初中英语人教版八年级下册全册知识点整理（重点词组+语法要点+重点句子+必背语段）（分单元编排）

八年级英语下册知识点

Unit1

【重要词组】

1.each part of the body

2.have a cold

3.have a fever

4.have a stomachache

5.have a sore back

6.have a sore throat

7.talk too much

8.hot tea with honey

9.see a dentist

10.get an X-ray

11.take one’s temperature

12.put some medicine on it

13.in the same way

14.take breaks

15.lie on the side of the road

16.get off

17.have a heart problem

18.thanks to…

19.in time

20.health problems

21.put one’s head down

22.take risks

23.be used to doing sth.

24.lose one’s life

25.because of…

26.in a very dangerous situation

27.run out

28.run out of…

29.be ready to do…

30.save one’s own life

31.cut off…

32.the importance of making good decisions

33.in control of one’s life

34.keep on doing sth.

35.between a rock and hard place

【语法要点】

What’s the matter?

I have a stomachache.

You shouldn’t eat so much next time.

What’s the matter with Ben?

He hurt himself.He has a sore back.

He should lie down and rest.

Do you have a fever?

Yes ,I do./ No, I don’t./I don’t know.

Does he have a toothache?

Yes, he does.He should see a dentist and get an X-ray

What should she do?

She should take her temperature.

Should I put some medicine on it?

Yes, you should./ No, you shouldn’t.

【重要句子】

1.bus No.26 was going along Zhonghua Road when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road.

2.The bus driver,24-year-old Wang Ping ,stopped the bus without thinking twice

3.Thanks to Mr.Wang and the passengers, the man was saved by the doctors in time.

4.There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents.

5.After losing his arm, he wrote a book called Between a Rock and Hard Place.

6.This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of.

7.It’s sad that many people don’t want to help others because they don’t want any trouble.

8.But the driver didn’t think about himself.He only thought about saving a life.

9.He expected most or all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus.

【必背语段】

After losing his arm, he wrote a book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place.This means being in difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of .In this book ,Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions, and of being control of one’s life.His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience.

   Do we have the same spirit as Aron?  Let’s think about it before we find ourselves “between a rock and a hard place”, and before we have to make a decision that could mean life or death.

在失去手臂后，他写了一本名叫《两难决策》的书。他的意思是“处于一个你似乎无法摆脱的困境中”，阿伦讲述了做出好的决定和掌控生命的重要性。他如此的热爱登山，以至于这次经历后，他仍然坚持登山。

我们拥有与阿伦一样的精神吗？让我们在面临两难决策或者面临生死不得不做出决定之前，想想它吧！

Unit2

【重要词组】

1.clean up

2.cheer up

3.give out

4.at the food bank

5.come up with

6.put off

7.make a plan

8.put up

9.make some notices

10.hand out

11.call up

12.care for

13.give up

14.a strong feeling of satisfaction

15.the look of joy

16.at the age of four

17.try out

18.a dream come true

19.at the same time

20.volunteer to help others

21.an animal doctor

22.be busy with my studies

23.at least

24.the book sale

25.run out of

26.take after

27.fix up

28.give away

29.be similar to

30.in the correct order

31.discuss with

32.set up

33.disabled people

34.think about

35.a special trained dog

36.be excited about

37.a photo of him

38.a call-in center

【语法要点】（动词不定式 ：to+动词原形）

I’d like to help homeless people.（宾语）

She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.（宾语）

You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up.（宾语补足语）

Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job.（宾语补足语）

She volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read.（目的状语）

I’m making some signs to put up around the school.（定语）

【重要句子】

1.They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.

2.I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better and the look of joy on their owners’ faces.

3.She could read by herself at the age of four.

4.Volunteering here is a dream come true for me.

5.You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.

6.She talked to Animal Helpers about getting me a special trained dog.

7.She still works there once a week to help kids learn to read.

8.The kids are sitting in the library, but you can see in their eyes that they’re going on a different journey with each new book.

9.I can do what I love to do and help others at the same time.

10.Mario works for an animal hospital because he wants to learn about how to care for animals.

【必背语段】

Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make a lot of money.In their free time, they think about what to do for fun.However, few people think about what they can do to help others.There are many people who are less lucky than us.Volunteering our time to help these people is a good way to spend our free time.For example, we can make plans to visit sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people.Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year to move to another place, like one of the countries in Africa, and help people there.

Unit3

【重点词组】

1.do the dishes

2.take out the rubbish

3.fold the clothes

4.sweep the floor

5.make the bed

6.clean the living room

7.do these chores

8.make polite requests

9.ask for permission

10.no problem

11.go out for dinner

12.go to the movies

13.stay out late

14.get a ride

15.work on

16.help out

17.at least

18.finish doing sth.

19.be angry with sb.

20.solve the problem

21.read the story

22.come home from school

23.throw down

24.take the dog for a walk

25.all day

26.all evening

27.around the house

28.last month

29.the next day

30.in surprise

31.share the housework

32.as soon as

33.hang out

34.lend me some money/lend some money to me

35.try not to do sth/try to do sth

36.hate to do sth.

37.go to the movies

38.invite my friends to a party

39.a waste of time

40.in order to

41.a clean and comfortable environment

42.depend on

43.develop children’s independence

44.the idea of fairness

45.have no idea

46.look after/ take care of

47.as a result

48.fall ill

49.get into a good university

50.spend time on…

【语法要点】

Could I go out for dinner with my friends?

Sure, that should be OK.

Could we get something to drink after the movie?

No, you can’t.You have a basketball game tomorrow.

Could you please take the dog for a walk?

Ok, but I want to watch one show first.

Could you please take out the rubbish?

Yes, sure.

【重点句子】

1.Could you please help out with a few things?

2.…because Mom will be back from shopping any minute now.

3.It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children.

4.And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult.

5.The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future.

6.I think two hours of TV is enough for you.

7.The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over .

8.For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I.

9.Finally, I couldn’t find a clean dish or a clean shirt.

10.The next day, my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy.

11.I finally understand that we need to share the housework to have a clean and comfortable home.

12.They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university.

13.Also when they get older, they will have to do house work so there is no need for them to do it now.

【必背语段】

I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework.It is not enough to just get good grades at school.Children these days depend on their parents too much.They are always asking “Could you get this for me?” or “Could you help me with that?”.Doing chores helps to develop children’s independence and teaches them how to look after themselves.It also helps them understand the idea of fairness.Since they live in one house with their parents , they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.Our neighbors’ son got into a good college but during his first year, he had no idea how to take care of himself.As a result, he often fell ill and his grades dropped.The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future.

我认为孩子们学会做家务，帮助父母做家务是很重要的，仅仅在学校取得好成绩是不够的。现在孩子们非常依赖父母，他们总是问“你可以去给我拿这个吗”或者“你可以帮我做那个吗”做家务可以帮助孩子养成独立的品格，而且可以教会他们如何照顾自己。也可以帮助他们理解公平的意义。既然他们与父母住在同一个屋子里，他们就应该参与家务劳动，保持家里干净整洁。我的领居的孩子进入了一所好的大学，但在第一年，他不知道怎么照顾自己，结果是常常生病，成绩下降。因此，孩子越早学会独立，对自己的未来越好。

Unit4

【重点词组】

1.talk to

2.too much homework

3.too many after-school classes

4.get into a fight with my friends/fight with my friends/have a fight with my friends

5.allow sb.to do sth

6.allow doing sth

7.get enough sleep

8.go to sleep

9.write him a letter/write a letter to him

10.call him up

11.take him to the ball game

12.talk about it on the phone

13.wait that long

14.surprise him

15.so that

16.look through

17.give back

18.be angry with her

19.work out

20.get on with/get along with

21.communicate with sb./have a communication with sb.

22.all the time

23.a big deal

24.compare A with B

25.leave sth +介词短语/left your umbrella on the bus

26 be afraid of sth/be afraid of doing sth

26.play sports

27.spend time alone

28.compete with my classmates

29.the common problem

30.a typical American family

31.football training

32.cut out

33.in my opinion

34.not …until

35.agree with…

36.disagree with…

37.write your own advice

38.have a quick dinner/have dinner quickly

39.in the appropriate box

【语法要点】

You look tired.What’s the matter?

I studied until midnight last night so I didn’t get enough sleep.

What should I do?

Why don’t you forget about it? Although she’s wrong, it’s not a big deal.

What should he do?

He should talk to his friend so that he can say he’s sorry.

Maybe you could go to his house.

I guess I could, but I don’t want to surprise him.

【重点句子】

1.Hope things work out.

2.Maybe I could cut out a few of their activities, but I believe these activities are important for my children’s  future.

3.People shouldn’t push their kids so hard.

4.I have too much homework so I don’t have any free time to do things I like.

5.I found my sister looking through my things yesterday.

6.Why don’t you forget it so that you can be friends again.

7.When they argue, it’s like a big ,black cloud hanging over our home.

8.Maybe you could do more jobs around the house so that they have more time for proper communication.

9.You should explain that you don’t mind him watching TV all the time.

10.You shouldn’t wait until the last minute to study for a test.

11.Although it’s normal to want successful children, it’s even more important to have happy children.

【必背语段】

Idon’t really agree with the idea of sending children to after-school classes.I think these classes can cause a lot of stress for children.And too much stress is not good for a child’s development.In my opinion, parents should talk with their children about whether they are willing to take after-school classes.I believe it’s better if parents show their respect so that there will be a good result.Perhaps communication is useful for both parents and children.

If children have more time to relax and think for themselves, they will have a happy childhood

我真的不赞同送小孩去课外辅导班，我认为这些课会给孩子带来很多压力，而且太大的压力对孩子的发展不好。在我看来，父母应该与孩子讨论是否愿意去参加课外辅导班。我相信如果父母尊重孩子，将会有个好的结果。或许交流沟通对父母与孩子都是有用的。

如果孩子有更多的时间来放松自我，为自己考虑，他们将会有一个快乐的童年。

Unit7

【重点词组】

1.in the world

2.the highest mountain

3.all the salt lakes

4.talk about geography and nature

5.the biggest population

6.one of the oldest countries

7.the ancient emperors

8.as far as I know

9.as you can see

10.spirit of climbers

11.achievement of climbers

12.facts and dangers

13.mountain climbing

14.freezing weather conditions

15.heavy storms

16.take in air

17.the first people to reach the top

18.risk one’s life

19.challenge oneself

20.in face of difficulties

21.the forces of nature

22.achieve our dreams/make our dream come true

23.at birth

24.live up to twenty years old

25.run over to...

26.walk into sb.

27.fall over

28.a symbol of China

29.every two years

30.die from illnesses

31.ten kilos of bamboo

32.cut down

33.an education program

34.other endangered wild animals

35.the importance of saving these animals

36.send sb.To a place

37.feel free to do sth./feel free to ask me anything

【语法要点】

What’s the highest mountain in the world?

Qomolangma.

How high is the Qomolangma?

It’s 8,844.43 meters high.It’s higher than any other mountain.

Which is the deepest salt lake in the world?

The Caspian Sea is the deepest of all the salt lakes.

Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world?

Yes, I did.It’s much older than the US.

【重要句子】

1 Feel free to ask me anything on today’s Great Wall tour.

2.As far as I know, there are no other man-made objects as big as this.

3.Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms.

4.The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.

5.When the babies see the keepers,they run over to them with excitement and some of the young pandas even walk in their friends and fall over.

6.Scientists say there are now fewer than 2000 pandas living in the forests.

7.The main reason was to protect their part of the country.

8.The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China.

9.It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top of the mountains.

10.This elephant weighs many times more than this panda.

11.Scientists are doing research to better understand the habits of pandas.

12.They send people to school to tell children about the importance of saving these animals.

13.As the forests get smaller and other human activities cause more problems, pandas cannot find enough to eat and they are having fewer babies.

【必背语段】

Why do so many climbers risk their lives? One of the main reasons is that people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties .The spirit of these climbers show us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams .It also shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than the forces of nature.

Unit 8

【重点词组】

1go out to sea

2 an island full of treasures/an island filled with treasures

3 put down

4 hurry up

5 at least

7 arrive on this island

8 learn to grow fruit and vegetables

9 a few weeks ago

10 the marks of another man’s feet

11 can’t wait to do sth.

12 your favourite singer or musician

13 the number of people

14 a number of people

15 used to fight over almost everything with her family

16 study abroad

17 a song full of feelings about returning home

18 on the radio

19 ever since then

20 a traditional kind of music

21 the home of country music

22 the importance of money and success

23 belong to

24 each other/ one another

25 the beauty of nature

26 do some research on sth.

27 one of the most successful musicians

28 in American history

29 keep on doing

30 grow up

31 at the end of the day

32 bring back

33 be due to do sth./ be due for sth.

【语法要点】

Have you read Little Women yet?

Yes ,I have.No, I haven’t.

Has Tina read Treasure Island yet?

Yes, she has.She thinks it’s fantastic.

Have you decided which book to write about yet?

Yes,I have.I’ve already finished reading it.It was really good.

【重点句子】

1 Have you at least read the back of the book to see what it’s about.

2 The book report is due in two weeks.

3 I hope to see him sing live one day.

4 Oliver Twist is about a boy who goes out to sea and find an island full of treasures.

5 The book was really great , so I couldn’t put it down.

6 Although I have lost everything, I haven’t lost my life.

7 I named him Friday because that was the day I met him.

8 Not long after that, I saw some cannibals trying to kill two men from a broken ship.

9 Every time she is in the library, Sally looks at the many books she hasn’t read yet and she can’t wait to read them.

10 It made Sarah think about her family and friends back in the US.

11 But five years ago, while she was studying abroad in England, she heard a song full of feelings about returning home on the radio.

12 She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them.

13 Sarah hasn’t been to Nashville yet, but it is her dream to go there one day.

【必背语段】

Country is a traditional kind of music from the southern states of America.Nashville,Tennessee is the home of country music.Many songs these days are just about modern life in the US,such as the importance of money and success,but not about belonging to a group.However,country music brings us back to the "good old days"when people were kind to each other and trusted one another.It reminds us that the best things in life are free—laughter,friends,family,and the beauty of nature and the countryside.

Unit 9

【重点词组】

1 National Science Museum

2 past experiences

3 a history museum

4 an amusement park with special theme

5 Nature Museum

6 somewhere different

7 the space museum

8 the map of the town

9 last year

10 have a great time

11 take the subway

12 the film museum

13 camp in the mountain

14 put up a tent

15 in such a rapid way

16 information about different computers

17 in the future

18 so many different kinds of toilets

19 the history and development of toilets

20 government and social groups

21 think about

22 a couple of times

23 try Chinese food

24 the Palace Museum

25 the Terracotta Army

26 the Great Wall

27 the Bird’s Nest

28 thousands of ...

29 in Southeast Asia

30 on the one hand...on the other hand

31 more than

32 three quarters of population

33 an English speaking country

34 all year round

35 during the daytime

36 in a normal zoo

37 hear of

【语法要点】

Have you ever been to a science museum?

Yes , I’ve been to a science museum.

Have you ever visited the space museum?

Yes, I have.I went there last year.

I’ve been to the art museum.

Me, too.And I’ve also visited the nature museum.

I’ve never been to a water park.

Me, neither.

【重点句子】

1 I learned about the inventions that led to color movies,too.

2 I wonder how much more computers will be able to do in the future.

3 Watching the tea preparation is just as enjoyable as drinking the tea itself.

4 It’s a great way to spend a Saturday afternoon.

5 It’s unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way.

6 It also encourage government and social groups to think about ways to improve toilets in the future.

7 The tea art performances show how to make a perfect cup of tea with beautiful tea sets.

8 It might seem strange to go to a zoo when it’s dark.

【必背语段】

Singapore -A Place You Will Never Forget

Have you ever been to Singapore? For thousands of tourists from China,this small island in Southeast Asia is a wonderful and safe place to take a holiday.On the one hand, more than three quarters of population are Chinese, so you can simply speak Putonghua a lot of time.On the other hand,  Singapore is an English-speaking country, so it's also a good place to practice your English!

Have you ever tried Chinese food outside of China? Maybe you fear that you won't be able to find anything good to eat when you travel.In Singapore, however,you’ll find a lot of food from China;you won't have any problem getting rice,noodles or dumplings.Singapore is also an excellent place to try new food.Whether you like Indian food, Western food or Japanese food,

You’ ll find it all in Singapore!

Most large cities have zoos,but have you ever been to a zoo at night? Singapore has a Night Safari.It might seem strange to go to a zoo when it's dark.However,if you go to see lions,tigers or foxes during the daytime,they'll

probably be asleep! A lot of animals only wake up at might,so this is the best time to watch them.At the Night Safari,you can watch these animals in a more natural environment than in a normal zoo.

One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round.This is because the island is so close to the equator.So you can choose to go whenever you like ——spring,summer,autumn or winter.And, of course, it's not too far from China!

Unit10

【重点词组】

1 have a yard sale

2more than 10 years

3 bring back sweet memories

4 give old things away to people in need

5 a couple of months

6 a bit old

7 check out

8 clear out

9 part with

10 to be honest

11 grow up

12 one of the oldest buildings

13 millions of Chinese

14 leave the countryside

15 search for/ look for

16 return home/go back home

17 according to...

18 such a happy childhood

19 hometown feeling

20 among these

21 stay the same

22 opposite the school

23 quite a symbol of the place

24 most of the children in my time

25 in order to

26 so far

27 last November

【语法要点】

How long have you had that bike over there?

I have it for three years.

How long has his son owned the train and railway set?

He’s owned it since his fourth birthday.

Have you ever played football?

Yes, I did when I was little, But I haven’t played for a while now.

【重点句子】

1 I’ve had this magazine for a couple of months.

2 We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use.

3 As for me, I did not want to give up my football shirts, but, to be honest, I have not played for a while now.

4 It’s a shame,but I just don’t have the time.

5 Our hometown has left many soft and sweet memories in our hearts.

6 Many people like Zhong Wei regard with great interest how their hometowns have changed.

7 In many places, the government has also built new schools and sent teachers from the cities the help.

8 Army wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories.

9 You can also give old things away to people in need.

10 These stories inside may be a bit old, but they’re still interesting.

【必背语段】

Many Chinese people these days leave their hometown to work in cities.They usually return to their hometown one or two times a year.Zhong Wei hasn’t been back in close to three years.He has been working in a crayon factory in Wenzhou for the past thirteen years.

People like him are interested in how their hometown are changing.New buildings are often built by the government.Zhong Wei thinks thee changes are good because things need to change in order to become better.But he also thinks some things will never change, and his hometown is still the place that holds all his childhood memories.