Unit 1 People of Achievement Reading and Thinking课件

UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENTReading and Thinking1. Who is the woman in the photo?2. What is happening in this photo?3. What more can you find from this photo?Look & discuss1.She is Tu Youyou.2.She is being awarded Nobel Prize. 3.Tu Youyou received her prize from King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden during the Nobel Prize Awards Ceremony at Concert Hall in Stockholm(斯德哥尔摩), Sweden.★Tu Youyou, Chinese Chemist★ Winner of the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.★ She was nominated by the BBC as one of the most influential figures in 20th century science alongside Marie Curie, Alan Turing, and Albert Einstein.★ Recipient of the Medal of the Republic（共和国勋章）. 1.What did she discover?She discovered a new revolutionary treatment for malaria(疟疾)—artemisinin (青蒿素). 2.When did she discover it?In 1971. To be a man of value is more meaningful than to be a man of success. She is a man of value. Because she made a great discovery of the artemisinin which saves millions of lives worldwide.ReadingTu Youyou AwardedNobel PrizePara. 1Para. 3Para.2Para.4Task 1: Match the main ideas with each paragraph.Fast–readingB. The honor of the discovery. Tu’s way to the treatment for malaria. C. The significance of Tu’s discoveryD. The discovery of the artemisinin.Skills: try to find out who, when, why, where and what. It mainly talks about ____________ achievement and her way to ______________________ which saves lots of people worldwide.Tu Youyou'sfind out the artemisininTask 2: 2. Where would you most likely find this passage?A. In a blog. B. In a book. C. In a letter. D. In a newspaper.1. What is the writing style of the passage?Task 3: News.1930Tested the medicine on themselves and later on patients. The medicine became a standard treatment for malaria.1955Chosen to be the first researchers to discover a new treatment for malaria.Graduated from Peking University Medical School1969Born in Ningbo, China Careful reading1971Became the head of the project in Beijing and decided to find traditional botanical treatments for the disease.Awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology and Medicine.Find out what happened to Tu in the following years.1967Tu and her discovery2015Para.1Why is the discovery of artemisinin important?Can you list the exact number?crucial / vitalWhat do the numbers mentioned in the text suggest?1. Para 1: over200 million people around the world get malaria each year, and about 600,000 die from it... and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.2. Para 2: her team examined over 2,000 old medical texts and evaluated 280,000plants for ..,they discovered and tested 880 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments...3. Para 3: After failing more than 190 times, the team finally succeeded in 1971.people who get malaria people die from malaria lives to be savedshow the efforts that Tu Youyou's team have madesuggests the difficulties that Tu's team once met and their determination find out a cure for malaria.8,000 plants for properties.using the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. They tested __________________________________________They tried _________________but______ ________________They used a __________________________ the sweet wormwood contract.They tested the medicine on_______________.malaria patientsa standardtreatment for malariaHow was artemisinin discovered?What was the key to getting a good extract from the wormwood? A. the active voice/ offer many opinions B. the first person/ talk about feelings C. both active and passive voices / mostly contain facts2. Which two pieces of information were not included in the passage? A. A quote from Tu Youyou B. The details of how artemisinin was discovered C. Tu Youyou's important contributions other than the discovery of artemisinin. D. Tu Youyou's personal life. E. Tu Youyou's road to discovering artemisinin F. What Tu Youyou was awarded. G. Why artemisinin is an important discovery.Choose the correct answers:1.Passage like this are most often written in _____ and _______.Fill in the blanks 　Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize in 2015 for her research，1__________ led to the discovery of artemisinin. Artemisinin 2 __________ （save） a large number of lives since it was discovered.　　After 3 __________ （graduate） from university，Tu Youyou worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine. In 1967，Tu Youyou 4 __________ （choose）as a researcher of a team of scientists with 5 __________ purpose of discovering a new treatment for malaria. They 6 __________ 　　　　（evaluate） 280，000 plants and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical 7 _________（treat）.One medical text suggested using the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. Tu Youyou analysed the medical texts again，and 8 __________ chance，she found one sentence suggesting a different way. Soon she found a substance that worked by dealing with the sweet wormwood at a 9 __________（low） temperature. The team’s hard work 10 __________ （eventual） paid off in 1971.　　Tu Youyou thought the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort and the Nobel Prize was an honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.whichhas savedgraduatingwas chosentheevaluatedtreatmentsbylowereventually Because she is the first Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Because her discovery of artemisinin has saved hundreds of thousands of lives. Because …committed never acknowledge defeat perseverantdare to challengefaithfulhard-workingable to endure hardship…课文图示与复述课文图示与复述Language points教材原句p.2 Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria...  青蒿素成了抗疟疾药物的关键成分…… 题组练·领悟方法核心词汇1 vital adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的 be vital to/for 对……至关重要搭配 It is vital to do sth. 做某事是至关重要的。 It is vital that...……是至关重要的。Perseverance is vital to success. 毅力对于成功至关重要。It is vital to make sure the safety of the inhabitants of this district.确保这个地区居民的安全是至关重要的。［词汇复现］It’s vital that we（should）help children set correct moral values.我们帮助孩子树立正确的道德价值观是至关重要的。 【学法点拨】在“It is vital that...”句式中，that 引导的主语从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语用“should+ 动词原形”，should 可以省略。类似的句式还有“It is necessary/ natural/ important / strange/ essential that...”。单句语法填空（1）Interest is as vital ___________　 learning as the ability to understand，even more so.（2）It is vital that enough money ____________________（collect）to fund the project.（3）It is vital for a journalist ___________（keep）accurate records.完成句子（4）__________________（ …… 是至关重要的） we should recycle whatever we can to cut down the cost.（5）___________　（ …… 是至关重要的） to keep the safety rules in mind.to/for　句意：兴趣对于学习来说，如同理解能力一样重要，甚至更重要。（should）be collectedto keepIt is vital thatIt is vital教材原句p.2 Tu Youyou，a committed and patient scientist，was born in Ningbo，China，on 30 December 1930...屠呦呦，这位尽职尽责、锲而不舍的科学家，1930 年12月30 日出生于中国宁波……2 committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的搭配：be committed to 致力于；对……很坚定He is still committed to the struggle for the equal rights of the black.他仍然致力于为黑人争取平等权利的斗争。We are fully committed to Equal Opportunity policies.我们完全支持机会均等政策。【词语积累】（1）commit v. 承诺；保证；做（错事），犯（罪）；投入（钱、时间、人力等）commit oneself to do/doing sth. 承诺/ 保证做某事commit a crime/a mistake 犯罪/ 犯错误commit suicide/murder 自杀/ 谋杀commit...to... 投入……于……He admitted that he had committed the crime.他承认他犯了罪。［词汇复现］The typical mistakes that he committed have been written down.他所犯的典型错误都已经被写了下来。（2）commitment n. 承诺；投入make a commitment 做出承诺单句语法填空（1）［2019·天津卷改编］Doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable ___________（commit）.（2）［2017·江苏卷改编］He quickly found that he loved playing this instrument，and was___________　　（commit） to practicing it.（3）He has committed himself ___________　 the cause of education.完成句子（4）This development area ___________________（致力于） creating a perfect investment environment.（5）There was no doubt that her colleague ____________________（犯了罪） and was put into prison.（6）If you are serious about our relationship，you should ______________________　（做出承诺）.commitment　空前有 an，所以应该填名词。committed　tois committed tocommitted a crimemake a commitment教材原句p.2 Her team examined over 2，000 old medical texts，and evaluated 280，000 plants for their medical properties. 她的团队研读了2 000 多篇（个）中医药古籍（古方），评估了28 万种植物的药学属性。3 evaluate vt. 评价；评估搭配：evaluate+how/whether... 评估/ 评价……I can’t evaluate his ability without seeing his work.没有看到他的工作情况，我无法评估他的能力。Afterwards，they evaluated the damage caused by the fire.后来，他们评估了大火造成的损失。［词汇复现］We need to evaluate how well the policy is working.我们需对这一政策产生的效果做出评价。【词语积累】evaluation n. 评估，估算make an evaluation of... 对……进行评估an evaluation of the health care system 对医疗保健制度的评价单句语法填空（1）The effects of the drug on patients’ behaviour are extremely difficult __________（evaluate）.（2）It is widely acknowledged that students should ___________　（evaluate） in terms ofoverall quality.（3）We need to carry out a proper ___________　（evaluate）of the new system.完成句子（4）The school has only been open for six months，so it’s hard to _____________________（评估它的成功）.to evaluatebe evaluatedevaluationevaluate its success教材原句p.2 ...they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments... ……他们发现并测试了380 种不同的……古代中医疗法。4 distinct adj. 有区别的；清晰的，清楚的搭配 It is distinct that... 很明显…… be distinct from...in... 在……方面与……不同（=be different from...in...）It is distinct that we should make a distinction between the two cases.很明显，我们应该把这两种情况区别开来。The two posters are distinct definitely from each other in style.这两张海报在风格上确实截然不同。［词汇复现］【词语积累】（1）distinction n.［C，U］ 差别；区分；卓著 make/draw a distinction 区分开来；区别对待the distinction between A and B　A 与 B 之间的差别 a writer of distinction 一位优秀的作家The new rule makes no distinction between members and nonmembers.新规则对会员和非会员没有区别。（2）distinguish v. 区分，辨别，分清distinguish between right and wrong明辨是非【学法点拨】 make/draw a distinction between A and B 把A 与B 区分开来 tell the difference between A and B tell/distinguish A from B distinguish between A and B单句语法填空（1）Gold is distinct ___________　 iron.（2）There is a fine ___________　（distinct） between the two words.（3）We must make a distinction ___________　formal language and informal language.完成句子（4）It’s difficult for a child to ____________________________________________　（明辨是非）.（5）______________________________　（……是明显的）smoking is harmful to our health.一句多译你知道单词 substitute 和 replace 的区别吗？（6）_______________________________________________________________________（7）_______________________________________________________________________（8）_______________________________________________________________________fromdistinctionbetween　make a distinction between right and wrong/distinguish right from wrongIt is distinct/obvious/evident that　Can you tell the difference between the words substitute and replace?Can you make a distinction between the words substitute and replace?Can you distinguish between the words substitute and replace?教材原句p.2 They then tried boiling fresh wormwood，and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria...之后，他们尝试水煎新鲜青蒿叶，用熬出的液体治疗疟疾……5 obtain vt.（尤指经努力）获得；赢得 vi.（规章、习俗等）存在；流行搭配：obtain...from/out of/through... 从……中得到……He failed to obtain a scholarship. 他没有获得奖学金。He obtained an important mission from the organization.他从该组织获得了一项重要任务。［词汇复现］We obtained knowledge through books. 我们从书本中获得知识。Different laws obtain in different places.不同的法律适用于不同的地方。The custom still obtains in some districts.这种风俗在某些地方仍然流行。【归纳拓展】表示“获得”的动词：gain，get，acquire，obtain。单句语法填空（1）Some of the salt that we use is obtained___________　 the sea.（2）We can obtain experience ___________　constant practice.（3）These are the results ___________（obtain）through these surveys.完成句子（4）You should ______________________（ 获得允许） from the head teacher before you leave school.（5）Both of these books can ______________________（从……中得到） the library.fromthroughobtained过去分词短语作定语，修饰results。obtain permissionbe obtained from教材原句p.2 Their project got stuck.他们的项目陷入了僵局。6 get stuck 陷入困境常用的表示“陷入……之中”的短语：be/get stuck in，be/get trapped in，be/get caught in。He got stuck in a traffic jam downtown and was two hours late for work. 他在市区遇上了交通堵塞，上班迟到了两个小时。［词汇复现］【学法点拨】“get + 过去分词 ”强调过程或动作。“be + 过去分词”强调既成的结果。The vase was broken，but he wanted to know how it got broken.这个花瓶碎了，但是他想知道它是怎样被打碎的。【归纳拓展】 lost 迷路 married 结婚 get pleased 感到满意 get surprised感到吃惊 hurt 受伤 tired of 厌倦He got thoroughly lost on the way to the building site.他在去建筑工地的路上彻底迷路了。单句语法填空（1）In April，thousands of holidaymakers remained___________（stick）abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.（2）The little girl who got ___________（lose）decided to remain where she was and wait for her mother.（3）At first they disliked each other，but they ended up getting ___________（marry） after going through a lot together.完成句子（4）— Sorry I’m late. I ______________________（陷入了） traffic.— Never mind. You’re here now. Come in and sit down.stuck　lost句中where 引导的从句作remain 的表语。marriedend up doing sth. 以做某事而告终。got stuck in教材原句p.2 However，Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. 然而，屠呦呦并不认输。7 acknowledge vt. 承认（属实、权威等）；（公开）感谢They acknowledged having given up the ship at last.最后，他们承认弃船逃生了。They acknowledged that the topic they were discussing was related to national security.他们承认，他们正在讨论的话题与国家安全有关。I gratefully acknowledge financial support from several local businesses. 我对几家本地企业的资助表示感谢。【词语辨析】acknowledge，admit 与 recognise（1）acknowledge 指公开“承认”事实或过错。（2）admit 强调被迫“承认”。（3）recognise 指正式“承认”“公认”主权、权利等。I did not acknowledge that he had done anything wrong. 我没有承认他犯了什么错。It was a stupid thing to do, I admit. 我承认，那次干的是件蠢事。He is recognized to be their natural leader. 人们都承认他是他们的当然领袖。单句语法填空（1）He eventually acknowledged __________________（make） a mistake.（2）He’s generally acknowledged ___________　the game’s finest coach.（3）It is acknowledged ___________　 he is innocent.完成句子（4）彼得承认未通过驾照考试。Peter _________________________________________________________the driving test.（5）_____________________________________（普遍认为） getting up early is beneficial to health.making/having made　asthatacknowledged not passing/acknowledged that he hadn’t passedIt is widely/generally acknowledged that8 defeat n. & vt.（1）n.［C，U］失败；挫败a big/bad defeat 大败 a narrow defeat 惜败suffer（a）defeat 遭遇失败 admit defeat 认输acknowledge defeat承认失败This defeat was a powerful blow to the enemy.这次失败对敌人是有力的打击。（2）vt. 击败；战胜；使受挫；使困惑，难住defeat the enemy 击败敌人We were defeated by 3 goals to 2. 我们以 2 比 3 的比分被击败。The last question on the paper defeated me.试卷上的最后一道题把我难住了。【词语辨析】defeat，beat 与 win 宾语为对手时，两者可通用defeat/beat defeat 的宾语通常是敌人 beat 多用于竞争、比赛、辩论等 表示在竞争中取得胜利win 宾语多是 game，match，race，election，prize 等 不能接人，但可说 win over sb.（把某人争取过来）Yesterday I defeated/beat Hanks in the match. He won only one set，while I won two. 昨天在比赛中我赢了汉克斯。他只赢了一局，而我赢了两局。完成句子（1）They ____________________（遭遇失败） in the battle.（2）It was lack of effort，not of money，that_______________________（使他们的计划失败）.（3）This time our team ______________________（被击败） by 5 goals to 2.辨析填空：defeat/beat/win（4）— Did you watch the football match last night?— Yes，that’s a most close one，and eventually neither side could ___________ the other.（5）［2017·北京卷］Every year，whoever makes the most beautiful kite will ___________ a prize in the Kite Festival.suffered a defeatdefeated their plan本句是强调句式“It was+ 被强调部分 +that...”，强调了句子主语lack of effort，not of money。was defeateddefeat/beatwin教材原句p.2 She analysed the medical texts again，and by chance，she found one sentence suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood. 她再次分析 医学文献，碰巧发现其中有一句话建议采用一种不同的方法处理青蒿。9 by chance 偶然；碰巧I heard their talking by chance. 我偶然听到他们的谈话。When I went to Yunnan on business，I enjoyed this ethnic Chinese snackby chance. 当我去云南出差的时候，我碰巧品尝了这种有民族特色的中国小吃。［词汇复现］【一言助记】He broke the vase by chance/accident，not on purpose/by design.他不小心打碎了花瓶，不是故意的。【归纳拓展】take a chance/take one’s chances 冒险；碰运气have a/the chance to do sth. 有机会去做某事单句语法填空（1）I met him ___________　 chance at Saint Basil’s Cathedral.（2）I won’t take ___________　 chance on a July holiday in Britain—it always rains.（3）He often hurts my feelings ___________　 design.完成句子（4）Research has confirmed that the accident happened____________________ （偶然）.（5）You should never ____________________________（冒险） when driving a car.byabyby chance/by accidenttake a chance/take your chances教材原句p.2 She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties. 她得出结论，认为水煎青蒿显然破坏了它的药学属性。10 apparently adv. 显而易见；看来；显然He stopped，apparently lost in thought. 他停下来，显然陷入了沉思。Apparently his paper was downloaded from the website.显然他的论文是从网站上下载的。【词语积累】apparent adj. 显而易见的；显然的；表面上的It is apparent/obvious that... ……是显而易见的。It soon became apparent that Hallidie had a major problem.不久就看出来哈利迪有了大麻烦。It is apparent to everyone that it is a historical event that has changed the destiny of the Chinese people. 每个人都清楚，它是一个改变了中国人民命运的历史事件。［词汇复现］单句语法填空（1）As is ___________　（apparent） indicated in the table，the house prices have dropped.（2）It is apparent ___________　 the man has lost his patience.完成句子（3）_________________________________（ …… 很明显） the drug does benefit some patients.（4）_________________________________________________________________（很明显，这个女孩没明白） what the teacher had said.apparently　thatIt’s apparent/obvious thatApparently the girl didn’t take in/It was apparent that the girl didn’t take in教材原句p.3 Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. 屠呦呦与团队成员甚至坚持以身试药，以确保药物的安全性。11 insist vi. & vt. 坚持；坚决要求搭配： insist on/upon doing sth. 坚持做某事 that... 坚决要求……；坚持说……The brave captain insisted on heading to the destination in the storm.勇敢的船长在暴风雨中坚持向目的地前进。［词汇复现］I insist that the project（should）be carried out on schedule.我坚决要求这个工程按计划开展。He insisted that the identity of a person couldn’t be changed.他坚持认为，一个人的身份是不能改变的。【误区警示】insist 后接 that 从句时，有两种情况：（1）表示“坚持，坚决要求”时，从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should+ 动词原形”，should 可以省略。（2）表示“坚持说，坚持认为”时，从句不用虚拟语气。She insisted that the man had stolen her wallet and that he（should）be sent to the police station. 她坚持说那个人偷了她的钱包，并坚决要求把他送到警察局。单句语法填空（1）The man insisted ___________　 finding a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.（2）He insisted that he ___________　（do） nothing wrong and _______________（set） free.完成句子（3）The road is covered with snow. I can’t understand why they ______________________（坚持去） by motorbike.（4）She was stubborn and insisted that the work______________________（完成） ahead of schedule.（5）My sister _____________________________（坚持说她是无辜的）.onhad done（should） be set注意此题 insist后从句的语气。insist on going　（should）be finishedinsist（坚决要求）后的宾语从句用虚拟语气。insisted that she was innocent教材原句p.3 Tu Youyou’s important contributions other than the discovery of artemisinin. 屠呦呦除青蒿素的发现之外的重要贡献。12 other than 除了；绝不是He has no friend other than you. 他除了你之外就没有别的朋友了。He never speaks to me other than to ask for something.他除了向我要东西，从不跟我说话。【归纳拓展】none other than （强调出人意料的人或事）竟然 for no other reason than that 只是因为more than 超过；多于；不仅仅；非常　 less than 不足，不到；少于rather than 而不是The new arrival is none other than the president. 刚刚来的竟是总统。His report is more than a survey. 他的报告不只是一份调查。It is the time to seek your fortune，rather than to be obsessed with mobile games at home at your age. 在你这个年龄，是时候去寻找成功致富之路了，而不是在家里沉迷于手机游戏。［词汇复现］完成句子（1）By serving others，a person focuses on someone______________________（除了） himself or herself，which can be very eye-opening.（2）The expert is ______________________（竟然） his younger brother.辨析填空：other than/more than/less than（3）The truth was known to no one ______________________ herself.（4）She is ______________________ our teacher；she is also our friend.（5）In ______________________ three days，she finished all the work，which surprised us greatly.other thannone other thanother thanmore thanless than教材原句p.2 Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria，and is thought to save 100，000 lives a year in Africa alone. 青蒿素成了抗疟疾药物的关键成分，据估计每年仅在非洲就挽救了10 万人的性命。1 Sb./Sth. be thought to... 某人/ 某物被认为……A healthy life is usually thought to be related to the open countryside and home-grown food. 健康的生活通常被认为与开阔的乡村和土生土长的食物有关。【归纳拓展】be said to... 据说…… be reported to... 据报道……be believed to... 人们相信…… be claimed to... 据声称……be announced to... 据宣布…… be required to... 据要求…… be thought to... 有人……认为……Fortune is said to favor those who has been ready for it.据说幸运总是青睐那些有准备的人。［词汇复现］Different people with the new disease are reported to have diverse symptoms. 据报道，得这种新疾病的人症状不一。［词汇复现］重点句式【学法点拨】Sb./Sth. is thought/said/reported to do/have done...=It is thought/said/ reported that...，动词不定式有时态和语态的变化。They are said to have saved quantities of natural resources in this way.=It is said that they have saved quantities of natural resources in this way. 据说他们用这种方法节约了大量的自然资源。单句语法填空（1）___________　 is thought that the joy of traveling is not in arriving at your destination but in the journey itself.（2）My family has a vase，which ___________　（think） to date back to the Ming Dynasty.完成句子（3）The mayor ______________________　（据报道）visit our school next week.（4）_________________________________（普遍认为） a good education is beneficial to young people.（5）An agreement _______________________________________（被宣布已达成） at the end of the meeting.同义句转换（6）It is thought that the Chinese people started to use paper money earlier than westerners.→ The Chinese people ______________________　 to use paper money earlier than westerners.Itis thought　is reported toIt is generally believed thatwas announced to have been reachedare thought to start教材原句p.3 Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize，she said，“The honour is not just mine...”获悉自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我……”【句式分析】“介词 upon+ 动词 -ing 形式”构成介词短语，在句中作时间状语。2 upon 一……就……Upon receiving a phone call from his wife saying she had a fall，Mr. Green immediately rushed home from his office. 一接到妻子的电话说她摔了一跤，格林先生就立即从办公室赶回家了。【学法点拨】upon 还可换作介词on，表示一件事紧接着另一件事而发生。这种用法常见于正式的文体，依据语境，可译作“在……的时候；当……时；一……就……”。On arriving at the stadium，the athletes began to work out.一到体育场，运动员们就开始训练。【归纳拓展】用作连词表示“一……就……”的名词词组：the moment/the instant/the minute/the second单句语法填空（1）Upon ___________（appear）on the field，the deer was shot by the hunter.（2）___________　 his arrival at his hometown，he went to visit his teachers.完成句子（3）She came to the scene _________________________（一听说） the accident.（4）Telephone me ________________________________________________（ 一……就……） you make a deal.（5）___________________________________________（一……就……）you think of giving up，you must think about the great efforts you have made.appearingUpon/Onon/upon hearing ofthe moment/the instant/the minute/the secondThe moment/The instant/The minute/The secondTHE END