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    牛津译林版英语七年级下册Unit1知识点学案

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    牛津译林版英语七年级下册Unit1知识点学案

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    这是一份牛津译林版英语七年级下册Unit1知识点学案,共15页。
    牛津译林英语7B Unit 1 知识点 Comic stripWould you like to live in a palace, Eddie? 你想住在宫殿里吗,EddieWould you like to do sth.? 你愿意做某事吗?(用来提建议)肯定回答:Yes, Id like/love to.Yes, Id like that.否定回答:No, thanks.Id like to, but ...e.g: --你愿意和我一起打篮球吗?--不好意思!我很想去,但我有很多作业要做。--Would you like to play basketball with me?--Sorry! Id like to, but I have a lot of homework to do.would like = wantwould like sth./to do sth.  想要某物/做某事palace 皇宫,宫殿, 指古代皇帝的宫殿或主教、大主教的住宅,也可表示“豪华住宅”“公共娱乐大厦”。Palace(首字母大写)the连用,可表示“宫廷中显要的人”,尤指国王或王后,此时谓语动词用单数形式。 No, Id like to live next to a restaurant. 不,我想要住在隔壁的饭店里。next to “紧挨着,在……的旁边”,其后可接表示地点的名词或代词。e.g: The Water Cube is next to the Birds Nest.next to = besideclose to e.g: Lily lives in the room next/close to our room. 莉莉住在我们隔壁的房间里。 There are twenty restaurants in town. 在城里有二十家餐馆。in town 在城里,town前无须加定冠词the类似结构:in hospital 住院   at school  在学校townvillage(村子)大,比city(城市)小;与country(乡村)相对时,town表示“城市”,town and country城乡。 --Which is your favourite?    --哪一个是你最喜欢的?  --The biggest one in Fifth Street!  --第五大街最大的一个。favourite(n.)最喜欢的人或事物(adj.)最喜欢的 =like ... beste.g: 面条是我最喜欢的食物。Noodles are my favourite food. = I like noodles best.biggest 最高级,用于三者或三者以上(人或物)的比较,前面一定要加定冠词the,后面长带of/in短语来说明比较的范围。e.g: He is the tallest in our class.  他是我们班最高的。 Welcome to the unitWhich country is this photo from, Simon?country  (n.)国家,复数:countries(n.)农村,乡村e.g: China is a great country.  中国是一个伟大的国家。My grandfather likes to live in the country.  我爷爷喜欢住在农村。 Is Tokyo the capital of Japan? 东京是日本的首都吗?capital (n.)首都   the capital of  ……的首都(n.)省会   the capital of  ……的省会(adj.)大写的  The capital letter of g is G.*部分国家与相应的首都:国家(country)首都(capital)France法国Paris巴黎Japan日本Tokyo东京Russia俄罗斯Moscow莫斯科Thailand泰国Bangkok曼谷the UK英国London伦敦South Korea韩国Seoul首尔Germany德国Berlin柏林Australia澳大利亚Canberra堪培拉Italy意大利Rome罗马 ReadingI live in a town 15 miles from London. 我住在一个离伦敦15公里远的小镇上。mile (n.)英里,复数:miles,表示距离。固定结构:基数词+mile(s)+from sp.,表示离某地多少英里。e.g: My home is 2 miles from my school. 我家离学校两英里远。类似mile的用法:metre米,kilometre千米 My family and I often sit there and enjoy a cup of tea.  我的家人和我经常坐在那边喝茶。[解析family, househome]词条含义用法family集体名词,“家人,家庭”是一种社会意义上的团体,与住房无关house名词,“房子,房屋”侧重指居住的地点和建筑物,是不可迁移的home名词,“家”指一个家庭共同生活的地方,也可指一个人出生或长大的地方。包含建筑物(house)和里面居住的人(family地点副词,“家”与介词连用时,要省略home前面的介词,固定短语:go home回家 e.g: My home is in Beijing, China, with a family of three. We live in a large house.   我家在中国北京,是个三口之家。我们住在一栋大房子里。a cup of tea 一杯茶固定短语a cup of(一杯……)用于不可数名词量的表达。a cup of的复数结构为“数词 + cups of... I live in a flat in the centre of Moscow. 我住在莫斯科中心的一座公寓房里。centre常与the连用,意为“中心,中央,中心点”in the centre of... 意为“在……的中心”e.g: the centre of a circle  圆心The library is in the centre of the city.  图书馆在市中心。[辨析middlecentre]middlemiddle指距离两端或两边距离相等的中央或中间部分。如:I plant banana trees in the middle of the garden.我在园子中间种上香蕉树。centrecentre指方、圆等的空间位于中心点的位置,centremiddle更确切。如:She is standing in the centre of the room.她站在屋子中央。 Its not big, but we have a nice living room.  它不大,但是我们有一间漂亮的客厅。living room 起居室,客厅,是房屋构成的一部分。[拓展]一般房屋的构成:词条含义词条含义kitchen厨房study书房bathroom浴室balcony阳台bedroom卧室living room客厅dining room餐厅garden花园 I share a bedroom with my sister. 我和姐姐共用一间卧室。share--本句中为及物动词,“共用,分享”。当表示“与某人分享,与某人共用”时,可用share sth. with sb.e.g: Eli shares his chocolate with the other kids.    伊莱与其他孩子一起分享他的巧克力。share--名词,“一份,份额”。常构成短语a share of... 一份…… ones share of 某人的一份……e.g: Dont worry. Everyone has his share of food.不必担心,每个人都有一分食物。 We often listen to music in bed.  我们经常在床上听音乐。in bed介词短语,意为“在床上”[辨析in bedon the bed]in bed相当于under the covers,表示“在床上(指盖着被子)”on the bed相当于on top of the covers,表示“在床上(指未打开被子)” I have my own bedroom and bathroom. 我有我自己的卧室和浴室。own作形容词,意为“自己的,特有的”,常和名词所有格或形容词性物主代词连用,表示“某人自己的”。e.g: I see the whole accident with my own eyes. 我亲眼看到这次事故的全过程。own作及物动词,意为“拥有”,相当于havee.g: Now my parents own a hotel. 现在我的父母拥有一家旅馆。owner名词,意为“拥有者”e.g: Mr White is the owner of this shopping mall.怀特先生是这家购物中心的老板。I love to sit there and look out at the beach and the sea.  我喜欢坐在那儿眺望沙滩和海洋。look out动词短语,意为“向外看”,后接宾语时要加介词at,即look out at;若接of,则构成look out of,表示“从……往外看”。e.g: Tom often looks out of the window in class. 汤姆经常在课堂上朝窗外看。look out单独成句,表示“小心,注意”,常用在祈使句中,表示提醒,相当于be carefultake caree.g: Look out! A car is coming. 小心!一辆车开过来了。*look常构成固定短语:look for  寻找    look around  环顾四周look up  查阅,向上看  look after  照顾look like 看起来像sea名词,意为“海”,同音词为see(看见),对应词是land(陆地),常与定冠词the连用。*see常构成固定短语:by sea = by ship 乘轮船at sea   在海上in the sea  在海里[提醒]sea常用于专有名词,此时sea的首字母要大写。e.g: the China Sea 中国海 The bathroom is the best place to chat and watch TV. the best place to do sth.  做某事的最好地方句中不定式“to chat and watch TV”作后置定语,修饰“the best placee.g: Suzhou is the best place to visit in spring.在春天,苏州是游览的最好的地方。 In most homes, people have dinner in the bedroom.most在这里作形容词,意为“大多数的,大部分的”,通常用来修饰名词。e.g: Most students are from the country in my class.我班上的大多数学生来自乡村。most还可作代词,意为“大多数;大部分”,常与介词of连用,并根据of后的名词确定谓语动词的形式。e.g: I spend most of my time on my study. 我花费大部分的时间在学习上。Grammar基数词(1)构成:①基数词1~12是独立的单词,无规律可循。②基数词13~19基本是在3~9后加后缀-teen20~90各整十位数都以-ty结尾。21~99除整十位数外,十位和个位间要加连字符“-”。100~999先说“几百”加and,再说末尾两位数或末位数。1000以上的数,从后往前每三位加一个千分号,第一个千分号在的位置为thousand,第二个千分号在的位置为million,第三个千分号在的位置为billion,依此类推。[提醒]①当hundred, thousand, million等前面有具体数词时,要用单数。e.g: About 1.35 million people live in our city. 大约有135万人居住在我们市。②表示不确定的数目要用“hundred, thousand...的复数+of”结构。e.g: There are hundreds of people in the hall. 礼堂里有数以百计的人。 Red Square in Moscow is about 91,000 square metres in size.  莫斯科红场约有九万一千平方米大。in size介词短语,意为“在大小上”e.g: My pencil is different from yours in size. 我的铅笔盒大小和你的不一样。类似的固定短语有:in area  按面积计算,在面积方面in weight 在重量上in colour 在颜色上 France has an area of over 260,000 square miles.  法国面积超过二十六万平方千米。have an area of相当于be ... in area,表示“……的面积是……”,该句与“France is over 260,000 square miles in area.”同义。e.g: The farm has an area of 100 square kilometres. 这个农场占地100平方千米。over介词,意为“超过”,相当于more thane.g: There are over 100 people in the supermarket. 超市里有100多个人。[拓展]over的其他用法:词条词性含义over介词越过在……上方遍及在……期间,相当于during形容词结束的;终了的副词翻转;从一边到另一边 序数词(1)构成:①第一、第二、第三分别为:first, second, third②第4~19都由基数词加-th构成。注意fifth(第5),eighth(第8),ninth(第9),twelfth(第12)的拼写。③整十位数序数词,将y变为ie,然后再加-th④几十几的序数词,十位数用基数词,个位数用序数词,中间加连字符“-”。⑤百、千、万等的序数词,由hundred, thousand, million等加-th,前面加基数词构成。[提醒]①使用序数词时,前面应加定冠词the,但序数词前如果已经有其他限定词,则不加thee.g: His first name is Mike. But I dont know his family name.   他的名词叫迈克。但我不知道他的姓。②序数词起副词作用时,前面不加thee.g: Daniel always comes first in maths exams. 丹尼尔总在数学考试中得第一。③序数词前可以加a/按,不强调顺序,表示“另一个,再一个”。e.g: Helen reads the text a second time. 海伦又把课文读了一遍。④序数词也可用缩写形式。    e.g: fourth-4th[拓展]英语中基数词变为序数词时,有一些特殊变化,口诀如下:一、二、三,单独记;八去t,九除eve要用f替;整十基数变序数,ty变成tie要是遇到两位数,十位基数个位序,th最后加上去。Integrated skillsYour house is really different from the flats here in our town.  你的房子和我们镇上的公寓房真的不一样。be different from...表示“与……不同”,本句中定冠词the不可省略,用于比较双方相同的事物。其反义短语为be the same as...,表示“与……相同”。e.g: Country life is different from city life. 乡村生活与城市生活不同。different的名词为difference,意为“不同点,不同的地方”。e.g: I can tell the differences between the two words.我能说出这两个单词的区别。 Your garden is full of flowers. 你的花园满是鲜花。be full of满是,充满,相当于be filled with[拓展]full形容词,意为“满的,饱的”,反义词分别为empty(空的),hungry(饿的)。e.g: Im full. I have enough. 我饱了。我吃得够多了。 I also have a bedroom of my own, but it is not big. 我也有一间自己的卧室,但是不大。of ones own属于某人自己的,原句中a bedroom of my own相当于my own bedroomon ones own表示“独自”。e.g: I have a car of my own. 我有一辆属于自己的轿车。Lily goes to school by bus on her own every day.莉莉每天独自坐公共汽车去上学。I hope to visit your home some day. 我希望将来有一天拜访你家。some day意为“将来有一天,总有一天”,也可写作someday,期中some表示“某个”,而不是“一些”。e.g: You will be sorry about it some day. 总有一天你会对这件事感到后悔的。Can I take a message? 我可以传个话吗? message名词,意为“消息,音信”,复数为messages固定短语:take a message 传个话,捎个口信。e.g: Lets leave her a message to meet us at the railway station.   让我们留个口信,让她到火车站去见我们吧。[拓展]message构成的短语有:send a message  发送信息leave a message  留下口信Can you ask him to call me back? 你能让他给我回个电话吗?call sb. back 给某人回电话,相当于ring/phone/telephone sb. backcall动词,意为“打电话”。[拓展]call动词, 意为"叫,喊"。e.g: I hear someone calling for help. 我听到有人在呼救。call动词,意为“访问,拜访”,常用短语有:call on sb. 拜访某人;call at sp. 访问某地。e.g: He wants to call on you at your office. 他明天想到你的办公室拜访你。[提醒]英语中“打电话给某人”的表达方式:call sb. (up)    ring sb. (up)    phone/telephone sb.give sb. a call   give sb. a ring   make a phone call to sb.TaskMy dream home is at the foot of a hill. 我梦想的家是在山脚下。at the foot of 在……脚下foot可表示“底部,下端”the foot of the page  页脚the foot of the stairs  楼梯底部There is a small town at the foot of the mountain. 山脚下有一个小镇。[拓展]类似的短语有:at the top of  在……顶部in the middle of 在……中间at the bottom of 在……底部hill名词,意为“小山”,in the hill在山上。[辨析]hillmountainhill指小山丘,比mountain小;mountain指比较大的山,比hill大。I would like to invite my friends to watch films with me at the weekend.  我想要邀请我的朋友们在周末和我去看电影。invite意为“邀请”,invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某地。该短语中,当表示地点的词是副词时,省略toe.g: Youd better invite him here. 你最好邀请他到这儿来。[注意]invite后还可接动词不定式作宾语补足语,即invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事。e.g: He doesnt invite me to play basketball with him.    他没有邀请我和他一起打篮球。1 ---- Kate, can you get _________ chalk for Miss Zhang?  ----Certainly.A. a    B. the    C. some    D. any2 When the Spring Festival comes, children can’t _________ get red packets from their parents and grandparents.A. wait for    B. wait to    C. look for      D. look out3 The students will visit ________ Summer Palace _______ Tuesday afternoon.A. /, on      B. /, in     C. the, on    D. the, in4. It __________ great to watch Royal Madrid on TV tonight.A. listens      B. hears     C. sounds      D. listens to5. Lin Tao and I live in the same building. But he lives two floors ______ me.A. on      B. over    C. under      D. above6. He is quite polite and friendly _____ others.  A. for           B. with            C. to           D. at7. It’s nice to live in a small town in Thailand, but it ______.   A. rain a lot       B. rains a lot       C. rain a lot of        D. rains a lot of8. I often do my homework in my study ______ 700 and 900.   A. after         B. before          C. between           D. in 9. Jim with his cousin ________ TV now.    A. are watching     B. is watching       C. watch        D. watches10. There are about two ______ workers in that factory.   A. hundreds      B. hundreds of      C. thousand of          D. ThousandTonys mum looks young and beautiful. Its hard to imagine she is already in her______ fifties    B. Fifty     C.fiftieths    D. FiftiethThe boy isnt _______ his mother,but he _____ his mother very much.A. like,likes      B. like,like     C. look like, likes  D. looks like, like13. Can  you  hear it? _______ is singing Beijing Opera  in the park.A. Some old  people   B. Some one   C.Anyone  D.  Someone14It rains a lot in Thailand.(同义句)   There ____________________ in Thailand.15.我们还能在别的地方买到这种台灯?Where _______ can we buy__________________?  16.下个月我将去和我姑姑住一阵子。 I’ll ___________ for some days next month.17. There ________a welcome party for the new students from the USA  next  week.18.Would you please _____(not  turn) off  the light?19.Sandy often finishes doing her homework when it is 11 oclock at  night.(同义句) Sandy  often ______ her homework_______  11 oclock  at night.The computer on the desk is________.twins      B. the twins    C. the  twins    D .  The twins21. Jims mother was ill ________ for three days.  A. on the bed    B. in bed    C. in the bed    D. on be
     

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