2022-2023学年陕西省安康市高二下学期开学摸底考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年陕西省安康市高二下学期开学摸底考试英语试题含解析，共33页。试卷主要包含了15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
 2022～2023学年第二学期开学摸底考试
高二英语试题
本试卷共8页。全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试题和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £ 19.15. B. £ 9.18. C. £ 9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the man do?
A. Listen to the radio. B. Look after the baby. C. Do some exercise.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Please turn off the radio. The baby is sleeping.
M: OK. I’d better go out to do some exercise.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the weather like now?
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: What shall we do now? I have been staying at home for two days.
W: It’s raining hard now. Maybe it will clear up soon. Then we can go to the park.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which house is the woman looking for?
A. The one with a pool in the garden.
B. The one next to a bookstore.
C. The one with a garage.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: How can I find your house?
M: You can’t miss it. It’s beside a bookstore opposite a house with a pool in the garden. We haven’t got a garage so you’ll have to park in the street.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does the woman refuse to go with the man?
A. He has had some wine. B. She lives nearby. C. She can take the last bus home.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Oh, no. It’s ten past eleven! I’ve missed the last bus!
M: Never mind. I’ll take you home. It’s no trouble.
W: No, don’t do that. It’s too far and you’ve had quite a few glasses of wine.
M: You got a point there.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where are the speakers?
A. In a supermarket. B. In a library. C. In a cinema.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: How long can I keep this business book?
M: There’s quite a long waiting list for that book. So I can let you have it until Tuesday at the latest.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22,5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. What is probably the woman?
A. A teacher. B. A student. C. A director.
7. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Colleagues. C. Boss and employee.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: It’s good to enjoy Teachers’ Day! Teachers can have a short holiday. I will go to the new department store to buy new clothes.
M: We can have a short rest during Teachers’ Day! As time goes by, good feelings will fade. After Teachers’ Day, every task that should be done will be continued.
W: So before Teachers’ Day, we should keep smart at our work.
M: Right. Let’s do it together.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. Where does Mike come from?
A. London. B. Canada. C. New Zealand.
9. What does the woman think of Mike?
A. He is helpful. B. He is humorous. C. He is strong.
【答案】8. C 9. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, Mike! Merry Christmas!
M: Thanks. Merry Christmas to you. This Christmas is special to me.
W: Special? Do you mean this is your first Christmas in Canada?
M: Yes. And it is also the first time that I have seen snow during the Christmas season. You know it’s summer now in New Zealand.
W: Oh, best wishes for a real white Christmas. I have a small present for you.
M: That’s very kind of you, Susan, and I have a card for you.
W: Thanks, Mike. I would also like to say thanks to you for all the help you have given to me in my study.
M: It’s my pleasure.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

10. What color is the man’s shirt now?
A. Bright red. B. Light pink. C. Bright pink.
11. How did the man wash his shirt?
A. He had it dry-cleaned.
B. He washed it by hand.
C. He washed it in a washing machine.
12. What will the man probably do in the end?
A. Keep his shirt. B. Return his shirt. C. Change his shirt.
【答案】10. B 11. C 12. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Excuse me?
W: Yes, how can I help you?
M: Do you see this shirt, I bought it here a few weeks ago, but the first time I washed it, the color changed. It went from bright red to light pink.
W: How did you wash it?
M: I thought about dry cleaning, but at last I just threw it into the washing machine with my other clothes. You know I don’ t like to wash it by hand.
W: What temperature did you use?
M: I usually wash my clothes at hot water, so I guess the temperature is high.
W: Well, did you check the washing instructions?
M: Maybe not.
W: Well, you see here. It says washing in cold water only.
M: Oh, no!
W: So I’ m really sorry, but since you didn’t follow the washing instructions, I can’ t really do anything for you.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

13. What is the man going to do this summer holiday?
A. Travel abroad. B. Go camping. C. Visit his aunt.
14. Where will the woman spend her summer holiday?
A. In Spain. B. In China. C. In Australia.
15. What trouble did the man have abroad last time?
A. He couldn’t speak Chinese.
B. He failed to reach his mates.
C. He couldn’t understand the local language.
16. What will the man have to work on?
A. Math. B. Painting. C. Chinese.
【答案】13. B 14. B 15. C 16. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Nathan.
M: Hi, Emily. Nearly the summer holiday!
W: Yeah. Are you going anywhere with your family?
M: We are going this big trip to Australia next year, so my parents have decided on a camping trip here in Spain. Actually, my cousin stayed at a good campsite earlier this year, so we are going there.
W: Cool. Well, this year my mum has decided we are going to visit my aunt who is working in China, but we will be away a long time and I won’ t see my friends.
M: Do you know Chinese?
W: A few words.
M: Last time we went abroad, we had some trouble. Whenever we asked people for directions, we couldn’t understand what they were saying.
W: Oh, I hope that won’ t happen to us. Anyway, how are you spending the rest of the school holiday?
M: My dad says he wants me to help with some painting.
W: That’ s a pain.
M: I don’ t mind much, as long as there is still time to see my mates. The annoying thing is, because my math grade wasn’t too good this year, he has told me I have to work on it this summer, too.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17. Who are the listeners?
A. Visitors. B. Students. C. New employees.
18. What can Nat West account provide?
A. A free driving lesson.
B. Free mobile phone insurance.
C. Discounts on train fares in Britain.
19. What do the three banks have in common?
A. They provide free life insurance.
B. They have many branches in Britain.
C. They don’t charge interests if customers are overdrawn.
20. What is the interest rate of HSBC credit card?
A. 18.8%. B. 18.9%. C. 19.9%.
【答案】17. B 18. C 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Right, the next part of my talk is about the banks in Britain and their student services. I hope you can listen to me carefully. Then you can choose a suitable bank for yourself.First of all, the NatWest account. This account charges you nothing if you’re overdrawn. Besides, you can get a credit card and the interest rate for that is about 18.9% per year. Also, the bank offers discounts on train fares in Britain. The second account is Barclays. Like the NatWest account, this account charges you nothing if you’re overdrawn. In addition, this bank offers a credit card with an interest rate of 19.9%. With this account, students also get free mobile phone insurance. I imagine that’s popular with many of you. But I’m afraid there aren’t many branches in Britain. Right, now the HSBC account. This account charges you nothing if you’re overdrawn. In addition, there’s a credit card and the interest rate is 18. 8%. As well as this, students get a free driving lesson. So, that’s an overview of the three main banks and their student accounts. Are there any questions?
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
If you think being a teenager is hard think again. Raising a teenager is a lot harder. Beginning at thirteen, your kids will be wanting (demanding, actually) more freedom and independence. They already know what their interests and wants are. But that doesn’t mean you should stop guiding them (especially when it comes to reading). Here are 4 highly recommended books for your teenagers:
The Martian
by Andy Weir $9.76
In the year 2035, NASA sends off the crew of Ares 3 to Mars for a planned month-long stay. However, a strong storm threatened to trap them on the planet and a hurried withdrawal follows. Mark Watney is left behind when he was believed dead. Now, he has to learn how to survive alone another planet until help comes back for him.
Big Bones
by Laura Dockrill $7.98
Bluebelle is a sixteen-year-old overweight girl, who was told by nurse that she was “obese” and was forced to lose weight through using a food diary. But she is perfectly happy with how she looks and uses the food diary to tell the story of her everyday life instead.
The Boy in the Striped Pajamas
by John Boyne $7.98
Bruno is a nine-year-old during the Second World War. He moved to Auschwitz with his family when his father was promoted as a commandant (司令官). When he explores his new home, he meets a boy wearing stripped pajamas who lives at the other end of the fence. They become fast friends.
Fangirl
by Rainbow Rowell $10.97
It’s Cath’s freshman year in the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, and her twin sister wants nothing to do with her. She’s having a hard time adjusting to life in college because of her social anxiety disorder. Add in a challenging fiction-writing class, a friendly writing partner, a new roommate, and a complicated relationship, and what to do you get? An interestingly confusing life that is, and all Cath wants is to finish her fan fiction in peace.
21. Which will readers probably buy if they like science fiction?
A. Fangirl. B. Big Bones.
C. The Martian. D. The Boy in the Striped Pajamas.
22. What can we learn about the book Fangirl?
A. It is about adventure in childhood. B. It mainly deals with life in college.
C. It is the cheapest one among the four. D. It is the masterpiece of Rainbow Rowell.
23. Who are the text intended for?
A. College students. B. Teenagers aged 13-15.
C. Parents with young teenagers. D. Adults interested in writing.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了适合青少年阅读的几本书。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Martian中的“In the year 2035, NASA sends off the crew of Ares 3 to Mars for a planned month-long stay.”（在2035年，美国宇航局将派遣战神3号宇航员前往火星，计划在那里停留一个月。）以及“Now, he has to learn how to survive alone another planet until help comes back for him.”（现在，他必须学会如何在另一个星球上独自生存，直到有人来帮助他。）由此可知，如果读者喜欢科幻小说，他们可能会买The Martian。故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Fangirl 中的“It’s Cath’s freshman year in the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, and her twin sister wants nothing to do with her. She’s having a hard time adjusting to life in college because of her social anxiety disorder. Add in a challenging fiction-writing class, a friendly writing partner, a new roommate, and a complicated relationship, and what to do you get?”（这是Cath在内布拉斯加林肯大学的大一新生，她的双胞胎妹妹不想和她有任何关系。由于社交焦虑症，她很难适应大学生活。再加上一门富有挑战性的小说写作课，一个友好的写作伙伴，一个新的室友，以及一段复杂的关系，你会得到什么?）由此可知，Fangirl主要涉及大学生活。故选B项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“If you think being a teenager is hard, think again. Raising a teenager is a lot harder. Beginning at thirteen, your kids will be wanting (demanding, actually) more freedom and independence. They already know what their interests and wants are. But that doesn’t mean you should stop guiding them (especially when it comes to reading). Here are 4 highly recommended books for your teenagers:”（如果你认为青少年很难，那就再想想吧。抚养一个十几岁的孩子要难得多。从13岁开始，你的孩子会想要(实际上是要求)更多的自由和独立。他们已经知道自己的兴趣和需求是什么。但这并不意味着你应该停止引导他们(尤其是在阅读方面)。这里有4本强烈推荐给青少年的书。）可知，短文是针对有青少年的父母。故选C项。
B
At Beijing’s Palace Museum, it sometimes seems that time stands still, but the clocks keep ticking at a small workshop. This is where clock conservator Qi Haonan works. As the fourth generation to repair and restore antique clocks at the museum since 1949, Qi has returned more than 100 timepieces to their former glory.
“What amazes me most about these clocks is that they combine the scientific advances, technological precision and the trend in decorative art of their particular era. I want to enable more people to marvel(惊叹) at the mechanics,” Qi says, adding that through short-video platforms, where his accounts have attracted more than 3 million followers, he can share with a wider audience just how magnificent the clocks are when they are fully functional.
“These clocks are rare treasures, not only serving as a plaything for emperors, but also witnessing the development of the mechanical weaving machine,” Qi says. He noted that the job requires extreme patience, because clock restoration is a dull and meticulous(一丝不苟) process, adding that it is proof positive of the proverb “haste makes waste” and, in this case, haste can do a great deal of damage.
Although the antique clock repairing techniques at the Palace Museum were listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2014, it was a little-known skill and in short supply of career candidates before 2016, when three-part TV documentary, Masters in the Forbidden City, brought the profession into the national consciousness. Before the release of the documentary, for a decade it had just been he and his mentor Wang Jin doing the job. They tried to recruit graduates from college, but nobody applied. Qi didn’t expect that the documentary would make that profession a big hit. As a result, in 2017, Qi got two apprentices(学徒) and Wang got three.
“With the rising attention and influence, antique clock restoration can not only be further developed, but also be expanded to more museums that house antique clocks and watches,” Qi says.
24. What impressed Qi most with the antique clocks?
A. The glory of serving emperors.
B. The charm of decorative styles.
C. The combination of multi-field skills.
D. The magnificence of advanced technology.
25 Why is the proverb “haste makes waste” mentioned in paragraph 3?
A. To warn the possible damage. B. To explain the needed qualities.
C. To popularize the wise proverb. D. To emphasize the rare treasures.
26. What can we infer about Masters in the Forbidden City?
A. It introduces jobs to graduates.
B. It reveals unknown professions.
C. It records the history of documentaries.
D. It attracts tourists to the Palace Museum.
27. What does Qi think of the future of antique clock restoration?
A. Promising. B. Unpredictable. C. Declining. D. Stable.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. B 27. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章从亓昊楠的视角讲述了故宫古钟表修复工作。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“What amazes me most about these clocks is that they combine the scientific advances, technological precision and the trend in decorative art of their particular era. (这些钟表最让我惊讶的是，它们结合了科学的进步、技术的精确和那个特定时代的装饰艺术潮流)”可知，这些古钟表多领域功能的结合让亓昊楠印象深刻。故选C。

【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“He noted that the job requires extreme patience, because clock restoration is a dull and meticulous (一丝不苟) process, adding that it is proof positive of the proverb “haste makes waste” and, in this case, haste can do a great deal of damage.(他指出，这项工作需要极大的耐心，因为时钟恢复是一项枯燥而细致的工作。他补充道，这证明了谚语“欲速则不达”的正确性，在这种情况下，欲速则会造成很大的损害)”可知，古钟表的维修工作需要极大的耐心，修得快则有可能造成很大的损害。由此推知，提到“haste makes waste”是为了说明修古钟表需要的品质——耐心、细致。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Although the antique clock repairing techniques at the Palace Museum were listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2014, it was a little-known skill and in short supply of career candidates before 2016, when three-part TV documentary, Masters in the Forbidden City, brought the profession into the national consciousness. (尽管2014年故宫博物院的古董钟修复技艺被列为国家级非物质文化遗产，但在2016年之前，这是一项鲜为人知的技能，而且在此之前，专业人才短缺。2016年，三集电视纪录片Masters in the Forbidden City将这一职业带入了国民意识)”推知，Masters in the Forbidden City揭露了鲜为人知的职业——古钟表修复。故选B。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““With the rising attention and influence, antique clock restoration can not only be further developed, but also be expanded to more museums that house antique clocks and watches,” Qi says.(亓说：“随着人们的关注度和影响力不断提高，古董钟修复不仅可以得到进一步发展，还可以扩展到更多收藏古董钟表的博物馆。”)”推知，亓昊楠认为古钟表修复的未来是光明的。古选A。
C
Discoveries at the famous Sanxingdui ruins in Southwest China show that the region’s ancient Shu Kingdom Civilization shared similarities with the Maya.
The Sanxingdui ruins, located in the city of Guanghan, about 60 kilometers from Chengdu, belonged to the Shu Kingdom that existed at least 4,800 years ago and lasted more than 2,000 years, while the Mayan civilization built its city states around 200 AD.
The bronze-made remains of trees unearthed at the ruins of the Shu Kingdom resemble the sacred ceiba tree, which symbolied the union of heaven, earth and the underworld In the Mayan civilization. “They are very important similarities,” says Santos, a Mexican archaeologist, stressing that “the representations of tees in both cultures provide a symbolism that is very similar”.
One notable feature of the recent discoveries at Sanxingdui was the cross-subject work and technology applied by teams of Chinese archaeologists, which allowed the unearthing of artifacts as fragile as silk remains, which other types of less careful digging methods would not have been able to manage.
Cooperation between Chinese and Mexican archaeologists could benefit projects in the Maya world, where the rainy climate and humidity are problematic for the conservation of ruins.
“Every time our cultural knowledge increases, regardless of whether we speak one language or another, what it shows us is that we continue to be sister cultures and, therefore, the exchange of such knowledge is fundamental,” says Santos.
28. What is a similarity between the Shu Kingdom and Maya civilization?
A. Their starting time. B. Their historical origins.
C. Their cultural symbols. D. Their ceremony traditions.
29. What is a common challenge for the conservation of both ruins?
A. Damp weather. B. Positioning of ruins.
C. High latitude. D. Language barriers.
30 What is the focus of Santos quote in the last paragraph?
A. The future of the China-Mexico cooperation.
B. The benefits of speaking a different language.
C. The importance of the exchange of cultural knowledge.
D. The increasing sisterhood in culture between China and Mexico.
31. Where is this text most likely from?
A. Ahistorical novel. B. A newspaper. C. A research review. D. A guidebook.
【答案】28. C 29. A 30. C 31. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了中国西南部著名的三星堆遗址的发现表明，该地区的古蜀国文明与玛雅文明有相似之处。文章介绍了蜀国和玛雅文明的相似之处，以及保护这两个遗址的共同挑战和交流的重要性。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The bronze-made remains of trees unearthed at the ruins of the Shu Kingdom resemble the sacred ceiba tree, which symbolied the union of heaven, earth and the underworld In the Mayan civilization. “They are very important similarities,” says Santos, a Mexican archaeologist, stressing that “the representations of trees in both cultures provide a symbolism that is very similar”.(在蜀国遗址出土的青铜器制成的树木遗迹类似于神圣的木棉树，在玛雅文明中，它象征着天堂、大地和阴间的结合。“它们是非常重要的相似之处，”墨西哥考古学家桑托斯说。他强调，“木棉树在两种文化中的象征意义非常相似”)”可知，蜀国和玛雅文明的相似之处是文化符号。故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Cooperation between Chinese and Mexican archaeologists could benefit projects in the Maya world, where the rainy climate and humidity are problematic for the conservation of ruins.(中国和墨西哥考古学家的合作可能有利于玛雅世界的项目，那里多雨的气候和湿度对遗址的保护是有问题的)”可知，保护这两个遗址的共同挑战是潮湿的天气。故选A。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““Every time our cultural knowledge increases, regardless of whether we speak one language or another, what it shows us is that we continue to be sister cultures and, therefore, the exchange of such knowledge is fundamental,” says Santos.(“我们的文化知识每增加一次，不管我们说的是一种语言还是另一种语言，它向我们表明，我们仍然是姐妹文化，因此，这种知识的交流是基本的，”桑托斯说)”可推知，桑托斯在最后一段引用的重点是文化知识交流的重要性。故选C。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Discoveries at the famous Sanxingdui ruins in Southwest China show that the region’s ancient Shu Kingdom Civilization shared similarities with the Maya.(中国西南部著名的三星堆遗址的发现表明，该地区的古蜀国文明与玛雅文明有相似之处)”文章还介绍了蜀国和玛雅文明的相似之处，以及保护这两个遗址的共同挑战和交流的重要性。由此推知，文章可能来自报纸。故选B。
D
While it may sound like something that has come out of your nightmares, cyborg cockroaches (蟑螂机器人) have arrived as friends rather than enemies.
Scientists in Japan have designed a new remote-controlled insect, equipped with a battery “backpack” that is powered by solar panels. The cockroach, which is part insect and part machine, is intended to enter dangerous areas, monitor the environment or undertake search and rescue missions without needing to be recharged. The researchers from the RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research had to install some items into a tiny pack to allow for all the cockroach’s natural movements.
Being able to survive the tough conditions, cockroaches, the ancient insects, have been the stimulus for a number of technologies in recent years. Therefore, different teams of scientists have designed various remote controlled robo-bugs (机器虫) that can climb walls, carry objects and find humans during search-and-rescue missions.
Previously, wires were attached to the cyborg cockroach’s two sensory organs to send electrical signals that caused the “insect” to move right or left. A battery was necessary for the sending and receiving of these electrical signals, which needed to be charged up.
So the RIKEN team wanted to create a more practical one. Finally, they designed an on-board solar cell that could continuously ensure that the cockroach stayed charged while it worked. The solution was to design a special “backpack” that could neatly carry both the wireless leg-control module and rechargeable battery. This was attached to the top of the insect, and was 3D printed to fit perfectly to the surface of the cyborg cockroach. It allowed this electronic device to be firmly fitted on the “insect” for over a month.
32. Why did the scientists in Japan design the cyborg cockroaches?
A. To help the disabled. B. To monitor the competitors.
C. To make an attempt at creation. D. To perform some tasks instead of humans.
33. What does the underlined word “stimulus” mean in paragraph 3?
A. Inspiration. B. Method. C. Product. D. Outcome.
34. How does the cyborg cockroach control its movement?
A. By batteries. B. By humans’ speech.
C. By the wireless legs. D. By the electrical signals.
35. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. Why scientists tried to improve the battery.
B. How scientists make full use of 3D technology.
C. How scientists invented more advanced cyborg cockroaches.
D. What scientists have done for designing a new backpack.
【答案】32. D 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述科学家发明了蟑螂机器人，这种新型机器人可用于搜索和救援。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“The cockroach, which is part insect and part machine, is intended to enter dangerous areas, monitor the environment or undertake search and rescue missions without needing to be recharged.(这种半昆虫半机器的蟑螂，可以在不充电的情况下进入危险区域、监测环境或执行搜索和救援任务)”可知，蟑螂机器人旨在进入危险区域，监测环境或执行搜索和救援任务，由此可推断出，科学家设计蟑螂机器人为的是让它们代替人类执行一些任务。故选D。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句的下一句“Therefore, different teams of scientists have designed various remote controlled robo-bugs (机器虫) that can climb walls, carry objects and find humans during search-and-rescue missions.(因此，不同的科学家团队设计了各种远程控制的机器人虫子，它们可以爬墙，携带物体，并在搜索和救援任务中找到人类)”可推断出，能在恶劣环境中生存的蟑螂是许多技术产生的灵感。故画线词意思是“灵感”。故选A。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Previously, wires were attached to the cyborg cockroach’s two sensory organs to send electrical signals that caused the “insect” to move right or left.(此前，人们将电线连接在生化蟑螂的两个感觉器官上，以发送电信号，使“昆虫”向左右移动)”可知，蟑螂机器人的移动是由信号控制的。故选D。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“So the RIKEN team wanted to create a more practical one. Finally, they designed an on-board solar cell that could continuously ensure that the cockroach stayed charged while it worked. The solution was to design a special “backpack” that could neatly carry both the wireless leg-control module and rechargeable battery. This was attached to the top of the insect, and was 3D printed to fit perfectly to the surface of the cyborg cockroach. It allowed this electronic device to be firmly fitted on the “insect” for over a month.(所以RIKEN研究小组想要创造一个更实用的模型。最后，他们设计了一种机载太阳能电池，可以确保蟑螂在工作时持续充电。解决方案是设计一种特殊的“背包”，可以整齐地携带无线腿部控制模块和可充电电池。它被固定在昆虫的顶部，并通过3D打印与生化蟑螂的表面完美贴合。这个电子装置可以牢固地安装在“昆虫”身上一个多月)”可知，本段讲的是科学家们如何发明更高阶的蟑螂机器人。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
School days mean homework, studying, exams, and social interactions—not to mention getting up early every morning. It’s understandable if you don’t always feel your happiest going to school during the week. ____36____ The following tips can help you feel happier on school days.
Listen to optimistic music
Music at a fast rhythm makes you feel happy and energetic. Positive music can relieve your pressure and ease your tension. ____37____Just let it play and listen to it in the morning when you get ready for school or before going to bed. Focus on the good things about school
____38____
Think about the bigger picture and how your education will have a positive impact on your life in the long run. If you’re having a bad day, tell yourself that it is a chance for you to make a breakthrough and get to know how to solve the problem that you may face again in the future. After that, the sky is the limit!
____39____
Working out can release endorphins(安多芬), increasing the feeling of happiness. Go for a walk or do some stretching during your lunch break to get moving during the school day. Taking a physical education class also makes a difference. Do something nice for someone
Making other people smile can boost your own happiness. When we share our own niceness or generosity with someone else, it makes us feel like we are thoughtful people and it will make you feel good. Give another student praise or some positive encouragement. ____40____
A. Get some physical activities.
B. Play hard as much as possible.
C. But it’s also something you can totally improve!
D. Or thank a teacher for a fun activity or an interesting lesson.
E. To get started, make a playlist of your favorite optimistic music.
F. A little positive thinking can go a long way towards improving your mood.
G. Sharing your negative feelings with your families and friends can be helpful.
【答案】36. C 37. E 38. F 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种方式能够帮助我们在上学的日子里感觉更快乐。
【36题详解】
根据上文“It’s understandable if you don’t always feel your happiest going to school during the week.(如果你在工作日上学时并不总是感到最快乐，这是可以理解的。)”可知，作者也觉得上学的日子未必快乐，而下文“The following tips can help you feel happier on school days.(以下建议可以帮助你在上学的日子里感觉更快乐。)”则就这一现象提出建议。选项C“But it’s also something you can totally improve!(但这也是你完全可以改进的！)”承上启下，符合题意。故选C。
【37题详解】
根据小标题“Listen to optimistic music(听积极的音乐)”可知，这一段主要是推荐听一些积极的、快节奏的音乐。下文“Just let it play and listen to it in the morning when you get ready for school or before going to bed.(在你早晨准备上学前或者睡觉前，只需要播放然后你听就可以)”可知，准备好音乐然后播放就好。选项E“To get started, make a playlist of your favorite optimistic music.(首先，制作一个你最喜欢的积极音乐的播放列表。)”符合题意。故选E。
【38题详解】
空处为小标题，是这一段的主要内容。根据下文“If you’re having a bad day, tell yourself that it is a chance for you to make a breakthrough and get to know how to solve the problem that you may face again in the future.( 如果你过了糟糕的一天，告诉自己这是一个让你突破的机会，让你知道如何解决未来可能再次面临的问题。)”可知，这一段主要讲的是人要有积极的心态。选项F“A little positive thinking can go a long way towards improving your mood.(一点点积极的想法对改善你的情绪大有帮助。)”也是讲的积极的想法对改善心情的作用，符合题意。故选F。
【39题详解】
空处为小标题，是这一段的主要内容。根据下文“Working out can release endorphins(安多芬), increasing the feeling of happiness. Go for a walk or do some stretching during your lunch break to get moving during the school day.(锻炼可以释放内啡肽，增加幸福感。在午休时间散步或做一些伸展运动，让自己在上学的日子里动起来。)”可知，这一段讲的是运动带来的好处。选项A“Get some physical activities.(做一些运动)”符合题意。故选A。
【40题详解】
根据上文“When we share our own niceness or generosity with someone else, it makes us feel like we are thoughtful people and it will make you feel good. Give another student praise or some positive encouragement.(当我们与别人分享自己的善良或慷慨时，会让我们觉得自己是有思想的人，也会让你感觉良好。给予其他学生表扬或一些积极的鼓励。)”可知，这一段鼓励对别人要善良，比如表扬一个学生。选项D“Or thank a teacher for a fun activity or an interesting lesson.(或感谢老师组织的一次有意思的活动，或者感谢老师上了一节有意思的课。)也是讲述了如何分享自己的善良，符合上文句意。故选D。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1,5分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
There isn’t any doubt that positive thinking is valuable after you find out you have cancer. But will positive____41____ help the cancer go away?
There have been a number of studies on this____42____ , but none of the studies say that positive thinking is a____43____ in helping cancer go away, or that____44____ feelings can make cancer worse.
So, is there a reason to have a positive____45____ ? Of course there is.
While I understand the danger of my illness, I choose not to____46____ statistics. I always imagine myself as being among the small group of patients who survive.____47____ do I do that? So I can sleep well; so I can plan a trip for two days from now; so I have a reason to begin writing another book with the____48____ that I’ll finish it; so my husband and I can enjoy lunch out; so I can____49____ to someone else who is having a difficult time and offer them______50______ .
A positive attitude can also help family members feel better so they can______51______ a more loving family environment. Most cancer patients, as well as their family members, know all too well how dangerous cancer can be. It’s difficult to______52______ when patients receive bad news. But a positive attitude helps me want to do things that I know are______53______ to my health, and helps me______54______ the thinning hair, tiredness and low blood counts which are the______55______ effects of my treatment.
So, I______56______ to stay happy and positive. I do my best not to think too much about all the hospital visits, and I try not to______57______ if I feel any pain.______58______, I seek joy as much as I can, and because I am seeking joy, I find joy. Being positive might not save you from cancer, but I can almost______59______ you that if you are positive, you will find______60______ in your life, as well as happiness in every day that you live.
41. A. ideas B. choices C. thoughts D. arrangements
42. A. course B. subject C. lesson D. curriculum
43. A. field B. contribution C. devotion D. factor
44. A. negative B. subjective C. objective D. supportive
45. A. altitude B. attitude C. conclusion D. decision
46. A. focus on B. take on C. look on D. put on
47. A. What B. When C. Why D. How
48. A. effort B. expectation C. success D. trouble
49 A. turn out B. look out C. take out D. reach out
50. A. surprise B. anxiety C. encouragement D. service
51. A. appeal to B. turn to C. turn down D. contribute to
52. A. carry out B. hold up C. carry on D. get on
53. A. beneficial B. promising C. unique D. harmful
54. A. through B. as C. from D. in
55. A. reliable B. side C. illegal D. inspiring
56. A. refuse B. prefer C. pretend D. happen
57. A. doubt B. shake C. handle D. panic
58. A. Moreover B. Yet C. Still D. But
59. A. help B. guide C. guarantee D. confuse
60. A. respect B. convenience C. complaint D. meaning
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. A 47. C 48. B 49. D 50. C 51. D 52. C 53. A 54. A 55. B 56. B 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。论述了面对疾病保持积极的意义。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是积极的想法能帮助你摆脱癌症吗？A. ideas主意；B. choices选择；C. thoughts想法；D. arrangements安排。根据前句的“positive thinking”（积极的思考）可知，此处指的是积极的想法，故选C项。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于这个主题已经有大量的研究，但是没有任何一个研究表明积极的思考是帮助摆脱癌症的因素，或者是消极的情绪可以让癌症恶化。A. course课程；B. subject主题，话题，科目；C. lesson课，教训；D. curriculum课程; (学校等的)全部课程。根据“studies”（研究）可知，研究通常是针对某一个主题开展，故选B项。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于这个主题已经有大量的研究，但是没有任何一个研究表明积极的思考是帮助摆脱癌症的因素，或者是消极的情绪可以让癌症恶化。A. field领域，田野；B. contribution贡献；C. devotion奉献；D. factor因素。根据下文“in helping cancer go away”可知，此处指的是没有研究表明积极的想法是影响癌症的进展一个因素，故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于这个主题已经有大量的研究，但是没有任何一个研究表明积极的思考是帮助摆脱癌症的因素，或者是消极的情绪可以让癌症恶化。A. negative负面的；B. subjective主观的；C. objective客观的；D. supportive支持的。根据本句中的“worse”（更糟）可知，此处指的是与前句相反的情况，积极的想法有益，而消极的想法让情况更糟糕，故选A项。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那么，还有要拥有积极态度的理由吗？A. altitude维度；B. attitude态度；C. conclusion结论；D. decision决定。根据前文可知，此处仍然对应前面提到的“positive thinking”（积极的思考），即面对疾病的一种积极的态度，故选B项。
【46题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：尽管我了解我的病情，我选择不要专注于统计数据。A. focus on聚焦，专注；B. take on呈现；C. look on旁观，看待；D. put on穿上。根据上文“While I understand the danger of my illness”可知前后是转折关系，故选A项。
【47题详解】
考查疑问词词义辨析。句意：我为什么要那么做？A. What什么；B. When什么时候；C. Why为什么；D. How如何，怎么样。根据后句“So I can sleep well”（因此我可以睡得好）可知，此处指的是我为什么要保持积极的原因，故选C项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那么我可以有理由开始写另一本我期待会完成的书。A. effort努力；B. expectation期待；C. success成功；D. trouble麻烦。根据作者保持积极态度可知，作者是带着某种期待去做自己想做的事情，故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：那么我可以靠近其他正在度过艰苦岁月并且给他们鼓励。A. turn out证明是；B. look out小心；C. take out拿出；D. reach out伸手去够。根据语境可知，作者想用自己积极的态度去给和他一样的病人积极的影响，首先需要做的是靠近他们，故选D项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那么我可以靠近其他正在度过艰苦岁月并且给他们鼓励。A. surprise惊喜；B. anxiety焦虑；C. encouragement鼓励；D. service服务。根据语境可知，作者想用自己积极的态度去给和他一样的病人积极的影响，只有C选项的鼓励最贴合积极的影响，故选C项。
【51题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一种积极的态度也可以帮助家庭成员们感觉更好，因此他们可以促成一种更加有爱的家庭环境。A. appeal to吸引；B. turn to求助；C. turn down拒绝；D. contribute to促成。根据下文“a more loving family environment”语境可知，此处指的是积极的态度带来的积极的影响，“contribute to”(促成)与该语义最贴合，故选D项。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当病人收到坏消息时，让自己坚持下去是困难的。A. carry out执行；B. hold up提起; 支撑；C. carry on继续，坚持；D. get on上车。根据生活常识可知，病人在收到坏消息时，往往难以面对和继续下去，故选C项。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是积极的态度帮助我想要做一些我知道对我的健康有益的事情，帮助我度过（面对）我的治疗带来的稀疏的头发、疲倦和低血细胞总数的副作用。A. beneficial有益的；B. promising前途光明的；C. unique独特的；D. harmful有害的。根据第14空的并列连接词and和 help这一积极语义词可知，前半句指的也是对健康有帮助的事情， “beneficial to”（对……有益）语义符合，故选A项。
【54题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：但是积极的态度帮助我想要做一些我知道对我的健康有益的事情，帮助我度过（面对）我的治疗带来的稀疏的头发、疲倦和低血细胞总数的副作用。A. through通过；B. as正如，作为；C. from自从，来自；D. in在……里面。根据语境可知，积极的态度帮助度过（困难：治疗的副作用），“help sb through”（帮……度过），故选A项。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是积极的态度帮助我想要做一些我知道对我的健康有益的事情，帮助我度过（面对）我的治疗带来的稀疏的头发、疲倦和低血细胞总数的副作用。A. reliable值得信赖的；B. side次要的；C. illegal非法的；D. inspiring启发人的。根据语境和常识可知，稀疏的头发、疲倦和低血细胞总数都是治疗的副作用，故选B项。
【56题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我更喜欢保持快乐和积极。A. refuse拒绝；B. prefer宁愿，偏向于；C. pretend假装；D. happen碰巧。根据第6空所在句“While I understand the danger of my illness, I choose not to___6__ statistics”（尽管我了解我的病情，我选择不要专注于统计数据）可知，此处指的是自己的一种选择偏向，故选B项。
【57题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于每次去医院这件事，我尽力不要想太多，如果我感到任何疼痛，我也尽力不惊慌。A. doubt质疑；B. shake摇晃；C. handle处理；D. panic惊慌。根据语境，感到疼痛通常意味着某种不好的信号，病人很有可能对此感到惊慌，故选D项。
【58题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我尽可能寻找快乐，因为我在寻找快乐，我找到了快乐。A. Moreover此外；B. Yet然而；C. Still仍然；D. But但是。根据语境可知，此处指的是作者没有想太多，而是保持快乐和积极的做法，前后表示转折关系，故选B项。
【59题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：保持积极也许不能治好你的癌症，但是我几乎可以向你保证，如果你保持积极，你会找到生命的意义和你所度过的每一天中的快乐。A. help帮助；B. guide指导；C. guarantee保证；D. confuse疑惑。根据语境可知，此处指的是作者发出的一种莫大的鼓励，如果保持积极，几乎一定可以找到快乐，“guarantee”（保证）一词可以体现作者的笃定和有力，最贴合上下文，故选C项。
【60题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：保持积极也许不能治好你的癌症，但是我几乎可以向你保证，如果你保持积极，你会找到生命的意义和你所度过的每一天中的快乐。A. respect尊敬；B. convenience方便；C. complaint抱怨；D. meaning意义。根据语境，最后一句为升华句，作者告诉读者保持积极对于生活的意义，且其他选项与语境不符，故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1, 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The world witnessed what was described ____61____ “Chongqing speed” in people’s united action in China’s Chongqing that put out over 10 forest fires in less than 10 days.
On August 17, a historic heat wave caused forest fires ____62____ (break) out in the mountain city. Under the leadership of China’s emergency management authorities, great efforts from firefighters, police and tens of thousands of volunteers ____63____ (pay) off and all open fires were completely put out on August 26.
In the following days, numerous stories, pictures and videos regarding this fire rescue ____64____ (share) on China’s social media. A video that showed a herringbone (人字形) of yellow flame of fire and a line of white light coming from the headlamps on the rescuers in the night view was ____65____ striking that it became ____66____ instant hit.
____67____ put out the fire was a “Great Human Wall” that was formed by the organization and support personnel under the mountain, the transport teams ____68____ (deliver) materials along the way, and the firefighting troops on the mountain top.
Among them, Generation Z, classified as those born in the mid-90s to early 2000s, played a ____69____ (remarkable) important role in the whole rescue work. These young group rushed to the frontline of the fire scene without any hesitation, demonstrating the hope and strength of China’s young generation with their bravery, wisdom and _____70_____ (cooperate).
【答案】61. as 62. to break
63. paid 64. were shared
65. so 66. an
67. What 68. delivering
69. remarkably
70. cooperation
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了重庆山火期间，在中国各方人士的共同努力下，很快取得了成功，在10天之内扑灭了10多场山火，向世界展示了“重庆速度”，也展示了中国年青一代的希望和力量。
【61题详解】
考查介词。句意：中国重庆在不到10天的时间里扑灭了10多起森林大火，世界见证了被称为“重庆速度”的人们团结一致的行动。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入介词与后面的名词短语Chongqing speed构成介宾结构。结合句意，be described as“被称为……”符合题意。故填as。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：8月17日，史无前例的热浪导致这座山城爆发森林大火。分析句子结构可知，caused“导致”在句中作谓语，空格处的动词为非谓语。此题考查cause+宾语+to do sth的结构，意为“使……做某事，导致……”。故填to break。
【63题详解】
考查时态。句意：在中国应急管理部门的领导下，消防队员、警察和数万名志愿者的巨大努力得到了回报，所有明火于8月26日被完全扑灭。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作谓语，且描述的是这些人过去扑灭山火时的努力得到了回报，故时态为一般过去时。短语pay off意为“取得成功，得到回报”时，为不及物动词短语，故用主动语态。故填paid。
【64题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在接下来的几天里，大量关于这场火灾救援的故事、图片和视频在中国的社交媒体上被分享。分析句子结构可知，提示词share“分享”在句中作谓语。结合语境可知，该句讲述的是过去的事情，时态为一般过去时，且“故事，图片和视频”是被分享的，share要用被动语态，句子的主语stories, pictures and videos是复数，所以构成被动语态的be动词用were。故填were shared。
【65题详解】
考查副词。句意：一段视频展示了夜景中的人字形的黄色火焰和救援人员头灯中射出的一道白光，这段视频如此的引人注目以至于它迅速走红了。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入副词来修饰形容词striking“引人注目的，惊人的”。结合句意及that可知，此处考查so…that句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填so。
【66题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一段视频展示了夜景中的人字形的黄色火焰和救援人员头灯中射出的一道白光，这段视频如此的引人注目以至于它迅速走红了。分析句子结构可知，该句中的hit为名词。结合句意，hit在该句中意为“很受欢迎的人（或事物）”，是可数名词，以单数形式出现时，前要有冠词来限定，该句中是泛指，故用不定冠词，且instant是以元音音素开头的单词，不定冠词要用an。故填an。
【67题详解】
考查从句的引导词。句意：扑灭这场大火的是由山下的组织和保障人员、沿途运送物资的运输队、山顶的消防部队组成的“人墙”。分析句子结构可知，空格处用来引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语。What引导名词性从句时，翻译比较灵活，可翻译为“……的人/事物”，且可作主语、宾语、表语，符合题意。故填What。
【68题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：扑灭这场大火的是由山下的组织和保障人员、沿途运送物资的运输队、山顶的消防部队组成的“人墙”。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作名词teams的定语，且teams“队伍”与deliver“运送”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词表主动。故填delivering。
【69题详解】
考查副词。句意：其中，90年代中期到21世纪初期初出生的Z世代在整个救援工作中发挥了非常重要的作用。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入副词来修饰形容词important。提示词remarkable为形容词，意为“引人注目的，非凡的”，其副词变形为remarkably。故填remarkably。
【70题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些年轻人毫不犹豫地冲向火灾现场的第一线，用他们的勇敢、智慧和合作展示了中国年轻一代的希望和力量。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入名词与bravery, wisdom“勇敢，智慧”作并列宾语。提示词cooperate为动词，意为“合作”，其名词变形为cooperation，且为不可数名词。故填cooperation。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Jim,
Knowing that you are interesting in China’s four great new inventions, I’d like to brief introduce one of them to you—high-speed rail. China’s high-speed trains ran at a speed of 250-350 km per hour. The country’s advanced transportation network has surprised at the world.
Since it takes only little hours to travel from north China to south China, high-speed rail has given the public a convenient transport alternative. It has also attracted globe attention. As the result, many countries have imported Chinese high-speed rail technology to upgrade them own rail transport systems. I hope that the above informations will be helpful to you. If you have any further questions, please do not hesitate contact me.
Yours
Li Hua
【答案】1.interesting→interested 2.brief→briefly 3.ran→run 4.删除at 5.little→few 6.globe→global 7.the→a 8.them→their 9.informations→information 10.在contact前加to
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者主要写信给朋友介绍中国新四大发明之一：高铁。
【详解】1.考查固定短语。句意：知道你对中国的四大新发明感兴趣，我想简单介绍一下中国的四大新发明之一——高铁。根据“you are interesting in China’s four great new inventions”可知，作者朋友对中国新四大发明感兴趣，“对……感兴趣”使用固定短语“be interested in”。故将interesting改为interested。
2.考查副词。句意：知道你对中国的四大新发明感兴趣，我想简单介绍一下中国的四大新发明之一——高铁。根据“introduce one of them to you”可知，动词需要使用副词修饰，简要地介绍使用“briefly introduce”。故将brief改为briefly。
3.考查动词时态。句意：中国高铁的运行速度为每小时250-350公里。根据原文可知，本文是介绍高铁，文章使用一般现在时态表示客观事实。故将ran改为run。
4.考查介词。句意：该国先进的交通网络使用让全世界震惊。根据“has surprised”可知，动词surprise是及物动词，后面可以直接接宾语，不需要使用介词。故将at删除。
5.考查形容词。句意：。根据“it takes only little hours to travel”可知，其中hours是名词复数，要使用可以修饰可数名词的形容词，little修饰不可数名词，要使用few修饰可数名词。故将little改为few。
6.考查形容词。句意：它也引起了全球的关注。根据“It has also attracted globe attention.”可知，attention是名词需要使用形容词修饰，而“globe”是名词表示“球体、地球”的意思，需要使用其形容词词性。故将globe改为global。
7.考查冠词。句意：因此，许多国家都引进了中国的高铁技术来升级自己的铁路运输系统。根据句意可知，中国的高铁吸引了全世界关注，而其他国家引进中国的高铁技术是前面的结果，表示结果使用常见短语“as a result”。故将the改为a。
8.考查代词。句意：因此，许多国家都引进了中国的高铁技术来升级自己的铁路运输系统。根据“to upgrade them own”可知，在结构中own表示某人自己，这里指这些国家他们自己。故将them改为their。
9.考查名词。句意：希望以上信息对您有所帮助。根据词汇使用规则可知，information是不可数名词，不能在词尾加s。故将informations改为information。
10.考查不定式。句意：如果您有任何进一步的问题，请不要犹豫添加与我联系。根据句意可知，作者希望朋友有问题直接问，不用犹豫表达为“not hesitate to do”。故添加to。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
72. 你校正在组织英语作文比赛，题目为“The Role Model around Me”(我身边的榜样)，请选取你生活中的一个人物，写一篇短文参赛，内容应包括：
1.人物简介(至少包括生平、事迹、成就或品质中的两个方面)
2.对你的影响。
注意：1.词数100左右，文中不允许出现真实的人名。
2.短文题目已给出。
The Role Model around Me
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The Role Model around Me
When it comes to the role model around me, it’s nobody but Liu Wei. Liu Wei is my classmate, who is strong and independent. He comes from a poor family. What makes matter worse is that he suffered from a disease in Senior Two. Because of the illness, he even asked a three-months leave from school. During that time, he not only fought against the disease but kept on studying. Whenever facing the difficulty, he never gives up. Life is not easy for Liu Wei, but he still loves life.
It is his courage and determination that impress and inspire me a lot. I believe everybody can learn from him and lead a more positive and productive life on campus.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于记叙文。要求考生以“The Role Model around Me”(我身边的榜样)为题，选取生活中的一个人物，写一篇短文参加英语作文比赛
【详解】1.词汇积累
激励：motivate →inspire
疾病：disease → illness
面对：face →be faced with
困难：difficulty → trouble
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Because of the illness, he even asked a three-months leave from school.
拓展句：Because he was ill, he even asked a three-months leave from school.
【点睛】【高分句型1】When it comes to the role model around me, it’s nobody but Liu Wei. Liu Wei is my classmate, who is strong and independent.（运用了who引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】What makes matter worse is that he suffered from a disease in Senior Two.（运用了what引导主语从句和that引导的表语从句）