1.2UNIT 1　SCIENCE AND SCIENTIST Learning About Language 课件+练习原卷+练习解析

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1.Mr. Johnson,what’s your　　　　　(think) on the question put forward at the meeting? 

2.In the 1960s, a German scientist made a remarkable 　　　　　(find) when observing honeybees. 

3.　　　　　(initial), the computer system worked well, but then we met some challenges. 

4.It is reported that the house price in some cities has decreased 　　　　　 10% in the past several years. 

5.As a matter of fact, you shouldn’t blame others 　　　　　 your failure. 

Ⅱ.根据语境翻译短语、判断加黑单词的词性和词义

1.I subscribe to the view that children benefit from being independent.

翻译　　　 

2. As a sports fan, I subscribed to several sports channels on TV last year.

翻译　　　 

3.Three prisoners were sharing one small cell 3 metres by 2 metres.

词性　　　　词义　　　　 

4.As yet, they have no solid/concrete evidence, so they have to release the suspect.

词性　　　　词义　　　　;词性　　　　词义　　　　;词性　　　　词义　　　　 

Ⅲ.单句语法专练

1.This is　　　　 my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. 

2.The best moment for the football star was　　　　 he scored the winning goal. 

3.By boat is the only way to get here, which is　　　　 we arrived.  

4.The number of snakes had declined. He realized that it was　　　　there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the heat. 

5.Chinese New Year is an important celebration. This is　　　decorating

rooms with plants, fruits and flowers carries special significance. 

6.Making a full-length clay(黏土) figure would not exhaust my strength—and that is　　　　 I intend to do! (2020天津) 

7.My first impression of the organization was 　　　　 it was not going to make enough of a difference with the plans I had in mind.(2021北京) 

Ⅳ.结合本单元语法点完成句子

1.然而,问题是这是不是发展中国家最需要的东西。

However,　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 this is what the developing countries need most. 

2.她看上去好像对此一无所知。其实不然。

She appeared 　　　　 　　　　 she 　　　　 　　　　 nothing about it. In fact that was not the case. 

3.我的建议是,如果你想上你理想的大学,你应该从现在开始努力学习。

My advice is that 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 from now on if you want to go to your ideal university. 

Ⅰ.阅读理解

(2021河北石家庄二中月考)

The history of microbiology begins with a Dutch cloth maker named Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, a man of no formal scientific education. In the late 1600s, Leeuwenhoek, inspired by the magnifying lenses(放大的镜片) he used to examine cloth, built some of the first microscopes. He developed a technique to improve the quality of tiny, rounded lenses, some of which could magnify an object up to 270 times. After removing some plaque(牙斑) from between his teeth and examining it under a lens, Leeuwenhoek found tiny twisting creatures, which he called “animalcules”.

His observations, which he reported to the Royal Society of London, are among the first descriptions of microbes. Leeuwenhoek discovered an entire universe invisible to the human eye. He found different microbes in samples of pond water, rain water, and human blood. He gave the first description of red blood cells, observed plant tissue, examined muscle, and investigated the life cycle of insects.

Nearly two hundred years later, Leeuwenhoek’s discovery of microbes helped French chemist and biologist Louis Pasteur to develop his “theory of disease”. This concept suggested that disease originates from germs attacking and weakening the body. Pasteur’s theory later helped doctors to fight infectious diseases including anthrax, diphtheria, polio, smallpox, tetanus, and typhoid. All these breakthroughs were the result of Leeuwenhoek’s original work. Leeuwenhoek did not foresee this legacy. 

In a 1716 letter, Leeuwenhoek described his contribution to science this way:“My work, which I’ve done for a long time, was not pursued in order to gain the praise I now enjoy. It was chiefly from a strong desire for knowledge, which I notice resides in me more than in most other men. And therefore, whenever I found out anything remarkable, I have thought it my duty to put down my discovery on paper, so that the scientific community might be informed thereof.”

1.Which of the following best describes Leeuwenhoek?

A.A trained researcher with an interest in microbiology.

B.A curious amateur(业余爱好者) who made pioneer studies of microbes.

C.A talented scientist interested in finding a cure for disease.

D.A bored cloth maker who accidentally made a major discovery.

2.What does the underlined phrase “this legacy” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A.The discovery of microbes.

B.Pasteur’s theory of disease.

C.Leeuwenhoek’s contribution.

D.The origin of the tiny organism.

3.What does the quote from Leeuwenhoek’s letter suggest?

A.He admitted that many of his discoveries happened by chance.

B.He considered his work to be central to later medical breakthroughs.

C.He was greatly concerned with improving people’s living conditions.

D.He believed the sharing of knowledge was a key to scientific progress.

4.What is the correct order of the following events?

a.Magnifying lenses were built.

b.The “theory of disease” was put forward.

c.Microbes were discovered in samples of waters.

d.Leeuwenhoek’s first microscopes were successfully developed.

e.Leeuwenhoek explained his thoughts upon his own contribution.

A.a-d-c-e-b.　　B.d-a-c-e-b.

C.a-d-c-b-e.　　D.d-a-e-b-c.

Ⅱ.完形填空

(2022福建三明一中月考,)

　　There was a science fiction story telling about a very gifted scientist. He learned the art of reproducing many copies of himself after a lot of practice. He did it so 　1　 that it was impossible to tell the reproduction from the original. 

There were some people who were against him and 　2　 him so much that they would order a killer to kill him, but the scientist didn’t want to die. One day, he 　3　 that someone was searching for him. “It must be the killer,” he thought. In order to remain 　4　, he had already reproduced multiple copies of himself. Then he 　5　 himself among these reproductions. 

In the lab, the killer was at a 　6　 to know which was the real scientist. Then he said, “Sir, I’ve discovered a small 　7　 in your work.” Hearing this, the scientist immediately 　8　 and shouted,“It’s 　9　! My work is perfect! Where is the fault?” “Right here,” said the killer. Then he 　10　 the scientist.  

The scientist’s whole plan 　11　 and he lost his 　12　 because he couldn’t control himself. At the same time, he had a(n) 　13　 weakness—pride. In fact, patience and modesty are good qualities which will help us be calm and act 　14　 when we have to complete difficult tasks. Next time before making a 　15　, be modest and patient and think twice. 

1.A.bravely　　B.slowly

C.perfectly　　D.confidently

2.A.feared　　B.supported

C.admired　　D.warned

3.A.noticed　　B.remembered

C.expected　　D.imagined

4.A.proud　　B.special

C.alive　　D.awake

5.A.hid　　B.protected

C.discovered　　D.reminded

6.A.risk　　B.time

C.loss　　D.chance

7.A.secret　　B.benefit

C.mistake　　D.surprise

8.A.ran away　　B.jumped up

C.calmed down　　D.fell down

9.A.impossible　　B.unnecessary

C.reasonable　　D.interesting

10.A.followed　　B.caught

C.passed　　D.invited

11.A.failed　　B.appeared

C.remained　　D.succeeded

12.A.dream　　B.work

C.memory　　D.life

13.A.excellent　　B.obvious

C.strange　　D.similar

14.A.silently　　B.quickly

C.honestly　　D.wisely

15.A.promise　　B.suggestion

C.decision　　D.comment

Ⅲ. 语法填空(2021河北邢台月考)

　　When it comes to U.S. middle school science and engineering, girls rule.Girls took the top five prizes at the 2019 Broadcom MASTERS, a competition for middle school students across the country. The winners 　1　 (announce) last month. The champion was 14-year-old brilliant Alaina Gassler who designed 　2　 system to make driving safer by decreasing the number of blind spots, the areas that drivers cannot see outside their vehicles, 　3　 lead to about 840,000 accidents a year nationwide. 

Alaina’s system helps drivers see “through” the A-frame pillar (支柱), the part of the vehicle at the front that 　4　(join) the top and front window, which is important for safety and cannot be removed. Alaina used a camera 　5　 (help) drivers look “through” the structure to see what is blocked. The camera sends a video to a device that shows 　6　 (image) on the other side of the pillar. The driver then can see what is 　7　 the blind spot. 

Alaina said she was so 　8　(surprise) when she heard her name called as the winner. She received a $25,000 prize for her 　9　(invent) and told Popular Mechanics that she would make improvements to her device with the money. Alaina said she wanted to improve the picture, 　10　 (make) it easy to see in any kind of weather, or at any time of a day. 

1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 

6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　 

Ⅳ.书面表达(2022湖北黄冈月考)

屠呦呦为社会发展做出了巨大的贡献,你身为一名高中生,要向她学习,立志做一个对社会有用的人。请你就此写一篇演讲稿,要点如下:

1.介绍屠呦呦的主要成就——带领团队发现了青蒿素,获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖;

2.提倡学生学习她身上优良的精神品质,如坚定、有耐心、不放弃等;

3.号召学生树立远大理想,做一个对社会有用的人。

注意:词数80左右。

参考词汇:青蒿素artemisinin;疟疾malaria