专题16 8BU8-牛津译林版初中英语第二学期单元知识点囊括及易错题分析（江苏专用）

这是一份专题16 8BU8-牛津译林版初中英语第二学期单元知识点囊括及易错题分析（江苏专用），共13页。

专题16 8BU8-牛津译林版初中英语第二学期单元知识点囊括
及易错题分析

单元话题
A green world
Reading
重点词汇、词组和句型
Grammar
一般将来时的被动语态

知识点囊括

一、重点词组、句型
1.对…认真 be serious about sth
一个严重的问题 a serious problem 伤得严重 be seriously hurt

2.我们不可以砍树,要不然，我们会被惩罚。We aren’t allowed to cut down trees.Otherwise, we’ll be punished.
允许某人做某事 allow sb to do
某人被允许做某事 sb be allowed to do
因…被惩罚 be punished for sth

3.如果我们在公共场所扔垃圾，我们会被警察罚款。
If we drop litter in a public place, we will be fined by the police.
被罚款 be fined

4.我们依赖丰富的资源生活。We depend on its rich resources
依靠，依赖 depend on …
—What a day!It’s a raining again.
—You cannot __C___ the fine weather when you plan a day out at this time of year.
A.look for B.lead to C.depend on D.carry on

5.这些新能源成本低廉且用之不尽。These new types of energy cost very little and will never run out.
用完，耗尽 run out (无被动)
对…有影响，起作用 make a difference to sth

6.它们产生很好的污染。They produce little pollution.

7.他们如何处理旧衣服呢？What do they do with old clothes?
如何处理sth what… do with sth

8.我们应该进行垃圾分类这样它才能被循环使用。
We should separate waste into different groups so that it can be recycled.
为了 so that +that
如此…以致 so+adj./adv./many/much+ that …

9. 发现某人活着 find sb alive

10.有机会考虑我们周围的世界 have a chance to think about the world around us
有机会做某事 have a chance to do
( B )Usually, confident people have more ______ to be successful.
A.activities B.chances C.excuses D.prizes

11.被示范如何做某事 be shown how to do sth
--Wow, Wendy. It’s cool to make a short video with your mobile phone.
---Just with a software called Meipai. Let me show you B .
A. which to use B.how to use it C.what to use D.where to use

12.和人类一样，动物也被污染伤害。 As well as people, animals are harmed by people.
A 对B有害处 A harm B=A is harmful to B
B被A伤害 B be harmed by A

13.做了一个关于学生日常习惯的调查 do a survey on students’ daily habits
A__A___shows that about 80 percent of the people think parents should get a day off on Children’s Day.
A.survey B.form C.course D.decision

14.这是调查的结果。 Here are the results of the survey.
…的结果 the result of 结果 as a result

15.词形变化
dig v.挖—digging –dug-dug
serious adj.严重的,严肃的—seriously adv.严重地,非常
recycle v.回收—recycling
wise adj.明智的—wisely adv.明智地 –wisdom n.智慧
different adj.不同的—difference n.不同之处
pollute v.污染—polluted adj.污染的—pollution n.污染
harm v./n.伤害—harmful adj.有害处的—harmless adj. 无害的
live v.生活—living/alive adj.活着的
care v.关心—carelessly adv.粗心地

二、语法Grammar
知识点1：被动语态的一般将来时的含义
被动语态的一般将来时用来描述将要发生的动作。如：
He will be/is going to be taken to hospital in a few minutes.
The food will be/is going to be eaten by the dog soon.

知识点2：被动语态的一般将来时的构成(以 support 为例)
时态
主语
will be/be going to be
过去分词

一般将来时
I
will be/am going to be

supported
You/We/They
will be/are going to be


He /She/ It
will be/is going to be





注意：主语是第一人称时，被动语态的一般将来时也可以用“shall be+动词的过去分词”来表达。

例1：It is said that an Asian Culture Village inside the AYG, Village in Nanjing in the coming Asian Youth Games period.
A. builds B. is building C. will be built D. was built
【答案】C
例2：A new building __________(build) at our school now.
【答案】is being built
例3：The decision about the price ______ in a few days. So they have to wait.
A. is made B. was made C. is being made D. will be made
【答案】D
例4：It's said that the long bridge______________（build）in two months．
【答案】will be built
例5：The children will sing an English song.(将主动句改为被动句)
________________________________________________________
【答案】An English song will be sung by the children.
例6：这个问题将会被讨论。（翻译句子）
________________________________________________________
【答案】The question will be talked about later.

三、词组归纳
1. plant breadfruit trees 种面包果树
2. care about the Earth 关心地球
3. reduce air pollution 减少空气污染
4. take shorter showers 缩短淋浴洗澡时间
5. separate … into … 把…分开/隔开成…
6. depend on /upon its rich resources to live 依靠它的丰富资源生存
7. make a difference to … 对…产生影响/起作用
8. run out 用完，耗尽
9. clean up 清除；净化
10. a survey on students’ daily habits 一项关于学生日常习惯的调查
11. turn off the tap 关掉水龙头
12. keep soil in place during storms 在暴风雨中保持土壤在正确位置
13. cause serious air pollution 导致严重的空气污染
14. choose public transport 选择公共交通
15. drop litter in a public place 在公共场合扔垃圾
16. be fined by the police 被警方罚款
17. limit air and water pollution 限制空气和水污染
18. produce less waste 产生更少垃圾
19. develop a green lifestyle 培养绿色生活风格
20. cut down 砍倒，砍伐
21. be invited to the show 应邀参加演出
22. … be displayed at the environment show 在环境演出中被展览
23. … be thrown into lakes and rivers 被扔进江河湖泊里
24. The air is filled with pollution. 空气中充满了污染物。
25. as well as … 和…一样，不仅…
26. work together 齐心协力，携手共进
27. turn off the tap when brushing teeth 刷牙时关掉水龙头
28. natural resources 自然资源
29. do more exercise and watch less TV 多锻炼，少看电视
30. more tips for a green lifestyle 关于环保生活方式的更多提示或方法
31. follow these small steps 按照这些小的措施
32. take some simple steps 采取一些简单措施
33. in order to save power 为了节省电能
34. develop a green lifestyle 养成环保的生活方式
35. make a big difference to the Earth 对地球产生很大变化和影响

四、句型归纳
1. Will more trees be planted this year? = __Will___ more trees __be__ ___planted__ this year?
今年将有更多的树要种植吗？
2. We can save water by taking shorter showers.
通过缩短洗浴时间我们能够节约用水。
3. We can save energy by turning off the lights when we leave a room
我们通过人走关灯来节约能源。
4. More and more families own cars and this causes serious air pollution
越来越多的家庭拥有汽车，这会引起空气污染。
5. We should remember to turn off the lights when we leave a room
当我们离开房间时我们应该记住关灯。
6. We should try to keep it that way. 我们应该尽量让它一直保持那样。
7. Things like glass, plastic and paper are separated into different groups and then recycled
像玻璃 ，塑料和纸分成不同的组，然后回收
8. If we drop litter in a public place, we will be fined by the police
如果我们在公开场合乱丢垃圾，我们将被警方罚款。
9. These new types of energy cost very little and will never run out.
这些新型的能源成本低廉（花钱很少），用之不尽。
10. Remember that everyone can do something to make a difference
记住每个人都可以做点（对保护环境）有益的事 (对…有影响，起作用)
11. All of us will have a chance to think about the world around us.
我们当中所有的人有机会考虑我们周围的世界
12. Air pollution is harmful to our health. 空气污染对我们身体有害。
13. Turn off the power when your TV or computer is not in use.
当电视和电脑不用的时，要关掉电源。
14. Our environment is changing for the worse ,so it is time for us to go green.
我们的环境变得越来越糟糕，所以是我们行动起来保护环境的时候了。
15. I think our town will look nicer with more trees around.
我们认为周围有更多的树木，我们的城镇会更加美丽。
16. As well as people, animals are harmed by pollution. 不仅人类而且动物也受到污染危害。
17. If we don’t act to improve the environment, more living things will be killed by pollution.
如果我们不行动起来改善环境，将会有更多生物被污染所杀死。
18. Trees reduce dust and help keep the air clean. 树能减少灰尘，并帮助净化空气。
19. Trees also help keep soil in place during storms. 在暴风雨期间，树也帮助保持土壤不流失。
20. Coal, oil and natural gas are not only useful for families, but also have a wider use for factories. 煤、石油和天然气不仅对家庭有用，而且对工厂有更广泛的用途。
21. It is time for us to take proper action to protect our environment.
我们采取适当措施保护环境的时候到了。
22. Land and water pollution kills many animals every year.
土地和水污染每年杀死很多动物。

易错题分析

语法部分：
一、单项选择
1. The pictures_____ by him tomorrow.
A. will be taken B. is taken C. take D. will take
2. The question ____ by us soon.
A. is going to discuss         B. will discuss C. is going to be discussed       D. has been discussed
3. The sports meeting ________ held until next week.
A. didn’t be B. won’t be C. isn’t D. doesn’t
4. A new English play _____ there next week.
A. will put on                 B. will be put on         C. is going to put on         D. will be putted on
5. — Our classroom____________every day.— So it is. It's our duty to keep it clean and tidy.
A. cleans B. is cleaning C. is cleaned D. cleaning
【答案】A C B B C

二、将下列句子改为被动语态
1. Our city will build a new highway next year.
2. This will make me feel thirsty.
3. Many people take good care of the poor children.
4. People can’t see the building from here.
5. Must each student answer this question?
6. Jim ate up all the food.
7. Liming always does the homework carefully.
8. Tom will check the computer.
9. When did Han Han write the story?
10. Do people grow rice in the north of China?
【答案】
1. A new highway will be built by our city next year.
2. I will be made to feel thirsty.
3. The poor children are taken good care of by many people.
4. The building can’t be seen by People from here.
5. Must this question be answered by each student?
6. All the food was eaten by Jim.
7. The homework is always done carefully by Liming.
8. The computer will be checked by Tom.
9. When was the story written by Han Han?
10. Is rice grown by people in the north of China?

词汇句型部分：
一、单选题
1. — Would you mind ______ the music a little? Don’t you think it’s too loud?— Sorry! I’ll do it in a minute.
A. turning on B. turning off C. turning up D. turning down
2. — How much is the ticket to Central Park?— A one-way ticket _____ $40, and you can _____ another $20 for a round-trip.
A. costs, pay B. cost, spend C. pay, spend D. spends, pay
3. — Do you know why he didn't ______a word when he ______to?— Because he was too nervous.
A. speak, speaks B. say, was spoken C. say, spoke D. speak, is spoken
4. The heavy snow didn’t the international airlines
A. pay attention to B. add to C. make a difference to D. keep to
5. My parents getting up early on weekdays.
A. used to B. be used to C. was used to D. are used to
6. ----What will you do with the waste paper?
---- The waste paper as well as the used books _______ to the recycling company.
A. is going to send B. are going to send C. is going to be sent D. are going to be sent
7. ----- Tom and his parents will help us work in the park.
----- That’s great. If more people take part, the park will be ________ in a shorter time .
A. cleaned out B. cleaned down C. cleaned up D. cleaned away
8. --- China is a country with _______ resources .--- That’s true. But China is also a country with the largest number of people .
A. rich B. poor C. high D. low
9. ----After the sports meeting ,there are so many water bottles in the dustbin.
----So our club will start a project to collect them so that they will be _______.
A . replied B. return C. reduce D. reused
10. -----Sir, did you see the sign “No Parking ”?----- Sorry , I didn’t know parking isn’t _________ here.
A. prevented B. refused C. allowed D. excepted
11. A report says that the world’s natural gas deposits(存储)_______ early in the next century.
A. will run out B. will be run out C. will use up D. will be cleaned up
12.Which of the following actions is NOT part of green life?
A. Burning rubbish in the open air . B. Planting trees in spring
C. Walking or riding bikes to school . D. Taking a shopping basket when going shopping .
13. His parents found _______ to tell him everything that had happened.
A. it necessary B. that necessary C. this necessary D. necessary
14. —Do you know if he_____ back tomorrow?—Sorry, I don’t know. If he_____ back, I will tell you at once.
A. comes; comes B. comes; will come C. will come; comes D. will come; will come
15. —Let me help you carry the box, Granny.—Thank you, Li Ping. It’s very kind__________ you__________ me.
A. of; to help B. for; to help C. of; helping D. for; to helping
16. We have discussed the project for two hours . And after a short break ,the discussion ________.
A. will carry on B. will be carried on C. has carried on D. were carried on
17. When the fire started ,Tom was ________ to help all the children out . He is both brave and smart.
A. too calm B. calm enough C. too nervous D. nervous enough
18. ----How soon will these waste bottles be recycled ? ----_______.We have called the recycling company.
A. An hour ago B. In an hour C. After an hour D. For an hour
19._____ is really hard ______ them to climb such a high mountain.
A. This; to B. It ; to C. This ; for D. It ; for
20. -----If I work hard at my lessons from now on ,can I do well in them? ------ Sure .________.
A. All rivers run into the sea . B. Every day is not Sunday.
C. Better late than never D. Many hands make light work
【答案】1～5 DABCD 6~~10 CCADC 11~~15 AAACA 16~~20 BDBDC

二、翻译句子
1. 你刷牙时关闭水龙头吗？
Do you __________________________________?
2. 尽量使用纸的两面。
Try to ___________________________________?
3. 这是调查的结果。
Here _________________________________ the survey.
4. 对于帮助保护环境，他们已经做了很多。
They have _________________________ help protect the environment.
5. 水污染对我们的健康有害。
Water pollution ________________________________ our health.
6. 不光他去过上海，他父亲也去过上海。
_____________he _________________his father ______________Shanghai.
7. 人们依赖自然资源生存。
People _____________________________live.
8. 那些纸被扔掉了。
The paper ____________________________.
9. 环境问题已经成为一个严重的问题了。
The environment has_____________________________.
10. 树木可以减少灰尘，并且有助于保持空气干净。
Trees ___________________ and help___________________.
11.所有的水果一个小时前被卖光了。
All the fruit _____________________an hour ago.
12. 应该好好照看老人。
The old should ____________________________.
13. 我们收到的捐款将被用来建造一所希望学校。
The donations we have received ______________________a Hope School.
【答案】
1. turn off the tap when brushing your teeth. 2. use both sides of the paper
5. are the results of 4. done a lot to 5. is harmful to
6. Not only, but also, has been to 7. depend on natural resources to
8. is thrown away 9. become a serious problem
10.can reduce dust, keep the air clean 11.was sold out
12. be looked after well/ take good care of 13.will be used to build/for building

三、词汇运用
1. It’s said that the long bridge ___________(build) in two months.
2. The old man is ill. He ________(send) to the hospital by his son soon.
3. More and more trees _________(plant) in that area in recent years.
4. More books ________ (donate) to this school next term.
5. You __________(give) a gift if you answer the question correctly.
6. The old man ______(tell) to leave his house tomorrow.
7. I’m afraid more people _________(hurt) by pollution in the future.
8. All the lights __________(turn) off in ten minutes.
9. Students ________(show) how to protect the environment in tomorrow’s class.
10. You ___________(punish) if you break the rules.
【答案】
1. will be built 2. will be sent 3. have been planted 4.will be donated 5.will be given
6. will be told 7. will be hurt 8. will be turned 9.will be shown 10. will be punished