后一句表达应与前一句形成对比,表转折。故选A。
30.—It is impossible to finish the difficult task in such a short time on my own ________ both of us work together.
—No problem. Let’s start!
A.if B.but C.because D.unless
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——除非我们两个一起努力,否则我一个人不可能在这么短的时间内完成这项艰巨的任务。——没问题。让我们开始吧!考查连词辨析。if如果;but但是;because因为;unless除非。根据“It is impossible to finish the difficult task in such a short time on my own...both of us work together.”可知,前后句是条件关系,除非两个人一起努力,否则不能完成任务。故选D。
二、完成句子
31.如果你放弃,你就会落后。
You _____________________________________.
【答案】will fall behind, if you give up
【详解】fall behind落后,if如果,you你,give up放弃。此处是if引导的条件状语从句,满足“主将从现”原则,故填will fall behind, if you give up。
32.北京冬奥会开幕式很精彩,我们都很欣赏。
The opening ceremony of Beijing Winter Olympics ______________ we all enjoyed it.
【答案】was so wonderful that##was so excellent that
【详解】本句是“so...that...”句式,意为“如此……以致……”;wonderful / excellent “精彩的”;根据“北京冬奥会开幕式”可知句子是一般过去时。故填was so wonderful/excellent that。
33.梅梅要等到雨停后才会离开这儿。
Meimei ________ ________ here ________ the rain ________.
【答案】 won’t leave until stops
【详解】直到……才:not...until,引导时间状语从句,遵循“主将从现”,主句用一般将来时will do,will not=won’t,离开:leave;从句主语是the rain,谓语动词用三单stops“停止”。故填won’t;leave;until;stops。
34.宇航员在太空中进行的实验颇有价值,值得开展。
The experiments done in space by the astronauts are so valuable ____________________.
【答案】that they are worth carrying out/that it is worth carrying them out
【详解】根据中英文可知,此处空对应的中文为“值得开展”,结合“so valuable”可知,此处为so…that引导的结果状语从句,be worth doing“值得做”;carry out“实行,开展”。故填that they are worth carrying out/that it is worth carrying them out。
35.这本书我已经买了一个星期了。它如此精彩,以至于我决定再看一次。
I ________ the book for a week. It is ________ that I decide to read it once more.
【答案】 have had so wonderful##so great
【详解】由 for a week可知,第一个空应该用延续性动词have意为“买,拥有”,此处为现在完成时,主语是I,因此助动词用have,所以这里填have had;第二个空wonderful意为“精彩的”或者用great意为“美妙的”。这里是so…that…意为“如此……以至于……”,所以此处填so wonderful或者so great。故填have had;so wonderful/so great。
36.这个问题太难了,几乎没有学生能回答出来。
This question was ________ ________ ________ few students could answer it.
【答案】 so difficult that
【详解】根据语境可知本题考查so…that…表示“如此……以至于……”的意思,so后面加形容词。difficult表示“难的,困难的”。故填so;difficult;that。
37.孙俪是如此有表演天赋,以至于她经常被高度评价。
Sun Li has ________________________________________.
【答案】such a gift for action that she is often spoken highly of
【详解】so/such...that...“如此……以致于……”,是结果状语从句的连词;have a gift for sth“有某方面的天赋”,此处修饰名词,连词应用such...that...结构,speak highly of“高度评价”,是固定短语,从句主语用she代替孙俪,此处应用被动语态,often“经常”,是一般现在时的标志词,故填such a gift for action that she is often spoken highly of。
38.现代医学发展如此迅速,以至于绝大多数眼疾可以被治愈。
Modern science is developing so quickly that ____________________.
【答案】most eye diseases can be cured
【详解】大多数:most,后接名词复数;眼疾:eye diseases;可以:can;被治愈:be cured。情态动词后接动词原形;故填most eye diseases can be cured。
39.你最好把这些文件按类分好,以便能及时分发出去。
You’d better ________________________________________________________________.
【答案】separate the papers into groups so that they can be handed out on time
【详解】separate...into...“把……分成……”;papers“文件”;groups“组”;so that“以便”,引导目的状语从句;they“它们”,代指文件;can be handed out“能够被分发”,是含情态动词的被动语态;on time“准时”。故填separate the papers into groups so that they can be handed out on time。
40.既然这个项目很有价值,为何不尽快开展呢?
Why don’t you _____________________________________?
【答案】carry out the project as soon as possible since it is of great value
【详解】why don’t you do sth“你为什么不做某事”,carry out“开展”, the project“这个项目”,as soon as possible“尽快”,since“既然” ,be of great value“很有价值”;根据汉意可知,since引导的原因状语从句为一般现在时,主语为it,be动词用is。故填carry out the project as soon as possible since it is of great value。
三、改写句子
41.He is the tallest in his class.(变成同义句)
No one ________ in his class is as ________ as he.
【答案】 else tall
【详解】句意:他是班上最高的。此句也可表达为“他班上没有其他的人和他一样高。” else其他的,修饰不定代词要后置,as...as...和……一样,as和as中间填形容词或副词原级,填tall。故填else;tall。
42.The scientist was so weak that he couldn’t continue with his research (改为简单句)
The scientist was ________ ________ to continue with his research.
【答案】 too weak
【详解】句意:这位科学家太虚弱了,无法继续他的研究。“so+形容词/副词+that+sb.+can’t/couldn’t do sth.”意思是“如此(太)……,而不能……”,可以改成too+形容词/副词+to do sth.“太……,而不能……”。故填too;weak。
43.We were very tired. We took a taxi back to the hotel to rest our feet. (保持句意不变)
We were ________ tired ________ we took a taxi back to the hotel to rest our feet.
【答案】 so that
【详解】句意:我们很累。我们乘出租车回酒店休息。根据题意是变成同义句,so+形容词+that从句,表示“如此……以至于……”,表示“我们如此累,以至于乘出租车去酒店休息”,与原句同义,故填so;that。
44.Joan got up early in order to reach her hometown before dark.(保持句意基本不变)
Joan got up early ________ ________ she could reach her hometown before dark.
【答案】 so that
【详解】句意:琼起得很早,以便天黑前赶到老家。题目要求改为同义句,空格后为句子,应用so that,意为“为了,以便”,引导目的状语从句。故填so;that。
45.Anyone will fall behind if he doesn’t have a good learning habit. (保持句意基本不变)
Anyone will fall behind _________ he _________ a good learning habit.
【答案】 unless has
【详解】句意:如果没有良好的学习习惯,任何人都会落后。此题为同义句转换,可以改为“除非有良好的学习习惯,否则任何人都会落后”,因此第一个空用“unless”,意为“除非”;从句时态为一般现在时,主语he是第三人称单数,谓语动词应把have变为has,因此第二个空用“has”。故填unless;has。
46.Don’t touch the machine if the teacher doesn’t allow you to. (保持句意基本不变)
Don’t touch the machine ________ the teacher ________ you to.
【答案】 unless allows
【详解】句意:如果老师不允许,请不要触摸机器。改为同义句时,可改为“除非老师允许,不然不要触摸机器”,除非:unless,引导条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”,从句用一般现在时,主语是“the teacher”,谓语动词用第三人称单数allows“允许”。故填unless;allows。
47.Bing Dwen Dwen is popular. It is really hard to get one.(合并两句为一句)
Bing Dwen Dwen is ________ popular ________ it is really hard to get one.
【答案】 so that
【详解】句意:冰墩墩很受欢迎。真的很难买到。根据句意以及语境可知,将两个句子合并起来可以用so+adj/adv+that引导的结果状语从句。根据“Bing Dwen Dwen is…popular…it is really hard to get one.”可知,本句中的“popular”受欢迎的,是形容词,它的前面需填so,其后需填that。故填so;that。
48.The lecture from China’s space station was very interesting. It attracted many children. (合并为一句)
The lecture from China’s space station was ________ interesting ________ it attracted many children.
【答案】 so that
【详解】句意:来自中国空间站的讲座很有趣。它吸引了许多孩子。原句表示“讲座如此有趣以致于吸引了许多孩子”,用so+adj+that...句型引导结果状语从句,故填so;that。
49.We’ll go bike riding if it doesn’t rain tomorrow. (同义句转换)
We’ll go bike riding _______ it ________ tomorrow.
【答案】 unless rains
【详解】句意:如果明天不下雨,我们就去骑自行车。根据题目要求可知,if...not...=unless“除非”,且遵循主将从现原则,主语“it”是第三人称单数,第二空rains符合句意。故填unless;rains。
50.Use you mind, and you will work out the solution by yourself.(保持句意基本不变)
_________ _________ use your mind, you will work out the solution by yourself.
【答案】 If you
【详解】句意:动动脑筋,你就能自己想出解决办法来。根据句意及语境,“use your mind”是“you will work out the solution by yourself.”的条件,故此句可改成if引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”的原则。故第一空是if,放在句首首字母大写,第二空是主语you。故填If;you。
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