Unit 3 Environmental Protection Assessing Your Progress 课件＋练习（教师版＋学生版）

Unit 3 Environmental Protection Assessing your Progress课时练习（解析版）

一、语法填空。

Switzerland is world-famous for its quality chocolate，with its high-end chocolate brands achieving international 1.        (recognize)．However，people in the Swiss town of Olten，near Zurich，got the surprise of their lives earlier this week,2.         chocolate snow covered the whole town.Some locals wondered if the brown “snow” was 3.         unusual consequence of climate change.However，all became clear after the local chocolate maker Lindt explained the brown shower resulted 4.         a fault in its cooling system at its factory.This fault was surely special,5.        (allow) blowing winds to move up chocolate dust and spread it over the town.

Many parts of the town 6.        (cover) in a layer of light brown，milk chocolate-flavoured dust.A representative from Lindt offered to pay for any cleaning services 7.        (require) as a result of the event.To date，no one has asked for help.The spokeswoman set people’s mind at rest with the claim that the cocoa bean powder is 8.        (harm) to human health and the environment.She added that factory engineers are working 9.        (constant) on repairing the technical problem.The chocolate dust incident led to a lot of jokes on social media.One user posted a comment，saying，“Chocolate snowflakes(雪花) fall from the sky，and it 10.        (look) like a dream come true.”

1．【答案】recognition

【解析】考查名词。瑞士高端的巧克力品牌获得国际认可。空处在句中作achieving的宾语，且其前有形容词修饰，应用名词，故填recognition。

2．【答案】when

【解析】考查定语从句。本周早些时候，苏黎世附近的瑞士小镇奥尔滕镇迎来了一场“巧克力雪”，让当地居民大吃一惊。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词earlier this week，指时间，故用when。

3．【答案】an

【解析】考查冠词。一些当地人想知道这种棕色的“雪”是否是气候变化的不寻常结果。根据句意可知，此处表泛指，且unusual的发音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。

4．【答案】from

【解析】考查介词。然而，在当地巧克力制造商Lindt透露“巧克力雪”是其工厂的冷却系统中的一个小故障造成的之后，一切都变得明朗了。result from是固定搭配，意为“起因于，由……造成”。

5．【答案】allowing

【解析】考查非谓语动词。allow与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语。

6．【答案】were covered

【解析】考查时态和语态。小镇的许多地方都覆盖着一层浅棕色、牛奶巧克力味的粉末。此处描述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时；Many parts of the town是cover这一动作的承受者，应用被动语态。故填were covered。

7．【答案】required

【解析】考查非谓语动词。Lindt的一名代表表示愿意支付该事件导致的、需要进行的任何清洁服务费用。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词。require与其逻辑主语any cleaning services之间是动宾关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语。

8．【答案】harmless

【解析】考查形容词。发言人安慰人们称，可可豆粉对人体健康和环境都是无害的。根据句意可知，此处表示“无害的”，故应填harmless。

9．【答案】constantly

【解析】考查副词。发言人补充说，工厂工程师正在不断地修复技术问题。修饰动词应用副词，故填constantly“不断地”。

10．【答案】looks

【解析】考查时态。巧克力雪花从天而降，恰似梦想成真。根据上文中的“fall”可知，此处应用一般现在时。故填looks。

二、阅读理解。

A

Alex Elman runs a big business—something hard to imagine after she lost her sight in her twenties.But Elman says that losing her sight helped her focus on finding success.

Elman’s father planted a hillside vineyard in western Massachusetts in 1981.It’s where Elman fled during the darkest period of her life.When she was 27 years old，she went blind due to complications from juvenile diabetes (青少年糖尿病) 17 years ago.She recalled，“I hid in my home.I hid in the place，to me，that was the safest place in the world.”

Elman is now the founder of Alex Elman Wines，a growing collection of organic wines from all around the world：Chianti from Italy，Torrontes from Argentina.Elman doesn’t work alone.Her assistant，a guide dog named Hanley，is something of a wine taster，and quite a beggar.Hanley travels to all of the wineries that Elman does，from South America to Europe.

At first，Elman resisted the idea of a seeing-eye dog.Now it’s hard to imagine her life，or her business，without him.She said，“When someone tells me something is organic and I don’t really believe it because I taste something funny on it，I’ll put it in front of his face and if he likes the wine，he’ll actually go in and sniff it.If it’s not right，he’ll turn his head away...He gets in the dirt with me.He scratches around.He makes sure that we see earthworms and butterflies.That’s how we know that the soil is actually organic and there are no chemicals.”

Elman told CBS News she believes the loss of her vision was a gift.She said，“It allowed me to pay attention to what I thought was important and also to be able to teach people that the broken hang nail is not a big deal，you know what I mean? Don’t sweat the small stuff.Don’t sweat the big stuff either.”

1．What can we know about Elman from Paragraph 2?

A．She suffered from juvenile diabetes from 27 years old.

B．She liked playing hide-and-seek during her childhood.

C．She lost her sight while helping with farm work in 1981.

D．She got through her hard days in the vineyard.

【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“...It’s where Elman fled during the darkest period of her life.”和“...I hid in the place，to me，that was the safest place in the world.”可知，埃尔曼在葡萄园度过了艰难的日子。故选D项。

2．What would Elman do when she couldn’t judge the wine exactly?

A．She would make Hanley go in and sniff it.

B．She would order Hanley to drink it.

C．She would turn to Hanley for advice.

D．She would have another taste herself.

【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段关键句“...I’ll put it in front of his face and if he likes the wine，he’ll actually go in and sniff it.If it’s not right，he’ll turn his head away...”可知，如果埃尔曼不能准确判断葡萄酒，她会向汉利寻求建议。故选C项。

3．What does the underlined words“the broken hang nail” in the last paragraph refer to?

A．A nail which is of no use.

B．A task that it’s hard to accomplish.

C．A disadvantage you have in your life.

D．A person who is hard to deal with.

【答案】C

【解析】词义猜测题。根据最后一段关键句“Elman told CBS News she believes the loss of her vision was a gift.”和“It allowed me to pay attention to what I thought was important”可知，在埃尔曼看来，人生中的缺陷是一份礼物，因为它让人们能够关注自己认为重要的事情，故画线词表示“劣势，缺陷”。故选C项。

4．According to the passage，which of the following will Elman most probably agree with?

A．When life gives you lemons，make lemonade.

B．The eye is blind if the mind is absent.

C．A single tree does not make a forest.

D．There is no royal road to success.

【答案】A

【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“Elman told CBS News she believes the loss of her vision was a gift.”可知，在埃尔曼看来，人生中的缺陷是一份礼物。“When life gives you lemons，make lemonade.”寓意为“遇到困境不退缩，逆流而上，苦中作乐，看到生活中阳光的一面”，符合埃尔曼的人生观，故选A项。

B

Researchers at Oregon State University have made a key advance in seeking for the green chemistry of changing the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide into reusable forms of carbon by electrochemical reduction.

Published in Nature Energy，the study led by Zhenxing Feng of the OSU College of Engineering and colleagues at Southern University of Science and Technology in China and Stanford University describes a new type of electrocatalyst (电催化剂)．

“The reduction of carbon dioxide is beneficial for a clean environment and sustainable development，” said Feng，assistant professor of chemical engineering.“In contrast to traditional CO2 reduction that uses chemical methods at high temperatures with a high demand of extra energy，electrochemical CO2 reduction reactions can be performed at room temperature using liquid solution.And the electricity required for electrochemical CO2 reduction can be obtained from renewable energy sources such as solar power，thus enabling completely green processes.”

“To understand the reaction mechanism of our catalyst，my group at OSU used X-ray absorption spectroscopy (光谱学) to monitor the catalyst’s change during the reaction processes，confirming the role of the catalyst in the reaction，” Feng said.“This collaborative work demonstrates a high-performance catalyst for green processes of electrochemical CO2 reduction reactions.It also shows the reaction mechanism of our catalyst，which can guide the future development of energy change devices as we work toward a negative-carbon economy.”

The National Science Foundation，the Department of Energy，the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis，Oregon State University，the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices supported this research.

Maoyu Wang and Marcos Lucero of OSU were among the collaborators，who also included scientists from Yale University，Northwestern University and the Argonne National Laboratory.

5．What achievement have the researchers made?

A．They have found a way to retain CO2.

B．They have learned the benefits of CO2.

C．They have discovered how to reuse CO2.

D．They have invented a new form of CO2.

【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，研究人员在寻找通过电化学还原法将温室气体二氧化碳转化为可重复利用的碳的绿色化学方面取得了关键性的进展。由此可知，研究人员取得的成就是发现了如何重复利用二氧化碳。故选C。

6．What does Zhenxing Feng express about the reduction of CO2 in Paragraph 3?

A．Their method has many advantages.

B．Their method only needs solar energy.

C．Their method is bad for the environment.

D．The traditional method is out of date.

【答案】A

【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，和传统的二氧化碳减排相比，电化学二氧化碳减排可以在室温下使用液体溶液进行，并且所需要的电力可以从太阳能等可再生能源中获取，因此可以使该过程完全环保。由此可推知，Zhenxing Feng认为他们的方法有更多的优势。故选A。

7．Why many research centers are introduced?

A．To show their popularity.

B．To tell us their locations.

C．To invite more people to join in the research.

D．To prove the correctness of the finding.

【答案】D

【解析】推理判断题。第五段提及的这些研究中心都支持这项研究。由此可推知，介绍这些研究中心是为了证明他们的发现是正确的。故选D。

8．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?

A．Education.   B．Science.

C．Life.   D．Health.

【答案】B

【解析】文章出处题。本文介绍了俄勒冈州立大学的研究人员发现通过电化学还原法能够将温室气体二氧化碳转化为可重复使用的碳，所以该文章应属于科学范畴。故选B。

三、应用文写作。

假如你是李华，你所居住的城市就要开始实行垃圾分类了。你们社区准备进行一次关于垃圾分类的公益活动，请你写一则英文通知，希望外国友人也能参与其中。内容包括：

1．活动的时间和地点；

2．参加人员需要做的工作；

3．报名地点和截止时间。

注意：词数80左右(格式已给出)。

参考词汇：垃圾分类garbage classification

【参考范文】

Notice

There will be a non­profit campaign focusing on garbage classification launched in the garden of our community from 9∶00 to 11∶00 this Sunday morning.Now some foreign volunteers are terribly wanted.

On that day what volunteers need to do is hand out the leaflets.What’s more，volunteers are expected to explain to those，especially foreigners，who have puzzles on how to classify different waste in our life.And some interesting games may make the atmosphere more lively.

Any foreign friend who has interest in this meaningful activity is welcome to sign up in the office of our community before Thursday.Looking forward to your taking part!

Yingze Community Office

四、读后续写。

阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

Deep in the forest, my husband and I had climbing over and crawling under the downed trees that blocked the dirt path before us. It was May, yet we walked up a snow-covered hill. When we noticed our jeans were wet up to our knees, it did not dampen our spirits. Not once did we say, “let’s turn around.” This was our vacation, and we were on an adventure. Little did we know this was the beginning of many more surprises.

The trail was marked as an easy one-kilometer hike, yet we were already walking a long distance. Our lightheartedness stopped when we came out into a clearing and saw a parking lot without our rental car in it. As my eyes scanned the surroundings, nothing looked familiar. My heart raced. I realized we were lost in a notional park that did not officially open for another week.

Usually, I am the calm one in the relationship, but my husband surprised me with his calmness. This did not comfort me; In fact, it heightened my fear. As we walked, I asked my husband to call for help, but there was no cell-phone signal in this isolated（偏僻的）area.

It was awfully quiet except for our footsteps hitting the road, and my heavy breathing. My husband suggested we conserve energy and walk slower. With each step on the road, my feet and thighs hurt while my mind raced with thoughts about people who got lost in the Canadian woods for days.

My vision sharpened. I noticed everything around me: the trees, rocks and snow. I thought we could eat the snow on the ground in case we needed water. For the first time in my life, I was ready and willing to get a ride, but we did not meet with a single car on the road. Silently, I prayed multiple times. We focused on each other, made joint decisions and connected through gratitude. We managed to stay on the main road and walked straight on.

注意：1. 所续写短文词数为 150 左右；2. 应使用 5 个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你使用的关键词语。

Paragraph 1：

My husband suddenly spotted a small building on a hill in the distance. _________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2：

Just then, a friendly woman appeared, saying, “Hello.”

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【参考范文】

My husband suddenly spotted a small building on a hill in the distance. In no time did we find ourselves heading for it. We were filled with hope and excitement to find such a building in the middle of nowhere. We climbed up the hill at a swinging pace as if all the pains were gone. As we approached, a sign came into sight, which read: Administration Office. However, it was not open for business. The empty hall made us nervous all at once. We stood there hopelessly wondering what to do next.

Just then, a friendly woman appeared, saying, “Hello.” I could barely hold back my enthusiasm and blurted out, “We’re lost!” She comforted us and opened a room for us to take a break. Seeing we were cold and hungry, she treated us with hot chocolate. After studying the map, we figured out that our car was parked over three kilometers away. She offered us a ride back to our car and we accepted gladly. I felt relieved to see our rental car again. What a blessing to have such an unforgettable experience!