高中英语高考解密09 名词性从句 （教师版）-—【高频考点解密】2021年山东新高考英语二轮复习讲义+分层训练

这是一份高中英语高考解密09 名词性从句 （教师版）-—【高频考点解密】2021年山东新高考英语二轮复习讲义+分层训练，共29页。




解密09名词性从句

考点详解



【命题解读】
1.了解名词性从句的基本用法，掌握名词性从句的引导词及引导词在名词性从句中的作用，辨析that与what,if
与whether等引导词的用法。
2.明确it作形式主语和形式宾语、代替主语从句及宾语从句的用法，及其与强调句的区别。
3.区分that引导的同位语从句及定语从句。
【命题预测】
预计今后高考对名词性从句的考查仍然不会单纯地考查其语法结构，而是将其融入一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。
【复习建议】
1. 掌握宾语从句的用法；
2. 了解同位语从句的用法；
3. 掌握表语从句的用法；
4. 掌握主语从句的用法；
5. 如何正确选择引导词。

考向1 主语从句


主语从句是在复合句中担任主语的句子。其特点有：
（1）引导词：
从属连词 that, whether；
连接代词 who, what, which；
whoever, whatever, whichever;
连接副词 when, where, how和why。
（2）语序：陈述句语序
（3）在主语从句中只能用whether,不能用if
That he will win the match is certain.
It is certain that he will win the match.
1. 一般来说主语从句都是放在句首，但有时为了使句子保持平衡，避免"头重脚轻",常用it 作形式主语，从
而把主语从句放后面。常以it作形式主语的句型有：
①It is＋形容词＋that...
☞It is certain that she will do well in her exam．
毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。
②It is＋名词词组(no wonder，an honour，a good thing，a pity，no surprise，common knowledge，a surprise，
a fact，etc．)＋that...
☞It’s a pity that we can’t go．
很遗憾我们不能去。
③It is＋过去分词(said，reported，thought，expected，decided，announced，arranged，etc．)＋that...
☞It has been suggested that much should be done to prevent the river from being polluted．
有人建议应做更多的工作阻止河流遭受污染。
④It appears/seems that...|It happens that...|It occurred to me that...|It turned out that...
☞It turned out that nobody remembered the address．
结果发现没人记得这地址。
⑤It doesn’t matter that...|It makes no difference that...
☞It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not．
她是否来这无关紧要。
2. 当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。
☞Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow？
他们明天不来很要紧吗？
3. 当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。
☞How strange it is that the children are so quiet！孩子们这么安静真奇怪！

1.（2020.江苏卷.单项填空）It is not a problem _____ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
A. whether B. why C. when D. where
【答案】A
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题；这只是时间问题。A. whether是否；B. why为什么；C. when什么时候；D. where在哪里。根据下文it’s just a matter of time可知，此处指”我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题”，it是形式主语，whether引导的从句是真正的主语。故选A。
2. (2018·天津卷·单项填空)The gold medal will be awarded ___________to wins the first place in the bicycle race.
A. whomever B. wherever C. whoever D. whatever
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】考查名词性从句连接词。句意：无论谁获得自行车比赛第一名，金牌将授予他。分析句子可知，宾语从句中缺少主语，故用whoever，表示“任何人，无论谁”。故选C。
3.（2017·北京卷·单项填空）Every year, _______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
A. whatever B. whoever C. whomever D. whichever
【参考答案】B　
【答案解析】考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，________ makes the most beautiful kite作主语，且所填词指人，既作从句的主语又作主句的主语，所以选 whoever(whomever不能作主语)。句意：每年， 在风筝节上风筝做得最漂亮的人都会赢得奖品。
4.（2016·江苏卷·单项填空）It is often the case ____________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
A. why B. what C. as D. that
【参考答案】D
【答案解析】考查主语从句。本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是连接词that引导的主语从句，连接词that在本句中不充当任何成分，只是一个引导词而已，不能省略。连接副词why要在句中作状语，连接代词what通常在句中作主语、宾语或表语等；as通常不引导名词性从句。句意：对于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是事实。故D正确。
【归纳总结】
主语从句的规律
规律一、主语从句一律用陈述语序，即主语在前，谓语在后。
例1.When will he come is not known.
正：When he will come is not known.
规律二、连词that 在从句中无实际意义，但不能省略。
例2. He will not come to the meeting this evening is true.
正：That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true.
规律三、whether 可以引导主语从句，放在句首，但if不能
例3. If the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.
正： Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.
规律四、主语从句的谓语动词多用单数第三人称形式。
例4. When he will come are a puzzle.
正：When he will come is a puzzle.

考向2 表语从句

表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。
一、引导表语从句的关联词的种类：
1. 可接表语从句的连系动词有be，look，seem，sound，appear等。
☞China is no longer what she used to be. 今日的中国不再是过去的中国了。
☞The question remains whether they will be able to help us. 问题还是他们能否帮我们。
☞At that time，it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word.
当时，我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。
2. 从属连词whether，as，as if / though引导的表语从句。
☞He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。
☞It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. 听起来好像有人在敲门。
3. because，why引导的表语从句。
☞That's because he didn't understand me. 那是因为他没有理解我。（That's because...强调原因）
☞That's why he got angry with me. 那正是他对我生气的原因。（That's why...强调结果）
4. 连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever
连接副词 where，when，how，why
☞The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
☞The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。
☞That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。
5. 从属连词that
☞The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。
【归纳拓展】
学习表语从句应该注意以下几点。
(1)通常只用that引导表语从句的情况。
①句子的主语为the reason时，表语从句采用that引导，表示原因，此时不用because。
☞The reason why she was ill was that she had eaten bad meat．
她生病的原因是她吃了变质的肉。
②句子的主语为the result时，表语从句采用that引导。
☞The result is that many of them become fat．
结果是他们中许多人发胖了。
③由why引导的从句作主语时。
☞Why we decided to put off the match is that the weather was too terrible．
我们决定推迟比赛的原因是天气太糟糕了。
(2)as if/though引导的表语从句通常置于系动词look，seem，sound，be等后面；表语从句既可以采用虚拟语
气，也可采用直陈语气。
①It sounded as if somebody was knocking at/on the door．听起来好像有人在敲门。
②She treats him as if he were a stranger．她待他如陌生人。

1.(2018·北京卷·单项填空) Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now.
A. how B. when C. where D. why
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】考查名词性从句。句意：没有他的支持，我们是不会在现在这个位置的。how表方式，when表时间，where表地点，why表原因。“_________ we are now”是表语从句，结合句子的意思可知，该处指我们所处的位置，故该从句应用where引导。C选项正确。
2.（2016·北京卷·单项填空） The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust.
A. what B. that C. whether D. why
【参考答案】 B
【试题解析】 考查表语从句。句意：雨季最令人愉悦的就是人们可以完全不再受到灰尘的困扰。is后跟从句作表语，即表语从句，表语从句不缺少主语、谓语和宾语，因此用that，that只起引导作用，故选B。

考向3 宾语从句


【难点梳理】
引导宾语从句的连接词主要有：
连接词：that，whether，if等
连接代词：what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等
连接副词：when，where，why，how等
1. 连接词that，whether，if引导
☞I think (that) you should turn to the teacher for help. 我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
☞I don’t know if/whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。
注意：
whether/if都意为＂是否＂。一般情况下，它们可以互换，口语中常用if，但以下情况中，只能用whether。
（1）与or not紧接连用时。
☞Let me know whether or not you can come.
请让我知道你是否能来。
（2）作介词的宾语从句时。
☞We are interested in whether you will attend the meeting.
我们对你是否参加会议感兴趣。
2. 连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等引导
☞She asked me whose handwriting was the best in the class. 她问我班上谁的书法最好。
☞I’ll just say whatever comes into my mind. 我想到什么就说什么。
3. 连接副词when，where，why，how等引导
☞Do you know when the ancient Olympic Games began?
你知道古代的奥运会是什么时间开始的吗?
☞I’ve been thinking about how we can make the newspaper more interesting.
我一直在考虑如何使我们的报纸更用趣。
4. 宾语从句的语序
在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。
☞He asked me when we could set out the next day. 他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。
☞Did you find out where she lost her car? 你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗?
5. 宾语从句的时态
（1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。
☞She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday. 她说她周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)
☞she says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.
她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)
☞She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei.
她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时)
（2）当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态。
☞He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon.
他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)
☞He said that he was going to take care of the baby.
他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)
☞He said that they were having a meeting at that time.
他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时)
（3）当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时，其时态仍旧用一般现在时。
☞The teacher told us that nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it.
老师告诉我们世上无难事，只怕有心人。
☞He said that light travels much faster than sound. 他说光比声音传播得快。
注意：学习宾语从句应该注意以下几点。
(1)引导宾语从句的连词that一般可以省略，但是在及物动词之后跟有两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，只有
第一个that可以省略。
☞Glancing at her scornfully，he told her(that) the dress was sold．
他轻蔑地看了她一眼，告诉她说那件衣服卖了。
☞The teacher said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart．
老师说课文非常重要，我们应该背下来。
(2)表示＂心理活动＂的形容词：afraid，anxious，aware，ashamed，annoyed，certain，confident，content，
convinced，determined，disappointed，glad，happy，proud，pleased，sure，surprised，satisfied，thankful，
worried等可以后接宾语从句。
☞He was afraid that he would lose．他担心会输。
☞I am sure that I put the money in the box．我肯定把钱放在盒子里了。
(3)若主句谓语动词为think，consider，suppose，believe，expect，fancy，guess，imagine等，其后的宾语从
句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式，这种现象称为＂否定转移＂
现象(此时主语往往为第一人称，偶尔为第三人称；否定词never，seldom，hardly，little无此用法)。
☞I don’t think his decision is wise in reality．实际上，我觉得他的决定并不明智。
☞I don’t believe that he is a dishonest man．我认为他是个诚实的人。
(4)在think，believe，imagine，suppose，guess，hope等动词以及I’m afraid之后，可以采用so代替一个肯
定的宾语从句，也可以采用not代替否定的宾语从句。
☞—Do you believe the news stories？＂你相信这个新闻故事吗？＂
—I believe so．＂我相信。＂
☞—Has Anne got into university？＂安妮上大学了吗？＂
—I am afraid not．＂恐怕是没有。＂
【巧学妙记】
宾语从句的用法速记口诀
宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。
一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。
陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否（if，whether）替；
特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。
主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意；
主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。
三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。

1.（2020.天津卷二.单项填空） My grandmother helped me believe that I could accomplish ____________ I put my mind to.
A. whenever B. whatever C. wherever D. whichever
【答案】B
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我的祖母让我相信，我可以完成任何我专心去做的事情。A. whenever无论何时；B. whatever 无论什么，任何；C. wherever无论何地；D. whichever无论哪一个。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句连接词，从句缺少宾语，应用连接代词，再结合句意，此处用“任何”符合语境，故选B项。
2.（2018·全国新课标卷II·短文改错）The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.
【参考答案】where改为when　
【答案解析】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：当我是个孩子的时候我父母教给我的纸牌游戏在我日后的生活中证明非常有用。宾语从句连接词并不是表示地点状语，而是时间状语。故把where改为when。
3.（2018·全国新课标卷III·语法填空）I'm not sure _____61_____ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic.
【参考答案】which/who　
【答案解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定哪一个更害怕，我，还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。此处为宾语从句，空格处表示选择，所以用which或者who”
4. (2017·天津卷·单项填空) She asked me ________ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn't.
A. when B. where
C. whether D. what
【参考答案】C　
【答案解析】考查宾语从句。根据“…I admitted that I hadn't.”可知书还没还给图书馆，因此此处问的是是否(whether)已经还了。故选C项。句意：她问我是否已将那些书还给了图书馆，我承认没还。
5.（2016·全国新课标卷I·短文改错）My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.
【参考答案】that → where
【答案解析】考查宾语从句的引导词。介词后面的宾语从句缺少状语，根据句意判断此处表示地点。故把that改为where。

考向4 同位语从句


在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种。它一般放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, belief, thought, doubt, promise, question等抽象名词的后面，对前面的名词作进一步的解释，说明前面名词的具体含义。
1. 同位语从句的引导词选择原则
that
只起连词作用，无任何含义，一般不省略
whether
是否
when
什么时候
where
什么地点
how
什么方式
☞The hope that he may recover is not gone yet.他不是没有恢复的希望。
☞The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved.
我们是否继续做这个实验的问题已经被解决。
2. 同位语从句的几种特殊情况
（1）当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置。
☞The story goes that William Tell killed the king with an arrow.
故事是这样的：威廉姆特尔用一支利箭杀死了国王。
（2）表示“命令、建议、要求”的名词order, demand, suggestion等后接同位语从句时，从句的谓语要用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。
☞The suggestion that everyone (should) make efforts to beautify our campus is necessary.
每个人都应尽力来美化校园的建议是有必要的。
3. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别

同位语从句
定语从句
功能不同
对名词加以补充说明
与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系，起连接作用
that
不作成分；起连接作用，不可省略
作主语或宾语，起连接作用；并且作从句的宾语时可省略
whether/how
不作成分；起连接作用“是否”；“如何”
不引导定语从句
wh­words
作成分；起连接作用；有自己的含义，但与先行词之间无关
作成分；起连接作用；没有自己的含义，但是代替先行词在从句中作成分
☞The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true.
李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。(同位语从句，that不可省略)
☞The news (that) he told me yesterday is true.
他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。(定语从句，that在从句中作宾语，可省略)

1. （2019·江苏卷·单项填空）Scientists have obtained more evidence ___________ plastic is finding its way into the human body.
A. what B. that C. which D. where
【参考答案】B
【试题分析】考查同位语从句。句意：科学家已经获得更多证据，塑料正在进入人们的体内。从句不缺句子成分，且与evidence指代的是同一事件，用that引导同位语从句。故选B。
【正确答案】 B
2. The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief 　　　　 you are better than anyone else on the sports field.
A. how    B. that
B. C. which D. whether
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】 句意：最高水平成功的唯一途径是得有一个总的信念，那就是在运动场上你比任何人都强。分析句子结构可知＂__________ you are better than anyone else on the sports field＂是同位语从句，对belief进行解释说明，从句不缺句子成分，故用连接词that引导，答案为B。
3. News came from the school office ______ Wang Lin had been admitted to Peking University.
A. which           B. that  
C. what             D. where
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】考查同位语从句。本题属于分割式同位语从句，谓语came较短，同位语从句较长，名词和同位语从句被from the school office 分开，that 引导同位语从句Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University解释news的内容，在句中起引导作用，没有具体的意思。故选B。

难点剖析




名词性从句考点归纳：
1．名词性从句必须采用陈述语序。
①I want to know what he has told you．我想知道他告诉了你什么。
②She always thinks of how she can work well．她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
2．it充当形式主语或宾语：
在名词性从句中，为了使句子保持平衡，常用先行词it来代替主语从句或宾语从句，而把主语从句或宾语从句放到后面，尤其是连词that引导的主语从句常用于此句式中。
①It is known to us how he became a writer．我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
②I find it strange that she doesn’t want to travel．她竟不想旅游，我觉得很奇怪。
3．在名词性从句中 that与what的差异：
what在从句中要充当某个成分(主语、宾语或表语)，在任何情况下都不能省略，表示＂(＝the thing or things that...； whatever)……的事物； 无论什么；凡是……的事物＂。that本身没有词汇意义，在从句中不充当任何成分，在口语和非正式文件中，宾语从句中的that常常省略。
①What you have done might do harm to others．你所做的事或许对别人有害处。
②I spent what little time I had with my family．我仅有的一点儿时间都和家人在一起度过了。
③No one knows what will happen next．谁也不知道下一步有什么事。
④I think(that) you will like the stamps．我认为你会喜欢这些邮票的。
4．whether和if的差异：
（1）引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句，只能采用whether。
☞Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question．
月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。
（2）介词宾语只用whether引导。
☞He was worrying about whether he had hurt her feeling．
他焦虑地想知道是否伤害了她的感情。
（3）当whether引导的宾语从句位于句首表示强调时，不能被if替换。
☞Whether he will come or not，I am not sure．我无法确认他是否会来。
（4）whether经常与or not 直接连用，构成whether or not。
☞I don’t know whether or not he’ll come．我不知道他是来还是不来。
（5）后接动词不定式时只能用whether。
☞Can you tell me whether to go or to stay？你能否告诉我是去还是留？
（6）动词discuss后面只能接whether引导的宾语从句。
☞We discussed whether we should close the shop．我们讨论我们是否关闭这家商店。
5．宾语从句和主句的时态呼应：
（1）当主句谓语动词为现在时态或将来时态时，宾语从句可以选择适当的时态。
☞Will you tell me how I can keep fit？能告诉我如何保持健康吗？
（2）当主句谓语动词为过去时态时，为保持时态一致，宾语从句应采用相应的过去时态。
☞Jack told me that he had been there twice．杰克告诉我他去过那儿两次了。
（3）当主句谓语为过去时态时，宾语从句表示客观真理、客观存在的事物、格言时，仍然采用一般现在时。
☞Long ago，people knew that there are four seasons in a year．
很久以前，人们就知道一年有四个季节。
6．连接代词whoever，whatever，whichever引导名词性从句的含义：
（1）whoever的用法：
①(＝the person or people who...)……的那个人
☞Whoever said that？到底谁讲的这话？
②(＝any person who...)……的任何一个人
☞Tell whoever you like； it makes no difference to me．
你愿意告诉谁就告诉谁——对我来说都无所谓。
（2）whatever的用法：
①(＝any or every)任何；每一
☞Take whatever action is needed．采取任何必要的措施。
②(＝anything or everything)任何事物；一切事物
☞You must do whatever is best for you．什么对你最有利你就得做什么。
③(表示做什么或发生什么都没关系，因为结果都一样)无论什么，不管什么
☞You have our support，whatever you decide．
不管你做何决定，都会得到我们的支持。
（3）whichever的用法：
①(表示什么特征或品质在作决定时重要)……的那个；……的那些
☞Take whichever hat suits you best．挑个最适合你戴的帽子。
②无论哪个；无论哪些
☞Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize．
你们当中不论哪个进来将会得到奖励。
7．虚拟语气结构在名词性从句中的应用：
（1）主语从句
☞It is necessary that he(should)come to see us．他有必要来看望我们。
（2）宾语从句
☞The teacher suggested that we(should)have a rest．老师建议我们休息一会儿。
（3）表语从句
☞My suggestion is that we(should)read English newspapers to improve our English．
我的建议是我们应该阅读英文报纸来提高我们的英语水平。
8．it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
it作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都用连词that，被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。
①It’s a pity that he missed the opportunity to travel abroad．
他错过了去国外旅游的机会，真是可惜。
②Who was it that won the World Cup in 2014？谁赢得了2014年的世界杯？
检测训练



题组一 基础过关
I. 用适当的连接词填空
1.（2017•新课标卷I）The homeowner called to say ________ the parents had responded to the recordings..
2.（2017•新课标卷I）What I’m hoping to accomplish is ________ my generation and younger start to reconsider
and understand _________ jazz is not black and write anymore.
3.（2017•新课标卷III）The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide
_________ to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well.
4.（2017•北京卷）What could be more fun than a gift that keeps coming through the letterbox every month?
5．This painting is splendid, but ________ we actually need it is a different matter.
6．Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was ________ it was rather closely
modeled on his own life.
7．Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew ________ she was so angry.
8．—I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
—That's ________ I don't agree. You should have a more active life.
9．—Have you finished the book?
—No. I've read up to ________ the children discover the secret cave.
10．He often thinks of ________ he can do more for the four modernizations.
【答案】
1. that　 2.that; that　 3. whether 4. What; that
5.whether　 6.that　 7.why　 8.where　
9.where　 10.how　
Ⅱ. 将下列句子改为含有名词性从句的复合句
1．English is being accepted as an international language．It is a fact．
_________________________________________________
2．It is generally considered unwise to give a child everything he or she wants．
_________________________________________________
3．It used to be a quiet village．I still remember that time．
_________________________________________________
4．He is said to go abroad and marry an American girl next week．
_________________________________________________
5．He should report this accident to the police at once．This is my suggestion．
_________________________________________________
【答案】
1. It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language．
2. It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants．
3. I still remember when it used to be a quiet village．
4. It is said that he will go abroad and marry an American girl next week．
5. My suggestion is that he should report this accident to the police at once．
Ⅲ. 单句改错
1. After looking at the toy for some time，he turned around and found where his parents were missing.

2. Whoever was responsible for the accident is not yet clear.

3. We never doubt whether he is honest.

4. If she comes or not doesn’t concern me.

5. I feel it a terrible thing which my mother should have to toil so endlessly.

6. The fact is what he didn’t notice the car until too late.

7. The reason why he was late was because he didn’t catch the early bus.

8. Your brother’s health is not which it used to be.

9. Obviously there was little probability which they would succeed，but they didn’t mind.

10. The proposal has been put forward what the flight should be cancelled.

【答案】
1.where→that　 2.Whoever→Who　 3.去掉whether　 4.If→Whether　
5.which→that　 6.what→that　 7.because→that　 8.which→what　
9.which→that 10.what→whether
题组二 真题在线
1.（2020.浙江卷.语法填空）.Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on 57. could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
【答案】what
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。分析句子，宾语从句部分缺主语，所以引导词应为“连接代词”。根据句意，此处缺“什么”之意。故填what。
2.（2020.天津卷二.单项填空）The student completed this experiment to make come true ______ Professor Joseph had said.
A. that B. what C. when D. where
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:为了使约瑟夫教授所说的成为现实，这个学生完成了这个实验。_________ Professor Joseph had said作make的宾语从句，该从句中，空处在从句中作said的宾语，表示”……所说的话”，因此应用what引导该从句。故选B。
3.（2019·北京卷·语法填空）What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go.
【答案】where
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。
4.(2018·北京) This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
A. how B. which C. that D. what
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：这是我父亲教我的——总是要面对困难，抱最大的希望。“_________ my father has taught me”是表语从句，该空在从句中做teach的宾语，且表示“父亲教我的道理”，故该从句应用what引导。D选项正确。引导名词性从句时，how表方式，意为“如何”；which意为“哪一个”，that在只起引导从句的作用，不做成分。
5.(2018·江苏) By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived.
A. where B. when C. why D. how
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：乘船是到达这里唯一的途径，这就是我们如何到达的。分析which引导的非限定性定语从句可知，后面为表语从句。分析句意可知，这里用连接副词how引导表语从句，充当方式状语，表示“如何”。故选D。
6.（2017·北京）Every year, ______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
A. whatever B. whoever
C. whomever D. whichever
【答案】B
【解析】句意：每年，风筝做的最漂亮的人将赢得一份奖品。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处引导 主语从句，且在从句中作主语，指人，故选B项。
7.（2017·北京）Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ______she was heading.
A. why B. where
C. how D. when
【答案】B
【解析】考查连词。句意：Jane漫无目的地沿着绿树成荫的街道往前走，不知道要去哪里。分析句子结 构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作动词knowing的宾语，且从句中缺少地点状语，故应用where引导。
8.（2017·天津）She asked me _______ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.
A. when B. where
C. whether D. what
【答案】C
【解析】句意：她问我我是否把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾 语从句，且在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，有根据句意可知此处表示“是否”，故用whether 或if引导这个宾语从句。
9.（2017·江苏）We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _______ it used to
charge.
A. that B. which
C. what D. how
【答案】C
【解析】考查宾语从句。“half of _______ it used to charge”是$20的同位语，即原来价格的一半是现在的
$20；另外，of后跟名词或名词短语构成介宾短语，所以，这里是宾语从句；宾语从句中的charge后面
缺少宾语，所以用what来引导宾语从句，并充当宾语从句中的宾语，故选C。句意：我们选择这家宾
馆是因为一晚上的住宿费降到了20美元，这是该宾馆过去要价的一半。
10.（2016·北京）Your support is important to our work. ________ you can do helps.
A. However B. Whoever
C. Whatever D. Wherever
【答案】C
【解析】helps是谓语，＂_______ you can do＂是主语部分，即主语从句，在主语从句中，do后缺少宾 语，表示＂任何事情＂，因此用whatever引导，故选C。
11.（2016·北京）The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust.
A. what B. that
C. whether D. why
【答案】B
【解析】句意：雨季最令人愉悦的是人们可以完全不再受到沙尘的困扰。is后跟从句作表语，表语从句 不缺少主语、谓语和宾语，因此用that, that只起引导作用。
12.（2016·江苏）It is often the case ______anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
A.why B.what
C.as D.that
【答案】D
【解析】句意：对于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是事实。本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，连接词that在本句中不充当任何成分，且不能省略。连接副词why要在句中作状语， 连接代词what通常在句中作主语、宾语或表语等；as不引导名词性从句。
13.（2016·天津）The manager put forward a suggestion ____ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.
A. whether B. that
C. which D. what
【答案】B
【解析】句意：经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。使用同位语从句说明suggestion 的内容，而且同位语从句成分和意思都是完整的。用that引导，that不作成分，只是起连接作用。
14.（2016·天津）The manager put forward a suggestion ____ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.
A. whether B. that
C. which D. what
【答案】B
【解析】句意：经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。使用同位语从句说明suggestion 的内容，而且同位语从句成分和意思都是完整的。用that引导，that不作成分，只是起连接作用。
题组三 名校模拟
Ⅰ. 单项填空
1. I never suspected for a minute that you should doubt my original intentions, and is this ________ you reward me for my help?
A.how B.why C.what D.whether
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：我片刻都没怀疑过你竟然会质疑我的初衷，这就是你报答我的帮助的方式吗？分析句子结构可知，空处在句中引导表语从句，且在从句中作方式状语，故应用how"如何，怎样"来引导该表语从句。
2. Mother suggests I should collect the old clothes and give them to ________ needs them.
A.whoever B.whatever
C.whichever D.wherever
【答案】A
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：妈妈建议我收集旧衣服把它们给予需要的人。“________ needs them”是宾语从句，从句缺乏主语；A. whoever“无论谁”引导宾语从句，从句中作主语或者宾语；B. whatever“无论什么”引导宾语从句，从句中作主语、宾语或者表语；C. whichever“无论哪一个”；D. wherever“无论哪里”。根据语境，故选A。
3. She asked me ________ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.
A.when B.where C.whether D.what
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：她问我我是否把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，又根据句意可知此处表示"是否"，故用whether或if引导这个宾语从句。
4. Vautrin guarded the college with the motto: " ________ wants to go through this gate will have to do so over my dead body."
A.Who B.Whom C.Whoever D.Whomever
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：魏特琳以"任何想要通过这扇大门的人都必须从我的尸体上跨过"的座右铭在守卫这个大学。分析句意及句子结构可知，空处在句中引导主语从句________ wants to go through this gate,且空处在句中作主语，表示"无论谁"，故应用whoever来引导该主语从句。
5. All the students came to realize that it made a difference in their daily life ________ they took an active part in after-class activities.
A.how B.that C.where D.whether
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：所有的学生都开始认识到：积极参加课外活动对他们的日常生活有很大的影响。分析句子结构及句意可知，realize 后是一个由that引导的宾语从句，而在该宾语从句中，it作形式主语，真正的主语是空处所引导的从句，且该主语从句不缺成分，故应用that来引导该主语从句。
6. After I went up to receive the award, I overheard someone whispering ________ the girl was so excellent that she deserved it.
A.what B.how C.whom D.that
【答案】D
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：当我上台领奖的时候，碰巧听到有人小声说，这个女孩如此优秀，所以这是她应得的。分析句子结构可知，whispering后接宾语从句，从句句意和成分完整，故用that引导。
7. —Mary, are you used to the life here?
—Yes. But at the beginning, I didn’t imagine ________ tough it was to start a new life in a strange country.
A.that B.what C.how D.where
【答案】C
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：——玛丽，你习惯这儿的生活吗？——是的。但是一开始我并没有想象到在一个陌生的国家开始新的生活是何等艰难。分析句子结构可知，此处为省略了连接词的宾语从句，且该宾语从句本身是个感叹句，空处修饰形容词tough，故应用how。
8. Once away from his parents, the young man was at a loss as to ________ the future has in store for him.
A.who B.that C.what D.where
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：一旦离开他的父母，这个年轻人就会对未来等待他的是什么感到迷惘。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中引导宾语从句，且从句中has后缺少宾语，故应用what"什么"。in store for sb. "将要发生在某人身上"为固定搭配。
9. When it comes to "home", most people would feel a sense of warmth because it's ________ we can get unconditional tolerance, acceptance and love.
A.how B.that C.what D.where
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：当谈到"家"的时候，大多数人都会感受到一丝暖意，因为家是我们可以得到无条件的包容、认可和爱的地方。根据句子结构和句意可知，空处在句中引导表语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，表示"……的地方"，故只能用where来引导该表语从句。
10. He did not see the film last night. That is ________ he had to help his little sister with her homework.
A.why B.how C.that D.because
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：昨天晚上他没有去看电影，那是因为他得帮助他的小妹妹做作业。分析句子结构及句意可知，空处在句中引导表语从句，且前后两个句子中，第一个句子表示的是"事情的结果"，第二个句子表示的是"事情的起因"，故应用because"因为，由于"来引导该表语从句。
11. We all become delighted at the news ________ more than 10,000 new books will be introduced in our school library next month.
A.what B.that C.which D.whether
【答案】B
【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：我们所有人对我们学校的图书馆下个月将引进一万多册新书的消息感到高兴。分析句子结构及句意可知，空处在句中引导同位语从句，解释说明the news的内容，且从句中成分完整，故需用that来引导该同位语从句。
12. The current personnel allocation is based on the assumption ________ the economy in our country will still develop at a normal rate next year.
A.how B.that C.what D.whether
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：当前的人员配置以明年我国的经济依旧按正常速度发展的假设为基础。根据句意及分析句子结构可知，空处在句中引导同位语从句，解释说明assumption"假定，假设"的具体内容，且从句句意完整，故应用that来引导该同位语从句。
Ⅱ.语篇填空
I am going to tell you an unbelievable thing __1__happened in my restaurant today.
This afternoon a poorly－dressed gentleman came into my restaurant. Nobody knew __2__he was. We wondered __3__he was so hungry. We were surprised __4__he finished two orders of food in a very limited time.We doubted __5__the man was able to pay the bill. The gentleman asked __6__we would mind waiting for just a few minutes. Then we were shocked to see__7__he took out of an envelope—a million pound bank note.
I asked Mr. Clements__8__it was genuine. Mr.Clements said it was true because two of this amount had been issued by the Bank of England this year. He thought __9__the gentleman showed them couldn’t be a fake.
__10__a gentleman with a million pound note was in rags and ate in our small restaurant was a big puzzle to all the people there. I really couldn’t describe how excited I was.
【答案】
1.that　 2.who　 3.why　 4.that　 5.whether/if　
6.whether/if　 7.that　 8.whether/if　 9.what　 10.Why
名词性从句练习题
第一部分：基础题
1. _______ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services. （2006年辽宁省高考题）
A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever
2. —It’s thirty years since we last met.
—But I still remember the story, believe it or not, ______ we got lost on a rainy night.（2006年四川省高考题）
A. which B. that C. what D. when
3. See the flags on top of the building? That was _______ we did this morning.（2006年全国I高考题）
A. when B. which C. where D. What
4. —Could you do me a favor?
—It depends on _______ it is. （2006年北京高考题）
A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever
5. These shoes look very good. I wonder _______. （2006年上海春季高考题）
A. how much cost they are B. how much do they cost
C. how much they cost D. how much are they cost
6. Doris' success lies in the fact _______ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others.（2006年上海春季高考题）
A. which B. that C. when D. why
7. Mary wrote an article on _______ the team had failed to win the game. （2005年全国I高考题）
A. why B. what C. who D. that
8. Do you have any idea _______ is actually going on in the classroom? （2005年辽宁省高考题）
A. that B. what C. as D. which
9. —Why does she always ask you for help?
—There is no one else _______, is there? （2005年北京高考题）
A. who to turn to B. she can turn to C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn
10. Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _______ it is rough or smooth.（2005年天津高考题）
A. / B. whether C. how D. what
11. Danny left word with my secretary _______ he would call again in the afternoon.
（2005年浙江省高考题）
A. who B. that C. as D. which
12. Mum is coming. What present _______ for your birthday? （2005年福建省高考题）
A. you expect she has got B. you expect has she got
C. do you expect she has got D. do you expect has she got
13. The way he did it was different ________ we were used to. （2005年江西省高考题）
A. in which B. in what C. from what D. from which
14. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _______ it was 20 years ago, _______ it was so poorly equipped. （2005年安徽省高考题）
A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that
15. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt ________ a cure for AIDS will be found.（2005年广东省高考题）
A. which B. that C. what D. whether

第二部分：强化题
1. We haven’t settled the question of _______ it is necessary for him to study abroad.（2006年江苏省高考题）
A. if B. where C. whether D. that
2. A warm thought suddenly came to me _______I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.（2006年安徽省高考题）
A. if B. when C. that D. which
3. There is much chance _______ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.（2006年天津高考题）
A. that B. which C. until D. if
4. Please remind me _______ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off.（2006年全国I高考题）
A. where B. when C. how D. what
5. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us. _______ we gave some bells and glasses. （2006年湖南省高考题）
A. to which B. to whom C. with whom D. with which
6. With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased _______ he was a man of action. （2006年湖南省高考题）
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
7. _______ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. （2006年山东省高考题）
A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whatever D. Whichever
8. I just wonder that makes him so excited. （2006年山东省高考题）
A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is
9. _______ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger , more prosperous economy. （2006年浙江省高考题）
A. As B. That C. This D. It
10. Nobody believed his reason for being absent form the class _______ he had to meet his uncle at the airport. （2006年重庆高考题）
A. why B. that　 　 C. where D. because
11. The shopkeeper did not want to sell for _______ he thought was not enough. （2005年山东省高考题）
A. where B. how C. what D. which
12. He noticed that the straight part of the dance was different in the afternoon from _______ it had been in the morning. （2006年宜昌市模拟题）
A. that B. where C. what D. which
13. I’d like to work with _______ is honest and easy to get on with. (2006年山东模拟题)
A. who B. whoever C. whomever D. no matter who
14. When you are reading, make a note of _______ you think is of great importance.
（2006年东北八校联考题）
A. which B. that C. what D. when
15. —Can we get everything ready by the weekend?
—It all depends on _______ we can get Mr. Green’s cooperation.
（2006年如东中学模拟题）
A. that B. what C. whether D. if

答案解析
基础题
1. A 此题考察what引导名词性从句的用法。在此题中what引导主语从句，同时在从句中充当主语。
2. B 通过对句子的分析可知，believe it or not是插入语，在此句中that引导的是the story的同位语从句。
3. D 通过对句子的分析可知，此题需要选一词来引导表语从句，而从句中的明显缺少宾语，故只能what用来充当。
4. C 介词on后面宾语从句不完整，同时从句缺少主语，故只能由what来充当。
5. C wonder后面的从句是疑问句应用陈述语序。即：特殊疑问词+主语+谓语动词。
6. B 此句主句完整，从句也完整，故用that引导构成与the fact的同位语从句。
7. A why在它引导的从句中充当原因状语，从句在主句里充当介词on的宾语。
8. B what在它引导的从句中充当主语，同时整个从句可看成是idea的同位语从句，来说明idea的具体内容。
9. B 本题考查定语从句以及固定短语turn to 的用法，关系代词因为在后面定语从句中做宾语因此省略掉，turn to sb 求助于某人。
10. B 本题根据意思以及后面与or 的搭配关系可判断该处是“是否”，whether 引导宾语从句。
11. B 本题考查名词性从句中的同位语从句，根据下文可知Danny留下的口信的内容，that 引导名词性从句。
12. C 本题考查双重疑问句，疑问词＋do you think/believe/expect＋句子的其他成分（句子用称述句语序）。
13. C 本题考查固定短语 be different from同时也考查名词性从句中的宾语从句，介词from后是宾语从句，但从句中be used to 后面少宾语，且根据上文是我们过去习惯的方法，这用what 符合语意。
14. A 本题考查的是名词性从句中的表语从句，后面表语从句不完整，it was 后面还缺少表语，根据意思是“20年前的 样子”，后面一个句子是对20年前的补充说明，是一个非限制性定语从句，20年前学校设备条件不好，when 在定语从句中作时间状语。
15. B 本题考查名词性从句的同位语，doubt 后的同位语根据意思没有怀疑故选择that 引导，that在从句中不充当成分。

强化题
1. C whether引导的从句构成与名词the question的同位语。(原答案似乎有误)
2. C 主句完整,同时从句也不缺成分。根据句意可看出that引导的从句构成与a warm thought的同位语。
3. A that引导同位语从句，具体说明chance（可能性）的内容。
4. B 句意：请提醒我他说他将什么时候走。
5. B 因先行词是natives，故淘汰A和D。又因give sth. to sb.固定短语，所以选B。介词to可放在关系代词whom的前面。
6. B pleased后面缺少宾语从句，he was a man of action句意完整，故用that引导。
7. D No matter what/which只能引导让步状语从句，排除A和B。C和D的区别在于一个无范围，一个有范围。
8. D wonder后面的宾语从句本是what makes him so excited：。但what需要被强调，故用强调句型。
9. D 本题考查it 作形式主语, 后面的that 引导真正的主句从句.
10. B 本题考查同位语从句, reason 后面有for 引导的短语, 接着后面是that 引导的句子来说明理由的内容.
11. C 本题考查名词性从句的宾语从句,介词for 后接宾语从句但宾语从句中缺少主语, he thought 是插入语. 连词what 引导宾语从句且在从句中充当主语,which 的意思不符合.
12. C 本题考查固定短语 be different from同时也考查名词性从句中的宾语从句，介词from后是宾语从句，但从句中it had been 后面少表语，所以what 符合语意。
13. B 本题考查名词性从句中的介词宾语从句, 根据下文意思以及在宾语从句中作主语, D 不能引导名词性从句, who 表达的意思不对.
14. C 本题考查名词性从句介词宾语, 宾语从句中you think 是插入语, 故句中缺少主语,which 意思不对,故选what.
15. C 本题考查介词宾语从句, 根据上下文意思 该处应该是”我们是否能得到Green先生的.