Unit 6 Earth first Period 3 Developing ideas，Presenting ideas & Reflection 课件+练习（原卷＋解析）

2021-2022学年上学期高一英语同步精品课堂(外研版新教材必修第二册)

Unit 6  Period 3  Developing ideas，Presenting ideas & Reflection

同步课时练习 解析版

一、单句语法填空

1. Parents should actively urge their children ____________(take) advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.

【答案】to take

【解析】考查动词用法/非谓语。句意：父母应该积极敦促他们的孩子利用机会加入运动队。urge sb. to do sth.：督促某人做某事。故填不定式to take。

2．If you are allergic to a food or drink, you can remove it _____ your diet.

【答案】from

【解析】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：如果你对某种食品或饮料过敏的话，你可以将它从你的饮食中去掉。remove … from …：从……中删除/移开。故填介词from。

3．Getting close to nature, he has drawn the conclusion that an intelligent artist is more likely to come up ________ the best idea arising from passionate interest in commonplace things.

【答案】with

【解析】考查动词短语。句意：接近自然，他得出的结论是，一个聪明的艺术家更有可能从对平凡事物的强烈兴趣中产生最好的想法。分析句式可知，该句中that引导的同位语从句中使用了结构sb. be likely to do sth.(某人很可能做某事)。又因sb. come up with sth.：某人想出/提出……。故填介词with。

4．I’m really interested in all that you have said. Can we discuss some things _______ detail?

【答案】in

【解析】考查介词短语。句意：我真的对你说的所有感兴趣。我们可以讨论其中的一些细节吗？分析句式可知，设空处应填介词，与detail构成介词短语，修饰谓语动词discuss。in detail：详细地。故填in。

5．_______ no account should you jump into/to a conclusion when you feel uncertain about a problem.

【答案】On

【解析】考查介词短语。句意：对一个问题感到不确定时，切莫仓促下结论。On no account：“决不”，位于句子开头，句子用部分倒装。故填介词On。

6. Two middle-aged passengers fell into the lake. Unfortunately,            of them could swim.

【答案】neither

【解析】考查代词。句意：两名中年乘客掉进湖里。不幸的是，他们俩都不会游泳。根据语境“掉进湖里”及“不幸的是”可知，这两位乘客都不会游泳。neither表示两者都不，故填代词neither。

7．I remembered to lock the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn_________ the lights.

【答案】off

【解析】考查动词短语。remember to do sth.记得去做某事；forget to do sth.忘记去做某事；所以该句句意：我离开办公室前记得锁门，但忘记关灯了。turn off：锁；关闭。故填off。

8．The recent financial crisis           (take) into account, the Japanese boss cut back on the number of employees working for him.

【答案】taken

【解析】考查非谓语。句意：考虑到最近的金融危机，日本老板削减了为他工作的员工人数。分析句式可知，The recent financial crisis           (take) into account, 为独立主格结构，作状语。因为take…into account：考虑到……，将……考虑进来；所以The recent financial crisis与take在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填taken。

9．Anything that is worth __________ is worthy __________ well.

【答案】doing; to be done

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：任何值得做的事情都值得做好。be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”，be worthy of being done或者be worthy to be done“值得做某事”。故填doing; to be done。

10．As is known to us all, failure usually results ________ laziness while diligence can result ________ success.

【答案】from；in

【解析】考查动词短语。句意：正如我们都知道的，失败是因为懒惰，而成功则由于勤奋。result from：起因于，由……造成。result in：导致，结果是。故填介词from；in。

二、完成句子

1. 多数学生觉得很难接受这个新理论。（majority）

____________________________________________________________________________.

【答案】The majority of students find it hard to accept the new theory

【解析】考查固定短语。表示“大多数……”：the majority of+n.；“接受”：accept；“发现……”：find+O.+OC.。故该句可翻译为：The majority of students find it hard to accept the new theory。

2. 大量的钱被花在学校建设上。(amount)

_________________________________is spent on the construction of school.

【答案】A large amount of money

【解析】考查固定短语。表示”许多的，大量的”：a large amount of/ large amounts of，该结构修饰不可数名词，且该结构作主语时，谓语的单数根据amount的单复而定。该句中的谓语is spent为单数。故填A large amount of money。

3．没人能对他的旷课做出解释。(account)

Nobody could___________________________________________________________.

【答案】account for his absence from school

【解析】考查固定短语。account for：“解释”，absence from school：“旷课”。故填account for his absence from school。

4．每天游泳对你的健康有好处。 ( good)

Swimming every day___________________________________________________________.

【答案】 is good for/ does good to your health.

【解析】考查固定短语。句子描述一般性情况，应用一般现在时；“对……有好处”：be good for/do good to；且动名词作主语时，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填 is good for/ does good to your health。

5．为了让我们能够享受幸福生活，我们的政府已经号召人们节约粮食和健康饮食。（call on）

Our government __________________________ and eat healthily so that we can enjoy a happy life.

【答案】has called on people to save food

【解析】考查固定短语。，call on sb. to do sth. 表示“号召某人做某事”，节约粮食为“save food”。分析语境可知，本空要用现在完成时，而主语是our government，单数，故填has called on people to save food。

三、阅读理解

Clearing Your Plate with Tech

Multiple actions have been taken to fight food waste, but one young man is making a big difference with technology.

Liu Jichen, 23, a student from Tsinghua University, has developed a WeChat mini- program called “Clear Your Plate”. After a meal, users can open the mini-program and take a picture of their empty plates. Once the image is recognized by the AI, students can collect points and use them to buy gifts or purchase charity meals donated to children in poor rural areas.

Liu and his team, together with other organizations, launched the “Clear Your Plate” campaign in November for the third year. It has swept over 1,017 universities across the country.

The one-month campaign attracted almost 1.6 million participants and collectively reduced food waste by 862 tons and carbon emissions by 3,337 tons, The China Youth Daily reported.

The idea to develop such a mini-program came from Liu's experience in a canteen. In 2017, he found that a restaurant would give diners who finished off their food a card and offer small gifts after a certain number of cards had been collected.

“Technological innovation is a good way to reduce food waste,” Liu thought. He organized a team of 20 members to work on the project at the end of 2017. To solve the AI’s problem of identifying photos of empty plates, the team spent half a year collecting over 100,000 samples in canteens and restaurants. In 2018, the mini-program was officially put into operation on Oct 16, World Food Day. They then launched a campaign later that year.

“There were so many unknowns in research and development. For our team members, the biggest psychological challenge was whether we were confident enough to complete it,” Liu said. They not only achieved their goal, but now, the mini-program has more than 5 million registered users, according to Liu.

Thanks to his innovative and practical actions concerning social issues, Liu, along with the other 16 members, stood out among more than 7,600 candidates around the world to be inducted into the 2020 Class of Young Leaders for the Sustainable Development Goals by the UN Office of the Secretary General’s Envoy on Youth in September.

“We hope our efforts can start a new trend among the younger generation by encouraging them to cherish their food and develop the habit of thrift,” Liu told China Daily.

“Through the campaign, we hope to inspire everyone to take action against food waste and to contribute Chinese wisdom and solutions to global food security challenges,” he added.

1．What can we learn about the “Clear Your Plate” mini-program?

A．It aims to put an end to waste and encourage thrift.

B．Its present registered users are mostly students.

C．It helped reduce food waste by 3,337 tons.

D．It is an exchange of good deeds for rewards.

2．What challenge did Liu Jichen and his team face?

A．They found it tough to promote the campaign.

B．They felt uncertain whether they could complete the project.

C．They lacked professional technical support.

D．They had difficulty gathering enough samples.

3．Which of the following best describes Liu Jichen?

A．Optimistic and demanding. B．Generous and responsible.

C．Talented and humorous. D．Creative and determined.

4．What does the article mainly talk about?

A．The influence of the “Clear Your Plate” mini-program across China.

B．A meaningful mini-program made by a group of young people.

C．The power of AI technology to fight food waste in China.

D．A response from young people to food security challenges.

【语篇导读】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了23岁的清华大学学生刘继晨带领团队开发了一款名为名为“清盘”的微信小程序，可以通过光盘行动来为帮助贫困农村儿童。介绍了他们开发这一程序背后的经过以及这次活动的积极意义。

【答案】

1．D细节理解题。根据第二段“Liu Jichen, 23, a student from Tsinghua University, has developed a WeChat mini- program called “Clear Your Plate”. After a meal, users can open the mini-program and take a picture of their empty plates. Once the image is recognized by the AI, students can collect points and use them to buy gifts or purchase charity meals donated to children in poor rural areas.( 23岁的刘继晨是清华大学的一名学生，他开发了一款名为微信的小程序，名为“清盘”。饭后，用户可以打开小程序，给自己的空盘子拍一张照片。一旦图像被人工智能识别出来，学生们就可以用这些积分来购买礼物或购买捐赠给贫困农村儿童的慈善餐)”可知，“清盘”小程序是一种用善行换取回报的行为。故选D项。

2．B细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中“For our team members, the biggest psychological challenge was whether we were confident enough to complete it(对于我们的团队成员来说，最大的心理挑战是我们是否有足够的信心去完成它)”可知，刘继晨和他的团队面临的挑战是他们不确定是否能完成这个项目。故选B项。

3．D推理判断题。根据第六段中“To solve the AI’s problem of identifying photos of empty plates, the team spent half a year collecting over 100,000 samples in canteens and restaurants. (为了解决人工智能识别空盘子照片的问题，该团队花了半年时间在餐厅和餐厅收集了超过10万个样本)”以及倒数第三段“Thanks to his innovative and practical actions concerning social issues, Liu, along with the other 16 members, stood out among more than 7,600 candidates around the world to be inducted into the 2020 Class of Young Leaders for the Sustainable Development Goals by the UN Office of the Secretary General’s Envoy on Youth in September.(由于他在社会问题上的创新和实际行动，刘和其他16名成员在全球7600多名候选人中脱颖而出，于9月被联合国秘书长青年特使办公室纳入2020年可持续发展目标青年领袖班)”可推知，刘继晨有创造力和决心。故选D项。

4．B主旨大意题。根据第二段“Liu Jichen, 23, a student from Tsinghua University, has developed a WeChat mini- program called “Clear Your Plate”. After a meal, users can open the mini-program and take a picture of their empty plates. Once the image is recognized by the AI, students can collect points and use them to buy gifts or purchase charity meals donated to children in poor rural areas.(23岁的刘继晨是清华大学的一名学生，他开发了一款名为微信的小程序，名为“清盘”。饭后，用户可以打开小程序，给自己的空盘子拍一张照片。一旦图像被人工智能识别出来，学生们就可以用这些积分来购买礼物或购买捐赠给贫困农村儿童的慈善餐)”以及第三段“Liu and his team, together with other organizations, launched the “Clear Your Plate” campaign in November for the third year. (去年11月，刘和他的团队与其他组织一起发起了“清盘”活动，这已经是第三年了)”结合文章主要介绍了23岁的清华大学学生刘继晨带领团队开发了一款名为名为“清盘”的微信小程序，可以通过光盘行动来为帮助贫困农村儿童。介绍了他们开发这一程序背后的经过以及这次活动的积极意义。可知，这篇文章主要讲了由一群年轻人制作的有意义的小程序。故选B项。

四、七选五

Four Ways to be More Environmentally Friendly Daily

Often, we may not find our lifestyle harmful to nature.   1．. Here are some of the tips to help you learn how to be environmentally friendly in your daily life.

Reevaluate Your current Lifestyle

Before you can begin your green living lifestyle, you will need to take a good look at what you currently do in your house.   2．. For each of them you evaluate, and create a list of possible changes you could make with regards to being environmentally friendly.

  3．

One of the easiest ways to help with your green living project is to limit your use of plastic. This includes not purchasing plastic water bottles and using a reusable one, a very easy change to make, as well as limiting your plastic bag use at the supermarket by bringing in your own reusable bags.

Reduce Products Full of Chemicals

Unfortunately, chemicals are in so many of the products we use. In some cases, we can get rid of the chemicals that affect us and the environment by making our own products. Therefore, cleaning supplies with a simple mixture of vinegar, water, lemon juice as well as some essential oils are all natural. It will still give you a great clean!   4．. You can limit the chemicals that enter your world, too.

Consider Your Carbon Footprint

You can lower your carbon footprint by focusing on a few environmental changes. Consider biking, walking, public transportation in place of your car whenever you can. Take shorter showers, use less electricity.   5．

A．Say no to plastic

B．Bring your own bags

C．Go through each room in your house

D．One that is also environmentally conscious

E.The things in our house may be friendly to the ecosystem

F.However, there are ways to make it better for the environment

G.These tricks also help reduce your bill, a win-win if you ask me

【语篇导读】

本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了四个日常更环保的生活方式。

【答案】

1．F上文“Often, we may not find our lifestyle harmful to nature.( 通常，我们可能不会发现我们的生活方式对自然有害)”说明我们不会注意到我们的生活方式伤害环境，下文“Here are some of the tips to help you learn how to be environmentally friendly in your daily life.( 以下是一些小贴士，可以帮助你在日常生活中学会环保。)”以及下文小标题可知，给出了一些日常环保的建议，因此推断空格处应是说明有一些方法会让我们更环保，因此推断F项“然而，有一些方法可以使它对环境更好。”与上文是转折关系，it指代上文提到的“our lifestyle”。故选F项。

2．C上文“Before you can begin your green living lifestyle, you will need to take a good look at what you currently do in your house.( 在你开始你的绿色生活方式之前，你需要好好看看你现在在你的房子里做了什么。)”说明要先看看你现在在你的房间里做了什么。C项中的“Go through”与上文的“take a good look at”呼应。因此推断C项“检查你房子里的每个房间”符合语境，呼应标题“Reevaluate Your current Lifestyle(重新评估你现在的生活)”，具体介绍做法。故选C项。

3．A空处是段落标题。根据下文“One of the easiest ways to help with your green living project is to limit your use of plastic.( 帮助你实现绿色生活项目最简单的方法之一就是限制塑料的使用。)”以及下文的详细介绍可知，本段建议限制塑料的使用。因此推断A项“拒绝塑料”为最佳标题。故选A项。

4．G上文“Therefore, cleaning supplies with a simple mixture of vinegar, water, lemon juice as well as some essential oils are all natural. It will still give you a great clean!( 因此，加入醋、水、柠檬汁以及一些精油的简单混合物的清洁用品是纯天然的。它仍旧会让清洗结果非很好)”说明我们可以使用纯天然的清洁用品，下文“You can limit the chemicals that enter your world, too.( 你也可以限制进入你的世界的化学物质。)”说明同时你也限制了化学物质进入你的世界，G项中的“win-win”呼应上下文。因此推断G项“这些技巧也有助于减少你的账单，如果你问我，这是双赢的”符合语境，“these tricks”指代上文讲述的使用天然清洁用品。故选G项。

5．D空处是最后一句，应是总结概况的句子，根据上文“You can lower your carbon footprint by focusing on a few environmental changes. Consider biking, walking, public transportation in place of your car whenever you can. Take shorter showers, use less electricity.( 你可以通过关注一些环境变化来降低你的碳足迹。你可以考虑尽可能地骑自行车、步行、乘坐公共交通来代替你的汽车。减少淋浴时间，少用电。)”可推断，要做一个环保的人，D项“一个有环保意识的人”符合语境。故选D项。

五、语法填词

“Green” is the keyword for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. Last year, the Beijing Organizing Committee for the 2022 Winter Olympics Games   1． (announce) a sustainability (可持续性) plan promising that the Games would be in line with the U.N.’s sustainable development goals to hold “green, inclusive, open and clean” events.

Zhangjiakou, a co-hosting city for the 2022 Beijing winter Olympics, is making   2． (prepare) for its green Olympics, promising to make the event as   3． (environment) sustainable as possible.

  4． (meet) the goal of a low-carbon Winter Olympic Games, Zhangjiakou has resorted to two approaches: constructing sustainable venues (举办场所) that can be used after the Games and   5． (make) use of renewable energy.

Considering the international standards for sustainability, all venues   6． (adjust) for post-Olympics use after the completion of the Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games. “This type of sustainable development effort will avoid leaving behind Olympics venues, letting them go to waste,” said Wang Yanxia,   7． member of the Beijing Organizing Committee.

Apart from making sustainable use of the Olympic venues, renewable energy is also playing an essential role   8． achieving a Green Olympics. To reduce energy consumption and the effect on the environment, Zhangjiakou has turned to   9． (it) rich natural resources. All the 2022 Winter Olympics venues will run on green energy,   10． will be the first time ever throughout the history of the Olympic Games.

【语篇导读】

本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是作为2022年北京冬奥会的联合主办城市，张家口正在为“绿色奥运”做准备，并承诺将使这一活动尽可能做到环境可持续发展。

【答案】

1．announced考查时态。句意：去年，北京2022年冬奥会组委会宣布了一项可持续发展计划，承诺本届奥运会将符合联合国的可持续发展目标，举办“绿色、包容、开放和清洁”的活动。空处为主句谓语动词，由“Last year”可知，句子时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式announced，故填announced。

2．preparations考查名词和固定短语。句意：作为2022年北京冬奥会的联合主办城市，张家口正在为“绿色奥运”做准备，并承诺将使这一活动尽可能做到环境可持续发展。make preparations for是固定短语，意为“为......做准备”，故填preparations。

3．environmentally考查副词。句意：作为2022年北京冬奥会的联合主办城市，张家口正在为“绿色奥运”做准备，并承诺将使这一活动尽可能做到环境可持续发展。空格处用副词修饰形容词“sustainable”，environment的副词是environmentally，意为“环境上”，故填environmentally。

4．To meet考查不定式。句意：为实现低碳冬奥会的目标，张家口采取了两种方式:一是建设赛后可使用的可持续场馆，二是利用可再生能源。由“the goal”可知，句子表示“为实现低碳冬奥会的目标”，空格处用不定式表目的，位于句首，首字母大写，故填To meet。

5．making考查动名词。句意：为实现低碳冬奥会的目标，张家口采取了两种方式:一是建设赛后可使用的可持续场馆，二是利用可再生能源。分析句子结构可知，and前后形式一致，空格处和“constructing”一致，因此空格处用动名词making，故填making。

6．will be adjusted考查时态和语态。句意：考虑到可持续发展的国际标准，所有场馆将在冬季奥运会和残奥会结束后进行调整，以适应奥运会后的使用。venues是被调整，由“after the completion of the Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games”可知，时态用一般将来时，因此空格处用一般将来时的被动语态，即will be adjusted，故填will be adjusted。

7．a考查冠词。句意：北京奥组委成员王艳霞表示:“这种可持续发展的努力将避免留下奥运场馆，让它们被浪费”。“member”是可数名词，表泛指，前面需加不定冠词，“member”是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。

8．in考查固定短语和介词。句意：除了可持续利用奥运场馆外，可再生能源在实现绿色奥运中也发挥着重要作用。play a role in是固定短语，意为“在......发挥作用”，因此空格处用介词in，故填in。

9．its考查物主代词。句意：为了减少能源消耗和对环境的影响，张家口转向了其丰富的自然资源。“rich natural resources”和“Zhangjiakou”是所属关系，因此空格处是“它的”，即its，是形容词性物主代词，作定语，修饰名词“rich natural resources”，故填its。

10．which考查定语从句的引导词。句意：2022年冬奥会所有场馆都将使用绿色能源，这在奥运会历史上还是第一次。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，主语是前面整个主句，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。