2.3 Unit 2 Discovering useful structures grammar课件+练习

Unit 2 Morals and Virtues
Period 3Discovering useful structures
（现在分词动词ing形式作状语、宾补）
The –ing form as the adverbial and object complement
1. To master the usages of -ing forms serving as the adverbial and object complement.2.To use -ing forms freely as the adverbial and object complement in communication and writing.
Step 1. Lead-in
我们常说的现在分词和动名词是怎么回事？
现在分词和动名词都是由动词末尾加 -ing 形式构成，因此统称为动词的 -ing 形式。
5
1. Climbing mountains is dangerous.
主语
2. My broyher always loves playing basketball after school.
宾语
3. His hobby is playing games.
表语
观察下面句子并分析画线部分在句中所作的成分 
5. Looking down at her phone as she walked, she hit the door.
定语
4. The lady doing the live broadcast is called Qiao Biluo.正在做直播的这位女士名叫乔碧萝。
状语
6. The head teacher saw Li Ming playing with smart phone in the classroom.
宾语补足语
定语
状语
Part OneThe –ing form as the Attributive(动词ing用作状语)
现在分词作状语（修饰动词）时, 可表时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随、让步等情况。
现在分词用作状语
1.现在分词作时间状语现在分词作时间状语时，相当于时间状语从句。可在现在分词前加连词“when, while, until”等，使其时间意义更明确。Walking in the park,she saw an old friend.＝When/while(she was)walking in the park,she saw an old friend. 当她在公园里散步时，她看到了她的一个老朋友。
2.现在分词作原因状语现在分词作原因状语时，可转换为由since, because或as引导的原因状语从句，这类状语多放在句子的前半部分。Being ill，he couldn't go to school.＝As he was ill，he couldn't go to school.
3.现在分词作条件状语现在分词作条件状语时，可转换为if, once或unless等引导的条件状语从句。 Working hard，you'll make great progress. ＝If you work hard，you'll make great progress.
4.现在分词作让步状语现在分词作让步状语时，相当于一个以though/although引导的让步状语从句。Working or reading，she always did her best.＝Whether she worked or read，she always did her best.
5.现在分词作方式/伴随状语/结果状语现在分词作方式，结果或伴随状语时，通常不能转换为状语从句，但可用并列分句代替。I stood by the door，not daring to say a word.＝I stood by the door，and didn’t dare to say a word.His parents died，leaving him an orphan.＝His parents died and left him an orphan.
1) 为使动词-ing作状语所表达的时间;条件;让步等更明确,可在动词-ing形式前加上适当的连词(when, while, though, unless, if, even if等)
特别提醒:
1.吃饭时不要说话。 Don’t talk while having dinner.2.一旦失去这次机会你 就很难找回。 Once losing this chance, you can’t  easily find it.
2) 动词-ing形式作状语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致.
1.Looking out of the window, the garden was beautiful.  Looking out of the window, we found the garden beautiful.2.While reading the book, the telephone rang.  While she was reading the book, the telephone rang.
1. Having finished his homework, he rushed out to play basketball. 2.Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the test.
3)当--ing表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前时,应使用完成式: having done.


1. Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. 2.Being questioned by the teacher, she felt very upset.
4) 当--ing与句子的主语存在逻辑上的动宾关系时,-ing分词要用被动形式。

5) V–ing 用于某些固定搭配中,表示说话人的态度;观点等,如:generally speaking, frankly/honestly speaking, judging by/from, considering/seeing, supposing等
1.Generally speaking, girls are more careful than boys.2.Supposing it rains, we will put off the sports meeting.3.Judging from his accent, he must be from the north.
1.______________(try) many times, he still couldn't overcome the difficulties.2.____________ (eat) at the cafeteria before, Tina didn't want to eat there again.3.Unless ______ (see) the changes with your own eyes, you will never believe their greatness.4.His car broke down on the way, thus ________ (cause) him to be late for the election.5.Tom walked away, __________ (complain) about the cold weather.
Having tried
Having eaten
seeing
causing
complaining
Exercises
6.There are many goods, ________ (range) from food and drink to some electronic products.7.You have to prepare the next question ________ (depend) on what the person says.8.________ (walk) in the street with his dog following him, he felt really free and pleased.9._____________ (finish) his work, he went out into the garden to have a walk.
ranging
depending
Walking
Having finished
Part TwoThe –ing form as object complement(动词ing用作宾补)
观察归纳：动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面, 对宾语进行补充说明表示一个____________________的动作, 强调一个过程或一种状态。
正在进行的主动性
1. 读句子，思考V-ing 作宾语补足语的作用是什么？1) When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance. 2) The boss kept the workers working the whole night.
1. We saw a light burning in the window. 2. I felt someone patting me on the back.3. Can you smell anything burning?4. Listen to the birds singing.
归纳：2.表示感觉和心理状态的的动词，即：____动词 如：______________________________________
感官
see, hear, watch, feel, think, find, notice等
能用现在分词作宾补的几类词：
归纳：3.表示“使”“令”“让”等含有“致使”意义的动词，即：______动词如：________________________
使役
make, get, have, help, leave
1. I won't have you doing that. 2. This set me thinking.3. I'm sorry to have kept you waiting. 4. I can't get the clock going again.
1.With time going by , I show much interest in learning English.2.Mrs Deng entered the classroom ,with a group of students following her.3. With so many people looking at her, she felt nervous.
归纳：4.用于_______________ 的复合结构中，v-ing form对宾语起补充说明作用。
with+宾语+宾补
①When I was on my way to school this morning, I saw two women ________ (sell) lanterns.②The operator left hurriedly with the machine ________ (run).③On the bank of the river, we found him ________ (put) on a tent, with a dog ________ (lie) on the grass.④Peter, a colleague of mine, was standing on the bridge and watching boats ________ (pass) by.
selling
running
putting
lying
passing
Exercises
⑤Don't leave her ________ (wait) outside in the rain.⑥After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother's voice ________ (call) him.⑦With the pianist __________ (perform) music on the stage, the atmosphere is quite romantic.⑧When I came in, I saw Linda ________ (whisper) to Danny.⑨The sound of the gun sent the birds ______ (fly) away.
waiting
calling
performing
whispering
flying
Thank you