高中英语高考精品解析：2019年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅰ）（原卷版）

这是一份高中英语高考精品解析：2019年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅰ）（原卷版），共13页。试卷主要包含了15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例:Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1.Where des this cnversatin take place?【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. In a classrm.B. In a hspital.C. In a museum.
2.What des Jack want t d?【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Take fitness classes.
B. Buy a pair f gym shes.
C. Change his wrk schedule.
3.What are the speakers talking abut?【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. What t drink.B. Where t meet.C. When t leave.
4.What is the relatinship between the speakers?【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Clleges.B. Classmates.C. Strangers.
5.Why is Emily mentined in the cnversatin?【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. She might want a ticket.
B. She is lking fr the man.
C. She has an extra ticket.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Hw lng did James run his business？
A. 10 years.B. 13 years.C. 15 years.
7. Hw des the wman feel abut James' situatin？
A. Embarrassed.B. Cncerned.C. Disappinted.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What has Kate's mther decided t d？
A. Return t schl.B. Change her jb.C. Retire frm wrk.
9. What did Kate's mther study at cllege？
A. Oil painting.B. Art histry.C. Business administratin.
10. What is Kate's attitude tward her mther's decisin?
A. Disapprving.B. Ambiguus.C. Understanding.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What is the man ding？
A. Chairing a meeting.
B. Hsting a radi prgram.
C. Cnducting a jb interview.
12. What benefits Mary mst in her jb？
A. Her wide reading.B. Her leaders' guidance.C. Her friends' help
13. Wh will Mary talk abut next？
A. Her teacher.B. Her father.C. Her mther.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Why des the man seldm d exercise？
A. He lacks mtivatin.
B. He has a heart prblem.
C. He wrks all the time.
15. What des Jacb Sattelmair prbably d？
A. He's an athlete.B. He's a researcher.C. He's a jurnalist.
16. Why des the wman speak f a study？
A. T encurage the man.
B. T recmmend an exercise.
C. T supprt her findings.
17. Hw much time will the man prbably spend exercising weekly？
A. 300 minutes.B. 150 minute.C. 75 minutes.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. What did the scientists d t the rad？
A. They repaired it.B. They painted it.C. They blcked it
19. Why are yung birds drawn t the rad surface？
A. It's warm.B. It's brwn.C. It's smth.
20. What is the purpse f the scientists' experiment？
A. T keep the birds there fr a whle year.
B. T help students study the birds well.
C. T prevent the birds frm being killed.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Need a Jb This Summer?
The prvincial gvernment and its partners ffer many prgrams t help students find summer jbs. The deadlines and what yu need t apply depend n the prgram.
Nt a student? G t the gvernment website t learn abut prgrams and nline tls available t help peple under 30 build skills, find a jb r start businesses all year rund.
Jbs fr Yuth
If yu are a teenager living in certain parts f the prvince, yu culd be eligible(符合条件) fr this prgram, which prvides eight weeks f paid emplyment alng with training.
Wh is eligible: Yuth 15-18 years ld in select cmmunities(社区).
Summer Cmpany
Summer Cmpany prvides students with hands-n business training and awards f up t $3,000 t start and run their wn summer businesses.
Wh is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning t schl in the fall.
Stewardship Yuth Ranger Prgram
Yu culd apply t be a Stewardship Yuth Ranger and wrk n lcal natural resurce management prjects fr eight weeks this summer.
Wh is eligible: Students aged 16 r 17 at time f hire, but nt turning 18 befre December 31 this year.
Summer Emplyment Opprtunities(机会)
Thrugh the Summer Emplyment Opprtunities prgram, students are hired each year in a variety f summer psitins acrss the Prvincial Public Service, its related agencies and cmmunity grups.
Wh is eligible: Students aged 15 r lder. Sme psitins require students t be 15 t 24 r up t 29 fr persns with a disability.
21. What is special abut Summer Cmpany?
A. It requires n training befre emplyment.
B. It prvides awards fr running new businesses.
C. It allws ne t wrk in the natural envirnment.
D. It ffers mre summer jb pprtunities.
22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Yuth Ranger Prgram?
A. 15-18.B. 15-24.C. 15-29.D. 16-17.
23. Which prgram favrs the disabled?
A. Jbs fr Yuth.B. Summer Cmpany.
C. Stewardship Yuth Ranger Prgram.D. Summer Emplyment Opprtunities.
B
Fr Canaan Elementary’s secnd grade in Patchgue, N.Y., tday is speech day, and right nw it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-ld is the jker f the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind f kid wh wuld enjy public speaking.
But he’s nervus. “I’m here t tell yu tday why yu shuld … shuld…” Chris trips n the “-ld,” a prnunciatin difficulty fr many nn-native English speakers. His teacher, Thmas Whaley, is next t him, whispering supprt. “…Vte fr …me …” Except fr sme stumbles, Chris is ding amazingly well. When he brings his speech t a nice cnclusin, Whaley invites the rest f the class t praise him.
A sn f immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little ver three years ag. Whaley recalls(回想起) hw at the beginning f the year, when called upn t read, Chris wuld excuse himself t g t the bathrm.
Learning English as a secnd language can be a painful experience. What yu need is a great teacher wh lets yu make mistakes. “It takes a lt fr any student,” Whaley explains, “especially fr a student wh is learning English as their new language, t feel cnfident enugh t say, ‘I dn’t knw, but I want t knw.’”
Whaley gt the idea f this secnd-grade presidential campaign prject when he asked the children ne day t raise their hands if they thught they culd never be a president. The answer brke his heart. Whaley says the prject is abut mre than just learning t read and speak in public. He wants these kids t learn t bast(夸耀) abut themselves.
“Basting abut yurself, and yur best qualities,” Whaley says, “is very difficult fr a child wh came int the classrm nt feeling cnfident.”
24. What made Chris nervus?
A. Telling a stry.B. Making a speech.
C. Taking a test.D. Answering a questin.
25. What des the underlined wrd “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A. Imprper pauses.B. Bad manners.C. Spelling mistakes.D. Silly jkes.
26. We can infer that the purpse f Whaley’s prject is t _________.
A help students see their wn strengths
B. assess students’ public speaking skills
C. prepare students fr their future jbs
D. inspire students’ lve fr plitics
27 Which f the fllwing best describes Whaley as a teacher?
A. Humrus.B. Ambitius.C. Caring.D. Demanding.
C
As data and identity theft becmes mre and mre cmmn the market is grwing fr bimetric(生物测量) technlgies—like fingerprint scans—t keep thers ut f private e-spaces. At present, these technlgies are still expensive, thugh.
Researchers frm Gergia Tech say that they have cme up with a lw-cst device(装置) that gets arund this prblem: a smart keybard. This smart keybard precisely measures the cadence(节奏) with which ne types and the pressure fingers apply t each key. The keybard culd ffer a strng layer f security by analyzing things like the frce f a user’s typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique t each persn. Thus, the keybard can determine peple’s identities, and by extensin, whether they shuld be given access t the cmputer it’s cnnected t—regardless f whether smene gets the passwrd right.
It als desn’t require a new type f technlgy that peple aren’t already familiar with. Everybdy uses a keybard and everybdy types differently.
In a study describing the technlgy, the researchers had 100 vlunteers type the wrd “tuch” fur times using the smart keybard. Data cllected frm the device culd be used t recgnize different participants based n hw they typed, with very lw errr rates. The researchers say that the keybard shuld be pretty straightfrward t cmmercialize and is mstly made f inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hpes t make it t market in the near future.
28. Why d the researchers develp the smart keybard?
A. T reduce pressure n keys.B. T imprve accuracy in typing.
C. T replace the passwrd system.D. T cut the cst f e-space prtectin.
29. What makes the inventin f the smart keybard pssible?
A. Cmputers are much easier t perate.
B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develp fast.
C. Typing patterns vary frm persn t persn.
D. Data security measures are guaranteed.
30. What d the researchers expect f the smart keybard?
A. It’ll be envirnment-friendly.B. It’ll reach cnsumers sn.
C. It’ll be made f plastics.D. It’ll help speed up typing.
31. Where is this text mst likely frm?
A. A diary.B. A guidebkC. A nvel.D. A magazine.
D
During the rsy years f elementary schl(小学), I enjyed sharing my dlls and jkes, which allwed me t keep my high scial status. I was the queen f the playgrund. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cl kids. They rse in the ranks nt by being friendly but by smking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jkes n thers, amng whm I sn fund myself.
Ppularity is a well-explred subject in scial psychlgy. Mitch Prinstein, a prfessr f clinical psychlgy srts the ppular int tw categries: the likable and the status seekers. The likables’ plays-well-with-thers qualities strengthen schlyard friendships, jump-start interpersnal skills and, when tapped early, are emplyed ever after in life and wrk. Then there’s the kind f ppularity that appears in adlescence: status brn f pwer and even dishnrable behavir.
Enviable as the cl kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein’s studies shw unpleasant cnsequences. Thse wh were highest in status in high schl, as well as thse least liked in elementary schl, are “mst likely t engage(从事) in dangerus and risky behavir.”
In ne study, Dr. Prinstein examined the tw types f ppularity in 235 adlescents, scring the least liked, the mst liked and the highest in status based n student surveys(调查研究). “We fund that the least well-liked teens had becme mre aggressive ver time tward their classmates. But s had thse wh were high in status. It clearly shwed that while likability can lead t healthy adjustment, high status has just the ppsite effect n us.”
Dr. Prinstein has als fund that the qualities that made the neighbrs want yu n a play date—sharing, kindness, penness—carry ver t later years and make yu better able t relate and cnnect with thers.
In analyzing his and ther research, Dr. Prinstein came t anther cnclusin: Nt nly is likability related t psitive life utcmes, but it is als respnsible fr thse utcmes, t. “Being liked creates pprtunities fr learning and fr new kinds f life experiences that help smebdy gain an advantage, ” he said.
32. What srt f girl was the authr in her early years f elementary schl?
A. Unkind.B. Lnely.C. Generus.D. Cl.
33. What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A. The classificatin f the ppular.
B. The characteristics f adlescents.
C. The imprtance f interpersnal skills.
D. The causes f dishnrable behavir.
34. What did Dr. Prinstein’s study find abut the mst liked kids?
A. They appeared t be aggressive.
B. They tended t be mre adaptable.
C. They enjyed the highest status.
D. They perfrmed well academically.
35. What is the best title fr the text?
A Be Nice—Yu Wn’t Finish Last
B. The Higher the Status, the Better
C. Be the Best—Yu Can Make It
D. Mre Self-Cntrl, Less Aggressiveness
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is Fresh Air Really Gd fr Yu?
We all grew up hearing peple tell us t “g ut and get sme fresh air.” ___36___ Accrding t recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in yur camping area is gd.
___37___ If the air yu’re breathing is clean—which it wuld be if yu’re away frm the smg f cities—then the air is filled with life-giving, energizing xygen. If yu exercise ut f drs, yur bdy will learn t breathe mre deeply, allwing even mre xygen t get t yur muscles(肌肉) and yur brain.
Recently, peple have begun studying the cnnectin between the natural wrld and healing(治愈). ___38___ In these places patients can g t be near nature during their recvery. It turns ut that just lking at green, grwing things can reduce stress, lwer bld pressure, and put peple int a better md(情绪).Greenery is gd fr us. Hspital patients wh see tree branches ut their windw are likely t recver at a faster rate than patients wh see buildings r sky instead. ___39___ It gives us a great feeling f peace.
___40___While the sun’s rays can age and harm ur skin, they als give us beneficial Vitamin D . T make sure yu get enugh Vitamin D—but still prtect yur skin—put n sunscreen right as yu head utside. It takes sunscreen abut fifteen minutes t start wrking, and that’s plenty f time fr yur skin t absrb a day’s wrth f Vitamin D .
A. Fresh air cleans ur lungs.
B. S what are yu waiting fr?
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Anther side benefit f getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as gd fr yu as yur mther always said?
F. Just as imprtantly, we tend t assciate air with health care.
G. All acrss the cuntry, recvery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every year abut 40,000 peple attempt t climb Kilimanjar, the highest muntain in Africa. They ___41___ with them lts f waste. The ___42___ might damage the beauty f the place. The glaciers(冰川) are disappearing, changing the ___43___ f Kilimanjar.
Hearing these stries, I’m ___44___ abut the place — ther destinatins are described as “purer” natural experiences.
Hwever, I sn ___45___ that much has changed since the days f disturbing reprts f ___46___ amng tns f rubbish. I find a ___47___ muntain, with tilets at camps and alng the paths. The envirnmental challenges are ___48___ but the effrts made by the Tanzania Natinal Park Authrity seem t be ___49___.
The best f a Kilimanjar ____50____, in my pinin, isn’t reaching the tp. Muntains are ____51____ as spiritual places by many cultures. This ____52____ is especially evident n Kilimanjar as ____53____ g thrugh five ecsystems(生态系统) in the space f a few kilmeters. At the base is a rainfrest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, ____54____ lands f lw grwing plants. Further up, the weather ____55____ — lw cluds envelpe the muntainsides, which are cvered with thick grass. I ____56____ twelve shades f green frm where I stand. Abve 4, 000 meters is the highland ____57____: gravel(砾石), stnes and rcks. ____58____ yu climb int an arctic-like zne with ____59____ snw and the glaciers that may sn disappear.
Des Kilimanjar ____60____ its reputatin as a crwded muntain with lines f turists ruining the atmsphere f peace? I fund the ppsite t be true.
41. A. keepB. mixC. cnnectD. bring
42. A. striesB. buildingsC. crwdsD. reprters
43. A. psitinB. ageC. faceD. name
44. A. silentB. skepticalC. seriusD. crazy
45. A. discverB. argueC. decideD. advcate
46. A. equipmentB. grassC. campsD. stnes
47. A. remteB. quietC. tallD. clean
48. A. newB. specialC. significantD. necessary
49. A. paying ffB. spreading utC. blwing upD. fading away
50. A. atmsphereB. experienceC. experimentD. sight
51. A. studiedB. bservedC. explredD. regarded
52. A. viewB. qualityC. reasnD. purpse
53. A. scientistsB. climbersC. lcalsD. fficials
54. A. hlding n tB. ging back tC. living up tD. giving way t
55. A. changesB. clearsC. imprvesD. permits
56. A. matchB. imagineC. cuntD. add
57. A. villageB. desertC. radD. lake
58. A. ObviuslyB. EasilyC. CnsequentlyD. Finally
59. A. permanentB. littleC. freshD. artificial
60. A. enjyB. deserveC. saveD. acquire
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The plar bear is fund in the Arctic Circle and sme big land masses as far suth as Newfundland. While they are rare nrth f 88°, there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way acrss the Arctic, and as far suth as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult t figure ut a glbal ppulatin f plar bears as much f the range has been ___62___(pr) studied; hwever, bilgists calculate that there are abut 20,000-25,000 plar bears wrldwide.
Mdern methds ___63___ tracking plar bear ppulatins have been emplyed nly since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___(perfrm) cnsistently ver a large area. In recent years sme Inuit peple in Nunavut ___65___(reprt) increases in bear sightings arund human settlements, leading t a ___66___(believe) that ppulatins are increasing. Scientists have respnded by ___67___(nte) that hungry bears may be cngregating(聚集) arund human settlements, leading t the illusin(错觉) that ppulatins are ___68___(high) than they actually are. Of ___69___ nineteen recgnized plar bear subppulatins, three are declining, six ____70____(be) stable, ne is increasing, and nine lack enugh data.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I became interesting in playing ftball thanks t a small accident. One afternn where I was in primary schl, I was walking by the schl playgrund. Suddenly ftball fell just in frnt f me but almst hit me. I stpped the ball and kicked it hardly back t the playgrund. T everyne’s surprising, the ball went int the net. All the ftball player n the playgrund cheered ludly, say that I had a talent fr ftball. Frm nw n, I started t play my ftball with classmates after schl. I am a gd player nw.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
72.假定你李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 个人优势；
3. 能做的事情。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 结束语已为你写好。
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