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2022-2023学年江苏省南通市海安高级中学高二上学期第一次月考英语试题含解析
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这是一份2022-2023学年江苏省南通市海安高级中学高二上学期第一次月考英语试题含解析，共31页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年度高二年级阶段测试(二)
英语
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In the classroom.
2. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. To wait patiently. B. To talk outside. C. To watch a movie with her.
3. Where is Tom now?
A. At home. B. At the office. C. At school.
4. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Mary’s typing skills. B. Mary’s working hours. C. Mary’s annoyance at work.
5. What is the weather like now?
A. It is rainy. B. It is cloudy. C. It is sunny.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答6-7小题。
6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Seller and customer. B. Guide and tourist. C. Brother and sister.
7. How much will the woman pay?
A. $45. B.$60. C.$80.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What has the man been doing all morning?
A. He has been learning. B. He has been reading articles. C. He has been listening to the radio.
9 Which program does the man care about most?
A. Teaching. B. Music. C. Sports.
10. How does the man feel about the program?
A. Satisfied. B. Interested. C. Doubtful.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. How does the man feel now?
A. Delighted. B. Worried. C. Surprised.
12. Why does the man need to move?
A. The rent is high. B. He likes to live alone. C. His roommate has bad habits.
13.What are the speakers going to do this afternoon?
A. To look for a house. B. To have a party. C. To meet a friend.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14 What festival are the speakers talking about?
A. Mother’s Day. B. Easter. C. Halloween.
15. When does the woman usually visit her grandparents?
A. On Friday morning. B. On Saturday morning. C. On Saturday afternoon.
16. What is the woman’s favorite part of the festival?
A. Receiving presents. B. Going to church. C. Hunting for eggs.
17. What will the man probably do during the holiday?
A. Stay in the dormitory.
B. Hang out with other students.
C. Join the woman’s family for the festival.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What did others think of the speaker’s behavior at first?
A. It is normal. B. It is puzzling. C. It is unacceptable.
19. How did the speaker finish cleaning the cars?
A. By cooperating with his friends. B. By working with the car owners.
C. By attracting strangers to helping him.
20. What did the speaker get in the end?
A. The joy of helping others. B. A kind friend. C. A lot of money.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Residential College Writing Tutors
The Residential College Writing Tutors are currently working via email and Zoom. Sign up the way you always have (link is external)，and a confirmation email will explain how to access your tutor at the time of your appointment.
Residential College Writing Tutors work with Yale College undergraduates. See Graduate Writing Consultations if you are a graduate student needing assistance.
Preparing for Your Session
·Make an appointment (link is external) with your college’s Writing Tutor.
·Carefully read the confirmation email，as each tutor offers slightly different instructions about preparing for appointments.
What to Expect
Many tutors will read your paper in advance，although a few prefer that you do that work together. Either way，most sessions will start with the tutor asking you what you hope to accomplish, which might include questions about the assignment or a discussion of your experience writing similar papers. The tutor will then discuss the most important areas for revision. Tutors won’t tell you exactly what to do to fix your essay，but they will help you figure out strategies for revision and prompt you to take notes on the suggestions that arise. Often the most important changes involve the primary claims of the paper or the structure of your argument.
Writing Tutors can also help you with grammar and style, although not by proof reading your whole essay; instead, the two of you might edit a paragraph together, looking for suggestions that you can then incorporate into the rest of your paper.
lf you have worked with the same tutor before，there will be more time to discuss general trends in your writing，or to work quickly through basic concerns and move on to specific needs of the current paper. One benefit of the Residential College Writing Tutors is the opportunity to work over several years with someone who knows your writing well.
1. Who can make an appointment with Residential College Writing Tutors?
A. PhD students. B. Undergraduate students.
C. High school students. D. Graduate students.
2. What will Writing Tutors not do?
A. Proofread your whole essay. B. Help you with grammar and style.
C. Edit a paragraph with you together. D. Help you figure out strategies for revision.
3. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A textbook. B. A course plan.
C. A university website. D. An academic article.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要是为了向耶鲁大学本科生推荐写作导师，以及介绍写作导师在论文写作方面会如何帮助他们。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Residential College Writing Tutors work with Yale College undergraduates. See Graduate Writing Consultations if you are a graduate student needing assistance.（住宿学院写作导师为耶鲁大学本科生提供辅导。如果你是需要帮助的研究生，请参阅研究生写作咨询。）”可知，住宿学院写作导师是为本科生提供课程的。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“Writing Tutors can also help you with grammar and style, although not by proof reading your whole essay;（写作导师也可以在语法和风格上帮助你，尽管不是通过校对你的文章；）”可知，写作导师不会帮你通篇校对你的文章。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据整篇文章分析，通篇都在说写作导师对于本科生论文写作所提供的的帮助，以及对本科生论文写作方面的建议。所以短文来源于一所大学的网站。故选C项。
B
In the animal kingdom, killer whales (虎鲸) are social stars: they travel in varied family groups, care for grandchildren, and even imitate human speech. Now, scientists are adding one more behavior to the list: forming fast friendships. A new study shows killer whales can rival animals such as chimpanzees and macaques (a kind of monkey), and even humans when it comes to the kind of “social touch” that indicates strong bonds.
Some ocean animals maintain social structures — including male dolphins that learn the “names” of their close allies (盟友). But there is little data about wild killer whales. That’s where drone technology came in. Michael Weiss, a behavioral ecologist, teamed up with his colleagues to launch drones, flying them 30 to 120 meters above a group of killer whales. That was high enough not to trouble the whales, marking the first time drones have been used to study friendly physical contact in whales.
The researchers recorded over 800 instances of physical contact between individuals. Those included hugs, back-to-back and nose-to-nose touches between pairs of whales. Other whales playfully threw young whales into the air, letting them fall into the water. Besides, the drone images revealed clear preferences among individuals, usually for one “best friend” of the same sex and age. Take J49 and J51 — two distantly related young males aged 9 and 6 — for instance. “Every time you see a group of whales, those two are right there interacting with each other,” Weiss says.
The young led most of these interactions, rather than the older females or males. Older males in particular were less important. “The young individuals really seem to be the glue (胶水) holding the groups together,” Weiss says. As individuals age, this gradual loss of “centrality” is known in many social mammals, including humans. That finding is “especially appealing” to Stacey Tecot, who wasn’t involved in the study. “Scientists have long observed this social aging trend in animals, but there are still many unanswered questions,” she says. That’s certainly on the researchers’ radar. “We’re already gathering new data, with more advanced equipment,” says Weiss.
4. What does the underlined word “rival” in Paragraph l probably mean?
A. Benefit from. B. Be equal to.
C. Depend on. D. Be fond of.
5. What is new about Weiss’ research?
A. The research method. B. The variety of species.
C. The size of the research team. D. The time spent on the research.
6. What did Weiss find about J49 and J51?
A. They have a stable friendship.
B. Their interactions are more complicated.
C. Their communicating ways change frequently.
D. They prefer playing with young female whales.
7. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. More researchers will be involved in the study.
B. Other scientists take a negative attitude to the research.
C. Researchers will collect more data to study killer whales.
D. Researchers will uncover the social aging trend in animals soon.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了社交明星虎鲸的建立快速友谊的能力。行为生态学家迈克尔·韦斯（Michael Weiss）与同事合作发射无人机研究虎鲸的友好身体接触。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一自然段“Now, scientists are adding one more behavior to the list: forming fast friendships.”（现在，科学家们又给这个清单增加了一种行为：建立快速友谊。）可知，科学家们对于虎鲸的社交能力又有一项新的发现——建立快速友谊。所以可推知下文“A new study shows killer whales can rival animals such as chimpanzees and macaques (a kind of monkey), and even humans when it comes to the kind of “social touch” that indicates strong bonds.”（一项新的研究表明，虎鲸可以与黑猩猩和猕猴（猴子的一种）等动物，甚至人类rival，因为它们的“社交接触”表明它们之间有着牢固的联系。）是说虎鲸的建立快速友谊的能力可以与黑猩猩和猕猴等动物，甚至人类相匹敌。A. Benefit from.从……受益；B. Be equal to.与……相当；C. Depend on.依靠；D. Be fond of.喜爱。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二自然段“But there is little data about wild killer whales. That’s where drone technology came in. Michael Weiss, a behavioral ecologist, teamed up with his colleagues to launch drones, flying them 30 to 120 meters above a group of killer whales.”（但关于野生虎鲸的数据很少。这就是无人机技术的起源。行为生态学家迈克尔·韦斯（Michael Weiss）与同事合作发射无人驾驶飞机，在一群虎鲸上方30至120米处飞行。）可知，迈克尔·韦斯使用无人机进行研究，也就是说他的研究方法新颖。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三自然段“Take J49 and J51 — two distantly related young males aged 9 and 6 — for instance. “Every time you see a group of whales, those two are right there interacting with each other,” Weiss says.”（以J49和J51这两个9岁和6岁的远亲年轻雄性虎鲸为例。韦斯说：“每次你看到一群虎鲸时，它们就在那里相互交流。”）可知，J49和J51有稳定的友谊。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““Scientists have long observed this social aging trend in animals, but there are still many unanswered questions,” she says. That’s certainly on the researchers’ radar. “We’re already gathering new data, with more advanced equipment,” says Weiss.”（她说：“科学家们长期以来一直观察到动物的这种社会老龄化趋势，但仍有许多问题没有答案。”。这当然是研究人员关注的问题。Weiss说：“我们已经在用更先进的设备收集新数据。”）可知，研究人员将收集更多数据来研究虎鲸。故选C。
C
Generation Z is different. As a whole, Americans born between the late 1990s and early 2000s are less likely to have work or look for it: their labour- force-participation rate is 71%, compared with 75% for millennials (born between 1980 and the late 1990s) and 78% for Generation X (born in the decade or so to 1980) when each came of age. As a result, they make up a smaller share of the workforce. With graduation ceremonies behind them, the latest group of diploma-holders are entering the job market. What they want from employers is also not quite the same as in generations past.
Although Gen-Z employees felt more lonely and isolated than their older colleagues at the start of the pandemic, the ability to work remotely has brought new possibilities. The benefits go beyond working in your pyjamas. Many are taking calls from beach chairs and hammocks (吊床) in more comfortable places or fleeing big cities in search for cheaper or larger homes.
This has big implications. Industries with jobs that cannot be done from home are falling out of favour with recent graduates. A study by ManpowerGroup, an employment company, suggests an inverse relationship (反比关系) between talent shortages and flexible working policies. The sectors which are either less able to offer remote work or have been slower to embrace it- including construction, finance and manufacturing-have faced some of the biggest skills gaps for all types of job.
That in turn has accelerated a pre-existing trend of young employees trading Wall Street for Silicon Valley. Now technology bosses are more willing than their opposite numbers in finance to let employees work from home (or anywhere else). Annual rankings of employer desirability by Universum, a graduate-staffing consultancy, bear this out. In 2008 the list of best employers graded by American graduates was dominated by big banks and the Big Four consulting firms. By 2021 seven of the ten highest spots were occupied by tech and media giants.
8. What does the underlined word “diploma-holders" in the first paragraph refer to?
A. Employees. B. Students.
C. Graduates. D. Shareholders.
9. Why do Gen-Z employees prefer work remotely?
A. They want more holidays on the beach.
B. They love wearing pyjamas while working.
C. They want to work in a more flexible way.
D. They can’t afford the residents in big cities.
10. What does the study by ManpowerGroup suggest?
A. All walks of life are facing some of the biggest skills gaps.
B. Construction, finance and manufacturing can’t offer remote work.
C. Industries with flexible working policies may suffer talent shortages.
D. Industries with jobs that cannot be done from home are less popular.
11. Why does the author mention Wall Street and Silicon Valley?
A. To weigh up the pros and cons of the two industries.
B. To prove industries in technology are more appealing.
C. To predict the change of preference among employees.
D. To show Silicon Valley is a better place to settle down.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Z世代（也称为“互联网世代”，通常是指1995年至2009年出生的一代人）毕业生对就业需求的变化，他们更青睐能够让他们在家灵活办公的科技公司。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段划线词前半句“With graduation ceremonies behind them, (随着毕业典礼的结束，)”可知，随着毕业典礼的结束，最新一批文凭持有者正在进入就业市场。可以推出，diploma-holders指的是那些参加完毕业典礼，准备进入就业市场的毕业生。这与diploma-holder“毕业文凭持有者”的字面意思也相符。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Although Gen-Z employees felt more lonely and isolated than their older colleagues at the start of the pandemic, the ability to work remotely has brought new possibilities. The benefits go beyond working in your pyjamas. Many are taking calls from beach chairs and hammocks (吊床) in more comfortable places or fleeing big cities in search for cheaper or larger homes.(尽管在疫情开始时，Z世代的员工比年长的同事更感到孤独和孤立，但远程工作的能力带来了新的可能性。这样做的好处不仅仅是穿着睡衣工作。许多人在更舒适的地方坐在沙滩椅和吊床上接听电话，或者逃离大城市，寻找更便宜或更大的房子。)”可知，远程办公带来了很多新的可能性。其中的好处不仅仅是可以居家工作，许多人还可以在更闲适的地方处理工作电话，或者在大城市以外的地方找到更便宜或更宽敞的房子。这些都是一种更为灵活的工作方式。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“A study by ManpowerGroup, an employment company, suggests an inverse relationship (反比关系) between talent shortages and flexible working policies.(招聘公司ManpowerGroup的研究表明，人才短缺程度和就业政策的灵活性之间成反比关系。)”可推断，很难实现远程办公或者对远程办公接受较慢的行业，其各种岗位都或多或少存在着重大技能人才短缺的问题。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“That in turn has accelerated a pre-existing trend of young employees trading Wall Street for Silicon Valley. (这反过来又加速了年轻员工从华尔街转投硅谷的趋势。)”可知，上一段提到的人才短缺问题，反过来又加速了年轻求职者从美国金融中心华尔街转投高科技事业云集的硅谷的既有倾向。可见科技产业更加受欢迎。故选B。
D
Lisa Gautier receives nearly a dozen parcels of human hair every day. With her San-Francisco-based non-profit organization Matter of Trust,Gautier turns donated hair into mats used to soak up oil spills on land,and booms (long tubes)used for spills at sea.
A standard way to clean up oil from land is to use mats made from polypropylene(聚丙烯). But polypropylene is a non-biodegradable plastic,and producing it ultimately means more drilling for oil. Hair,by contrast, is an environmentally friendly resource that can soak up around five times its weight in oil,according to Matter of Trust,and it is abundant.
Oil spills can pollute drinking water, endanger public health,harm plants and wildlife,and damage the economy. According to Gautier,the spills that hit the headlines only make up 5% of global oil pollution.
Megan Murray,an environmental biologist at the University of Technology Sydney, develops sustainable technologies to tackle oil spills. Her research indicates that as well as being biodegradable,human hair is often just as effective as polypropylene,and in some circumstances even better. “The hair mats are very beneficial to land spills,”says Murray but adds that when raw oil is spilled on beach sand,it is very difficult to absorb it using any of the materials she has tested. Another advantage of hair is that it costs less than conventional materials and is “globally accessible as a recycled material,” she says.
However,Murray cautions that hair mats are not a perfect solution,because they are single-use,and can only be dealt with by burning or by burying into soil which then isn’t suitable for growing food. She is now researching methods to extract the oil from a used hair mat,meaning both can be reused.
As the hair mat designs aren’t under patent,other groups have begun producing their own mats and booms. Gautier is pleased to see the movement growing.“Anyone can make a hair mat,”she says. “It creates green jobs，it cleans water,it reduces waste in landfill, and it’s promoting renewable resources.”
12. What do we know about polypropylene according to the passage?
A. It is biodegradable.
B. It is environmentally friendly.
C. People need more oil to produce it.
D. People seldom use mats made from it to clean up oil from land.
13. What does Megan Murray think of the hair mats?
A. Hair mats do no harm to soil after being burnt.
B. The effect of hair mats on terrestrial(陆地上的)spills is not very good.
C. People spend more to make hair mats than conventional materials.
D. Hair mats are not a perfect solution because they can’t be recycled now.
14. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Most oil-spill events have received widespread media coverage.
B. Lisa Gautier donated her hair to soak up oil spills on land and at sea.
C. Megan Murray goes all out to make the hair mats and the oil extracted from them reused.
D. There are many other materials used to treat oil spills on beach sand besides hair.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. How to Tackle Oil Spills
B. A Perfect Recycled Material—Human Hair
C. Take Action to Make Hair Mats And Booms
D. Human Hair Is Being Used to Clean Up Oil Spills
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了在旧金山的一个非盈利组织收集头发来减轻石油泄露带来的影响，并发现用头发做成的发垫是一个很好的方案但却不是最完美的方案，他们正在尝试着使发垫能够被重复利用。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一二句“A standard way to clean up oil from land is to use mats made from polypropylene(聚丙烯). But polypropylene is a non-biodegradable plastic,and producing it ultimately means more drilling for oil.（清理陆地油污的一个标准方法是使用聚丙烯制成的垫子。但聚丙烯是一种不可生物降解的塑料，生产它最终意味着更多的石油钻探）”可知，生产聚丙烯需要更多的石油。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“However,Murray cautions that hair mats are not a perfect solution,because they are single-use,and can only be dealt with by burning or by burying into soil which then isn’t suitable for growing food. She is now researching methods to extract the oil from a used hair mat,meaning both can be reused.（然而，默里警告说，发垫不是完美的解决方案，因为它们是一次性使用的，只能通过焚烧或埋进不适合种植食物的土壤中来处理。她现在正在研究从用过的发垫中提取发油的方法，这意味着两者都可以重复使用。）”可知，发垫不是完美的完美的解决方案因为他们不能被立马回收。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“She is now researching methods to extract the oil from a used hair mat,meaning both can be reused.（她现在正在研究从用过的发垫中提取发油的方法，这意味着两者都可以重复使用。）”可知，Megan Murray正在尽全力的去研究能让发垫重复利用的方法。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章整体分析，文章全篇都在说人的头发对于清洁泄漏的石油的作用，它并不是一个完美的解决方案，Megan Murray正在尝试去优化这个方案。故选D项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What Are the Roots of Your Self-Esteem?
Self-esteem is a person's subjective assessment of his or her worth to himself or herself. Self- esteem covers various beliefs about oneself (such as 'Tm a failure" and "I'm beautiful") as well as physiological states, including sadness, joy, and shame. The more we believe that we are worthy of happiness and good things in life, the more self-fulfilled we will be. When we don't believe that we are worthy of these things, our ability to enjoy them can suffer. ____16____
Healthy self-esteem as an adult can be a gift given in your childhood. It is a blessing that most people overlook. There are so many ways adults with high self-esteem were supported as children that resulted in them having high self-esteem. For instance, they were praised for what they had achieved.
____17____They likely experienced affection and were given enough attention. It is also possible that they excelled in studies or in sports and were admired for it by peers.
____18____As children, many of these people were criticized, yelled at, or abused in one way or another. There is also a high chance that they were given no attention by the adults who were supposed to care for them. In some cases, adults with poor self-esteem were often ridiculed for their shortcomings or bullied by peers.
It is common that these adults also believe that in order to be appreciated they need to be perfect.
____19____There are people who are obsessed with their careers or hobbies because in their mind they need to tie their worthiness to something concrete. Oftentimes these people have to pretend to be something they are not just to get approval.
How you feel about yourself impacts how you live your life. People with high self-esteem tend to have better relationships than those with low self-esteem. ____20____ So if you struggle to reach out for assistance, it could be rooted in your low self-esteem.
A. There is also a good chance that they were spoken to respectfully.
B. When we start to doubt what's important in life, we tend to do less of it.
C. Since self-esteem is connected to how we perform, it is important to work on it.
D. People with poor self-esteem on the other hand, often experienced the opposite.
E. This creates an image in their mind that without accomplishment they are worthless.
F. They face failure too, but they understand that failure or success doesn't define them.
G. High self-esteem enables you to ask for help and support from the people around you when you need it.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。自尊是一个人对自己价值的主观评价。自尊包括对自己的各种信念和生理状态。文章对高自尊和低自尊的人进行了对比和说明。
【16题详解】
根据前文“When we don't believe that we are worthy of these things, our ability to enjoy them can suffer. (当我们不相信自己值得拥有这些东西时，我们享受它们的能力就会受到伤害)”可知，此处是指当我们对人生和自己产生怀疑时，就会有不好的影响。所以选项B. When we start to doubt what's important in life, we tend to do less of it. (当我们开始怀疑生活中重要的东西，我们往往会对此做得更少)切合文意，且和前文句式相同。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据后文“They likely experienced affection and were given enough attention. It is also possible that they excelled in studies or in sports and were admired for it by peers. (他们可能经历了感情，并得到了足够的关注。也有可能他们在学习或体育方面表现优异，并因此受到同龄人的崇拜)”可知，此处是指他们被怀有敬意地对待，所以选项A. There is also a good chance that they were spoken to respectfully. (也有一个很好的机会让人们向他们尊敬地说话)切合文意。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据后文“In some cases, adults with poor self-esteem were often ridiculed for their shortcomings or bullied by peers. (在某些情况下，缺乏自尊的成年人经常因为自己的缺点而被嘲笑或被同龄人欺负)”可知，此处是讲缺乏自尊的人往往不被尊重，所以选项D. People with poor self-esteem, on the other hand, often experienced the opposite. (另一方面，缺乏自尊的人所经历的往往恰恰相反)切合文意。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据前文“It is common that these adults also believe that in order to be appreciated they need to be perfect. (这些成年人也普遍认为，为了被欣赏，他们需要变得完美)”可知，选项E中的this是指人们认为为了被欣赏他们需要变得完美，根据后文“There are people who are obsessed with their careers or hobbies because in their mind they need to tie their worthiness to something concrete. (有些人痴迷于自己的事业或爱好，因为在他们的脑海中，他们需要把自己的价值与具体的东西联系起来)”可知，有些人往往把自己的价值和成就联系在一起，所以选项E. This creates an image in their mind that without accomplishment they are worthless. (这在他们的脑海中造成了一种形象，没有成就，他们是毫无价值的)切合文意。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据后文“So if you struggle to reach out for assistance, it could be rooted in your low self-esteem. (所以如果你挣扎着去寻求帮助，那可能是因为你的自卑)”可知，自尊心高的人不会纠结于是否要寻求帮助，所以选项G. High self-esteem enables you to ask for help and support from the people around you when you need it. (高自尊能让你在需要的时候向周围的人寻求帮助和支持)切合文意。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用 (共三节，满分30分)
第一节 完型填空 (共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选择中，选出最佳选项。
Tackling behavioral problems at school is not easy, but Dr. Terrance Newton is doing that with a ____21____ effective solution.
In his first year as principal of Warner Elementary School, Newton has already seen a ____22____ change in his at-risk students. All it took was a few quality ____23____ and a pair of clippers.
Newton saw the ____24____ as soon as he started at the school. Bullying was ____25____ and students were constantly being ____26____. He believed the best way to solve this was to build positive relationships with students. So, he ____27____ to set up a barbershop at school. Having cut hair before, Newton ____28____ the barbershop could be a safe space for students to ____29____. And he was right- not only has he bonded with former _____30_____, but suspensions have dropped from 103 to 4 in the last year! Even better, bullying has all but stopped.
Kamisha Collins has seen the _____31_____ in her 11-year-old son, Brandon Ponzo. “In the beginning of the school year, my son started off really _____32_____ and was not getting along with Dr. Newton, but now they have built this _____33_____-he loves him very much,” Collins said.“Dr. Newton says positive things to them while cutting their hair. And my son’s behavior and grades have improved so much.”
What a brilliant idea not to mention a _____34_____ leader! A little love and care can make a big impact on _____35_____ kids.
21. A. suddenly B. similarly C. surprisingly D. hardly
22. A. great B. slight C. harmful D. risky
23. A. haircuts B. conversations C. performances D. services
24. A. fear B. problem C. project D. reason
25. A. out of place B. under control. C. under discussion D. out of hand
26. A. suspended B. criticized C. praised D. protected
27. A. decided B. preferred C. learned D. afforded
28. A. promised B. admitted C. rejected D. figured
29. A. calm down B. open up C. show up D. break down
30. A. classmates B. colleagues C. housekeepers D. troublemakers
31. A. increase B. encouragement C. difference D. difficulty
32. A. rough B. pleasant C. easy D. mild
33. A. barrier B. barbershop C. reputation D. bond
34. A. strict B. brave C. fantastic D. modest
35. A. appealing B. disappointing C. struggling D. lying
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了解决学校里的行为问题并不容易，但特伦斯·牛顿博士正在用一种惊人有效的方法解决这个问题。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：解决学校里的行为问题并不容易，但特伦斯·牛顿博士正在用一种惊人有效的方法解决这个问题。A. suddenly突然地；B. similarly相似地；C. surprisingly惊人地；D. hardly几乎不。根据上文“Tackling behavioral problems at school is not easy”说明解决问题不容易，以及此处的but转折故可推知，此处为但特伦斯·牛顿博士正在用一种惊人有效的方法解决这个问题。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在担任华纳小学校长的第一年，牛顿就已经看到了他那些有危险的学生的巨大变化。A. great巨大的；B. slight轻的；C. harmful有害的；D. risky冒险的。根据上文所说牛顿博士正在用一种惊人有效的方法解决这个问题，以及此处“change in his at-risk students”变化在危险学生上，故可推知，此处为看到学生巨大的变化。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：只需要几次高质量的谈话和一把剪刀。A. haircuts理发；B. conversations谈话；C. performances表演；D. services服务。根据下文“Newton says positive things to them while cutting their hair.”可知，此处为只需要几次高质量的谈话和一把剪刀。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：牛顿一到这所学校就发现了这个问题。A. fear害怕；B. problem问题；C. project项目；D. reason理由。根据下文“Bullying was ____5____ and students were constantly being.”可知，此处为牛顿一到这所学校就发现了这个问题。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：欺凌行为无法控制，学生经常被停学。A. out of place不在适当的位置；B. under control在控制下；C. under discussion在讨论中；D. out of hand失控。根据“but suspensions have dropped from 103 to 4 in the last year!”可知，在采取措施前欺凌已经无法控制。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：欺凌行为无法控制，学生经常被停学。A. suspended暂令停学；B. criticized批评；C. praised赞扬；D. protected保护。根据上文所说欺凌行为无法控制，故可推知，此处为学生经常被停学。且下文的“but suspensions have dropped from 103 to 4 in the last year!”也是提示。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，他决定在学校开一家理发店。A. decided决定；B. preferred更喜爱；C. learned学习；D. afforded提供。根据下文“Having cut hair before”之前剪过头发，故可推知，此处为他决定在学校开一家理发店。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：牛顿以前剪过头发，他认为理发店可以成为学生开放的安全空间。A. promised承诺；B. admitted承认；C. rejected拒绝；D. figured认为。根据“Having cut hair before”之前剪过头发以及下文“the barbershop could be a safe space for students to ____9____.”故可推知，此处为他认为理发店可以成为学生开放的安全空间。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：牛顿以前剪过头发，他认为理发店可以成为学生开放的安全空间。A. calm down冷静下来；B. open up打开，开发；C. show up出现；D. break down打破，坏掉。 根据上文所说欺凌行为无法控制推知，此处为他认为理发店可以成为学生开放的安全空间。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是对的——他不仅和以前的麻烦制造者建立了良好的关系，而且去年被停学的次数从103次降到了4次！A. classmates同学；B. colleagues同事；C. housekeepers管家；D. troublemakers麻烦制造者。根据上文所说欺凌行为以及“but suspensions have dropped…”可知，此处为他不仅和以前的麻烦制造者建立了良好的关系，而且去年被停学的次数从103次降到了4次！故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：卡米沙·柯林斯(Kamisha Collins)看到了她11岁儿子布兰登·庞佐(Brandon Ponzo)身上的变化。A. increase增加；B. encouragement鼓励；C. difference不同，变化；D. difficulty困难。根据下文“In the beginning of…”以及“but now they…”可知，此处为开始到现在的转变。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“在新学年开始的时候，我的儿子开始的时候非常不顺，他和牛顿博士相处得很不好，但现在他们建立了这种关系——他非常爱他，”柯林斯说。A. rough困难的；B. pleasant高兴的；C. easy简单的；D. mild温和的。根据and连接的“and was not getting along with Dr. Newton”可知，此处为在新学年开始的时候，斯克林儿子开始的时候非常不顺，他和牛顿博士相处得很不好。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“在新学年开始的时候，我的儿子开始的时候非常不顺，他和牛顿博士相处得很不好，但现在他们建立了这种关系——他非常爱他，”柯林斯说。A. barrier屏障；B. barbershop理发店；C. reputation名誉；D. bond联系，关系。根据“he loves him very much,”可知，此处为但现在他们建立了这种关系——他非常爱他。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多么聪明的想法，更不要说他是一个了不起的领导了！A. strict严厉的；B. brave勇敢的；C. fantastic了不起的；D. modest谦逊的。根据“What a brilliant idea”以及根据全文内容可知，这是对Dr. Terrance Newton赞扬。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一点点的爱和关心会对挣扎中的孩子产生很大的影响。A. appealing吸引人的；B. disappointing令人失望的；C. struggling苦苦挣扎的；D. lying撒谎的。结合全文内容可知，爱和关心会对“苦苦挣扎的(struggling)”学生，即上文提到的制造麻烦的学生，产生大大的影响。故选C项。
第二节 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In Chinese art history, Qi Baishi ranks ____36____ a towering figure. His unusual and playful style opened up a new vista in the imagery of traditional Chinese painting, and has left a rich legacy still widely ____37____ (recognize) in modern society.
Lifelike shrimps play a key role in Qi’s vast body of visual artworks. The “shrimps” are so popular ____38____ they have become synonymous with the painter himself. Unlike his predecessors, Qi Baishi painted shrimps in an impressionistic style with swift and definite brush strokes. He used different shades of ink ____39____ (model) the shrimp’s torso (躯干) and head. These shrimps are not just passive subject matter; rather they are asserting their presence.
Qi was an all-round artist. Born to a family of farmers in Hunan in 1864, he learned carpentry in his teens, and later taught ____40____ (he) the arts of painting, poetry, calligraphy and seal cutting. The years spent in rural areas ____41____ (sow) in him a deep-rooted love of nature. During his youth, he traveled around the country to seek ____42____ (inspire) from nature while ____43____ (enthusiastic) studying the masterpieces of early Chinese painters. Qi settled in Beijing in 1919 and soon achieved wide fame in the Chinese capital. Qi Baishi opened ____44____ new window for the fine art world. He ______45______ (name) the “People’s Painter” and awarded the title of “People’s Artist” by China’s Ministry of Culture.
【答案】36. as 37. recognized
38. that 39. to model
40. himself
41. sowed 42. inspiration
43. enthusiastically
44. a 45. was named
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了中国著名画家齐白石。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：在中国美术史上，齐白石是一位举足轻重的人物。固定搭配rank as“被列为”。故填as。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他独特而俏皮的画风开辟了中国传统绘画意象的新视野，留下了丰富的遗产，至今仍为现代社会所广泛认可。此处修饰a rich legacy，与recognize是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填recognized。
【38题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：这些“虾”是如此受欢迎，以至于它们已经成为画家本人的同义词。分析句子结构可知，此处是so...that句型，that引导结果状语从句。故填that。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他用不同色调的墨水来展示虾的躯干和头部。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to model。
【40题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：他于1864年出生于湖南的一个农民家庭，十几岁时学习木工，后来自学绘画、诗歌、书法和篆刻艺术。此处表示“他（齐白石）自学”，应用反身代词。故填himself。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在农村生活的岁月在他心中播下了对自然根深蒂固的热爱。此处陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填sowed。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：年轻时，他游历全国各地，在大自然中寻找灵感，同时热情地研究中国早期画家的杰作。此处作seek的宾语，应用名词inspiration，不可数。故填inspiration。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：年轻时，他游历全国各地，在大自然中寻找灵感，同时热情地研究中国早期画家的杰作。此处修饰动词studying，应用副词，作状语。故填enthusiastically。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：齐白石为美术界打开了一扇新的窗口。此处泛指“一扇新的窗口”，应用不定冠词，new是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。
【45题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：他被中国文化部命名为“人民画家”并授予“人民艺术家”称号。name与主语是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，句子陈述的事情已经发生，应用一般过去时。故填was named。
第三节 单词填空 (共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分)
46. We all had the ambition and confidence to win the first prize, ________(沐浴) in the warm sunshine.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】bathed
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：沐浴在温暖的阳光下，我们都有获得一等奖的决心和信心。短语： be bathed in light/sunshine etc. “沐浴在光线/阳光等之中”，此处省略be，用过去分词作状语。故填bathed。
47. Such warnings demand that we need to make sure that we will not fall_________(受伤) to AI. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】victim
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这些警告要求我们必须确保我们不会成为人工智能的受害者。空处在句中作宾语，所以用名词，victim“受害者”为名词，切题，故填victim。
48. News reports written at different stages of an event could contain different information as new facts are brought to________(揭露). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】light
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在一个事件的不同阶段所写的新闻报道，随着新事实的曝光，可能包含不同的信息。bring to light表示“揭露；发现”，故填light。
49. Though journalists are________(致力) to presenting the truth, it is better to use our own judgment than rely on news reports. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】committed
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：虽然记者们致力于报道真相，但与其依赖新闻报道，不如用自己的判断。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词committed“尽心尽力的，忠诚的”，作表语，构成固定短语be committed to“致力于”。故填committed。
50. Facial expressions often vary, which makes facial ________(识别) less effective. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】recognition
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：面部表情经常变化，这使得人脸识别效果较差。句子分析可知设空处在从句中做宾语，名词recognition意为“识别，认出，认识”符合句意，recognition意为“识别，认出，认识”时是不可数名词。故填recognition。
51. Apply some medicine to the burnt area, which can ________(感染) lead to some health problems. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】infectiously
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：在烧伤的地方涂点药，这可能会传染导致一些健康问题。根据汉语提示及所给句子可知，此处应使用副词infectiously“传染地”，修饰动词lead，作状语。故填infectiously。
52. The majority of the students are not good at chemistry, especially at ________(有机) chemistry. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】organic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：大多数学生不擅长化学，尤其是有机化学。分析句子可知，名词chemistry（化学）前需使用形容词作定语进行修饰。根据汉语提示，故填organic。
53. One day soon we will be able to use genome editing to increase the human__________(抵抗) to colds and flus. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】resistance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词作宾语。句意：不久的将来，我们将能够使用基因组编辑来提高人类对感冒和流感的抵抗力。结合句意可知此处用名词resistance “抵抗力”，构成名词词组human resistance to colds and flus“人类对感冒和流感的抵抗力”作increase的宾语。故填resistance。
54. When a boxer is losing badly, the coach will throw a towel into the ring to end the fight _______(真正) (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】literally
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：当拳击手输得很惨时，教练会把毛巾扔进拳击场，以真正结束比赛。设空处在句中作“end the fight”的状语，应为副词；副词literally意为“真正地，确实地（强调事实可能令人惊讶）”符合句意。故填literally。
55. All this technology does not come at the ________(牺牲) of fashion. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】expense##cost
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：所有这些技术都不会以牺牲时尚为代价。根据句意和汉语提示，应使用名词expense或者cost构成介词短语at the expense/cost of...，表示“以……为代价”。故填expense或cost。
第四部分 写作 (共两节;满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
56. 假定你是李华，你的好朋友Jim是高三学生。在最近的一次来信中Jim提到因为书写不够美观、整洁，在多次英语考试中他的作文得分都不理想，这是他目前最大的困扰。
请你给Jim回信并针对他的问题提出建议。内容包括：
1.理解和安慰；
2.你的建议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jim,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Hearing your upset about your English handwriting which has posed an influence on your writing scores, I feel deeply concerned. Don’t be too worried, for it is common among your peers.
I have a deep understanding of your trouble. From my point of view, the situation might be caused by inadequate practice and incorrect methods of practice. Here are my suggestions. Initially, it is essential that you practise strokes and letters while watching a demo video or with a copybook. Then, you can arrange a fixed period every day for further practice. Finally, put it into practice in the tests and make adjustments when necessary.
Take action now and I believe I will witness your gradual progress and final success.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定你是李华，你的好朋友Jim是高三学生。在最近的一次来信中Jim提到因为书写不够美观、整洁，在多次英语考试中他的作文得分都不理想，这是他目前最大的困扰。请你给Jim回信并针对他的问题提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
不足的：inadequate→deficient
困难：trouble→difficulty
非常重要的：essential→allimportant
建议：suggestion→advice
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Then, you can arrange a fixed period every day for further practice.
拓展句：Then, you can arrange a fixed period every day, which is used for further practice.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Hearing your upset about your English handwriting which has posed an influence on your writing scores, I feel deeply concerned. (运用了现在分词作状语和which引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Initially, it is essential that you practise strokes and letters while watching a demo video or with a copybook. (运用了it作形式主语和that引导的主语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Once upon a time, there was a village where lived a wealthy man named Rama. He was always ready to help the poor and needy. His act of kindness made him so popular that villagers thought of him as the head of the village. And he was overjoyed at villagers’ love for him.
Rama was a well-known businessman who dealt in the export of agricultural products. One year, there was no rain so the whole village was under drought conditions. There was a lack of food and water everywhere. Villagers were dying of hunger. Therefore, they reached out to Rama for help.
Rama, in spite of having a huge loss in business, chose to help the villagers out generously. He started giving out food for free. Every day he would give a part of his wealth and grains to the needy. Soon, Rama ran out of money and food as he gave all his wealth to the needy villagers. Rama tried hard to manage his business, but he failed. Finally, he was left with nothing.
Rama had to live in a rented house. He looked for a job but no one was ready to offer him one because they were in fear of losing their wealth because of his kind nature. After a few days, he left with no money, so he had to leave his rented house. Rama was now homeless. He and his wife decided to leave the village.
Rama and his wife set off for another village. After walking for a while, both were tired so they decided to take a rest under a tree, and after that, they would move further. They ate whatever they had with them and slept under the tree. They were so tired that they slept the whole day and when they woke up it was dark. They started seeking shelter. Soon they saw a luxury mansion（公馆）and went there for help.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
They knocked and a man opened the door.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When he heard his words of gratitude, Rama’s eyes were filled with tears.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】They knocked and a man opened the door. The moment he saw them, he greeted them with joy. He took them inside and offered them food to eat. Rama was surprised and asked why. The man said, “Years ago, I was dying of hunger when you helped me out. Not only did you give me food, but you also gave me money to restart my business. I can never thank you enough and I am so glad that I am able to repay your generosity today.”
When he heard his words of gratitude, Rama’s eyes were filled with tears. He told that man even though he changed from a wealthy man to a homeless person, never did he regret what he had done. The man asked him not to worry and promised to help. With his generous aid, Rama was able to recreate his business. Slowly and steadily, he became rich again. In spite of so many ups and downs, Rama didn’t forget his social responsibility and he started helping the needy again.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个名叫拉玛的富人总是乐于帮助他人。有一年，天气干旱，农民们缺水少食。尽管拉玛在生意上损失惨重，但还是选择慷慨地帮助村民直至自己一无所有。拉玛和妻子离开村子去寻找避难所。他们看到了一座豪华公馆去那里求助，被自己曾经帮过的人帮助的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“他们敲门，一个人打开了门。”可知，第一段可描写拉玛获得了帮助，且帮助者就是曾经自己的帮助对象。
②由第二段首句内容“当他听到自己的感激之词时，拉玛的眼里充满了泪水。”可知，第二段可描写拉玛在他的慷慨帮助下得以重建他的生意。慢慢地，他又变得富有了，并继续帮助他人。
2.续写线索：问候——给食物——感谢——回馈帮助——变得富有——继续助人
3.词汇激活
行为类
①提供：offer/give/provide
②.回报：repay /pay back
③.感谢：thank /appreciate/ show gratitude/be grateful
情绪类
①.高兴：joy /delight/happiness
②.惊讶：surprise /astonished
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. Not only did you give me food, but you also gave me money to restart my business.（运用了not only …but also…句型。）
[高分句型2]. He told that man even though he changed from a wealthy man to a homeless person, never did he regret what he had done.（运用了部分倒装以及what引导的宾语从句。）
听力：1-5 BBACC 6-10 AAABC 11-15 BAABC 16-20 CCBCA
2022-2023学年度高二年级阶段测试(二)
英语
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In the classroom.
2. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. To wait patiently. B. To talk outside. C. To watch a movie with her.
3. Where is Tom now?
A. At home. B. At the office. C. At school.
4. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Mary’s typing skills. B. Mary’s working hours. C. Mary’s annoyance at work.
5. What is the weather like now?
A. It is rainy. B. It is cloudy. C. It is sunny.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答6-7小题。
6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Seller and customer. B. Guide and tourist. C. Brother and sister.
7. How much will the woman pay?
A. $45. B.$60. C.$80.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What has the man been doing all morning?
A. He has been learning. B. He has been reading articles. C. He has been listening to the radio.
9 Which program does the man care about most?
A. Teaching. B. Music. C. Sports.
10. How does the man feel about the program?
A. Satisfied. B. Interested. C. Doubtful.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. How does the man feel now?
A. Delighted. B. Worried. C. Surprised.
12. Why does the man need to move?
A. The rent is high. B. He likes to live alone. C. His roommate has bad habits.
13.What are the speakers going to do this afternoon?
A. To look for a house. B. To have a party. C. To meet a friend.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14 What festival are the speakers talking about?
A. Mother’s Day. B. Easter. C. Halloween.
15. When does the woman usually visit her grandparents?
A. On Friday morning. B. On Saturday morning. C. On Saturday afternoon.
16. What is the woman’s favorite part of the festival?
A. Receiving presents. B. Going to church. C. Hunting for eggs.
17. What will the man probably do during the holiday?
A. Stay in the dormitory.
B. Hang out with other students.
C. Join the woman’s family for the festival.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What did others think of the speaker’s behavior at first?
A. It is normal. B. It is puzzling. C. It is unacceptable.
19. How did the speaker finish cleaning the cars?
A. By cooperating with his friends. B. By working with the car owners.
C. By attracting strangers to helping him.
20. What did the speaker get in the end?
A. The joy of helping others. B. A kind friend. C. A lot of money.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Residential College Writing Tutors
The Residential College Writing Tutors are currently working via email and Zoom. Sign up the way you always have (link is external)，and a confirmation email will explain how to access your tutor at the time of your appointment.
Residential College Writing Tutors work with Yale College undergraduates. See Graduate Writing Consultations if you are a graduate student needing assistance.
Preparing for Your Session
·Make an appointment (link is external) with your college’s Writing Tutor.
·Carefully read the confirmation email，as each tutor offers slightly different instructions about preparing for appointments.
What to Expect
Many tutors will read your paper in advance，although a few prefer that you do that work together. Either way，most sessions will start with the tutor asking you what you hope to accomplish, which might include questions about the assignment or a discussion of your experience writing similar papers. The tutor will then discuss the most important areas for revision. Tutors won’t tell you exactly what to do to fix your essay，but they will help you figure out strategies for revision and prompt you to take notes on the suggestions that arise. Often the most important changes involve the primary claims of the paper or the structure of your argument.
Writing Tutors can also help you with grammar and style, although not by proof reading your whole essay; instead, the two of you might edit a paragraph together, looking for suggestions that you can then incorporate into the rest of your paper.
lf you have worked with the same tutor before，there will be more time to discuss general trends in your writing，or to work quickly through basic concerns and move on to specific needs of the current paper. One benefit of the Residential College Writing Tutors is the opportunity to work over several years with someone who knows your writing well.
1. Who can make an appointment with Residential College Writing Tutors?
A. PhD students. B. Undergraduate students.
C. High school students. D. Graduate students.
2. What will Writing Tutors not do?
A. Proofread your whole essay. B. Help you with grammar and style.
C. Edit a paragraph with you together. D. Help you figure out strategies for revision.
3. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A textbook. B. A course plan.
C. A university website. D. An academic article.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要是为了向耶鲁大学本科生推荐写作导师，以及介绍写作导师在论文写作方面会如何帮助他们。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Residential College Writing Tutors work with Yale College undergraduates. See Graduate Writing Consultations if you are a graduate student needing assistance.（住宿学院写作导师为耶鲁大学本科生提供辅导。如果你是需要帮助的研究生，请参阅研究生写作咨询。）”可知，住宿学院写作导师是为本科生提供课程的。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“Writing Tutors can also help you with grammar and style, although not by proof reading your whole essay;（写作导师也可以在语法和风格上帮助你，尽管不是通过校对你的文章；）”可知，写作导师不会帮你通篇校对你的文章。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据整篇文章分析，通篇都在说写作导师对于本科生论文写作所提供的的帮助，以及对本科生论文写作方面的建议。所以短文来源于一所大学的网站。故选C项。
B
In the animal kingdom, killer whales (虎鲸) are social stars: they travel in varied family groups, care for grandchildren, and even imitate human speech. Now, scientists are adding one more behavior to the list: forming fast friendships. A new study shows killer whales can rival animals such as chimpanzees and macaques (a kind of monkey), and even humans when it comes to the kind of “social touch” that indicates strong bonds.
Some ocean animals maintain social structures — including male dolphins that learn the “names” of their close allies (盟友). But there is little data about wild killer whales. That’s where drone technology came in. Michael Weiss, a behavioral ecologist, teamed up with his colleagues to launch drones, flying them 30 to 120 meters above a group of killer whales. That was high enough not to trouble the whales, marking the first time drones have been used to study friendly physical contact in whales.
The researchers recorded over 800 instances of physical contact between individuals. Those included hugs, back-to-back and nose-to-nose touches between pairs of whales. Other whales playfully threw young whales into the air, letting them fall into the water. Besides, the drone images revealed clear preferences among individuals, usually for one “best friend” of the same sex and age. Take J49 and J51 — two distantly related young males aged 9 and 6 — for instance. “Every time you see a group of whales, those two are right there interacting with each other,” Weiss says.
The young led most of these interactions, rather than the older females or males. Older males in particular were less important. “The young individuals really seem to be the glue (胶水) holding the groups together,” Weiss says. As individuals age, this gradual loss of “centrality” is known in many social mammals, including humans. That finding is “especially appealing” to Stacey Tecot, who wasn’t involved in the study. “Scientists have long observed this social aging trend in animals, but there are still many unanswered questions,” she says. That’s certainly on the researchers’ radar. “We’re already gathering new data, with more advanced equipment,” says Weiss.
4. What does the underlined word “rival” in Paragraph l probably mean?
A. Benefit from. B. Be equal to.
C. Depend on. D. Be fond of.
5. What is new about Weiss’ research?
A. The research method. B. The variety of species.
C. The size of the research team. D. The time spent on the research.
6. What did Weiss find about J49 and J51?
A. They have a stable friendship.
B. Their interactions are more complicated.
C. Their communicating ways change frequently.
D. They prefer playing with young female whales.
7. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. More researchers will be involved in the study.
B. Other scientists take a negative attitude to the research.
C. Researchers will collect more data to study killer whales.
D. Researchers will uncover the social aging trend in animals soon.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了社交明星虎鲸的建立快速友谊的能力。行为生态学家迈克尔·韦斯（Michael Weiss）与同事合作发射无人机研究虎鲸的友好身体接触。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一自然段“Now, scientists are adding one more behavior to the list: forming fast friendships.”（现在，科学家们又给这个清单增加了一种行为：建立快速友谊。）可知，科学家们对于虎鲸的社交能力又有一项新的发现——建立快速友谊。所以可推知下文“A new study shows killer whales can rival animals such as chimpanzees and macaques (a kind of monkey), and even humans when it comes to the kind of “social touch” that indicates strong bonds.”（一项新的研究表明，虎鲸可以与黑猩猩和猕猴（猴子的一种）等动物，甚至人类rival，因为它们的“社交接触”表明它们之间有着牢固的联系。）是说虎鲸的建立快速友谊的能力可以与黑猩猩和猕猴等动物，甚至人类相匹敌。A. Benefit from.从……受益；B. Be equal to.与……相当；C. Depend on.依靠；D. Be fond of.喜爱。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二自然段“But there is little data about wild killer whales. That’s where drone technology came in. Michael Weiss, a behavioral ecologist, teamed up with his colleagues to launch drones, flying them 30 to 120 meters above a group of killer whales.”（但关于野生虎鲸的数据很少。这就是无人机技术的起源。行为生态学家迈克尔·韦斯（Michael Weiss）与同事合作发射无人驾驶飞机，在一群虎鲸上方30至120米处飞行。）可知，迈克尔·韦斯使用无人机进行研究，也就是说他的研究方法新颖。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三自然段“Take J49 and J51 — two distantly related young males aged 9 and 6 — for instance. “Every time you see a group of whales, those two are right there interacting with each other,” Weiss says.”（以J49和J51这两个9岁和6岁的远亲年轻雄性虎鲸为例。韦斯说：“每次你看到一群虎鲸时，它们就在那里相互交流。”）可知，J49和J51有稳定的友谊。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““Scientists have long observed this social aging trend in animals, but there are still many unanswered questions,” she says. That’s certainly on the researchers’ radar. “We’re already gathering new data, with more advanced equipment,” says Weiss.”（她说：“科学家们长期以来一直观察到动物的这种社会老龄化趋势，但仍有许多问题没有答案。”。这当然是研究人员关注的问题。Weiss说：“我们已经在用更先进的设备收集新数据。”）可知，研究人员将收集更多数据来研究虎鲸。故选C。
C
Generation Z is different. As a whole, Americans born between the late 1990s and early 2000s are less likely to have work or look for it: their labour- force-participation rate is 71%, compared with 75% for millennials (born between 1980 and the late 1990s) and 78% for Generation X (born in the decade or so to 1980) when each came of age. As a result, they make up a smaller share of the workforce. With graduation ceremonies behind them, the latest group of diploma-holders are entering the job market. What they want from employers is also not quite the same as in generations past.
Although Gen-Z employees felt more lonely and isolated than their older colleagues at the start of the pandemic, the ability to work remotely has brought new possibilities. The benefits go beyond working in your pyjamas. Many are taking calls from beach chairs and hammocks (吊床) in more comfortable places or fleeing big cities in search for cheaper or larger homes.
This has big implications. Industries with jobs that cannot be done from home are falling out of favour with recent graduates. A study by ManpowerGroup, an employment company, suggests an inverse relationship (反比关系) between talent shortages and flexible working policies. The sectors which are either less able to offer remote work or have been slower to embrace it- including construction, finance and manufacturing-have faced some of the biggest skills gaps for all types of job.
That in turn has accelerated a pre-existing trend of young employees trading Wall Street for Silicon Valley. Now technology bosses are more willing than their opposite numbers in finance to let employees work from home (or anywhere else). Annual rankings of employer desirability by Universum, a graduate-staffing consultancy, bear this out. In 2008 the list of best employers graded by American graduates was dominated by big banks and the Big Four consulting firms. By 2021 seven of the ten highest spots were occupied by tech and media giants.
8. What does the underlined word “diploma-holders" in the first paragraph refer to?
A. Employees. B. Students.
C. Graduates. D. Shareholders.
9. Why do Gen-Z employees prefer work remotely?
A. They want more holidays on the beach.
B. They love wearing pyjamas while working.
C. They want to work in a more flexible way.
D. They can’t afford the residents in big cities.
10. What does the study by ManpowerGroup suggest?
A. All walks of life are facing some of the biggest skills gaps.
B. Construction, finance and manufacturing can’t offer remote work.
C. Industries with flexible working policies may suffer talent shortages.
D. Industries with jobs that cannot be done from home are less popular.
11. Why does the author mention Wall Street and Silicon Valley?
A. To weigh up the pros and cons of the two industries.
B. To prove industries in technology are more appealing.
C. To predict the change of preference among employees.
D. To show Silicon Valley is a better place to settle down.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Z世代（也称为“互联网世代”，通常是指1995年至2009年出生的一代人）毕业生对就业需求的变化，他们更青睐能够让他们在家灵活办公的科技公司。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段划线词前半句“With graduation ceremonies behind them, (随着毕业典礼的结束，)”可知，随着毕业典礼的结束，最新一批文凭持有者正在进入就业市场。可以推出，diploma-holders指的是那些参加完毕业典礼，准备进入就业市场的毕业生。这与diploma-holder“毕业文凭持有者”的字面意思也相符。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Although Gen-Z employees felt more lonely and isolated than their older colleagues at the start of the pandemic, the ability to work remotely has brought new possibilities. The benefits go beyond working in your pyjamas. Many are taking calls from beach chairs and hammocks (吊床) in more comfortable places or fleeing big cities in search for cheaper or larger homes.(尽管在疫情开始时，Z世代的员工比年长的同事更感到孤独和孤立，但远程工作的能力带来了新的可能性。这样做的好处不仅仅是穿着睡衣工作。许多人在更舒适的地方坐在沙滩椅和吊床上接听电话，或者逃离大城市，寻找更便宜或更大的房子。)”可知，远程办公带来了很多新的可能性。其中的好处不仅仅是可以居家工作，许多人还可以在更闲适的地方处理工作电话，或者在大城市以外的地方找到更便宜或更宽敞的房子。这些都是一种更为灵活的工作方式。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“A study by ManpowerGroup, an employment company, suggests an inverse relationship (反比关系) between talent shortages and flexible working policies.(招聘公司ManpowerGroup的研究表明，人才短缺程度和就业政策的灵活性之间成反比关系。)”可推断，很难实现远程办公或者对远程办公接受较慢的行业，其各种岗位都或多或少存在着重大技能人才短缺的问题。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“That in turn has accelerated a pre-existing trend of young employees trading Wall Street for Silicon Valley. (这反过来又加速了年轻员工从华尔街转投硅谷的趋势。)”可知，上一段提到的人才短缺问题，反过来又加速了年轻求职者从美国金融中心华尔街转投高科技事业云集的硅谷的既有倾向。可见科技产业更加受欢迎。故选B。
D
Lisa Gautier receives nearly a dozen parcels of human hair every day. With her San-Francisco-based non-profit organization Matter of Trust,Gautier turns donated hair into mats used to soak up oil spills on land,and booms (long tubes)used for spills at sea.
A standard way to clean up oil from land is to use mats made from polypropylene(聚丙烯). But polypropylene is a non-biodegradable plastic,and producing it ultimately means more drilling for oil. Hair,by contrast, is an environmentally friendly resource that can soak up around five times its weight in oil,according to Matter of Trust,and it is abundant.
Oil spills can pollute drinking water, endanger public health,harm plants and wildlife,and damage the economy. According to Gautier,the spills that hit the headlines only make up 5% of global oil pollution.
Megan Murray,an environmental biologist at the University of Technology Sydney, develops sustainable technologies to tackle oil spills. Her research indicates that as well as being biodegradable,human hair is often just as effective as polypropylene,and in some circumstances even better. “The hair mats are very beneficial to land spills,”says Murray but adds that when raw oil is spilled on beach sand,it is very difficult to absorb it using any of the materials she has tested. Another advantage of hair is that it costs less than conventional materials and is “globally accessible as a recycled material,” she says.
However,Murray cautions that hair mats are not a perfect solution,because they are single-use,and can only be dealt with by burning or by burying into soil which then isn’t suitable for growing food. She is now researching methods to extract the oil from a used hair mat,meaning both can be reused.
As the hair mat designs aren’t under patent,other groups have begun producing their own mats and booms. Gautier is pleased to see the movement growing.“Anyone can make a hair mat,”she says. “It creates green jobs，it cleans water,it reduces waste in landfill, and it’s promoting renewable resources.”
12. What do we know about polypropylene according to the passage?
A. It is biodegradable.
B. It is environmentally friendly.
C. People need more oil to produce it.
D. People seldom use mats made from it to clean up oil from land.
13. What does Megan Murray think of the hair mats?
A. Hair mats do no harm to soil after being burnt.
B. The effect of hair mats on terrestrial(陆地上的)spills is not very good.
C. People spend more to make hair mats than conventional materials.
D. Hair mats are not a perfect solution because they can’t be recycled now.
14. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Most oil-spill events have received widespread media coverage.
B. Lisa Gautier donated her hair to soak up oil spills on land and at sea.
C. Megan Murray goes all out to make the hair mats and the oil extracted from them reused.
D. There are many other materials used to treat oil spills on beach sand besides hair.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. How to Tackle Oil Spills
B. A Perfect Recycled Material—Human Hair
C. Take Action to Make Hair Mats And Booms
D. Human Hair Is Being Used to Clean Up Oil Spills
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了在旧金山的一个非盈利组织收集头发来减轻石油泄露带来的影响，并发现用头发做成的发垫是一个很好的方案但却不是最完美的方案，他们正在尝试着使发垫能够被重复利用。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一二句“A standard way to clean up oil from land is to use mats made from polypropylene(聚丙烯). But polypropylene is a non-biodegradable plastic,and producing it ultimately means more drilling for oil.（清理陆地油污的一个标准方法是使用聚丙烯制成的垫子。但聚丙烯是一种不可生物降解的塑料，生产它最终意味着更多的石油钻探）”可知，生产聚丙烯需要更多的石油。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“However,Murray cautions that hair mats are not a perfect solution,because they are single-use,and can only be dealt with by burning or by burying into soil which then isn’t suitable for growing food. She is now researching methods to extract the oil from a used hair mat,meaning both can be reused.（然而，默里警告说，发垫不是完美的解决方案，因为它们是一次性使用的，只能通过焚烧或埋进不适合种植食物的土壤中来处理。她现在正在研究从用过的发垫中提取发油的方法，这意味着两者都可以重复使用。）”可知，发垫不是完美的完美的解决方案因为他们不能被立马回收。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“She is now researching methods to extract the oil from a used hair mat,meaning both can be reused.（她现在正在研究从用过的发垫中提取发油的方法，这意味着两者都可以重复使用。）”可知，Megan Murray正在尽全力的去研究能让发垫重复利用的方法。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章整体分析，文章全篇都在说人的头发对于清洁泄漏的石油的作用，它并不是一个完美的解决方案，Megan Murray正在尝试去优化这个方案。故选D项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What Are the Roots of Your Self-Esteem?
Self-esteem is a person's subjective assessment of his or her worth to himself or herself. Self- esteem covers various beliefs about oneself (such as 'Tm a failure" and "I'm beautiful") as well as physiological states, including sadness, joy, and shame. The more we believe that we are worthy of happiness and good things in life, the more self-fulfilled we will be. When we don't believe that we are worthy of these things, our ability to enjoy them can suffer. ____16____
Healthy self-esteem as an adult can be a gift given in your childhood. It is a blessing that most people overlook. There are so many ways adults with high self-esteem were supported as children that resulted in them having high self-esteem. For instance, they were praised for what they had achieved.
____17____They likely experienced affection and were given enough attention. It is also possible that they excelled in studies or in sports and were admired for it by peers.
____18____As children, many of these people were criticized, yelled at, or abused in one way or another. There is also a high chance that they were given no attention by the adults who were supposed to care for them. In some cases, adults with poor self-esteem were often ridiculed for their shortcomings or bullied by peers.
It is common that these adults also believe that in order to be appreciated they need to be perfect.
____19____There are people who are obsessed with their careers or hobbies because in their mind they need to tie their worthiness to something concrete. Oftentimes these people have to pretend to be something they are not just to get approval.
How you feel about yourself impacts how you live your life. People with high self-esteem tend to have better relationships than those with low self-esteem. ____20____ So if you struggle to reach out for assistance, it could be rooted in your low self-esteem.
A. There is also a good chance that they were spoken to respectfully.
B. When we start to doubt what's important in life, we tend to do less of it.
C. Since self-esteem is connected to how we perform, it is important to work on it.
D. People with poor self-esteem on the other hand, often experienced the opposite.
E. This creates an image in their mind that without accomplishment they are worthless.
F. They face failure too, but they understand that failure or success doesn't define them.
G. High self-esteem enables you to ask for help and support from the people around you when you need it.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。自尊是一个人对自己价值的主观评价。自尊包括对自己的各种信念和生理状态。文章对高自尊和低自尊的人进行了对比和说明。
【16题详解】
根据前文“When we don't believe that we are worthy of these things, our ability to enjoy them can suffer. (当我们不相信自己值得拥有这些东西时，我们享受它们的能力就会受到伤害)”可知，此处是指当我们对人生和自己产生怀疑时，就会有不好的影响。所以选项B. When we start to doubt what's important in life, we tend to do less of it. (当我们开始怀疑生活中重要的东西，我们往往会对此做得更少)切合文意，且和前文句式相同。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据后文“They likely experienced affection and were given enough attention. It is also possible that they excelled in studies or in sports and were admired for it by peers. (他们可能经历了感情，并得到了足够的关注。也有可能他们在学习或体育方面表现优异，并因此受到同龄人的崇拜)”可知，此处是指他们被怀有敬意地对待，所以选项A. There is also a good chance that they were spoken to respectfully. (也有一个很好的机会让人们向他们尊敬地说话)切合文意。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据后文“In some cases, adults with poor self-esteem were often ridiculed for their shortcomings or bullied by peers. (在某些情况下，缺乏自尊的成年人经常因为自己的缺点而被嘲笑或被同龄人欺负)”可知，此处是讲缺乏自尊的人往往不被尊重，所以选项D. People with poor self-esteem, on the other hand, often experienced the opposite. (另一方面，缺乏自尊的人所经历的往往恰恰相反)切合文意。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据前文“It is common that these adults also believe that in order to be appreciated they need to be perfect. (这些成年人也普遍认为，为了被欣赏，他们需要变得完美)”可知，选项E中的this是指人们认为为了被欣赏他们需要变得完美，根据后文“There are people who are obsessed with their careers or hobbies because in their mind they need to tie their worthiness to something concrete. (有些人痴迷于自己的事业或爱好，因为在他们的脑海中，他们需要把自己的价值与具体的东西联系起来)”可知，有些人往往把自己的价值和成就联系在一起，所以选项E. This creates an image in their mind that without accomplishment they are worthless. (这在他们的脑海中造成了一种形象，没有成就，他们是毫无价值的)切合文意。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据后文“So if you struggle to reach out for assistance, it could be rooted in your low self-esteem. (所以如果你挣扎着去寻求帮助，那可能是因为你的自卑)”可知，自尊心高的人不会纠结于是否要寻求帮助，所以选项G. High self-esteem enables you to ask for help and support from the people around you when you need it. (高自尊能让你在需要的时候向周围的人寻求帮助和支持)切合文意。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用 (共三节，满分30分)
第一节 完型填空 (共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选择中，选出最佳选项。
Tackling behavioral problems at school is not easy, but Dr. Terrance Newton is doing that with a ____21____ effective solution.
In his first year as principal of Warner Elementary School, Newton has already seen a ____22____ change in his at-risk students. All it took was a few quality ____23____ and a pair of clippers.
Newton saw the ____24____ as soon as he started at the school. Bullying was ____25____ and students were constantly being ____26____. He believed the best way to solve this was to build positive relationships with students. So, he ____27____ to set up a barbershop at school. Having cut hair before, Newton ____28____ the barbershop could be a safe space for students to ____29____. And he was right- not only has he bonded with former _____30_____, but suspensions have dropped from 103 to 4 in the last year! Even better, bullying has all but stopped.
Kamisha Collins has seen the _____31_____ in her 11-year-old son, Brandon Ponzo. “In the beginning of the school year, my son started off really _____32_____ and was not getting along with Dr. Newton, but now they have built this _____33_____-he loves him very much,” Collins said.“Dr. Newton says positive things to them while cutting their hair. And my son’s behavior and grades have improved so much.”
What a brilliant idea not to mention a _____34_____ leader! A little love and care can make a big impact on _____35_____ kids.
21. A. suddenly B. similarly C. surprisingly D. hardly
22. A. great B. slight C. harmful D. risky
23. A. haircuts B. conversations C. performances D. services
24. A. fear B. problem C. project D. reason
25. A. out of place B. under control. C. under discussion D. out of hand
26. A. suspended B. criticized C. praised D. protected
27. A. decided B. preferred C. learned D. afforded
28. A. promised B. admitted C. rejected D. figured
29. A. calm down B. open up C. show up D. break down
30. A. classmates B. colleagues C. housekeepers D. troublemakers
31. A. increase B. encouragement C. difference D. difficulty
32. A. rough B. pleasant C. easy D. mild
33. A. barrier B. barbershop C. reputation D. bond
34. A. strict B. brave C. fantastic D. modest
35. A. appealing B. disappointing C. struggling D. lying
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了解决学校里的行为问题并不容易，但特伦斯·牛顿博士正在用一种惊人有效的方法解决这个问题。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：解决学校里的行为问题并不容易，但特伦斯·牛顿博士正在用一种惊人有效的方法解决这个问题。A. suddenly突然地；B. similarly相似地；C. surprisingly惊人地；D. hardly几乎不。根据上文“Tackling behavioral problems at school is not easy”说明解决问题不容易，以及此处的but转折故可推知，此处为但特伦斯·牛顿博士正在用一种惊人有效的方法解决这个问题。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在担任华纳小学校长的第一年，牛顿就已经看到了他那些有危险的学生的巨大变化。A. great巨大的；B. slight轻的；C. harmful有害的；D. risky冒险的。根据上文所说牛顿博士正在用一种惊人有效的方法解决这个问题，以及此处“change in his at-risk students”变化在危险学生上，故可推知，此处为看到学生巨大的变化。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：只需要几次高质量的谈话和一把剪刀。A. haircuts理发；B. conversations谈话；C. performances表演；D. services服务。根据下文“Newton says positive things to them while cutting their hair.”可知，此处为只需要几次高质量的谈话和一把剪刀。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：牛顿一到这所学校就发现了这个问题。A. fear害怕；B. problem问题；C. project项目；D. reason理由。根据下文“Bullying was ____5____ and students were constantly being.”可知，此处为牛顿一到这所学校就发现了这个问题。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：欺凌行为无法控制，学生经常被停学。A. out of place不在适当的位置；B. under control在控制下；C. under discussion在讨论中；D. out of hand失控。根据“but suspensions have dropped from 103 to 4 in the last year!”可知，在采取措施前欺凌已经无法控制。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：欺凌行为无法控制，学生经常被停学。A. suspended暂令停学；B. criticized批评；C. praised赞扬；D. protected保护。根据上文所说欺凌行为无法控制，故可推知，此处为学生经常被停学。且下文的“but suspensions have dropped from 103 to 4 in the last year!”也是提示。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，他决定在学校开一家理发店。A. decided决定；B. preferred更喜爱；C. learned学习；D. afforded提供。根据下文“Having cut hair before”之前剪过头发，故可推知，此处为他决定在学校开一家理发店。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：牛顿以前剪过头发，他认为理发店可以成为学生开放的安全空间。A. promised承诺；B. admitted承认；C. rejected拒绝；D. figured认为。根据“Having cut hair before”之前剪过头发以及下文“the barbershop could be a safe space for students to ____9____.”故可推知，此处为他认为理发店可以成为学生开放的安全空间。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：牛顿以前剪过头发，他认为理发店可以成为学生开放的安全空间。A. calm down冷静下来；B. open up打开，开发；C. show up出现；D. break down打破，坏掉。 根据上文所说欺凌行为无法控制推知，此处为他认为理发店可以成为学生开放的安全空间。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是对的——他不仅和以前的麻烦制造者建立了良好的关系，而且去年被停学的次数从103次降到了4次！A. classmates同学；B. colleagues同事；C. housekeepers管家；D. troublemakers麻烦制造者。根据上文所说欺凌行为以及“but suspensions have dropped…”可知，此处为他不仅和以前的麻烦制造者建立了良好的关系，而且去年被停学的次数从103次降到了4次！故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：卡米沙·柯林斯(Kamisha Collins)看到了她11岁儿子布兰登·庞佐(Brandon Ponzo)身上的变化。A. increase增加；B. encouragement鼓励；C. difference不同，变化；D. difficulty困难。根据下文“In the beginning of…”以及“but now they…”可知，此处为开始到现在的转变。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“在新学年开始的时候，我的儿子开始的时候非常不顺，他和牛顿博士相处得很不好，但现在他们建立了这种关系——他非常爱他，”柯林斯说。A. rough困难的；B. pleasant高兴的；C. easy简单的；D. mild温和的。根据and连接的“and was not getting along with Dr. Newton”可知，此处为在新学年开始的时候，斯克林儿子开始的时候非常不顺，他和牛顿博士相处得很不好。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“在新学年开始的时候，我的儿子开始的时候非常不顺，他和牛顿博士相处得很不好，但现在他们建立了这种关系——他非常爱他，”柯林斯说。A. barrier屏障；B. barbershop理发店；C. reputation名誉；D. bond联系，关系。根据“he loves him very much,”可知，此处为但现在他们建立了这种关系——他非常爱他。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多么聪明的想法，更不要说他是一个了不起的领导了！A. strict严厉的；B. brave勇敢的；C. fantastic了不起的；D. modest谦逊的。根据“What a brilliant idea”以及根据全文内容可知，这是对Dr. Terrance Newton赞扬。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一点点的爱和关心会对挣扎中的孩子产生很大的影响。A. appealing吸引人的；B. disappointing令人失望的；C. struggling苦苦挣扎的；D. lying撒谎的。结合全文内容可知，爱和关心会对“苦苦挣扎的(struggling)”学生，即上文提到的制造麻烦的学生，产生大大的影响。故选C项。
第二节 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In Chinese art history, Qi Baishi ranks ____36____ a towering figure. His unusual and playful style opened up a new vista in the imagery of traditional Chinese painting, and has left a rich legacy still widely ____37____ (recognize) in modern society.
Lifelike shrimps play a key role in Qi’s vast body of visual artworks. The “shrimps” are so popular ____38____ they have become synonymous with the painter himself. Unlike his predecessors, Qi Baishi painted shrimps in an impressionistic style with swift and definite brush strokes. He used different shades of ink ____39____ (model) the shrimp’s torso (躯干) and head. These shrimps are not just passive subject matter; rather they are asserting their presence.
Qi was an all-round artist. Born to a family of farmers in Hunan in 1864, he learned carpentry in his teens, and later taught ____40____ (he) the arts of painting, poetry, calligraphy and seal cutting. The years spent in rural areas ____41____ (sow) in him a deep-rooted love of nature. During his youth, he traveled around the country to seek ____42____ (inspire) from nature while ____43____ (enthusiastic) studying the masterpieces of early Chinese painters. Qi settled in Beijing in 1919 and soon achieved wide fame in the Chinese capital. Qi Baishi opened ____44____ new window for the fine art world. He ______45______ (name) the “People’s Painter” and awarded the title of “People’s Artist” by China’s Ministry of Culture.
【答案】36. as 37. recognized
38. that 39. to model
40. himself
41. sowed 42. inspiration
43. enthusiastically
44. a 45. was named
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了中国著名画家齐白石。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：在中国美术史上，齐白石是一位举足轻重的人物。固定搭配rank as“被列为”。故填as。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他独特而俏皮的画风开辟了中国传统绘画意象的新视野，留下了丰富的遗产，至今仍为现代社会所广泛认可。此处修饰a rich legacy，与recognize是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填recognized。
【38题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：这些“虾”是如此受欢迎，以至于它们已经成为画家本人的同义词。分析句子结构可知，此处是so...that句型，that引导结果状语从句。故填that。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他用不同色调的墨水来展示虾的躯干和头部。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to model。
【40题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：他于1864年出生于湖南的一个农民家庭，十几岁时学习木工，后来自学绘画、诗歌、书法和篆刻艺术。此处表示“他（齐白石）自学”，应用反身代词。故填himself。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在农村生活的岁月在他心中播下了对自然根深蒂固的热爱。此处陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填sowed。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：年轻时，他游历全国各地，在大自然中寻找灵感，同时热情地研究中国早期画家的杰作。此处作seek的宾语，应用名词inspiration，不可数。故填inspiration。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：年轻时，他游历全国各地，在大自然中寻找灵感，同时热情地研究中国早期画家的杰作。此处修饰动词studying，应用副词，作状语。故填enthusiastically。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：齐白石为美术界打开了一扇新的窗口。此处泛指“一扇新的窗口”，应用不定冠词，new是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。
【45题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：他被中国文化部命名为“人民画家”并授予“人民艺术家”称号。name与主语是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，句子陈述的事情已经发生，应用一般过去时。故填was named。
第三节 单词填空 (共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分)
46. We all had the ambition and confidence to win the first prize, ________(沐浴) in the warm sunshine.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】bathed
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：沐浴在温暖的阳光下，我们都有获得一等奖的决心和信心。短语： be bathed in light/sunshine etc. “沐浴在光线/阳光等之中”，此处省略be，用过去分词作状语。故填bathed。
47. Such warnings demand that we need to make sure that we will not fall_________(受伤) to AI. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】victim
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这些警告要求我们必须确保我们不会成为人工智能的受害者。空处在句中作宾语，所以用名词，victim“受害者”为名词，切题，故填victim。
48. News reports written at different stages of an event could contain different information as new facts are brought to________(揭露). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】light
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在一个事件的不同阶段所写的新闻报道，随着新事实的曝光，可能包含不同的信息。bring to light表示“揭露；发现”，故填light。
49. Though journalists are________(致力) to presenting the truth, it is better to use our own judgment than rely on news reports. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】committed
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：虽然记者们致力于报道真相，但与其依赖新闻报道，不如用自己的判断。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词committed“尽心尽力的，忠诚的”，作表语，构成固定短语be committed to“致力于”。故填committed。
50. Facial expressions often vary, which makes facial ________(识别) less effective. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】recognition
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：面部表情经常变化，这使得人脸识别效果较差。句子分析可知设空处在从句中做宾语，名词recognition意为“识别，认出，认识”符合句意，recognition意为“识别，认出，认识”时是不可数名词。故填recognition。
51. Apply some medicine to the burnt area, which can ________(感染) lead to some health problems. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】infectiously
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：在烧伤的地方涂点药，这可能会传染导致一些健康问题。根据汉语提示及所给句子可知，此处应使用副词infectiously“传染地”，修饰动词lead，作状语。故填infectiously。
52. The majority of the students are not good at chemistry, especially at ________(有机) chemistry. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】organic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：大多数学生不擅长化学，尤其是有机化学。分析句子可知，名词chemistry（化学）前需使用形容词作定语进行修饰。根据汉语提示，故填organic。
53. One day soon we will be able to use genome editing to increase the human__________(抵抗) to colds and flus. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】resistance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词作宾语。句意：不久的将来，我们将能够使用基因组编辑来提高人类对感冒和流感的抵抗力。结合句意可知此处用名词resistance “抵抗力”，构成名词词组human resistance to colds and flus“人类对感冒和流感的抵抗力”作increase的宾语。故填resistance。
54. When a boxer is losing badly, the coach will throw a towel into the ring to end the fight _______(真正) (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】literally
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：当拳击手输得很惨时，教练会把毛巾扔进拳击场，以真正结束比赛。设空处在句中作“end the fight”的状语，应为副词；副词literally意为“真正地，确实地（强调事实可能令人惊讶）”符合句意。故填literally。
55. All this technology does not come at the ________(牺牲) of fashion. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】expense##cost
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：所有这些技术都不会以牺牲时尚为代价。根据句意和汉语提示，应使用名词expense或者cost构成介词短语at the expense/cost of...，表示“以……为代价”。故填expense或cost。
第四部分 写作 (共两节;满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
56. 假定你是李华，你的好朋友Jim是高三学生。在最近的一次来信中Jim提到因为书写不够美观、整洁，在多次英语考试中他的作文得分都不理想，这是他目前最大的困扰。
请你给Jim回信并针对他的问题提出建议。内容包括：
1.理解和安慰；
2.你的建议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jim,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Hearing your upset about your English handwriting which has posed an influence on your writing scores, I feel deeply concerned. Don’t be too worried, for it is common among your peers.
I have a deep understanding of your trouble. From my point of view, the situation might be caused by inadequate practice and incorrect methods of practice. Here are my suggestions. Initially, it is essential that you practise strokes and letters while watching a demo video or with a copybook. Then, you can arrange a fixed period every day for further practice. Finally, put it into practice in the tests and make adjustments when necessary.
Take action now and I believe I will witness your gradual progress and final success.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定你是李华，你的好朋友Jim是高三学生。在最近的一次来信中Jim提到因为书写不够美观、整洁，在多次英语考试中他的作文得分都不理想，这是他目前最大的困扰。请你给Jim回信并针对他的问题提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
不足的：inadequate→deficient
困难：trouble→difficulty
非常重要的：essential→allimportant
建议：suggestion→advice
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Then, you can arrange a fixed period every day for further practice.
拓展句：Then, you can arrange a fixed period every day, which is used for further practice.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Hearing your upset about your English handwriting which has posed an influence on your writing scores, I feel deeply concerned. (运用了现在分词作状语和which引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Initially, it is essential that you practise strokes and letters while watching a demo video or with a copybook. (运用了it作形式主语和that引导的主语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Once upon a time, there was a village where lived a wealthy man named Rama. He was always ready to help the poor and needy. His act of kindness made him so popular that villagers thought of him as the head of the village. And he was overjoyed at villagers’ love for him.
Rama was a well-known businessman who dealt in the export of agricultural products. One year, there was no rain so the whole village was under drought conditions. There was a lack of food and water everywhere. Villagers were dying of hunger. Therefore, they reached out to Rama for help.
Rama, in spite of having a huge loss in business, chose to help the villagers out generously. He started giving out food for free. Every day he would give a part of his wealth and grains to the needy. Soon, Rama ran out of money and food as he gave all his wealth to the needy villagers. Rama tried hard to manage his business, but he failed. Finally, he was left with nothing.
Rama had to live in a rented house. He looked for a job but no one was ready to offer him one because they were in fear of losing their wealth because of his kind nature. After a few days, he left with no money, so he had to leave his rented house. Rama was now homeless. He and his wife decided to leave the village.
Rama and his wife set off for another village. After walking for a while, both were tired so they decided to take a rest under a tree, and after that, they would move further. They ate whatever they had with them and slept under the tree. They were so tired that they slept the whole day and when they woke up it was dark. They started seeking shelter. Soon they saw a luxury mansion（公馆）and went there for help.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
They knocked and a man opened the door.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When he heard his words of gratitude, Rama’s eyes were filled with tears.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】They knocked and a man opened the door. The moment he saw them, he greeted them with joy. He took them inside and offered them food to eat. Rama was surprised and asked why. The man said, “Years ago, I was dying of hunger when you helped me out. Not only did you give me food, but you also gave me money to restart my business. I can never thank you enough and I am so glad that I am able to repay your generosity today.”
When he heard his words of gratitude, Rama’s eyes were filled with tears. He told that man even though he changed from a wealthy man to a homeless person, never did he regret what he had done. The man asked him not to worry and promised to help. With his generous aid, Rama was able to recreate his business. Slowly and steadily, he became rich again. In spite of so many ups and downs, Rama didn’t forget his social responsibility and he started helping the needy again.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个名叫拉玛的富人总是乐于帮助他人。有一年，天气干旱，农民们缺水少食。尽管拉玛在生意上损失惨重，但还是选择慷慨地帮助村民直至自己一无所有。拉玛和妻子离开村子去寻找避难所。他们看到了一座豪华公馆去那里求助，被自己曾经帮过的人帮助的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“他们敲门，一个人打开了门。”可知，第一段可描写拉玛获得了帮助，且帮助者就是曾经自己的帮助对象。
②由第二段首句内容“当他听到自己的感激之词时，拉玛的眼里充满了泪水。”可知，第二段可描写拉玛在他的慷慨帮助下得以重建他的生意。慢慢地，他又变得富有了，并继续帮助他人。
2.续写线索：问候——给食物——感谢——回馈帮助——变得富有——继续助人
3.词汇激活
行为类
①提供：offer/give/provide
②.回报：repay /pay back
③.感谢：thank /appreciate/ show gratitude/be grateful
情绪类
①.高兴：joy /delight/happiness
②.惊讶：surprise /astonished
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. Not only did you give me food, but you also gave me money to restart my business.（运用了not only …but also…句型。）
[高分句型2]. He told that man even though he changed from a wealthy man to a homeless person, never did he regret what he had done.（运用了部分倒装以及what引导的宾语从句。）
听力：1-5 BBACC 6-10 AAABC 11-15 BAABC 16-20 CCBCA
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