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高中英语高考考向16 主谓一致(原卷版)-备战2022年高考英语一轮复习考点微专题
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这是一份高中英语高考考向16 主谓一致(原卷版)-备战2022年高考英语一轮复习考点微专题，共15页。试卷主要包含了语法一致，意义一致原则，就近一致原则， ＂名词+介词短语＂作主语，不定代词作主语，特殊名词作主语，表数量概念的词或短语作主语，动名词等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、语法一致
语法一致：就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
单数n.，不可数n., 不定式，动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数。
☛His father is wrking n the farm.
☛ Time is mney.
☛ T finish all the wrk n time is impssible.
☛Reading in the sun is bad fr yur eyes.
☛The children are in the classrm 2 hurs ag.
◆由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多用单数但如果表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的
并列结构时，谓语动词用复数。
☛What I bught were 3 English bks.
☛What I say and d are helpful t yu.
由and 或 连接起来的合成主语后面谓语动词用复数。
☛Lucy and Lily are twins.
☛She and I are friends.
☛Bth she and he are Yung Pineers.
◆如果and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语动词就用单数。
☛The writer and artist has cme.
◆由and 连接的并列单数主语前分别有each, every, n mre than a(an), many a(an)修饰时，谓语动词用单数。
☛Every student and every teacher was in the rm.
☛N by and n girl likes it.
主语后面有with, tgether with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, mre than, n less than, besides,
including等引起的短语时，谓语动词的单复数由主语的单复数决定。
☛Mr Green, tgether with his wife and children, has cme t China.
☛Nbdy but Jim and Mike was n the playgrund.
☛She, like yu and Tm, is very tall.
either, neither, each, every或n+单数neither/neither/nne f ＋复数名词，还有sme, any, n, every 构成的复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数。
☛Each f us has a new bk.
☛Everything arund us is matter.
☛Neither f the texts is interesting.
Nne f us has been t Suth Africa.
定语从句中，关系代词that, which, wh 作主语时，谓语动词的数和先行词一致。
☛He is ne f my students wh are wrking hard.
☛He is the nly ne f my friends wh is wrking hard.
【典例分析】
1.（2018·新课标卷I·语法填空）While running regularly can’t make yu live frever, the review says it 64 (be) mre effective at lengthening life 65 than walking, cycling r swimming.
【答案】is
【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。医学报告显示：跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。这里叙述的是一个事实，故用一般现在时，且主语是it，表示单数概念。故填is。
2. He is ne f the mst selfish men that _______ ever lived; that’s why hardly _______ making friends with him.
A. has；anyne likesB. have；des anyne like
C. has；n ne likesD. have；anyne likes
【答案】D
【解析】考查主谓一致。that引导的定语从句修饰的是名词复数men，因此定语从句的谓语动词应用have。第一个空考查的是定语从句中谓语动词的单复数，ne f+复数名词+关系代词+复数动词，因此第一个空用have；后半句译为＂那就是几乎没有任何人和他交朋友的原因＂，hardly表示＂几乎不＂，根据句意，后面应是肯定句，故排除C项；hardly作为否定副词放在句首时，句子才使用倒装语序，因此排除B项。故选D项。
集体名词family, class, crwd, cmmittee, ppulatin, audience等，指整体时，用单数；指集体的成员时，用复数。
☛His family is a happy ne.
☛The whle family are watching TV.
☛The ppulatin f China is 1400 millin.(人口)
☛One third f the ppulatin here are wrkers.(人)
◆peple, cattle, plice作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
由a lt f, lts f, plenty f, the rest f, the majrity f ＋名词，或者是分数/百分数＋名词构成的短语作主
语，谓语动词的数由名词的单复数决定。
☛The rest f the lecture is wnderful.
☛A lt f time is wasted.
☛A lt f peple take part in the meeting.
☛2/3 water is drunk by him.
☛2/3 students are absent.
倒装句中，谓语v.的数与其后的主语一致。
☛On the wall are many pictures.
☛Such is the result.
☛Such are the facts.
【典例分析】
（2018· 浙江卷· 语法填空）Few peple I knw seem t have much desire r time t ck. Making Chinese
56 (dish) is seen as especially trublesme.
【答案】dishes
【解析】考查名词。此处指中国菜，表示泛指应该用名词复数，故填dishes。
二、意义一致原则
表示时间、度量、长度、价值等的复数名词作主语，因为其在概念上是一个整体，谓语动词用单数。
☛Twenty minutes is enugh fr the wrk.
☛One hundred dllars is stlen frm the ATM.
如果是书名，片名，格言，剧名，报名，国名等的复数形式作主语，谓语动词用单数。
☛The Arabian Nights is an interesting stry bk.
ne and a half ＋复数n.，谓语动词用单数。
☛One and a half apples is left n the table.
算是中表示数目通常用单数（加减乘除）
表示学科的以-ics结尾的名词作主语，用单数。
☛Physics is an imprtant subject in middle schls.
☛Mathematics is the study f numbers.
☛Plitics, ecnmics, athletics等。
复数形式的单复数同形的名词作主语，意义一致。
☛The glass wrks was built up in 1980.
☛These glass wrks are near the railway statin.
由两部分组成的名词，trusers, glasses, shrts, scissrs等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。a pair f等量词时，
视情况而定。
The ＋ adj. 表示一类人，作主语时用复数。
☛The yung are usually very active.
☛The ld are lnely.
三、就近一致原则
就近一致：在英语句子中，有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。
1. 当两个主语由either … r， neither … nr，whether … r …，nt nly …but als连接时，谓语动词和邻
近的主语一致。
☛Neither his parents nr I am able t persuade him t change his mind.
他的父母和我都不能说服他改变注意。
2. there be句型的be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个
主语保持一致。
☛There are tw pens，a bk and three pencils n the desk. 书桌上有两支钢笔，一本书和三支铅笔。
☛There is a bk，tw pens and three pencils n the desk. 书桌上有一本书，两支钢笔和三支铅笔。
3. 在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。
☛Here is a map and a handbk fr yu. 这是一张你的地图和一本手册。
Such are the facts. 事实就是如此。
4. 就远原则：谓语动词与前面主语一致。
主语后面接连接性短语时，这种结构并不影响主语和谓语的关系，即谓语动词的数与主语的数保持一致。此类连接性短语有as well as，as much as，alng with，with，like，rather than， tgether with，but，except，besides，including，in additin t等。
☛Yur sister as well as yur parents is very kind t me.你姐姐和你父母一样，对我很好。
☛She，like yu and betty，is very clever.像你和betty一样，她也很聪明。
【典例分析】
The father as well as his three children ___________ skating n the frzen river every Sunday afternn in winter.
A. is gingB.gC.gesD.are ging
【答案】C
【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：在冬天的每个星期天下午，这位父亲和他的三个孩子都去结冰的河面上滑冰。当 as well as 连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的数应与as well as前面的名词或代词保持一致。本题的谓语动词应与The father保持一致，用单数形式；由时间状语 every Sunday afternn可知，本句应用一般现在时。故选C项。
四、 ＂名词+介词短语＂作主语
名词或代词后接as well as，with，alng with，tgether with，except，but等短语作主语时，谓语动词的形式应和介词短语前的名词或代词的人称和数保持一致。
☛She as well as ther students likes playing cmputer games. 她和其他学生都喜欢玩电脑游戏。
☛He with his parents is wrking in the fields. 他正和他的父母在地里干活。
☛Nbdy but yu and me knws it. 除了你和我，没人知道。
五、不定代词作主语
1. 当作主语的名词前有each，neither，either，every修饰或each，neither，either作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
☛Each student has a bk. 每一个学生都有一本书。
☛Either answer is crrect. 两个答案都是正确的。
☛Neither parent is with him. 他的父母都没有和他在一起。
☛Every minute is imprtant t us. 每一分钟对大家都很重要。
2. 当复合不定代词smene，anyne，smebdy，anybdy，nbdy，everybdy，smething，anything，nthing，everything等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
☛Smebdy is waiting fr yu utside. 有人在外面等你。
☛Is everybdy here tday? 今天大家都到了吗?
☛Smething is wrng with my watch. 我的手表出故障了。
☛Nbdy was away yesterday. 昨天没有人离开。
【典例分析】
All we need ___________ a small piece f land where we can plant varius kinds f fruit trees thrughut the grwing seasns f the year.
A. areB. wasC. isD. were
【答案】C
【解析】考查主谓一致及时态用法。句中的主语为代词all，代指的是物，故谓语动词用单数形式。再根据从句中的can可以判断用一般现在时。句意：我们所需要的是一小块土地，在整个一年的生长季节，我们能够种各种不同的水果树。故C正确。
六、特殊名词作主语
1. 国名、人名、书名、报刊名、组织机构等专有名词作主语时，即使其形式上是复数，谓语动词也要用单数。
☛The United States lies t the east f China. 美国在中国的东方。(国名)
☛Engels was gd at learning freign languages. 恩格斯擅长学外语。(人名)
2. ＂the+形容词＂作主语时，表示某类人，谓语动词用复数。
☛The sick are taken gd care f. 病人得到很好的照顾。
☛The ld are suppsed t be spken t plitely. 跟老人讲话要有礼貌。
3. 以-s结尾的学科名词，如maths，physics，plitics等和以-s结尾的抽象名词，如news，plastics等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。
☛Physics is very difficult fr me t learn. 物理对我来讲很难学。
☛The news was very exciting. 这条新闻十分激动人心。
4. 单复数形式相同的名词，如Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由名词前的修饰语来确定。
☛A Chinese wants t see yu. 一个中国人想见你。
☛Ten sheep are eating grass there. 那边有10只绵羊在吃草。
【注意】Chinese，Japanese，English等前加the表示一国人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
The Chinese speak Chinese. 中国人说汉语。
七、表数量概念的词或短语作主语
1. 表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词作主语时，通常看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。
☛Ten years has passed quickly. 10年很快就过去了。
☛Ten dllars is enugh. 10美元就够了。
☛100 kilmeters is a lng way. 100千米是一段很长的路。
2. 加减乘除运算中的谓语动词用单数，其中加法与乘法也可用复数。
☛Tw and tw is/are fur. 2加2等于4。
☛Six times ne is/are six. 6乘以1等于6。
3. ＂many a/mre than ne+单数名词＂作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
☛There is mre than ne answer. 有不止一个答案。
☛Many a student has passed the exam. 许多学生通过了考试。
4. ＂ne and a half+复数名词＂作主语时，谓语用单数。
☛One and a half days is all I can spare. 一天半是我所能支配的全部时间。
☛One and a half pears is left n the plate. 一个半梨被留在盘子里。
5. the rest f... 短语作主语时，如果f后接复数名词，谓语用复数；如果f后接不可数名词，谓语用单数。
☛The rest f the bikes are n sale. 余下的自行车降价出售。
☛The rest f the bread is gne. 剩余的面包不见了。
6. ＂nne f+复数名词＂作主语时，谓语动词既可以用单数也可以用复数。
☛Nne f the dgs was/were there. 那儿没有狗。
7.＂a number f+名词复数＂表示＂许多/大量的……＂，其后的谓语动词用复数；＂the number f+名词复
数＂表示＂……的数量＂，其中心词为number，故谓语动词用单数。
☛A number f farmers are standing ver there. 许多农民站在那边。
☛The number f the students in this schl has reached ver 2，000.
这所学校的学生数量已达到2000多人。
8. ＂a lt f/lts f/plenty f+名词＂作主语，谓语动词由f后的名词来确定。如果f后是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数；如果f后是复数名词，谓语动词用复数。
☛A lt f time is needed. 需要大量的时间。
☛Plenty f wrkers are wrking. 许多工人在工作。
八、动名词、不定式和从句作主语
动名词、不定式或从句作主语时，谓语一般用单数。
☛Ding mrning exercises is gd fr yur bdy. 做早操对你的身体有益。
☛T play with fire near a gas statin is very dangerus. 在加油站附近玩火很危险。
☛What he said at the meeting is very imprtant. 他在会上的发言很重要。
【典例分析】
The university estimates that living expenses fr internatinal students ________ arund $8，450 a year, which ________ a burden fr sme f them.
A. are；is B. are；are C. is；are D. is；is
【答案】A
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：那所大学估计，对国际学生来说，一年的生活开销大约是8450美元，这对他们中某些学生来说是一个负担。第一空的主语是living expenses，是复数，因此谓语动词用复数；第二空的主语是which，指代的是前面整个句子，因此谓语动词用单数。
【巧学妙记】
【检测训练】
1. Large quantities f infrmatin, as well as timely help________ t us ver the past 2 years.
A. have been fferedB. has been ffered
C. was fferedD. had been ffered
2. At that time ________tw imprtant players ________a big prblem fr Lang Ping.
A. t lse; isB. lsing; was
C. lse; wasD. lsing; is
3. Nw Mr. Lee, alng with all his students, ________ discussing Reading Skills which was newly published in America.
A. isB. areC. have beenD. had been
4. The famus musician , as well as his students________ t perfrm at the pening ceremny last year.
A. were invitedB. was invitedC. have been invitedD. has been invited
5. Mr. Wang was the nly ne f the mst ________ teachers wh ________ praised n Teachers' Day.
A. inspiring; wasB. inspired; wasC. inspiring; wereD. inspired; were
6. Many a quarrel ________ thrugh a misunderstanding.
A. has cme acrssB. has cme abutC. have cme utD. have cme up
7. -When is Jack ging t finish writing that essay?
I dn't knw. He _______ day in and day ut
A. has been wrkingB. has wrked
C. had been wrkingD. was wrking
8. It ____ Madame Curie and his husband Pierre wh discvered radium.
A. isB. wasC. areD. were
9. _________yur teacher _____ frm them very ften? Certainly.
A. D, hearB. Des, hearC. D, receiveD. Des. receive
10. Which teacher _________ lessns t yu every day?
A. des givesB. des giveC. d giveD. gives
11. I feel it is yu as well as yur wife that ______ fr yur sn's bad perfrmance at schl.
A. are t blameB. is t be blamed
C. are t be blamedD. is t blame
12. Have yu read all the infrmatin that this case?
A. relateB. relate tC. relates tD. relates
13. Sitting ver there was the student wh they thught __________ t speak at the pening ceremny.
A. selectedB. selectingC. was selectedD. selects
14. Amng thse presents _____ an iPad that his father gave him fr his birthday.
A. have includedB. is includedC. has includedD. are included
15. The publicatin f Great Expectatins, which ______ bth widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’s status as a leading nvelist.
A. have beenB. wereC. wasD. will be
16. —Hw much d yu knw abut Nlan’s’ new film t be released next mnth?
—Well. the Mvie Channel ________ it in a variety f frms.
A. cversB. cveredC. has cveredD. will cver
17. The evidence suggests that single fathers ____ mre likely t wrk than single mthers.
A. shuld beB. areC. \D. be
18. Hw t prtect children frm unsuitable material n sme websites while encuraging them t use the Internet __________ in many areas f the wrld.
A. have lng been discussedB. has lng been discussed
C. were lng been discussedD. was lng been discussed
19. This is ne f the largest factries been rebuilt since last year.
A. which haveB. that haveC. which hasD. that has
20. The number f peple in the wrld ________ abut 6 billin and large quantities f waste _______ each year.
A. ttal; has been prducedB. ttals; is prduced
C. ttals; are prducedD. ttal; are being prduced
21. Generally speaking, tiredness _____ directly ______ a driver’s respnse time.
A. is; relate tB. is; related tC. be; relating tD. be; related t
22. Over the past decade, the number f Mnarch butterflies _____________ significantly.
A. has fallenB. fellC. is fallingD. have fallen
23. The bk with cartns in them __________ intended fr children aged 2-8.
A. have beenB. isC. areD. were
24. The newly-published nvel is s ppular that mre than ne cpy sld ut.
A. have beenB. has beenC. haveD. are
25. We travelled in Eurpe and visited sme caves that early Viking times in abut
800 A. D.
A. date back tB. are dated back tC. were dated frmD. dating frm
26. As we knw, tw thirds f the earth _________ cvered with water..
A. areB. wasC. isD. were
27. Zhng Nanshan, as well as three ther utstanding medical wrkers,__________the highest hnr f ur cuntry last mnth.
A. are awardedB. is awardedC. were awardedD. was awarded
28. The prpsal that smart devices shuld carry security labels was intrduced a vluntary basis at first, which _______the research findings that these devices were able t put cnsumers' privacy and security at risk.
A. n, based nB. by, based n
C. n, was based nD. by, was based n
29. At the ft f the muntain____________a family,________members make a living by raising cattle and sheep.
A. lives, itsB. lives, whseC. live, whereD. live, whse
30. Meat _______ ut in this shp. We can _________ nw.
A. have been sld, get nthingB. has been sld, get nthing
C. has been sld, get smeD. have been sld, get sme
31. Officials say that few patients ____with the COVID-19 wing t the effective preventin.
A. infectedB. have infectedC. be infectedD. are infected
32. The church twer which __________ nw will be pen t turists sn. The wrk is almst finished.
A. has builtB. has been builtC. is buildingD. is being built
33. Visitrs have n access ______ the remains f the building that _______ being studied by the archaelgists.
A. t; wasB. f; wasC. f; wereD. t; were
34. Large quantities f mney _________ spent n the prject s far; it is enugh.
A. isB. wereC. has beenD. have been
35. It is yu rather than Lucy wh________fr the accident.
A. is t blameB. is t be blamed
C. shuld blameD. are t blame
36. ________nthing t d with us.
A. What she did haveB. What she did is
C. What did she d hasD. What she has dne has
37. A lt f new wden furniture, as well as sme latest husehld appliances, ________ by the Smiths fr their new huse a week ag.
A. has been bughtB. have been bught
C. was bughtD. were bught
38. There________a girl and tw bys waiting fr yu since this mrning.
A. wasB. wereC. has beenD. have been
39. Accrding t dctrs, three hurs f utdr exercise a week gd fr health.
A. isB. areC. haveD. has
40. When and hw t restre daily life______yet.
A. has nt been decidedB. are nt decidedC. is nt decidedD. have nt decided
41. I, wh______yur clse friend, will try my best t help yu ut f truble.
A. amB. isC. areD. be
42. Nthing but several glasses______bught by my father the day befre yesterday.
A. have beenB. wereC. wasD. wuld be
43. There _______ a series f creative inventins that are being exhibited in the centre.
A. wasB. wereC. areD. is
44. （2014·湖南）All we need _________ a small piece f land where we can plant varius kinds f fruit trees thrughut the grwing seasns f the year.
A. areB. was
C. isD. were
45. At the ft f the hill ________ a big lake surrunded by trees.
A. laysB. is layingC. liesD. is lying
46. —Tmrrw yu'll g t yur new schl t study.
—Yes, a new term I am lking frward ________.
A. t arrivingB. t arriveC. t arrivesD. arrives
47. All the facts in Califrnia’s recrd-breaking heatwave suggest that the wildfires t the brutally ht temperature, s it’s suggested that peple with health prblem carefully.
A. were linked; are taken care fB. be linked; be taken care f
C. shuld be linked; are attended tD. were linked; be attended t
48. It's reprted that a large number f peple ________ been killed and the number _______added up t nearly 70,000.
A. has; hasB. have; have
C. has; haveD. have; has
49. The dctr suggested that she _______ in bed, while her smiling face suggested there ______ nthing serius.
A. stay; wasB. stayed; wasC. stayed; beD. stay; be
50. We live day by day,but in the great things,the time f days and weeks_______s small that a day is unimprtant.
A. isB. are
C. has beenD. have been
一致原则
考点详解
例句
语法一致
1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。
His father is wrking n the farm.
T study English well is nt easy.
What he said is very imprtant fr us all.
The children were in the classrm tw hurs ag.
Reading in the sun is bad fr yur eyes.
2. 由连接词and或bth …… and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。
Lucy and Lily are twins.
She and I are classmates.
The by and the girl were surprised when they heard the news.
Bth she and he are Yung Pineers.
3. 主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with，tgether with，except，but，like，as well as，rather than，mre than，n less than， besides，including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。
Mr. Green，tgether with his wife and children，has cme t China.
Nbdy but Jim and Mike was n the playgrund.
She，like yu and Tm，is very tall.
4. either，neither，each，every 或n +单数名词和由sme，any，n，every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。
Each f us has a new bk.
Everything arund us is matter.
5. 在定语从句中，关系代词that，wh， which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。
He is ne f my friends wh are wrking hard.
He is the nly ne f my friends wh is wrking hard.
6. 如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数；如果它指集体的成员，其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family, class, crwd, cmmittee, ppulatin, audience等。
Class Fur is n the third flr.
Class Fur are unable t agree upn a mnitr.
注：peple，plice，cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如：The plice are lking fr the lst child.
7. 由＂a lt f，lts f，plenty f，the rest f，the majrity f +名词＂构成的短语以及由＂分数或百分数+名词＂构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。
There are a lt f peple in the classrm. The rest f the lecture is wnderful.
50% f the students in ur class are girls.
注：a number f 与the number f的区别
8. 在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。
There cmes the bus.
On the wall are many pictures.
Such is the result. Such are the facts.
逻辑一致
1. what， wh， which， any， mre， all等代词可以是单数，也可是复数，主要靠意思来决定。
Which is yur bag？Which are yur bags？
All is ging well. All have gne t Beijing.
2. 表示＂时间、重量、长度、价值＂等的名词的复数作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式，这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体。
Thirty minutes is enugh fr the wrk.
Ten miles is t lng.
3. 若主语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。
＂The Arabian Nights＂ is an interesting strybk.
4. 表数量的短语＂ne and a half＂后接复数名词作主语时，其谓语动词可用单数形式。
One and a half apples is left n the table.
一致原则
考点详解
例句
逻辑一致
5. 算式中表示数目（字）的主语通常作单数看待，其谓语动词采用单数形式。
Twelve plus eight is twenty.
Fifty-six divided by eight is seven.
6. 一些学科名词是以 –ics 结尾，如：mathematics，plitics，physics 以及news， wrks等，都属于形式上是复数的名词，实际意义为单数名词，它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
The paper wrks was built in 1990.
I think physics isn‘t easy t study.
7. trusers， glasses， clthes， shes，jeans 等词作主语时，谓语用复数，但如果这些名词前有a（the） pair f等量词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。
My glasses are brken.
The pair f shes under the bed is his.
8. ＂定冠词the + 形容词或分词＂，表示某一类人时，动词用复数。
The ld are taken gd care f.
9. a (large) quantity f 修饰可数或不可数名词, 作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
A large quantity f peple is needed here.
注意：quantities一般用复数。
Quantities f fd (nuts) were n the table.
10. a great deal f, a large amunt f 修饰不可数名词, 作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数; large amunts f 修饰不可数名词, 作主语时, 谓语动词通常用复数。
A large amunt f (A great deal f) damage was dne in a very shrt time.
Large amunts f mney were spent n the bridge.
就近一致
1. 当两个主语由either … r， neither … nr，whether … r …，nt nly …but als连接时，谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。
Either the teacher r the students are ur friends.
Neither they nr he is whlly right.
2. there be句型的be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。
There are tw chairs and a desk in the rm.
Here引导的句子用法同上。
如：Here is a map and a handbk fr yu.
主谓一致记忆口诀
单单复复最常见，集体名词谓用单。
如若强调其成员，复数谓语记心间。
有些名词谓常复，peple、plice即这般。
主语单数后接介，谓语单数介无关。
many a作主语也如此，谓语动词应用单。
r、nr、but als、there be，近主原则挂嘴边。
关系代词定主语，谓语根据先行词判。
不定式短语、动名词，主语从句谓全单。
时间、货币与距离，谓语多单复少见，
rest，means，fllwing等，意义决定其复、单。
nne，all，half f等，f之宾语定答案。
还有分数、百分数，仍据f之宾定复、单。
代词all指人谓复数，all指事情谓用单。
量词用法请注意，谓语要随量词变。
and连接两名词，身兼两职一定冠。
n，each，every后单名，两种事物一概念。
以上情况请记清，谓语动词全用单。
形容词带the一类人，姓氏复数加定冠，
-s结尾的海峡、山脉与群岛，谓语用复勿用单。
代词neither，either，each，用作主语谓全单。
一、语法一致
语法一致：就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
单数n.，不可数n., 不定式，动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数。
☛His father is wrking n the farm.
☛ Time is mney.
☛ T finish all the wrk n time is impssible.
☛Reading in the sun is bad fr yur eyes.
☛The children are in the classrm 2 hurs ag.
◆由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多用单数但如果表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的
并列结构时，谓语动词用复数。
☛What I bught were 3 English bks.
☛What I say and d are helpful t yu.
由and 或 连接起来的合成主语后面谓语动词用复数。
☛Lucy and Lily are twins.
☛She and I are friends.
☛Bth she and he are Yung Pineers.
◆如果and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语动词就用单数。
☛The writer and artist has cme.
◆由and 连接的并列单数主语前分别有each, every, n mre than a(an), many a(an)修饰时，谓语动词用单数。
☛Every student and every teacher was in the rm.
☛N by and n girl likes it.
主语后面有with, tgether with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, mre than, n less than, besides,
including等引起的短语时，谓语动词的单复数由主语的单复数决定。
☛Mr Green, tgether with his wife and children, has cme t China.
☛Nbdy but Jim and Mike was n the playgrund.
☛She, like yu and Tm, is very tall.
either, neither, each, every或n+单数neither/neither/nne f ＋复数名词，还有sme, any, n, every 构成的复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数。
☛Each f us has a new bk.
☛Everything arund us is matter.
☛Neither f the texts is interesting.
Nne f us has been t Suth Africa.
定语从句中，关系代词that, which, wh 作主语时，谓语动词的数和先行词一致。
☛He is ne f my students wh are wrking hard.
☛He is the nly ne f my friends wh is wrking hard.
【典例分析】
1.（2018·新课标卷I·语法填空）While running regularly can’t make yu live frever, the review says it 64 (be) mre effective at lengthening life 65 than walking, cycling r swimming.
【答案】is
【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。医学报告显示：跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。这里叙述的是一个事实，故用一般现在时，且主语是it，表示单数概念。故填is。
2. He is ne f the mst selfish men that _______ ever lived; that’s why hardly _______ making friends with him.
A. has；anyne likesB. have；des anyne like
C. has；n ne likesD. have；anyne likes
【答案】D
【解析】考查主谓一致。that引导的定语从句修饰的是名词复数men，因此定语从句的谓语动词应用have。第一个空考查的是定语从句中谓语动词的单复数，ne f+复数名词+关系代词+复数动词，因此第一个空用have；后半句译为＂那就是几乎没有任何人和他交朋友的原因＂，hardly表示＂几乎不＂，根据句意，后面应是肯定句，故排除C项；hardly作为否定副词放在句首时，句子才使用倒装语序，因此排除B项。故选D项。
集体名词family, class, crwd, cmmittee, ppulatin, audience等，指整体时，用单数；指集体的成员时，用复数。
☛His family is a happy ne.
☛The whle family are watching TV.
☛The ppulatin f China is 1400 millin.(人口)
☛One third f the ppulatin here are wrkers.(人)
◆peple, cattle, plice作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
由a lt f, lts f, plenty f, the rest f, the majrity f ＋名词，或者是分数/百分数＋名词构成的短语作主
语，谓语动词的数由名词的单复数决定。
☛The rest f the lecture is wnderful.
☛A lt f time is wasted.
☛A lt f peple take part in the meeting.
☛2/3 water is drunk by him.
☛2/3 students are absent.
倒装句中，谓语v.的数与其后的主语一致。
☛On the wall are many pictures.
☛Such is the result.
☛Such are the facts.
【典例分析】
（2018· 浙江卷· 语法填空）Few peple I knw seem t have much desire r time t ck. Making Chinese
56 (dish) is seen as especially trublesme.
【答案】dishes
【解析】考查名词。此处指中国菜，表示泛指应该用名词复数，故填dishes。
二、意义一致原则
表示时间、度量、长度、价值等的复数名词作主语，因为其在概念上是一个整体，谓语动词用单数。
☛Twenty minutes is enugh fr the wrk.
☛One hundred dllars is stlen frm the ATM.
如果是书名，片名，格言，剧名，报名，国名等的复数形式作主语，谓语动词用单数。
☛The Arabian Nights is an interesting stry bk.
ne and a half ＋复数n.，谓语动词用单数。
☛One and a half apples is left n the table.
算是中表示数目通常用单数（加减乘除）
表示学科的以-ics结尾的名词作主语，用单数。
☛Physics is an imprtant subject in middle schls.
☛Mathematics is the study f numbers.
☛Plitics, ecnmics, athletics等。
复数形式的单复数同形的名词作主语，意义一致。
☛The glass wrks was built up in 1980.
☛These glass wrks are near the railway statin.
由两部分组成的名词，trusers, glasses, shrts, scissrs等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。a pair f等量词时，
视情况而定。
The ＋ adj. 表示一类人，作主语时用复数。
☛The yung are usually very active.
☛The ld are lnely.
三、就近一致原则
就近一致：在英语句子中，有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。
1. 当两个主语由either … r， neither … nr，whether … r …，nt nly …but als连接时，谓语动词和邻
近的主语一致。
☛Neither his parents nr I am able t persuade him t change his mind.
他的父母和我都不能说服他改变注意。
2. there be句型的be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个
主语保持一致。
☛There are tw pens，a bk and three pencils n the desk. 书桌上有两支钢笔，一本书和三支铅笔。
☛There is a bk，tw pens and three pencils n the desk. 书桌上有一本书，两支钢笔和三支铅笔。
3. 在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。
☛Here is a map and a handbk fr yu. 这是一张你的地图和一本手册。
Such are the facts. 事实就是如此。
4. 就远原则：谓语动词与前面主语一致。
主语后面接连接性短语时，这种结构并不影响主语和谓语的关系，即谓语动词的数与主语的数保持一致。此类连接性短语有as well as，as much as，alng with，with，like，rather than， tgether with，but，except，besides，including，in additin t等。
☛Yur sister as well as yur parents is very kind t me.你姐姐和你父母一样，对我很好。
☛She，like yu and betty，is very clever.像你和betty一样，她也很聪明。
【典例分析】
The father as well as his three children ___________ skating n the frzen river every Sunday afternn in winter.
A. is gingB.gC.gesD.are ging
【答案】C
【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：在冬天的每个星期天下午，这位父亲和他的三个孩子都去结冰的河面上滑冰。当 as well as 连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的数应与as well as前面的名词或代词保持一致。本题的谓语动词应与The father保持一致，用单数形式；由时间状语 every Sunday afternn可知，本句应用一般现在时。故选C项。
四、 ＂名词+介词短语＂作主语
名词或代词后接as well as，with，alng with，tgether with，except，but等短语作主语时，谓语动词的形式应和介词短语前的名词或代词的人称和数保持一致。
☛She as well as ther students likes playing cmputer games. 她和其他学生都喜欢玩电脑游戏。
☛He with his parents is wrking in the fields. 他正和他的父母在地里干活。
☛Nbdy but yu and me knws it. 除了你和我，没人知道。
五、不定代词作主语
1. 当作主语的名词前有each，neither，either，every修饰或each，neither，either作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
☛Each student has a bk. 每一个学生都有一本书。
☛Either answer is crrect. 两个答案都是正确的。
☛Neither parent is with him. 他的父母都没有和他在一起。
☛Every minute is imprtant t us. 每一分钟对大家都很重要。
2. 当复合不定代词smene，anyne，smebdy，anybdy，nbdy，everybdy，smething，anything，nthing，everything等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
☛Smebdy is waiting fr yu utside. 有人在外面等你。
☛Is everybdy here tday? 今天大家都到了吗?
☛Smething is wrng with my watch. 我的手表出故障了。
☛Nbdy was away yesterday. 昨天没有人离开。
【典例分析】
All we need ___________ a small piece f land where we can plant varius kinds f fruit trees thrughut the grwing seasns f the year.
A. areB. wasC. isD. were
【答案】C
【解析】考查主谓一致及时态用法。句中的主语为代词all，代指的是物，故谓语动词用单数形式。再根据从句中的can可以判断用一般现在时。句意：我们所需要的是一小块土地，在整个一年的生长季节，我们能够种各种不同的水果树。故C正确。
六、特殊名词作主语
1. 国名、人名、书名、报刊名、组织机构等专有名词作主语时，即使其形式上是复数，谓语动词也要用单数。
☛The United States lies t the east f China. 美国在中国的东方。(国名)
☛Engels was gd at learning freign languages. 恩格斯擅长学外语。(人名)
2. ＂the+形容词＂作主语时，表示某类人，谓语动词用复数。
☛The sick are taken gd care f. 病人得到很好的照顾。
☛The ld are suppsed t be spken t plitely. 跟老人讲话要有礼貌。
3. 以-s结尾的学科名词，如maths，physics，plitics等和以-s结尾的抽象名词，如news，plastics等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。
☛Physics is very difficult fr me t learn. 物理对我来讲很难学。
☛The news was very exciting. 这条新闻十分激动人心。
4. 单复数形式相同的名词，如Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由名词前的修饰语来确定。
☛A Chinese wants t see yu. 一个中国人想见你。
☛Ten sheep are eating grass there. 那边有10只绵羊在吃草。
【注意】Chinese，Japanese，English等前加the表示一国人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
The Chinese speak Chinese. 中国人说汉语。
七、表数量概念的词或短语作主语
1. 表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词作主语时，通常看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。
☛Ten years has passed quickly. 10年很快就过去了。
☛Ten dllars is enugh. 10美元就够了。
☛100 kilmeters is a lng way. 100千米是一段很长的路。
2. 加减乘除运算中的谓语动词用单数，其中加法与乘法也可用复数。
☛Tw and tw is/are fur. 2加2等于4。
☛Six times ne is/are six. 6乘以1等于6。
3. ＂many a/mre than ne+单数名词＂作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
☛There is mre than ne answer. 有不止一个答案。
☛Many a student has passed the exam. 许多学生通过了考试。
4. ＂ne and a half+复数名词＂作主语时，谓语用单数。
☛One and a half days is all I can spare. 一天半是我所能支配的全部时间。
☛One and a half pears is left n the plate. 一个半梨被留在盘子里。
5. the rest f... 短语作主语时，如果f后接复数名词，谓语用复数；如果f后接不可数名词，谓语用单数。
☛The rest f the bikes are n sale. 余下的自行车降价出售。
☛The rest f the bread is gne. 剩余的面包不见了。
6. ＂nne f+复数名词＂作主语时，谓语动词既可以用单数也可以用复数。
☛Nne f the dgs was/were there. 那儿没有狗。
7.＂a number f+名词复数＂表示＂许多/大量的……＂，其后的谓语动词用复数；＂the number f+名词复
数＂表示＂……的数量＂，其中心词为number，故谓语动词用单数。
☛A number f farmers are standing ver there. 许多农民站在那边。
☛The number f the students in this schl has reached ver 2，000.
这所学校的学生数量已达到2000多人。
8. ＂a lt f/lts f/plenty f+名词＂作主语，谓语动词由f后的名词来确定。如果f后是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数；如果f后是复数名词，谓语动词用复数。
☛A lt f time is needed. 需要大量的时间。
☛Plenty f wrkers are wrking. 许多工人在工作。
八、动名词、不定式和从句作主语
动名词、不定式或从句作主语时，谓语一般用单数。
☛Ding mrning exercises is gd fr yur bdy. 做早操对你的身体有益。
☛T play with fire near a gas statin is very dangerus. 在加油站附近玩火很危险。
☛What he said at the meeting is very imprtant. 他在会上的发言很重要。
【典例分析】
The university estimates that living expenses fr internatinal students ________ arund $8，450 a year, which ________ a burden fr sme f them.
A. are；is B. are；are C. is；are D. is；is
【答案】A
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：那所大学估计，对国际学生来说，一年的生活开销大约是8450美元，这对他们中某些学生来说是一个负担。第一空的主语是living expenses，是复数，因此谓语动词用复数；第二空的主语是which，指代的是前面整个句子，因此谓语动词用单数。
【巧学妙记】
【检测训练】
1. Large quantities f infrmatin, as well as timely help________ t us ver the past 2 years.
A. have been fferedB. has been ffered
C. was fferedD. had been ffered
2. At that time ________tw imprtant players ________a big prblem fr Lang Ping.
A. t lse; isB. lsing; was
C. lse; wasD. lsing; is
3. Nw Mr. Lee, alng with all his students, ________ discussing Reading Skills which was newly published in America.
A. isB. areC. have beenD. had been
4. The famus musician , as well as his students________ t perfrm at the pening ceremny last year.
A. were invitedB. was invitedC. have been invitedD. has been invited
5. Mr. Wang was the nly ne f the mst ________ teachers wh ________ praised n Teachers' Day.
A. inspiring; wasB. inspired; wasC. inspiring; wereD. inspired; were
6. Many a quarrel ________ thrugh a misunderstanding.
A. has cme acrssB. has cme abutC. have cme utD. have cme up
7. -When is Jack ging t finish writing that essay?
I dn't knw. He _______ day in and day ut
A. has been wrkingB. has wrked
C. had been wrkingD. was wrking
8. It ____ Madame Curie and his husband Pierre wh discvered radium.
A. isB. wasC. areD. were
9. _________yur teacher _____ frm them very ften? Certainly.
A. D, hearB. Des, hearC. D, receiveD. Des. receive
10. Which teacher _________ lessns t yu every day?
A. des givesB. des giveC. d giveD. gives
11. I feel it is yu as well as yur wife that ______ fr yur sn's bad perfrmance at schl.
A. are t blameB. is t be blamed
C. are t be blamedD. is t blame
12. Have yu read all the infrmatin that this case?
A. relateB. relate tC. relates tD. relates
13. Sitting ver there was the student wh they thught __________ t speak at the pening ceremny.
A. selectedB. selectingC. was selectedD. selects
14. Amng thse presents _____ an iPad that his father gave him fr his birthday.
A. have includedB. is includedC. has includedD. are included
15. The publicatin f Great Expectatins, which ______ bth widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’s status as a leading nvelist.
A. have beenB. wereC. wasD. will be
16. —Hw much d yu knw abut Nlan’s’ new film t be released next mnth?
—Well. the Mvie Channel ________ it in a variety f frms.
A. cversB. cveredC. has cveredD. will cver
17. The evidence suggests that single fathers ____ mre likely t wrk than single mthers.
A. shuld beB. areC. \D. be
18. Hw t prtect children frm unsuitable material n sme websites while encuraging them t use the Internet __________ in many areas f the wrld.
A. have lng been discussedB. has lng been discussed
C. were lng been discussedD. was lng been discussed
19. This is ne f the largest factries been rebuilt since last year.
A. which haveB. that haveC. which hasD. that has
20. The number f peple in the wrld ________ abut 6 billin and large quantities f waste _______ each year.
A. ttal; has been prducedB. ttals; is prduced
C. ttals; are prducedD. ttal; are being prduced
21. Generally speaking, tiredness _____ directly ______ a driver’s respnse time.
A. is; relate tB. is; related tC. be; relating tD. be; related t
22. Over the past decade, the number f Mnarch butterflies _____________ significantly.
A. has fallenB. fellC. is fallingD. have fallen
23. The bk with cartns in them __________ intended fr children aged 2-8.
A. have beenB. isC. areD. were
24. The newly-published nvel is s ppular that mre than ne cpy sld ut.
A. have beenB. has beenC. haveD. are
25. We travelled in Eurpe and visited sme caves that early Viking times in abut
800 A. D.
A. date back tB. are dated back tC. were dated frmD. dating frm
26. As we knw, tw thirds f the earth _________ cvered with water..
A. areB. wasC. isD. were
27. Zhng Nanshan, as well as three ther utstanding medical wrkers,__________the highest hnr f ur cuntry last mnth.
A. are awardedB. is awardedC. were awardedD. was awarded
28. The prpsal that smart devices shuld carry security labels was intrduced a vluntary basis at first, which _______the research findings that these devices were able t put cnsumers' privacy and security at risk.
A. n, based nB. by, based n
C. n, was based nD. by, was based n
29. At the ft f the muntain____________a family,________members make a living by raising cattle and sheep.
A. lives, itsB. lives, whseC. live, whereD. live, whse
30. Meat _______ ut in this shp. We can _________ nw.
A. have been sld, get nthingB. has been sld, get nthing
C. has been sld, get smeD. have been sld, get sme
31. Officials say that few patients ____with the COVID-19 wing t the effective preventin.
A. infectedB. have infectedC. be infectedD. are infected
32. The church twer which __________ nw will be pen t turists sn. The wrk is almst finished.
A. has builtB. has been builtC. is buildingD. is being built
33. Visitrs have n access ______ the remains f the building that _______ being studied by the archaelgists.
A. t; wasB. f; wasC. f; wereD. t; were
34. Large quantities f mney _________ spent n the prject s far; it is enugh.
A. isB. wereC. has beenD. have been
35. It is yu rather than Lucy wh________fr the accident.
A. is t blameB. is t be blamed
C. shuld blameD. are t blame
36. ________nthing t d with us.
A. What she did haveB. What she did is
C. What did she d hasD. What she has dne has
37. A lt f new wden furniture, as well as sme latest husehld appliances, ________ by the Smiths fr their new huse a week ag.
A. has been bughtB. have been bught
C. was bughtD. were bught
38. There________a girl and tw bys waiting fr yu since this mrning.
A. wasB. wereC. has beenD. have been
39. Accrding t dctrs, three hurs f utdr exercise a week gd fr health.
A. isB. areC. haveD. has
40. When and hw t restre daily life______yet.
A. has nt been decidedB. are nt decidedC. is nt decidedD. have nt decided
41. I, wh______yur clse friend, will try my best t help yu ut f truble.
A. amB. isC. areD. be
42. Nthing but several glasses______bught by my father the day befre yesterday.
A. have beenB. wereC. wasD. wuld be
43. There _______ a series f creative inventins that are being exhibited in the centre.
A. wasB. wereC. areD. is
44. （2014·湖南）All we need _________ a small piece f land where we can plant varius kinds f fruit trees thrughut the grwing seasns f the year.
A. areB. was
C. isD. were
45. At the ft f the hill ________ a big lake surrunded by trees.
A. laysB. is layingC. liesD. is lying
46. —Tmrrw yu'll g t yur new schl t study.
—Yes, a new term I am lking frward ________.
A. t arrivingB. t arriveC. t arrivesD. arrives
47. All the facts in Califrnia’s recrd-breaking heatwave suggest that the wildfires t the brutally ht temperature, s it’s suggested that peple with health prblem carefully.
A. were linked; are taken care fB. be linked; be taken care f
C. shuld be linked; are attended tD. were linked; be attended t
48. It's reprted that a large number f peple ________ been killed and the number _______added up t nearly 70,000.
A. has; hasB. have; have
C. has; haveD. have; has
49. The dctr suggested that she _______ in bed, while her smiling face suggested there ______ nthing serius.
A. stay; wasB. stayed; wasC. stayed; beD. stay; be
50. We live day by day,but in the great things,the time f days and weeks_______s small that a day is unimprtant.
A. isB. are
C. has beenD. have been
一致原则
考点详解
例句
语法一致
1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。
His father is wrking n the farm.
T study English well is nt easy.
What he said is very imprtant fr us all.
The children were in the classrm tw hurs ag.
Reading in the sun is bad fr yur eyes.
2. 由连接词and或bth …… and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。
Lucy and Lily are twins.
She and I are classmates.
The by and the girl were surprised when they heard the news.
Bth she and he are Yung Pineers.
3. 主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with，tgether with，except，but，like，as well as，rather than，mre than，n less than， besides，including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。
Mr. Green，tgether with his wife and children，has cme t China.
Nbdy but Jim and Mike was n the playgrund.
She，like yu and Tm，is very tall.
4. either，neither，each，every 或n +单数名词和由sme，any，n，every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。
Each f us has a new bk.
Everything arund us is matter.
5. 在定语从句中，关系代词that，wh， which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。
He is ne f my friends wh are wrking hard.
He is the nly ne f my friends wh is wrking hard.
6. 如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数；如果它指集体的成员，其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family, class, crwd, cmmittee, ppulatin, audience等。
Class Fur is n the third flr.
Class Fur are unable t agree upn a mnitr.
注：peple，plice，cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如：The plice are lking fr the lst child.
7. 由＂a lt f，lts f，plenty f，the rest f，the majrity f +名词＂构成的短语以及由＂分数或百分数+名词＂构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。
There are a lt f peple in the classrm. The rest f the lecture is wnderful.
50% f the students in ur class are girls.
注：a number f 与the number f的区别
8. 在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。
There cmes the bus.
On the wall are many pictures.
Such is the result. Such are the facts.
逻辑一致
1. what， wh， which， any， mre， all等代词可以是单数，也可是复数，主要靠意思来决定。
Which is yur bag？Which are yur bags？
All is ging well. All have gne t Beijing.
2. 表示＂时间、重量、长度、价值＂等的名词的复数作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式，这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体。
Thirty minutes is enugh fr the wrk.
Ten miles is t lng.
3. 若主语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。
＂The Arabian Nights＂ is an interesting strybk.
4. 表数量的短语＂ne and a half＂后接复数名词作主语时，其谓语动词可用单数形式。
One and a half apples is left n the table.
一致原则
考点详解
例句
逻辑一致
5. 算式中表示数目（字）的主语通常作单数看待，其谓语动词采用单数形式。
Twelve plus eight is twenty.
Fifty-six divided by eight is seven.
6. 一些学科名词是以 –ics 结尾，如：mathematics，plitics，physics 以及news， wrks等，都属于形式上是复数的名词，实际意义为单数名词，它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
The paper wrks was built in 1990.
I think physics isn‘t easy t study.
7. trusers， glasses， clthes， shes，jeans 等词作主语时，谓语用复数，但如果这些名词前有a（the） pair f等量词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。
My glasses are brken.
The pair f shes under the bed is his.
8. ＂定冠词the + 形容词或分词＂，表示某一类人时，动词用复数。
The ld are taken gd care f.
9. a (large) quantity f 修饰可数或不可数名词, 作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
A large quantity f peple is needed here.
注意：quantities一般用复数。
Quantities f fd (nuts) were n the table.
10. a great deal f, a large amunt f 修饰不可数名词, 作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数; large amunts f 修饰不可数名词, 作主语时, 谓语动词通常用复数。
A large amunt f (A great deal f) damage was dne in a very shrt time.
Large amunts f mney were spent n the bridge.
就近一致
1. 当两个主语由either … r， neither … nr，whether … r …，nt nly …but als连接时，谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。
Either the teacher r the students are ur friends.
Neither they nr he is whlly right.
2. there be句型的be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。
There are tw chairs and a desk in the rm.
Here引导的句子用法同上。
如：Here is a map and a handbk fr yu.
主谓一致记忆口诀
单单复复最常见，集体名词谓用单。
如若强调其成员，复数谓语记心间。
有些名词谓常复，peple、plice即这般。
主语单数后接介，谓语单数介无关。
many a作主语也如此，谓语动词应用单。
r、nr、but als、there be，近主原则挂嘴边。
关系代词定主语，谓语根据先行词判。
不定式短语、动名词，主语从句谓全单。
时间、货币与距离，谓语多单复少见，
rest，means，fllwing等，意义决定其复、单。
nne，all，half f等，f之宾语定答案。
还有分数、百分数，仍据f之宾定复、单。
代词all指人谓复数，all指事情谓用单。
量词用法请注意，谓语要随量词变。
and连接两名词，身兼两职一定冠。
n，each，every后单名，两种事物一概念。
以上情况请记清，谓语动词全用单。
形容词带the一类人，姓氏复数加定冠，
-s结尾的海峡、山脉与群岛，谓语用复勿用单。
代词neither，either，each，用作主语谓全单。
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