2022-2023学年江苏省淮安市淮海中学高二10月阶段考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年江苏省淮安市淮海中学高二10月阶段考试英语试题含解析，共29页。
 淮海中学2022—2023 学年度第一学期阶段考试
高二英语试卷
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How soon will the meeting begin?
A. In 40 minutes. B. In 30 minutes. C. In 20 minutes.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: It’s already six o’clock. The meeting will begin in ten minutes. How can we get there in time?
W: Don’t worry. I put the clock twenty minutes forward.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What sport is the girl doing lately?
A. Tennis. B. Football. C. Badminton.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: I’m training every day at the moment. I really want to get into the school badminton team. I’ve even given up playing tennis on Saturdays.
M: I’m sure you’ll succeed.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who is the man?
A. A salesman. B. A tailor. C. A hairdresser.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Would you like it short or long at the back?
W: Quite short.
M: And…uh…doesn’t it bother you having so much grey hair at your age?
W: No, I like it.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What did the woman think of her holiday?
A. Disappointing. B. Inspiring. C. Exciting.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: So, how was your holiday, Jane?
W: It didn’t live up to our expectations at all. Everyone had told us it was really an exciting place, but we found it rather boring.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the woman do this weekend?
A. Go to the man’s house. B. Go for a picnic. C. Go shopping.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: This is John speaking.
W: What is it, John?
M: We’ll have a picnic this weekend. I wonder if you can join us.
W: Let me see. I’ll call off going shopping this weekend. All right, I will.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. For what was the football match put off?
A. Some players. B. The weather. C. The playground.
7. What does the woman invite the man to do this evening?
A. Visit some football players.
B. Meet her Chinese friends.
C. Eat out with her.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Ted, are we still going to the football game this afternoon?
M: There’ll be showers this afternoon, so the football match has been put off till tomorrow.
W: Do you have any plans for this afternoon then?
M: No. I may just read about some football players at home.
W: I’ve arranged to go to a new Chinese restaurant downtown with a friend this evening. How about joining us?
M: Sure, I’d love to. I haven’t had Chinese food for weeks and I really miss it.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At a camping site. B. In a supermarket. C. On a plane.
9. What did the speakers forget to bring?
A. The frying pan. B. The plates. C. The cups.
【答案】8. A 9. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Now that we’ve put the tent up, let’s make something to drink. I’ll get the cups. They’re in the plastic bag in the back of the car, aren’t they?
M: No, that’s got the new frying pan in it. You’ve packed the cups in the box with the plates.
W: Oh, yes. Here they are. But I can’t see the plastic bag anywhere.
M: Oh dear, we’ve left it behind, so we can’t cook anything. Well, we can still have a cup of tea.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

10. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Writing a paper on museums.
B. Buying some works of art.
C. Arranging a weekend trip.
11. Which is the most famous art museum in the world?
A Musée d’Orsay.
B. Musée du Louvre.
C. Center Georges Pompidou.
12. How much should the woman pay?
A. $120. B. $200. C. $350.
【答案】10. C 11. B 12. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, I’m going to visit some galleries this weekend. Can you plan a route for me?
M: Of course. We can start from the national museum — Center Georges Pompidou, Paris. It is a contemporary (当代的) building.
W: OK! How long does it take to visit it?
M: About the whole morning. And in the afternoon, we will go to Musée d’Orsay, Paris. It is a museum which holds mainly French art dating from 1848 to 1915.
W: Good! So how about tomorrow?
M: Tomorrow we will go to Musée du Louvre, Paris.
W: Musée du Louvre, Paris? Oh, the famous one.
M: Yes. It is widely regarded as the most famous art museum in the world. It houses 35,000 works of art, including the Mona Lisa and the Venus de Milo.
W: Wow, a good plan. But how much will it cost?
M: Since you are an art student, you only need 120 dollars.
W: Oh, good. I’m looking forward to the visit. Thank you.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

13. When is Steve going out with Jennifer?
A. On Monday. B. On Saturday. C. On Friday.
14. Where is the movie theater?
A. On Pine Street. B. On 2nd Street. C. On 1st Street.
15. What time does the restaurant close on Sundays?
A. At 12:00 pm. B. At 11:30 pm. C. At 10:30 pm.
16. What does Steve ask about at last?
A. A church. B. A stadium. C. A flower shop.
【答案】13. B 14. A 15. A 16. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey, Jane. Do you happen to know where the movie theater is downtown? The one near the hospital.
W: Yeah. Why do you want to know, Steve?
M: Well, on Monday, I asked Jennifer out on a date for this coming Saturday night.
W: Wow. Sounds great. OK, write down these directions so you don’t get lost.
M: OK, go ahead.
W: First, drive down 1st Street going west, cross the river, and keep going straight until Pine Street.
M: Until Pine Street, right?
W: Right. The movie theater is the second building on the right. It’s next to the church.
M: Second building on the right. Got it. Now, can you recommend any nice restaurants?
W: Yeah. The Pink Flamingo serves excellent Spanish food. It’s open on weekdays from 10:30 in the morning to 11:30 at night, but it stays open until midnight on weekends.
M: OK, I think I’ve driven by there before. Oh, last thing. Where can I buy some flowers? We’re going out to celebrate Jennifer’s birthday.
W: Well, the one I know is in front of the stadium on 2nd Street.
M: Great. Thanks a lot.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17. What is the speaker?
A. An official. B. A reporter. C. A researcher.
18. How many pilots were surveyed?
A. 500. B. 300. C. 200.
19. What are the air rule changes proposed by the European governments?
A. Shortening the pilots’ night flying time.
B. Punishing the pilots sleeping during work.
C. Lengthening the working hours of the pilots.
20. How do most people find the changes?
A. Unscientific. B. Useless. C. Wise.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】M: This is the local daily news. More than half of British airline pilots say they have fallen asleep during flight, a survey said yesterday. According to BALPA, the British Airline Pilots’ Association, 300 out of 500 pilots surveyed admitted being asleep during work. And one third of these sleeping pilots said that they had woken up to find their co-pilot also asleep. Pilot exhaustion became the headlines and aroused public concern this week when a newspaper reported two pilots on a British flight fell asleep, leaving the full plane traveling automatically in the air. The survey came before the European governments decide on the air rule changes. The rule changes would mean that pilots could work a total of 110 hours in a two-week period, more than the 95-hour limit under the current regulations and at night pilots could be expected to fly for up to 11 hours, against a current 10-hour limit. Many people are worried about the changes. Tiredness is already a major challenge for pilots who are deeply concerned that the new EU rules will increase levels of tiredness, which is believed to be the leading cause for air accidents, beating mechanical faults and natural threats such as storms or fogs.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
If you are longing for a hike in Alaska and aren’t sure where to start, here are our favorites. There’s something for all levels of skills and ambitions.
The Kenai River Trail
A half mile down this trail are wonderful views of the Kenai River Canyon. There are really two trailheads (小道的起点); the main “upper” trail starts at mile 0.6 of Skilak Lake Rd, and the other at mile 2.3.
Turnagain Arm Trail
This 11-mile hike begins at Potter Trailhead (Mile 115). Initially used by Alaska Natives, the trail, can also be accessible to points along the way: McHugh Creek (Mile 112), Rainbow (Mile 108) and Windy (Mile 107).
Iditarod National Historic Trail
The National Historic Iditarod Trail is a 24-mile hike used by gold miners and sled-dog teams until 1918, when the Alaska Railroad was finished. It’s a two-to-three day hike through superb mountain scenery to Girdwood (where it’s known as the Crow Pass Trail), and is the region’s best backpack adventure.
Put up a tent at Echo Bend (Mile 3), or rent one of two yurts (毡房) ($65 per night) close by. For a shorter outing you can turn around at the Perch, then return to the Dew Mound Trail at Echo Bend and then to the Nature Center, making this a scenic 8-mile trip.
Reed Lakes Trail
Two alpine lakes, waterfalls, glaciers and towering granite (花岗岩) walls: the 7-to-9-mile Reed Lakes Trail is one of the most wonderful hikes in the region, and worth the climb. Once you reach upper Reed Lake, continue 1 mile to Bomber Glacier, where the ruin of a B-29 bomber lies in memorial to six men who died in a 1957 crash.
21. Which of the following was originally used by Alaska Natives?
A. The Kenai River Trail. B. Turnagain Arm Trail.
C. Iditarod National Historic Trail. D. Reed Lakes Trail.
22. At which place can hikers set up a tent?
A. Girdwood. B. Potter Trailhead. C. Echo Bend. D. Turnagain Arm.
23. What will visitors see at Bomber Glacier?
A. A memorial to six heroes. B. A tower made of granite.
C. The ruin of a B-29 bomber. D. One of the most gorgeous waterfalls.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些去阿拉斯加远足时所建议去的地方。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Turnagain Arm Trail中的“Initially used by Alaska Natives, the trail, can also be accessible to points along the way: McHugh Creek (Mile 112), Rainbow (Mile 108) and Windy (Mile 107). (这条小道最初由阿拉斯加原住民使用，沿途也可以到达以下地点：McHugh Creek(112英里)、Rainbow(108英里)和Windy(107英里)。)”可知，Turnagain Arm Trail最初是阿拉斯加原住民使用的。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Iditarod National Historic Trail中的“Put up a tent at Echo Bend (Mile 3), or rent one of two yurts (毡房) ($65 per night) close by. (在Echo Bend (3英里)搭个帐篷，或者在附近租一个毡房(每晚65美元)。)”可知，徒步旅行者可以在Echo Bend搭帐篷。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Reed Lakes Trail中的“Once you reach upper Reed Lake, continue 1 mile to Bomber Glacier, where the ruin of a B-29 bomber lies in memorial to six men who died in a 1957 crash. (到达里德湖上游后，继续走1英里到伯默尔冰川(Bomber Glacier)，那里停放着一架B-29轰炸机的残骸，以纪念在1957年坠机事故中遇难的6名男子。)”可知，游客们将在伯默冰川看到B-29轰炸机的残骸。故选C。
B
9 days after he was born, Zig Ziglar stopped breathing. Sadly, the doctor laid the lifeless body on the bed and then his grandmother held his body close and began whispering in his ear. Surprisingly, he came back to life in her arms.
He was 5 when his father died and 2 days later, his baby sister died too. He was raised the 10th out of 12 children by his widowed (寡妇的) mother during The Great Depression. At 7 he was already helping to support his family by selling their vegetables and milk. When he was 20, he married a woman called Jean. In order to support his new family, he quit school and sold pots and pans.
Life as a salesman was unpredictable and so for years, the couple struggled financially. Sometimes he could only afford a few gallons of gas, so wherever his car rolled to a stop was where he would start working door-to-door. But he maintained a positive attitude about everything.
Refusing to accept defeat, he began travelling to churches, schools and clubs, sharing lessons about the power of positive thinking. When the company he worked for broke up, he turned to full-time motivational speaking, helping countless people achieve their dreams.
By 1975 he had written See you at the top a book of his most inspiring thoughts and stories. It was rejected by 30 different publishers before it was finally printed. It has now sold more than
2 million copies worldwide.
Zig Ziglar passed away in 2012, two days after celebrating his 66th wedding anniversary. In his 30 books that have been translated into more than 36 languages, his optimism and enthusiasm have impacted more than 250 million people around the world and continues to inspire more every day.
24. How old was Zig Ziglar when he finished See you at the top?
A. 49. B. 46. C. 37. D. 66.
25. What can we learn about Zig Ziglar according to the text?
A. He wrote a book which was popular with publishers in the beginning.
B. He sold vegetables and milk to support his new family.
C. He grew up in a large family.
D. To earn a living, he would go to churches and schools to sell pots and pans.
26. What jobs has Zig Ziglar done throughout his life?
A. Writer, speechmaker and librarian.
B. Salesman, speechmaker and writer.
C. Salesman, writer and librarian.
D. Salesman, speechmaker and librarian.
27. Which of the following words can best describe Zig Ziglar?
A. Pitiful and positive. B. Fortunate and motivational.
C. Ambitious and hard-working. D. Energetic and generous.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。该篇人物传记主讲述了Zig Ziglar是国际知名的演说家、作家以及全美公认的销售大王，也是最能激励人心的大师。本文简要讲述了他传奇的一生。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句中的“When he was 20, he married a woman”（20岁时，他娶了一个叫琼的女人。）第五段第一句中的“By 1975 he had written See you at the top”（到1975年，他已经写了《回头见》）和最后一段第一句“Zig Ziglar passed away in 2012, two days after celebrating his 66th wedding anniversary.”（Zig-Ziglar在2012年庆祝66周年结婚纪念日两天后去世。）可知，Zig Ziglar是在他[(66+20-(2012-1975))=]49岁时写完See you at the top这本书的。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“He was raised the 10th out of 12 children by his widowed (寡妇的) mother”（ 在12个孩子中，他是由他丧偶的母亲抚养长大的，排名第10位）可知，他有很多兄弟姐妹。C项“He grew up in a large family.”（他在一个大家庭中长大的。）符合原文表述，故选C。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“Life as a salesman was unpredictable”（作为一名推销员的生活变幻莫测）和第四段最后一句中的“he turned to full-time motivational speaking”（他转而做全职的励志演讲）和第五段第一句中的“By 1975 he had written See you at the top”（到1975年，他已经写了《回头见》）可知，Zig Ziglar一生中做过推销员、演说家和作家。B项“Salesman, speechmaker and writer.”（推销员、演讲人和作家。）符合原文表述，故选B。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，Zig Ziglar出生时险些丧命且幼年丧父，但他在面对艰苦的生活时从未放弃，并始终保持着积极的态度。由此可推知，Zig Ziglar是一个可怜但乐观的人。A项“Pitiful and positive.”（可怜的和积极的。）故选A。
C
Scientists have figured out how COVID-19 causes many people to lose their sense of smell. And they have good news: The loss of their smell appears to be temporary because the actual cells in the nose that recognize smell aren’t harmed.
Temporary loss of smell is called anosmia by doctors. It’s one of the earliest and most commonly reported indicators of COVID-19. In fact, studies suggest it can better predict whether someone likely suffers from the disease than fever and cough.
But to be exact, why people with COVID-19 stop being able to smell was unclear. It was thought that damage or inflammation (炎症) of the sensory nerve cells that detect and send the sense of smell to the brain caused the problem. That turned out to be wrong.
In a paper published on Friday, researchers found that SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, attacks the cells that support those smell-detecting neurons (神经元) but not the neurons themselves.
“The novel coronavirus changes the sense of smell in patients not by directly infecting neurons but by affecting the function of those supporting cells,” said Sandeep Robert Datta, a professor at Harvard Medical School.
That’s good news because it means the infection isn’t likely to permanently damage COVID-19 patients’ smell nerves. “Once the infection disappears, smell neurons don’t appear to need to be replaced or rebuilt from scratch,” he said. “But we need more data and a better understanding of the hidden theory to confirm this conclusion.”
COVID-19 patients typically recover their sense of smell over the course of several weeks. In other infections caused by a virus patients can take months to regain their sense of smell.
28. Which can better predict the infection of COVID-19?
A. Loss of smell. B. Constant cough.
C. High fever. D. Temporary unconsciousness.
29. What is the new discovery published on Friday?
A. The novel coronavirus changes the sense of smell.
B. The virus that causes COVID-19 will kill smell nerves.
C. The virus of COVID-19 doesn’t attack those smell-detecting neurons.
D. The infection of COVID-19 permanently damages patients’ smell nerves.
30. Why does the author mention other virus infections in the last paragraph?
A. To share his or her relevant knowledge.
B. To prove shorter smell loss of COVID-19 patients.
C. To introduce the next hot topic about virus infection.
D. To conclude the bad results of different infections.
31. What of the following could be the best title for the text?
A. Patients living with COVID-19 will soon recover
B. COVID-19 is easy to predict by several symptoms
C. Will COVID-19 destroy your nerve system?
D. Will COVID-19 patients’ smell loss last long?
【答案】28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了科学家已经弄清楚了2019冠状病毒是如何导致许多人丧失嗅觉，科学家表明，这种嗅觉的丧失只是暂时的。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Temporary loss of smell is called anosmia by doctors. It’s one of the earliest and most commonly reported indicators of COVID-19. In fact, studies suggest it can better predict whether someone likely suffers from the disease than fever and cough.”(嗅觉暂时丧失被医生称为嗅觉缺失。这是最早也是最常见的2019冠状病毒疾病症状之一。事实上，研究表明，相比发烧和咳嗽，它能更好地预测某人是否患上这种疾病。)可知，嗅觉丧失能更好地预测某人是否感染上了2019冠状病毒，故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据第四段“In a paper published on Friday, researchers found that SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, attacks the cells that support those smell-detecting neurons (神经元) but not the neurons themselves.”(在上周五发表的一篇论文中，研究人员发现，SARS冠状病毒2型——引起2019冠状病毒疾病的病毒，攻击的是支持那些嗅觉神经元的细胞，而不是这些嗅觉神经元本身。)可知，2019冠状病毒不会攻击那些嗅觉神经元本身，故选C。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段“COVID-19 patients typically recover their sense of smell over the course of several weeks. In other infections caused by a virus patients can take months to regain their sense of smell.”(2019冠状病毒患者通常需要几周的时间才能恢复嗅觉。在其他由病毒引起的感染中，病人需要几个月的时间才能恢复嗅觉。)可知，在其他由病毒引起的感染中，病人需要几个月的时间才能恢复嗅觉。但是，2019冠状病毒患者恢复嗅觉的时间更短，通常需要几周就能会恢复。由此可知，作者此处提到其他其他病毒的感染是为了证明2019冠状病毒患者嗅觉丧失的时间更短，故选B。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Scientists have figured out how COVID-19 causes many people to lose their sense of smell. And they have good news: The loss of their smell appears to be temporary because the actual cells in the nose that recognize smell aren’t harmed.”(科学家们已经弄清楚了2019冠状病毒是如何导致许多人丧失嗅觉的。他们有好消息：嗅觉的丧失似乎是暂时的，因为鼻子里识别气味的实际细胞没有受到伤害。)可知，文章主要讲了科学家已经弄清楚了2019冠状病毒是如何导致许多人丧失嗅觉的，科学家表明，这种嗅觉的丧失只是暂时的。所以D选项“Will COVID-19 patients’ smell loss last long?”(2019冠状病毒病人的嗅觉丧失会持续很久吗？)最适合做文章标题，故选D。
D
Buying furniture is easier than ever. You can even order a new table and chairs online without ever leaving home. But did you ever think about how furniture is made? The process begins with trees but now researchers have found a better way: growing it in a lab instead of a forest. Instead of cutting down trees and adding to deforestation, Velasquez-Garcia said, “If you want a table, then you should just grow a table.”
The research group found a way to actually grow plant tissue (组织) — wood and fiber — in a lab that is similar to the way cultured meat is grown. While there is still a long way to go to actually grow a table, the team was able to grow structures from cells from zinnia leaves.
Making furniture and other items from biomaterials could eliminate cutting down trees in forests. “The way we get these materials hasn’t changed in centuries and is very inefficient,” said Velasquez-Garcia. “This is a real chance to avoid all that inefficiency.”
There are other benefits to using lab wood too. Lab grown wood can be handled to take on any shape — like 3 D printing — so it may be possible to build a table without glue or screwing parts together.
Beckwith, a mechanical engineering PhD student, was inspired by a visit to a farm to try to make land-use more efficient and environmentally sound. “That got me thinking: Can we be more strategic (战略上的) about what we’re getting out of our process? Can we get more yield for our inputs?” she told MIT News. “I wanted to find a more efficient way to use land and resources so that we could let more farmlands remain wild, or to remain lower production but allow for greater biodiversity.”
Today, the two largest uses of trees are to make wood products and paper. When new biomaterials become readily available, forests will lose their economic value and will be preserved for their environmental, health, and recreational value. These researchers, like Velasquez-Garcia, are speaking for the trees.
32. What does the author think of growing furniture according to Paragraph 1?
A. It turns out to be convenient.
B. It’ll cut down daily expense.
C. It might have a bright future.
D. It’s as important as making furniture.
33. What does the underlined word “eliminate” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Risk. B. Fancy. C. Remove. D. Delay.
34. What is the purpose of Beckwith’s growing furniture?
A. To make large profits.
B. To keep biodiversity.
C. To increase production.
D. To use wild resources.
35. What’s the key to protecting forests?
A. Wide use of new biomaterials.
B. Less use of wood products and paper.
C. Making effective forest laws.
D. Caring more for the environment.
【答案】32 C 33. C 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家发现在实验室中培育植物组织、木材和纤维的方法和这一发现可能产生的影响。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The process begins with trees but now researchers have found a better way: growing it in a lab instead of a forest. Instead of cutting down trees and adding to deforestation, Velasquez-Garcia said, “If you want a table, then you should just grow a table.”(这个过程从树木开始，但现在研究人员发现了一个更好的方法：在实验室里而不是在森林里生长。Velasquez-Garcia说：“如果你想要一张桌子，那么你应该自己种一张桌子。”)”可推知，作者认为种植家具更环保，是更好的选择，所以可能会有一个光明的未来。故选C项。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“The research group found a way to actually grow plant tissue (组织) — wood and fiber — in a lab that is similar to the way cultured meat is grown. (该研究小组发现了一种在实验室中培育植物组织、木材和纤维的方法，这与培育肉类的方法类似)”和第三段中“Making furniture and other items from biomaterials could eliminate cutting down trees in forests.(用生物材料制作家具和其他物品可以eliminate砍伐森林中的树木)”可知，科学家发现在实验室中培育植物组织、木材和纤维的方法。由此可知，用这种方法来制作家具和其他物品可以减少对森林的砍伐。由此推知，划线词eliminate与remove意思相近，指“去除，排除”。故选C项。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中Beckwith的话“I wanted to find a more efficient way to use land and resources so that we could let more farmlands remain wild, or to remain lower production but allow for greater biodiversity.(我想找到一种更有效的方式来利用土地和资源，这样我们就可以让更多的农田保持野生状态，或者保持低产量，但同时允许更大的生物多样性)”可知，Beckwith种植家具的目的是保持生物多样性。故选B项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“When new biomaterials become readily available, forests will lose their economic value and will be preserved for their environmental, health, and recreational value.(当新的生物材料变得唾手可得时，森林将失去其经济价值，并将因其环境、健康和娱乐价值而得到保护)”可推知，保护森林的关键是新型生物材料的广泛应用。故选A项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Stress can significantly affect your ability to keep a healthy weight. ___36___. Whether it’s the result of high levels of the stress hormone cortisol (荷尔蒙皮质醇), or unhealthy behavior related to stress, the link between stress and weight gain is obvious. But don’t worry. Here are a few skills to help you.
Make exercise priority (优先)
Exercising is a vital part of stress reduction and weight management. It can help you handle both issues at the same time. ___37___. Whether you go for a walk during your lunch break or hit the gym after work, include regular exercise into your routine.
Keep a food diary
___38___. A review of studies that examined the link between self-monitoring and weight loss found that those who kept a food diary were more likely to manage weight than those who didn’t. So whether you use an App to track your food intake or you write everything in a food diary, being more mindful of what you put in your mouth could improve your eating habits.
___39___
Whether you enjoy yoga or you find comfort in reading a good book, try adding simple stress relievers like taking a deep breath, listening to music, or going on a walk into your daily routine. Doing so can reduce your cortisol levels, helping you manage your weight.
Stick with the skills for a while. By doing so, it helps make these healthy behavior a habit and battle stress-related weight changes. ___40___.
A. It can also prevent you from losing weight
B. Decrease hormone cortisol in a right level
C. Apply stress-relief skills to your daily life
D. Remember: The early bird catches the worm
E. Paying attention to your eating habits can help you control your food consumption
F. So it’s necessary to work out to prevent stress-related weight gain
G. Persistence can make stress and weight fall by the wayside
【答案】36. A 37. F 38. E 39. C 40. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何控制因压力导致的不健康的体重。
【36题详解】
空前讲“Stress can significantly affect your ability to keep a healthy weight. (压力会显著影响你保持健康体重的能力。)” 可知此处说的是压力的不利影响。A项“它还会阻碍你减肥”承接上文，符合语境。故选A。
【37题详解】
空前讲“Exercising is a vital part of stress reduction and weight management. It can help you handle both issues at the same time. (锻炼对减轻压力和控制体重发挥着重要作用。它可以帮助你同时处理这两个问题)”以及空后讲“Whether you go for a walk during your lunch break or hit the gym after work, include regular exercise into your routine. (无论你在午休时散步，还是在下班后去健身房锻炼，把经常锻炼纳入你的日常生活。)”可知此处讲的是锻炼的必要性。 F项“所以，(通过)锻炼来阻止与压力相关的体重增加是有必要的”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
【38题详解】
空后讲“A review of studies that examined the link between self-monitoring and weight loss found that those who kept a food diary were more likely to manage weight than those who didn’t. (回顾自我监测和减肥之间联系的研究发现，那些记饮食日记的人比那些不记饮食日记的人更有可能控制体重。)”可知，要密切注意自己的饮食习惯和食物摄入量，E项“注意你的饮食习惯可以帮助你控制自己的食物消耗量”与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选E。
【39题详解】
空处是本段小标题，“Doing so can reduce your cortisol levels, helping you manage your weight. (这样做可以降低你的皮质醇水平，帮助你控制体重。)”可知本段介绍了一些简单的压力缓解方法。C项“在你的日常生活中运用减压技巧”统领本段，符合段落大意。故选C。
【40题详解】
空前讲“Stick with the skills for a while. By doing so, it helps make these healthy behavior a habit and battle stress-related weight changes. (坚持这些技能一段时间。这样做可以帮助(你)将这些健康的行为形成习惯，并减少压力带来的体重变化。)” 此处强调了坚持的重要性。G项“坚持可以让压力和体重大幅下降”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was getting more excited as we got off the train at beautiful Grand Central Station. After a tour at the Museum of Modern Art, we ____41____ Radio City Music Hall and the Christmas tree at Rockefeller Center. In one of the ____42____ in the area, I found a tiny boxed set of Peter Rabbit books, perfect for my ____43____. Was there anything like Christmas in New York? Having experienced an exciting and tiring tour, we called a ____44____ back to Grand Central Station.
On the way home I realized that my handbag was gone — lost or ____45____, I had no idea. All the magic of this special day ____46____. I glumly (闷闷不乐地) pictured a jam-packed Department of Motor Vehicles and all the phone calls that I’d have to make to get my ____47____ cards replaced with new ones. And I’d never ____48____ all those precious photos of my daughters.
The days slipped by while I got rides to college and ____49____ going to the DMV (车管所) at such a busy time of year. Then I got an unexpected ____50____, a box with the return address of Radio City Music Hall. ____51____, I opened it and shouted in a joyful ____52____.
There was my old handbag, with everything ____53____ good inside — license, cards and photos — and one thing that hadn’t been there ____54____, a handwritten note, saying, “I found this handbag lying under the seat of my taxi by ____55____. Merry Christmas!”
41. A. reached B. entered C. visited D. noticed
42. A. shops B. factories C. schools D. hospitals
43. A. sons B. daughters C. cousins D. parents
44. A. taxi B. car C. carriage D. bus
45. A. covered B. hidden C. forgotten D. stolen
46. A. arrived B. disappeared C. worked D. disturbed
47. A. dirty B. useful C. old D. small
48. A. shown B. encountered C. packed D. replaced
49. A. put off B. brought about C. relied on D. came round
50. A. fax B. document C. reward D. delivery
51. A. Disappointed B. Shocked C. Confused D. Frightened
52. A. voice B. word C. speed D. moment
53. A. gradually B. completely C. frequently D. originally
54. A. though B. yet C. ever D. before
55. A. comparison B. accident C. design D. nature
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. A 45. D 46. B 47. C 48. A 49. A 50. D 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者旅行时不小心丢失了自己的手提包，直到有一天出乎作者意料的是，作者收到了曾经坐过的出租车司机寄来的包裹，里面装的是作者的手提包和一张贺卡的故事。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在游览了现代艺术博物馆之后，我们参观了位于洛克菲勒中心的纽约无线电音乐城和圣诞树。A. reached到达；B. entered进入；C. visited参观；D. noticed注意到。根据“After a tour at the Museum of Modern Art”可知，作者在游览参观。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个地区的一家商场，我发现一套彼得兔书，很适合我的女儿。A. shops商场；B. factories工厂；C. schools学校；D. hospitals医院。根据“I found a tiny boxed set of Peter Rabbit books,”可知，作者发现一套适合女儿的书，应该在逛商场时。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个地区的一家商场，我发现一套彼得兔书，很适合我的女儿。A. sons儿子；B. daughters女儿；C. cousins表妹，堂兄；D. parents父母。根据“a tiny boxed set of Peter Rabbit books,”可知，作者发现一套彼得兔书，而这类书是女孩子喜欢的。且下文的“And I’d never 　　8　 all those precious photos of my daughters.”也是提示。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：体验了令人兴奋和疲倦的游览后，我们叫了一辆出租车回到了中央车站。A. taxi出租车；B. car小车；C. carriage马车；D. bus公交车。根据下文“I found this handbag lying under the seat of my taxi ”可知，作者和家人应该是叫了一辆出租车。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在回家的路上，我意识到我的手提包不见了——丢了或者被偷。A. covered覆盖；B. hidden隐藏；C. forgotten忘记；D. stolen偷。根据“my handbag was gone — lost or 5 ”可知，手提包不见了。作者推测有两种可能，丢了或者被偷。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这特殊一天的神奇魅力全部消失了。A. arrived到达；B. disappeared消失；C. worked工作；D. disturbed干扰。根据“my handbag was gone”可知，作者丢了东西，心情不好，因此游览带来的魅力就消失了。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我为了把丢失的旧卡换成新卡而不得不打所有的电话。A. dirty脏的；B. useful有用的；C. old旧的；D. small小的。根据“cards replaced with new ones”可知，新卡对应的是旧卡。故选C。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从未展示过女儿的珍贵照片。A. shown展示；B. encountered碰到，偶遇；C. packed打包；D. replaced代替。根据下句“those precious photos of my daughters.”可知，此处指游览时拍了很多照片，手提包不见了，意味着作者不能展示女儿的珍贵照片。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在一年如此繁忙的时候，我推迟了去车管所的计划。A. put off推迟；B. brought about引起，导致；C. relied on依靠；D. came round探访。根据“at such a busy time of year”可知，这是作者一年中最繁忙的时候，因此推迟去车管所的时间。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我收到一个没有料想到的快递，一个附有纽约无线电音乐城地址的盒子。A. fax传真；B. document文件；C. reward回报；D. delivery快递。根据“a box with the return address of Radio City Music Hall.”可知，作者收到一个快递。故选D。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到迷惑，打开后高兴地喊叫起来。A. Disappointed失望的；B. Shocked吃惊的；C. Confused迷惑的；D. Frightened害怕的。根据上句“Then I got an unexpected”可知，收到一个没有料想到的快递，当然感到迷惑。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感到迷惑，打开后高兴地喊叫起来。A. voice声音；B. word话语；C. speed速度；D. moment片刻。根据“I opened it and shouted in a joyful”可知，作者打开后以一种高兴的声音喊叫起来。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：是我的旧手提包，包里的所有东西都完好无损。A.gradually逐渐地；B.completely完全地；C.frequently频繁地；D. originally最初地。根据“with everything 13 good inside”可知，包里的东西完全在。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：包里还有一件以前没有的东西，一张手写的便条，上面写着“我偶然发现在我的出租车座位上放的手提包。圣诞快乐！”。A.though尽管；B. yet然而；C. ever曾经；D. before以前。根据“and one thing that hadn’t been there 14 , a handwritten note,”可知，这张纸条本是以前包里没有的东西。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：包里还有一件以前没有的东西，一张手写的便条，上面写着“我偶然发现在我的出租车座位上放的手提包。圣诞快乐！”A. comparison比较；B. accident事故；C. design设计；D. nature自然。by accident（偶然地）是固定搭配，结合语境，手提包是出租车司机偶然发现的。故选B。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
56. Your fingerprints differ from mine; that is, your fingerprints are not identical ______________mine. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】to
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：你的指纹和我的不同；也就是说，你的指纹和我的不一样。根据句意，be identical to与……完全相同，固定搭配。故填to。
57. With more tourists ______________(pour) in, a five-star hotel is under construction. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】pouring
【解析】
【详解】考查with的复合结构。句意：随着越来越多的游客涌入，一家五星级酒店正在建设中。分析句子可知，此处为with复合结构，动词pour与名词tourists之间构成主动关系，需用现在分词pouring作宾补。故填pouring。
58. The young journalist participated in many ______________(compete) in journalism and won many awards. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】competitions
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这位年轻记者参加了许多新闻比赛，并获得了许多奖项。作宾语，应用名词competition，由many修饰应用复数形式。故填competitions。
59. It has been confirmed that 4 people are dead and dozens of people are injured, 5 of _________ are in a critical condition. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whom
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：据证实，有4人死亡，数十人受伤，其中5人情况危急。根据句子可知，此处应填入非限制性定语从句的引导词，且代指前面的先行词 dozens of people，在从句中作宾语，故填whom。
60. Learning to think ______ (critical) is an important skill today's children will need for the future. （用所给单词适当形式填空）
【答案】critically
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：学会批判性思维是今天的孩子将来需要的一项重要技能。修饰动词think，要用副词作状语。故填critically。
61. His success was because of the fact __________ he had been working hard. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：他的成功是因为他一直努力工作。名词fact 后接同位语从句，解释说明名词fact。从句不缺少成分，且句意完整，故填that。
62. Tom was told that his teammate won the race while he ________ (treat) by the team doctor. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】was being treated
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：汤姆被告知，在队医治疗期间，他的队友赢得了比赛。根据句意可知，while引导的时间状语从句，从句为过去进行时，主语he与谓语treat为被动关系。所以本句为过去进行时的被动语态。故填was being treated。
63. It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they _________(do) for me. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had done
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：我花了很长时间才完全理解他们为我所做的一切。从句的动作发生主句过去动作之前，所以用过去完成时。根据句意，故填had done。
64. Experiments of this kind _________ (conduct) in both the US and Europe well before the Second World War.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had been conducted
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：早在第二次世界大战之前，美国和欧洲就已经进行了这类实验。根据时间状语before the Second World War且表示“过去发生的事情对于现在的影响”，则应用过去完成时，名词Experiments与动词conduct是“动宾关系”，应用被动语态。故填had been conducted。
65. ________ you know, in a football match, players try to kick or head the ball into the opposing team’s goal. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】As
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：如你所知，在足球比赛中，球员们试图将球踢进或顶进对方球队的球门。句型as you know表示“如你所知”，as引导非限制性定语从句。句首单词首字母要大写。故填As。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
66. 假定你是李华, 上周日你校举办了5公里越野赛跑活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道。内容包括：
1. 参加人员；2.跑步路线；从校门口到南山脚下；3. 活动反响。
越野赛A Cross-Country Running Race
注意：
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节，使文章内容连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Last Sunday witnessed an extraordinary cross-country running race, which nearly drew the attention of every student and teacher of our school.
The students selected from every class took part in the competition. The route measured five kilometers, from our school gate to the foot of Nanshan Mountain. Every runner tried their best to finish the task, with their classmates along the way giving them necessary help as well as encouragement. At last, all the runners managed to arrive at the finish line, receiving cheers from all the directions.
The activity was highly spoken of, because not only did it provide chance for us to exercise, but also made us more cohesive.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于新闻报道。要求考生为校英文报写一篇报道，报道上周日学校举办的5公里越野赛跑活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：take part in→ participate in
团结：cohesive→ united
比赛：competition→ match
到达：arrive at→ reach
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：At last, all the runners managed to arrive at the finish line, receiving cheers from all the directions.
拓展句：At last, all the runners managed to arrive at the finish line, where they received cheers from all the directions.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Every runner tried their best to finish the task, with their classmates along the way giving them necessary help as well as encouragement.（运用了with复合结构作伴随状语）
【高分句型2】The activity was highly spoken of, because not only did it provide chance for us to exercise, but also made us more cohesive.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句以及not only引导的部分倒装句）
第二节 (满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，割据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整短文。
“Surprise!” was the first thing I heard when I opened the door. My family and friends were all smiling at me. There were colorful balloons all over the house, a big poster saying "HAPPY BIRTHDAY'', and of course a cake with 12 candles. It was a wonderful feeling. I knew that I had finally turned twelve and I might possibly get the thing I wanted most.
I saw my mom and dad coming towards me with a small box which seemed to be a birthday present. When I opened the box, I couldn't believe my eyes. I had really gotten a mobile phone! Throwing myself into their arms, I let out a cry of joy, “Thank you! I love you guys!”
“You're welcome. We knew this was going to make you happy but we didn't only get you this because you turned twelve, but also because you are doing well in school. We expect you to keep getting good grades."
“Of course I will." I said confidently.
As soon as I got to school the next morning, I was showing off my phone and asking everyone for their number. It was cool how I got so many contacts on the first day.
It felt like I didn't even exist in that class anymore. I wouldn't pay much attention to the teachers because I was too busy on my phone. However, I didn't get caught using it.
I am pretty sure that the teacher did notice that I stopped paying attention to her because a week later we took a test and I failed. What was worse, my mom had to sign the test.
It was hard to show my mom the test. She was used to seeing A's and B's on my tests. Finally, I showed it to her, and she couldn't believe it. She was angry but most of all, she was disappointed.
注意：
1.续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2,续写部分分为两段，每段的开头已给出。
Paragraph 1:
Realizing the reason for my failure, my parents started to dislike the fact that I had a phone.
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Paragraph 2:
Then I started to wonder if I was wrong.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Realizing the reason for my failure, my parents started to dislike the fact that I had a phone. They said they had noticed that I never paid attention to them. It was like I had my own little world. So they thought we didn't communicate as much with my phone. They regretted having given me a phone, which made me ignore the family and study.

Then I started to wonder if I was wrong. A week later I tried going a whole day without a phone and it didn’t go that badly. I had so much fun because I was actually spending time with my family and paying attention to them. From that day, I had a different opinion towards phones. Phones really take you away from the rest of the world. I' m not saying that phones are bad and not to use them, but you do have to spare some time to spend with your family and not get stuck with your phone all day.

【解析】
【分析】本文讲述了作者生日时，因为他已经12岁，并且在学校表现非常出色，父母给他一部手机作为生日礼物，作者非常的开心。他在学校炫耀手机，记下同学们的电话号码并且在课上也只关注手机，背着老师玩手机，无心听课学习。考试了，成绩一塌糊涂，他拿着成绩单让妈妈签字，妈妈既生气又失望。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“意识到我失败的原因，我的父母开始不想要我有手机。”可知，第一段可描写作者的父母发现作者有手机之后的一些变化和感受。
②由第二段首句内容“我开始怀疑是不是我错了。”可知，第二段可描写作者反思自己的行为后，开始放下手机，做出改变。
2.续写线索：父母抱怨——我的反思——放下手机——关注交流——改变态度
3.词汇激活
行为类
①. 关注：pay attention to/focus on sth./be concerned about
②. 交流：communicate with sb./chat with sb./exchange ideas with
③. 改变：change one's mind/have a different opinion towards
情绪类
①. 抱怨：complain/say sth. angrily/make a complaint
②. 抱歉：feel sorry/regret/feel apologetic
【点睛】[高分句型1]. They said they had noticed that I never paid attention to them. （省略that的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. They regretted having given me a phone, which made me ignore the family and study.（关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型3]. I had so much fun because I was actually spending time with my family and paying attention to them.（because引导的原因状语从句）