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山东省临沂市2023届高三一模英语试题及答案（不含听力）
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这是一份山东省临沂市2023届高三一模英语试题及答案（不含听力），共17页。
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项:
1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡.上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
As a language learning enthusiast, I've cme up with the best apps fr learning English frm the thusands f mbile apps ut there.
Best fr Prnunciatin: ELSA Speak
ELSA Speak is prbably the best mbile app arund fr helping yu imprve yur English prnunciatin. The app’s greatest strength is its intensive AI feedback, but ELSA als prvides
mini-training sessins t really perfect yur prnunciatin. The AI analyzes yur recrdings-based prnunciatin, intnatin and fluency then pints ut exactly which parts sund inaccurate.
Best fr Immersing in English Vides; FluentU
FluentU is a language learning app that teaches yu English thrugh authentic vides like news reprts, mvie scenes and interviews, with learner tls fr all levels. Each clip has interactive subtitles s if yu 're nt sure what a wrd means, yu can hver ver it and get an explanatin. The app als gives vide examples fr each wrd s yu can learn vcabulary in cntext.
Best fr Practical Tpics: Babbel
Babbel has yu learn and practice English with realistic cnversatins that surrund things that yu 're persnally interested in. Lessns are shrt and cnsist f written and versin f the grammar featured in the lessns. Then yu are able t cmplete practice exercises t slidify yur understanding.
Best fr Fun Beginner Lessns: Lingdeer
Lingdeer uses games and shrt exercises t teach beginner and intermediate English learners. Lingdeer takes a gamified apprach t language learning with a gal-riented curriculum cnsisting f structured lessns and regular reviews. Lingdeer's lessns are arranged accrding t themes, such as sprts, weather , parts f the bdy and shpping.
1. What is the feature f ELSA Speak?
A. It analyzes learners' recrdings.
B. It prvides guidance fr learners.
C. It gives learners helpful feedback.
D. It imprves learners' cmmunicatin skill.
2. Which app prvides vides as learning resurces?
A. FluentU.
B. ELSA Speak.
C. Babbel.
D. Lingdeer.
3. What can learners d with the app Lingdeer?
A. Design games.
B. Study arund a theme.
C. Structure lessns.
D. Take advanced curses.
B
Frm Santa Barbara t Sctland, strangers are becming friends by ging n bike rides tgether. They get paired up by Cycling Withut Age, an rganizatin that helps senirs g fr bike rides , even if they can't pedal themselves. .
Hugh Lyn and David Lawrence, wh are rughly 20 years apart in age, have been riding tgether fr years. The 56-year-ld Lawrence serves as a “pilt”, driving the trishaw—a bike with a passenger seat in the frnt that Cycling Withut Age uses fr their rides. They g fr rides abut nce a week, ften discussing the histry f their twn.
“Despite my deceased parents，it gives me a cnnectin with peple frm an lder generatin, "said Lawrence, " and I enjy spending time with them and hearing their stries."
The pair have frmed a friendship utside f cycling. Lawrence said he calls Lyn ften and ges t the gym with him 1 help him with exercises he can't d n his wn.
Ole Kassw, wh funded Cycling Withut Age, said that's the pwer f the prgram. “The truly pwerful thing abut these bike rides is that they tie peple and stries tgether t-create new relatinships," he tld CBS News. " In my experience, friendships --- and the ability t frm new relatinships at any age - are what define a gd life, and ften als a lng and -happy life."
Jhn Bettner started the Santa Barbara chapler. He has ne rule fr passengers. "They say ‘What des it cst if I’m ging t g fr a ride?’ I say, “Here’s what it csts: Yu have t wave. If yu dn’t wave, I’m ging t kick yu ut,’” he jked. He said he likes when they hit red lights, because it gives them a chance t cnnect with peple n the rad. “Driving the trishaw is the best advertisement fr Cycling Withut Age”, Bettner said, “When yu take a 1-1-year-wman fr a bike ride and she hlds yur hand tight and says thank yu and gives yu a kiss n the cheek, it desn’t get any better than that.”
4. What did Lawrence benefit frm Cycling Withut Age?
A. Picking up frgtten stries.
B. Imprving his health cnditin.
C. Understanding his parents’ lve.
D. Creating a relatinship with senirs.
5. Why did Ole Kassw mentin “friendships”?
A. T share the pleasure f cycling.
B. T state the nature f happiness.
C. T shw the value f the prgram.
D. T intrduce the definitin f a gd life.
6. What can we learn frm Bettner's wrds in the last paragraph?
A. The prgram needs t be advertised.
B. Passengers have t pay fr their rides.
C. Red lights cnnect peple n the rad.
D. Bike riders feel fulfilled- by ffering rides.
7. What message des the passage cnvey?
A. A sweet friendship refreshes the sul.
B. Be a rainbw in smebdy else’s clud.
C. Dn’t g thrugh life, grw thrugh life.
D. Happiness is a jurney, nt a destinatin.
C
Fr anyne trying t lse weight, there’s a truth we can all universally acknwledge that better health is ften psitined as a numbers game. Hit the right number, and all yur health prblems will magically reslve, s the lgic ges. Yet increasingly, science is revealing that lsing weight may nt be a silver bullet after all. In a muse study published in the jurney Science, lking specifically at an inflammatry(炎症的) eye cnditin linked t besity called macular degeneratin(黄斑退化), researchers fund the struggle fr better health desn’t necessary begin and end with weight lss.
Researchers cnducted experiments n mice that were fed a high-fat diet fr 11 weeks, making them gain weight. The mice were then put n a diet f lw-fat fd fr 9 weeks, making them lse weight. Anther grup f mice nly ate the lw-fat diet as a cntrl. Researchers sht lasers int the eyes f bth the y-y dieter mice and the cntrl mice t encurage atypical bld vessel(非典型性血管) grwth, a mark f macular degeneratin.
Amng the mice that had gained and then lst weight, there was abut 40 percent mre atypical bld vessel grwth than their stable diet peers. Driving the grwth appeared t be macrphages(巨噬细胞). In the y-y dieter mice, these calls had been reprgrammed t cause inflammatin. Taken tgether, these cells appeared t have an utsize rle in atypical bld vessel grwth in the eyes. Meanwhile, in the mice fed nly a lw-fat diet, inflammatry changes were absent. The results suggest that eating a high-fat diet that causes weight gain, even if fllwed by weight lss, leaves an inflammatry mark n muse macrphages.
The research cmes during a perid f renewed interest in anti-besity drugs. But medicines that help peple shed punds d nt treat inflammatin linked t a histry f weight gain. “Hw t engage these findings with medicine interventins is challenge.” Says Bapat, head f the research.
8. Which f the fllwing best explains “a silver bullet” underlined in paragraph 1?
A. A wrkable slutin.
B. A tugh chice.
C. An ultimate bjective.
D. A majr challenge.
9. Hw d researchers carry ut the experiment?
A. By making cmparisn.
B. By listing examples.
C. By cntrlling test methds.
D. By analyzing diet cmpnents.
10. What can we learn abut the research results?
A. Stable dieting drives the grwth f macrphages.
B. Reprgrammed cells are t blame fr weight gain.
C. Inflammatry changes are caused by the lw-fat diet.
D. Lsing weight desn’t reslve the inflammatin tied t weight gain.
11. What will the research fcus n next?
A. Explring ways f lsing weight.
B. Tracking the histry f weight lss.
C. Treating besity-linked inflammatin.
D
A new kind f slar panel, develped at the University f Michigan, has achieved high efficiency in transfrming water int hydrgen and xygen—imitating a crucial step in natural phtsynthesis(光合作用). The utdr versin f the experiment, with less reliable sunlight and temperature, achieved 6.1% efficiency at turning the energy frm the sun int hydrgen fuel. Hwever, indrs, the system achieved 9% efficiency.
But the biggest benefit is driving dwn the cst f sustainable hydrgen. This is enable by reducing the size f the semicnductr(半导体), typically the mst expensive part f the device. The team’s self-healing semicnductr withstands cncentrated light equivalent t 160 suns.
“We believe that artificial phtsynthesis devices will be much mre efficient than natural phtsynthesis, which will prvide a path tward carbn neutrality,” said Zetian Mi, U-M prfessr f electrical and cmputer engineering wh led the study reprted in Nature.
The new technlgy has tw advances. The first is the ability t cncentrate the sunlight withut destrying the semicnductr that traps the light. “We reduced the size f the semicnductr by mre than 100 times cmpared t sme semicnductrs nly wrking at lw light intensity,” said Peng Zhu, U-M research fellw in electrical and cmputer engineering and first authr f the study. “Hydrgen prduced by ur technlgy culd be very cheap.”
And the secnd is using bth the higher energy part f the slar spectrum(光谱) t break dwn water and the lwer part f the spectrum t prvide heat that encurages the reactin. The magic is enabled by a semicnductr catalyst(催化剂) that imprves itself with use, resisting the degradatin(降解) that such catalysts usually experience when they trap sunlight t drive chemical reactins.
The next challenges the team intends t tackle are t further imprve the efficiency and t achieve superhigh purity hydrgen that can be directly fed int fuel cells.
12. 12. What leads t the lwer cst f sustainable hydrgen?
A. Slar energy.
B. Smaller semicnductrs.
C. Natural phtsynthesis.
D. Mre cncentrated light.
13. What is an advantage f the new technlgy?
A. A catalyst easily -available.
B. Creative use f the slar spectrum.
C. Outstanding ability t reflect light.
D. A semicnductr wrking at lw light intensity.
14. Why are the tw advances f the new slar panel mentined?
A. T intrduce a greener lifestyle.
B. T prmte its cmmercial value.
C. T stale its technical breakthrugh.
D. T advertise the ptential applicatin.
15. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. A New Trend in Water Usage
B. The Future f Sustainable Hydrgen
C. Slar Energy: Mre Efficient, Greener
D. Cheaper Hydrgen Thrugh Slar Pwer
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many humans have a mental number line that ften puts smaller numbers n the left and bigger numbers n the right—if asked t rganize several bunches f grapes by size, yu’d likely line them up by increasing number f grapes frm left t right. Like many humans, hneybees seem t prefer their numbers rdered frm left t right, a new study claims. 16______ Researchers reprted their findings Octber 17 in the Prceedings f the Natinal Academy f Sciences.
Martin Giurfa, a bilgist, tested 134 hneybees n their number-rdering abilities. First, Giurfa had t teach his bee pupils t recgnize numbers. Using sugar water, he guided hneybees int a testing bee huse built frm a repurpsed wine bx. Fr each bee, the hung a panel n the back f the bx with a certain number f symbls n it—ne, three r five. 17______ S they’d learn t assciate the number with fd. By varying what the symbls lked like between visits, he ensured the bees were leaning the number itself and nt certain shapes r arrangements.
18______ Girufa remved the training panel and set up tw, mirrr-image panels, ne n the left wall f the bx and ne n the right. These new panels either had the same number f symbls as the training panel, fewer symbls r mre. Which panel did the bees fly t—left r right? “19______” Giurfa says. Of the bees trained n “ne,” 72 percent flew t the “three” panel t the right, but f the bees trained n “five,” 73 percent went t the “three” panel t the left. “That’s exactly the cncept f the mental number line,” Giurfa says.
Thugh sme cgnitive(认知的) pwers seem t be uniquely human, Giurfa thinks there is danger in dismissing the abilities f animals, “We are different frm animals in sme aspects,” he says, “But we are very similar in thers. 20______”
A. Then he fed them the sugar water.
B. It depends n the reference number.
C. Hwever, nt everyne is cnvinced.
D. After 30 trips t the bx, it was time fr a test.
E. It suggests that hneybees have a “mental number line”.
F. Giurfa thinks bees and chicks have inbrn mental number lines.
G. Denying this similarity will nt help us understand what we are.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Head t Flint, Michigan, n a Wednesday night, and yu’ll see a blinding display f lights near the river.
The traditin 21______ n a whim in 2010 with Daniel Riddick, a dctr in Hurley Children’s Hspital in Prvidence, Rhde Island. His patient, a teenager, had been in the hspital lng-term. During his stay, Daniel had 22______ with the kid s deeply that he decided that n the by’s 23______ night there, he wuld d smething 24______ fr the final parting.
As he left, Daniel tld the by t 25______ the crner near the bus stp frm his windw. Daniel 26______ t that spt, turned arund, and flickered(闪烁) his bike light up tward the hspital. T his surprise, the teen flickered his wn rm lights t 27______.” Frm a quarter mile away it was very 28______ where the kid was,” says Daniel. “I figured if it 29______ nce I culd d is again.” And s he did.
Daniel made it a 30______ t flicker his bike lights t kids as he left fr the night as a 31______ way t say gdbye. The nightly traditin became such a 32______ that custmers started jining in with flashlights and cell phnes t.
The traditin has 33______ inspired thse beynd Michigan and Daniel hpes it 34______ even mre. “It culd happen anywhere if smene is willing t give it a try with ne 35______,” he says.
21. A. develpedB. survivedC. cntinuedD. started
22. A. negtiatedB. bndedC. agreedD. accmmdated
23. A. lastB. usualC. scaryD. challenging
24. A. essentialB. accurateC. specialD. tlerant
25. A. witnessB. appreciateC. watchD. explre
26. A. slidB. bikedC. drveD. paced
27. A. signalB. warnC. checkD. respnd
28. A. evidentB. imprtantC. prbableD. surprising
29. A. wrkedB. changedC. happenedD. mattered
30. A. dutyB. assignmentC. practiceD. cmmitment
31. A. casualB. trendyC. strangeD. fun
32. A. phenmennB. miracleC. hitD. celebrates
33. A. nlyB. evenC. nearlyD. ever
34. A. imprves B. spreadsC. extendsD. accelerates
35. A. lightB. messageC. hpeD. sign
第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yu've never heard sngs quite like this befre. In fact，it seems that Myun f Hng Kng can transfrm just abut any sng int smething cmpletely new 36_______ the help f the Guzheng. This traditinal Chinese instrument 37_______(make) f 16 r mre strings and mvable bridges. Tgether, it prduces sme f the sweetest sunds that pair surprisingly well with 38_______ was riginally a rck sng.
“Traditinal Chinese instruments aren’t suited fr 39_______(adapt) a band’s entire sund,” Myun said. “Guzheng is like the bass. It’s hard t create variatins with it.” Despite the 40_______(limitatin), Myun has mastered the prcess f changing ppular music fr the Guzheng. In ne f her many vides 41_______(share) n YuTube, she des this with “Thunderstruck” by AC/DC. During her 42_______(perfrm), Myun is cnstantly mving bth f her hands, each mvement 43_______(effrtless) methdical and fascinating t watch. When she’s nt plucking(弹拨) ne f the instrument’s many strings, she is beating it like a drum.
By sharing vides like these, Myun hpes that mre peple will cme t appreciate this unique imprvement, “Chinese culture tends 44_______(be) abstract,” she said, “It’s nt really accessible. But pp culture is accessible. By putting 45_______ tw tgether, I hpe the audience can appreciate my music.”
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
上周你参加了学校学生会组织的以心理健康教育为主题的系列活动，请你给校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 活动内容；
2. 活动反响。
注意：
1. 词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Palm trees seemed t speed by the car windw. Eight-year-ld Katrina began t get nervus, the way she always did in new surrundings. She felt a thin shine f sweat abve her lip in spite f the car’s cl air. “The aquarium wn’t be crwded, I bet, and peple are gnna ntice me. I hate wearing this prsthesis leg(假肢).” She felt tears pinprick behind her eyes, “Nt being nrmal is the wrst.”
Entering the Clearwater Marine Aquarium, arund a crner f a tank, she nticed an animal that bked unusual. “Is that a dlphin with stump(假肢) instead f a tail?” she asked an aquarium staff. He ndded, “Yes, that’s Winter. She’s a very special dlphin.” “What happened t her?” “This girl dlphin was fund ff the cast f Flrida, caught in a crab trap. The rpes frm the trap cut ff the bld circulatin t her tail. S she lst her tail,” Katrina caught her breath. “She’s just like me. She’s just like me.” “But she struggled t arrive. Nw she wears a prsthesis tail part f the day t help her swim like a dlphin’s suppsed t swim,” the stall cntinued, “Every day, Winter shws us anything is pssible if we believe.”
Katrina felt her heartstring was tuched. She waved at Winter. Lking at Katrina, Winter raised her flipper(鳍), came t her and lifted her head. “She’s swimming right int my arms,” Katrina said tearfully. They made eye cntact. She seemed t be speaking t Katrina: We’re the same.
Back hme, all Katrina talked abut was Winter. Fr tw weeks, she cried and begged her mther t take her back t Clearwater.
Unfrtunately, anther blw hit Katrina. She fell n the hardwd flr at hme and brke her ther leg. Katrina was in cnstant leg nerve pain. After a thrugh examinatin, the dctr explained had news that she wuld need anther surgery n her leg. Years f living hell came back t her. She started fearing surgery again and refused t take any.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Katrina’s mm decided t take her back t Clearwater.
Finally came the day when Katrina was in the hspital again.
参考答案
第一部分 阅读
1-3 CAB
4-7 DCDB
8-11 AADC
12-15 BBCD
16-20 EADBG
第二部分 语言运用
完形填空
21-25 DBACC
26-30 BDAAC
31-35 DCBBA
语篇填空
36. with
37. is made
38. what
39. adapting
40. limitatins
41. shared
42. perfrmance/perfrmances
43. effrtlessly
44. t be
45. the/these
第三部分 写作
第一节
February 13, the students’ unin f ur schl held a series f activities cncerning juvenile mental health fr the purpse f maintaining ur well being and all-rund develpment.
On Mnday afternn, several famus psychlgists were invited t deliver speeches. They gave very specific and practical advice n varius issues that yung peple are cncerned abut, such as hw t deal with family relatinship, relieve study pressure and plan fr the future. The experts als spared sme time t give students ne-n-ne interviews n their persnal issues.
Many students expressed their appreciatin abut the activities as they have acquired a cmpletely new perspective twards their life.
第二节
略
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项:
1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡.上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
As a language learning enthusiast, I've cme up with the best apps fr learning English frm the thusands f mbile apps ut there.
Best fr Prnunciatin: ELSA Speak
ELSA Speak is prbably the best mbile app arund fr helping yu imprve yur English prnunciatin. The app’s greatest strength is its intensive AI feedback, but ELSA als prvides
mini-training sessins t really perfect yur prnunciatin. The AI analyzes yur recrdings-based prnunciatin, intnatin and fluency then pints ut exactly which parts sund inaccurate.
Best fr Immersing in English Vides; FluentU
FluentU is a language learning app that teaches yu English thrugh authentic vides like news reprts, mvie scenes and interviews, with learner tls fr all levels. Each clip has interactive subtitles s if yu 're nt sure what a wrd means, yu can hver ver it and get an explanatin. The app als gives vide examples fr each wrd s yu can learn vcabulary in cntext.
Best fr Practical Tpics: Babbel
Babbel has yu learn and practice English with realistic cnversatins that surrund things that yu 're persnally interested in. Lessns are shrt and cnsist f written and versin f the grammar featured in the lessns. Then yu are able t cmplete practice exercises t slidify yur understanding.
Best fr Fun Beginner Lessns: Lingdeer
Lingdeer uses games and shrt exercises t teach beginner and intermediate English learners. Lingdeer takes a gamified apprach t language learning with a gal-riented curriculum cnsisting f structured lessns and regular reviews. Lingdeer's lessns are arranged accrding t themes, such as sprts, weather , parts f the bdy and shpping.
1. What is the feature f ELSA Speak?
A. It analyzes learners' recrdings.
B. It prvides guidance fr learners.
C. It gives learners helpful feedback.
D. It imprves learners' cmmunicatin skill.
2. Which app prvides vides as learning resurces?
A. FluentU.
B. ELSA Speak.
C. Babbel.
D. Lingdeer.
3. What can learners d with the app Lingdeer?
A. Design games.
B. Study arund a theme.
C. Structure lessns.
D. Take advanced curses.
B
Frm Santa Barbara t Sctland, strangers are becming friends by ging n bike rides tgether. They get paired up by Cycling Withut Age, an rganizatin that helps senirs g fr bike rides , even if they can't pedal themselves. .
Hugh Lyn and David Lawrence, wh are rughly 20 years apart in age, have been riding tgether fr years. The 56-year-ld Lawrence serves as a “pilt”, driving the trishaw—a bike with a passenger seat in the frnt that Cycling Withut Age uses fr their rides. They g fr rides abut nce a week, ften discussing the histry f their twn.
“Despite my deceased parents，it gives me a cnnectin with peple frm an lder generatin, "said Lawrence, " and I enjy spending time with them and hearing their stries."
The pair have frmed a friendship utside f cycling. Lawrence said he calls Lyn ften and ges t the gym with him 1 help him with exercises he can't d n his wn.
Ole Kassw, wh funded Cycling Withut Age, said that's the pwer f the prgram. “The truly pwerful thing abut these bike rides is that they tie peple and stries tgether t-create new relatinships," he tld CBS News. " In my experience, friendships --- and the ability t frm new relatinships at any age - are what define a gd life, and ften als a lng and -happy life."
Jhn Bettner started the Santa Barbara chapler. He has ne rule fr passengers. "They say ‘What des it cst if I’m ging t g fr a ride?’ I say, “Here’s what it csts: Yu have t wave. If yu dn’t wave, I’m ging t kick yu ut,’” he jked. He said he likes when they hit red lights, because it gives them a chance t cnnect with peple n the rad. “Driving the trishaw is the best advertisement fr Cycling Withut Age”, Bettner said, “When yu take a 1-1-year-wman fr a bike ride and she hlds yur hand tight and says thank yu and gives yu a kiss n the cheek, it desn’t get any better than that.”
4. What did Lawrence benefit frm Cycling Withut Age?
A. Picking up frgtten stries.
B. Imprving his health cnditin.
C. Understanding his parents’ lve.
D. Creating a relatinship with senirs.
5. Why did Ole Kassw mentin “friendships”?
A. T share the pleasure f cycling.
B. T state the nature f happiness.
C. T shw the value f the prgram.
D. T intrduce the definitin f a gd life.
6. What can we learn frm Bettner's wrds in the last paragraph?
A. The prgram needs t be advertised.
B. Passengers have t pay fr their rides.
C. Red lights cnnect peple n the rad.
D. Bike riders feel fulfilled- by ffering rides.
7. What message des the passage cnvey?
A. A sweet friendship refreshes the sul.
B. Be a rainbw in smebdy else’s clud.
C. Dn’t g thrugh life, grw thrugh life.
D. Happiness is a jurney, nt a destinatin.
C
Fr anyne trying t lse weight, there’s a truth we can all universally acknwledge that better health is ften psitined as a numbers game. Hit the right number, and all yur health prblems will magically reslve, s the lgic ges. Yet increasingly, science is revealing that lsing weight may nt be a silver bullet after all. In a muse study published in the jurney Science, lking specifically at an inflammatry(炎症的) eye cnditin linked t besity called macular degeneratin(黄斑退化), researchers fund the struggle fr better health desn’t necessary begin and end with weight lss.
Researchers cnducted experiments n mice that were fed a high-fat diet fr 11 weeks, making them gain weight. The mice were then put n a diet f lw-fat fd fr 9 weeks, making them lse weight. Anther grup f mice nly ate the lw-fat diet as a cntrl. Researchers sht lasers int the eyes f bth the y-y dieter mice and the cntrl mice t encurage atypical bld vessel(非典型性血管) grwth, a mark f macular degeneratin.
Amng the mice that had gained and then lst weight, there was abut 40 percent mre atypical bld vessel grwth than their stable diet peers. Driving the grwth appeared t be macrphages(巨噬细胞). In the y-y dieter mice, these calls had been reprgrammed t cause inflammatin. Taken tgether, these cells appeared t have an utsize rle in atypical bld vessel grwth in the eyes. Meanwhile, in the mice fed nly a lw-fat diet, inflammatry changes were absent. The results suggest that eating a high-fat diet that causes weight gain, even if fllwed by weight lss, leaves an inflammatry mark n muse macrphages.
The research cmes during a perid f renewed interest in anti-besity drugs. But medicines that help peple shed punds d nt treat inflammatin linked t a histry f weight gain. “Hw t engage these findings with medicine interventins is challenge.” Says Bapat, head f the research.
8. Which f the fllwing best explains “a silver bullet” underlined in paragraph 1?
A. A wrkable slutin.
B. A tugh chice.
C. An ultimate bjective.
D. A majr challenge.
9. Hw d researchers carry ut the experiment?
A. By making cmparisn.
B. By listing examples.
C. By cntrlling test methds.
D. By analyzing diet cmpnents.
10. What can we learn abut the research results?
A. Stable dieting drives the grwth f macrphages.
B. Reprgrammed cells are t blame fr weight gain.
C. Inflammatry changes are caused by the lw-fat diet.
D. Lsing weight desn’t reslve the inflammatin tied t weight gain.
11. What will the research fcus n next?
A. Explring ways f lsing weight.
B. Tracking the histry f weight lss.
C. Treating besity-linked inflammatin.
D
A new kind f slar panel, develped at the University f Michigan, has achieved high efficiency in transfrming water int hydrgen and xygen—imitating a crucial step in natural phtsynthesis(光合作用). The utdr versin f the experiment, with less reliable sunlight and temperature, achieved 6.1% efficiency at turning the energy frm the sun int hydrgen fuel. Hwever, indrs, the system achieved 9% efficiency.
But the biggest benefit is driving dwn the cst f sustainable hydrgen. This is enable by reducing the size f the semicnductr(半导体), typically the mst expensive part f the device. The team’s self-healing semicnductr withstands cncentrated light equivalent t 160 suns.
“We believe that artificial phtsynthesis devices will be much mre efficient than natural phtsynthesis, which will prvide a path tward carbn neutrality,” said Zetian Mi, U-M prfessr f electrical and cmputer engineering wh led the study reprted in Nature.
The new technlgy has tw advances. The first is the ability t cncentrate the sunlight withut destrying the semicnductr that traps the light. “We reduced the size f the semicnductr by mre than 100 times cmpared t sme semicnductrs nly wrking at lw light intensity,” said Peng Zhu, U-M research fellw in electrical and cmputer engineering and first authr f the study. “Hydrgen prduced by ur technlgy culd be very cheap.”
And the secnd is using bth the higher energy part f the slar spectrum(光谱) t break dwn water and the lwer part f the spectrum t prvide heat that encurages the reactin. The magic is enabled by a semicnductr catalyst(催化剂) that imprves itself with use, resisting the degradatin(降解) that such catalysts usually experience when they trap sunlight t drive chemical reactins.
The next challenges the team intends t tackle are t further imprve the efficiency and t achieve superhigh purity hydrgen that can be directly fed int fuel cells.
12. 12. What leads t the lwer cst f sustainable hydrgen?
A. Slar energy.
B. Smaller semicnductrs.
C. Natural phtsynthesis.
D. Mre cncentrated light.
13. What is an advantage f the new technlgy?
A. A catalyst easily -available.
B. Creative use f the slar spectrum.
C. Outstanding ability t reflect light.
D. A semicnductr wrking at lw light intensity.
14. Why are the tw advances f the new slar panel mentined?
A. T intrduce a greener lifestyle.
B. T prmte its cmmercial value.
C. T stale its technical breakthrugh.
D. T advertise the ptential applicatin.
15. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. A New Trend in Water Usage
B. The Future f Sustainable Hydrgen
C. Slar Energy: Mre Efficient, Greener
D. Cheaper Hydrgen Thrugh Slar Pwer
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many humans have a mental number line that ften puts smaller numbers n the left and bigger numbers n the right—if asked t rganize several bunches f grapes by size, yu’d likely line them up by increasing number f grapes frm left t right. Like many humans, hneybees seem t prefer their numbers rdered frm left t right, a new study claims. 16______ Researchers reprted their findings Octber 17 in the Prceedings f the Natinal Academy f Sciences.
Martin Giurfa, a bilgist, tested 134 hneybees n their number-rdering abilities. First, Giurfa had t teach his bee pupils t recgnize numbers. Using sugar water, he guided hneybees int a testing bee huse built frm a repurpsed wine bx. Fr each bee, the hung a panel n the back f the bx with a certain number f symbls n it—ne, three r five. 17______ S they’d learn t assciate the number with fd. By varying what the symbls lked like between visits, he ensured the bees were leaning the number itself and nt certain shapes r arrangements.
18______ Girufa remved the training panel and set up tw, mirrr-image panels, ne n the left wall f the bx and ne n the right. These new panels either had the same number f symbls as the training panel, fewer symbls r mre. Which panel did the bees fly t—left r right? “19______” Giurfa says. Of the bees trained n “ne,” 72 percent flew t the “three” panel t the right, but f the bees trained n “five,” 73 percent went t the “three” panel t the left. “That’s exactly the cncept f the mental number line,” Giurfa says.
Thugh sme cgnitive(认知的) pwers seem t be uniquely human, Giurfa thinks there is danger in dismissing the abilities f animals, “We are different frm animals in sme aspects,” he says, “But we are very similar in thers. 20______”
A. Then he fed them the sugar water.
B. It depends n the reference number.
C. Hwever, nt everyne is cnvinced.
D. After 30 trips t the bx, it was time fr a test.
E. It suggests that hneybees have a “mental number line”.
F. Giurfa thinks bees and chicks have inbrn mental number lines.
G. Denying this similarity will nt help us understand what we are.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Head t Flint, Michigan, n a Wednesday night, and yu’ll see a blinding display f lights near the river.
The traditin 21______ n a whim in 2010 with Daniel Riddick, a dctr in Hurley Children’s Hspital in Prvidence, Rhde Island. His patient, a teenager, had been in the hspital lng-term. During his stay, Daniel had 22______ with the kid s deeply that he decided that n the by’s 23______ night there, he wuld d smething 24______ fr the final parting.
As he left, Daniel tld the by t 25______ the crner near the bus stp frm his windw. Daniel 26______ t that spt, turned arund, and flickered(闪烁) his bike light up tward the hspital. T his surprise, the teen flickered his wn rm lights t 27______.” Frm a quarter mile away it was very 28______ where the kid was,” says Daniel. “I figured if it 29______ nce I culd d is again.” And s he did.
Daniel made it a 30______ t flicker his bike lights t kids as he left fr the night as a 31______ way t say gdbye. The nightly traditin became such a 32______ that custmers started jining in with flashlights and cell phnes t.
The traditin has 33______ inspired thse beynd Michigan and Daniel hpes it 34______ even mre. “It culd happen anywhere if smene is willing t give it a try with ne 35______,” he says.
21. A. develpedB. survivedC. cntinuedD. started
22. A. negtiatedB. bndedC. agreedD. accmmdated
23. A. lastB. usualC. scaryD. challenging
24. A. essentialB. accurateC. specialD. tlerant
25. A. witnessB. appreciateC. watchD. explre
26. A. slidB. bikedC. drveD. paced
27. A. signalB. warnC. checkD. respnd
28. A. evidentB. imprtantC. prbableD. surprising
29. A. wrkedB. changedC. happenedD. mattered
30. A. dutyB. assignmentC. practiceD. cmmitment
31. A. casualB. trendyC. strangeD. fun
32. A. phenmennB. miracleC. hitD. celebrates
33. A. nlyB. evenC. nearlyD. ever
34. A. imprves B. spreadsC. extendsD. accelerates
35. A. lightB. messageC. hpeD. sign
第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yu've never heard sngs quite like this befre. In fact，it seems that Myun f Hng Kng can transfrm just abut any sng int smething cmpletely new 36_______ the help f the Guzheng. This traditinal Chinese instrument 37_______(make) f 16 r mre strings and mvable bridges. Tgether, it prduces sme f the sweetest sunds that pair surprisingly well with 38_______ was riginally a rck sng.
“Traditinal Chinese instruments aren’t suited fr 39_______(adapt) a band’s entire sund,” Myun said. “Guzheng is like the bass. It’s hard t create variatins with it.” Despite the 40_______(limitatin), Myun has mastered the prcess f changing ppular music fr the Guzheng. In ne f her many vides 41_______(share) n YuTube, she des this with “Thunderstruck” by AC/DC. During her 42_______(perfrm), Myun is cnstantly mving bth f her hands, each mvement 43_______(effrtless) methdical and fascinating t watch. When she’s nt plucking(弹拨) ne f the instrument’s many strings, she is beating it like a drum.
By sharing vides like these, Myun hpes that mre peple will cme t appreciate this unique imprvement, “Chinese culture tends 44_______(be) abstract,” she said, “It’s nt really accessible. But pp culture is accessible. By putting 45_______ tw tgether, I hpe the audience can appreciate my music.”
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
上周你参加了学校学生会组织的以心理健康教育为主题的系列活动，请你给校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 活动内容；
2. 活动反响。
注意：
1. 词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Palm trees seemed t speed by the car windw. Eight-year-ld Katrina began t get nervus, the way she always did in new surrundings. She felt a thin shine f sweat abve her lip in spite f the car’s cl air. “The aquarium wn’t be crwded, I bet, and peple are gnna ntice me. I hate wearing this prsthesis leg(假肢).” She felt tears pinprick behind her eyes, “Nt being nrmal is the wrst.”
Entering the Clearwater Marine Aquarium, arund a crner f a tank, she nticed an animal that bked unusual. “Is that a dlphin with stump(假肢) instead f a tail?” she asked an aquarium staff. He ndded, “Yes, that’s Winter. She’s a very special dlphin.” “What happened t her?” “This girl dlphin was fund ff the cast f Flrida, caught in a crab trap. The rpes frm the trap cut ff the bld circulatin t her tail. S she lst her tail,” Katrina caught her breath. “She’s just like me. She’s just like me.” “But she struggled t arrive. Nw she wears a prsthesis tail part f the day t help her swim like a dlphin’s suppsed t swim,” the stall cntinued, “Every day, Winter shws us anything is pssible if we believe.”
Katrina felt her heartstring was tuched. She waved at Winter. Lking at Katrina, Winter raised her flipper(鳍), came t her and lifted her head. “She’s swimming right int my arms,” Katrina said tearfully. They made eye cntact. She seemed t be speaking t Katrina: We’re the same.
Back hme, all Katrina talked abut was Winter. Fr tw weeks, she cried and begged her mther t take her back t Clearwater.
Unfrtunately, anther blw hit Katrina. She fell n the hardwd flr at hme and brke her ther leg. Katrina was in cnstant leg nerve pain. After a thrugh examinatin, the dctr explained had news that she wuld need anther surgery n her leg. Years f living hell came back t her. She started fearing surgery again and refused t take any.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Katrina’s mm decided t take her back t Clearwater.
Finally came the day when Katrina was in the hspital again.
参考答案
第一部分 阅读
1-3 CAB
4-7 DCDB
8-11 AADC
12-15 BBCD
16-20 EADBG
第二部分 语言运用
完形填空
21-25 DBACC
26-30 BDAAC
31-35 DCBBA
语篇填空
36. with
37. is made
38. what
39. adapting
40. limitatins
41. shared
42. perfrmance/perfrmances
43. effrtlessly
44. t be
45. the/these
第三部分 写作
第一节
February 13, the students’ unin f ur schl held a series f activities cncerning juvenile mental health fr the purpse f maintaining ur well being and all-rund develpment.
On Mnday afternn, several famus psychlgists were invited t deliver speeches. They gave very specific and practical advice n varius issues that yung peple are cncerned abut, such as hw t deal with family relatinship, relieve study pressure and plan fr the future. The experts als spared sme time t give students ne-n-ne interviews n their persnal issues.
Many students expressed their appreciatin abut the activities as they have acquired a cmpletely new perspective twards their life.
第二节
略
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