2023届高考英语二轮复习专题强化练（十六）含答案

这是一份2023届高考英语二轮复习专题强化练（十六）含答案，共7页。
Gal setting is an imprtant part f staying active，fcused and excited abut the future. 1
Sme gals in ur life are clear，simple and easy.Fr example，t make a hmemade dinner every Sunday is such a type f gal fr me.T achieve it，I nly need t create a list f supplies t buy and set aside time accrding t my schedule.
2 In terms f these gals，I lve the idea f“lighthuse planning”.In this technique，we reach a gal by imagining it as a lighthuse in the distance.It's dark as we get in ur bats and we dn't knw exactly hw we're ging t get t that bright destinatin.But ur lighthuse never stps flashing in the distance and it is never entirely ut f sight. 3
Nw think abut yur lighthuse and identify it. 4 Fr example，yu might set yur gal as“I want t becme mre creative”.Identifying yur lighthuse is a way t start yur jurney with big purpses.
But if yu lk arund and realize that yur lighthuse is getting farther away rather than clser，yu shuld redirect yur path t yur lighthuse. 5 If yu've ever rwed a bat，yu knw there can be headwinds and strms alng yur jurney.In that case，fcus n the next spt n the hrizn instead f pwering thrugh all the way t the end.
A.Just give it a try.
B.Dn't wear yurself ut.
C.We can make a plan that will get us there.
D.A lighthuse­like gal is smething brader.
E.S we start rwing in the directin f the light.
F.Hwever，sme gals in ur life are bigger and mre challenging.
G.Having gals and keeping mving t them is part f walking a psitive path.
【语篇解读】 “灯塔计划”是设定计划和目标的有效方式。通过“灯塔计划”，人们可以根据自己的实际情况调整计划，以更好地实现人生目标。
1.解析：根据空处上句可知，设定目标能对未来保持积极、专注和兴奋。据此可知，空处进一步说明设定目标、朝着目标奋进的意义：是走在积极道路上的一部分。
答案：G
2.解析：通读第二段可知，该段主要介绍生活中明确的、简单的、容易实现的目标；结合空处下文可以推知，第三段介绍更远大、更具有挑战性的目标，且实现这种目标需要制定“灯塔计划”。
答案：F
3.解析：根据空处上句可知，灯塔在远处不停地闪烁，它从来不会离开我们的视线。结合常识可知，灯塔指引我们朝着光亮的地方划船前进。
答案：E
4.解析：根据上句可知，该处提醒我们应思考并确定灯塔目标；根据空后的“Identifying yur purpses”可知，确定灯塔目标是开启伟大目标之旅的一种方式。据此可知，空处说明灯塔目标更为广大。
答案：D
5.解析：根据空后内容可知，如果你曾经划过船，你就会知道，一路上可能会遇到逆风和暴风雨，那种情况下，关注地平线上的下一个地点，而不是一路快速划到终点。结合上文介绍的“如果目标离你更远而不是更近时，要改变方向”可以推知，空处说明不要把自己累坏。
答案：B
Test 2
（2022·南京第一学期六校联合体调研测试题）
Why we frget？
Remembering things is an imprtant functin f ur brain—if we can't recall hw t d smething，we can't survive.If yu think abut it，there is s much we have t remember—frm where we leave ur car keys t hw we walk. 1
Memry allws the brain t stre and recall infrmatin when required.Our shrt­term memry can hld a small amunt f infrmatin fr a shrt time，while ur lng­term memry can hld an unlimited amunt f infrmatin fr a lng time.Our memry is amazing，but why d we still frget things？
It maybe because we are in a rush r we cnsider it irrelevant at the time.When we d stre infrmatin，we ften make cnnectins with ther things，which helps us recall it later. 2 It is als pssible that memries decline ver time.If yu dn't perfrm a task fr a lng perid f time，it can be difficult t recall hw t d it.This culd be because ur memry is full，r that ur shrt­term memry is easier t access.
3 Have yu ever gne int a rm t fetch smething nly t frget what yu wanted when yu gt there？This is called“The Drway Effect”.This ccurs because we change bth the physical and mental envirnments，mving t a different rm and thinking abut many different things.
S，if yu have a mind like a sieve（筛子），it culd be because yu have t much n yur mind.But we d need t keep ur memry sharp by cntinually using it. 4 That's when we're at mre risk f getting Alzheimer's disease.
Hwever，frgetting is nt always a bad thing！It wuld waste cgnitive resurces if we remembered every detail f the wrld arund us. 5 .
A.That's smething wrth remembering！
B.Maybe it's n surprise that smetimes we are frgetful.
C.But smetimes even ur shrt­term memry can let us dwn.
D.If yu dn't have these cnnectins，then it can be easier t frget.
E.Hwever，it is widely recgnized that shrt­term memry can be imprved.
F.We als need sme mental relaxatin such as listening t sme classical music.
G.Beynd ur 50s，ur brains tend t shrink in vlume and ur memry begins t decline.
【语篇解读】 本文主要从科学角度介绍了“遗忘”背后的原因：太匆忙，或认为事物无关紧要，或不回忆等。但是遗忘并非坏事，我们如果记住周围世界的每一个细节，会浪费认知资源。
1.解析：根据上句可知，我们需要记住的事情太多，再结合第二段最后一句及常识可以推知，有时遗忘某事并不奇怪。故B项符合语境。
答案：B
2.解析：根据上句可知，当我们存储信息时，我们经常会与其他事物建立联系，这有助于我们在以后回忆起它。所以D项“如果你没有这些联系，你就可能更容易遗忘”符合语境。故选D项。
答案：D
3.解析：上段最后一句提到了shrt­term memry，下文介绍了短暂性记忆，即“门口效应”的例子：走进房间去取东西，结果到了房间却忘了自己想找什么。据此可知，C项内容能承上启下，故C项正确。
答案：C
4.解析：根据下句“That's when we're at mre risk f getting Alzheimer's disease”可知，这个时候我们患阿尔茨海默氏病的风险更大。据此可以推知，空处说明年龄增大记忆力减退的现象和原因，故G项正确。
答案：G
5.解析：根据上句中的“cgnitive resurces”可知，遗忘并非总是坏事，记住所有细节则会浪费认知资源，据此可知，这点值得记住。故A项正确。
答案：A
Test 3
Open a bk by any philspher and yu'll prbably read that a meaningful life has t invlve achieving smething difficult.That's because many philsphers are perfectinists when it cmes t the meaning f life.It's nt just philsphers，either.Perfectinism is ne f the main reasns why peple tend t believe their lives are meaningless. 1 If they aren't ding smething abslutely amazing，then life has n meaning.
2 S the cnclusin is bvius：mst lives are meaningless.Right？Nt really.Dig a little deeper，and perfectinism falls apart.Actually yu dn't need t be a perfectinist abut the meaning f life.Life wuld be fantastic if everything was perfect.But smething desn't need t be perfect t be fantastic. 3
Fr ne，it's pretty incnsistently applied mst f the time.Peple wh are perfectinists abut the meaning f life ften dn't apply it t ther areas f their lives. 4 Fr example，perfectinists dn't think they're a failure if they dn't get a hundred percent n every test.S isn't it als absurd t apply that kind f standard t the meaning f life？
It desn't end there.The demands that perfectinists place n themselves and thers are actually really unrealistic.And that means they can nly lead t disappintment. 5 It wuld be similarly dd t call ne f yur friends a huge failure because he can't achieve as much in a day as a superman.And it's exactly the lgic perfectinism when it is claimed that ur lives have t be extrardinary in sme way t have meaning.
A.They see life as an all­r­nthing situatin.
B.We dn't expect a dg t drive a car.
C.This leads t lts f duble standards.
D.Yu're unlikely t be satisfied with any result.
E.And there are actually a few prblems with perfectinism.
F.Hwever，mst f us aren't an Einstein r a Mther Teresa.
G.They'd prbably dismiss the ideas like that as absurd，in fact.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了完美主义者眼中生活的意义，以及完美主义引发的一些问题。
1.解析：空前一句说完美主义是人们倾向于相信他们的生活是无意义的主要原因之一；空后一句说如果他们不做一些令人极其惊叹的事，生活就没有意义。由此可以推断，A项（他们把生活看作全赢或全输的局面）符合语境。
答案：A
2.解析：空后一句说所以结论是显然的：大多数的生活都是无意义的。再结合空前一句对生活意义的评判标准可知，F项（然而，我们中的大多人都不是爱因斯坦或特蕾莎修女）衔接上下文，符合语境。
答案：F
3.解析：空前一句说但是有些事情不需要完美才能精彩；下一段开始举例来说明完美主义应用的不一致。由此可以推断，E项（实际上完美主义是有一些问题的）符合语境。
答案：E
4.解析：空前一句说追求生活意义的完美主义者通常不会把它运用到生活的其他领域；下文举例说他们如果考试没有考满分并不会就此认为自己是失败者。由此可以推断，C项（完美主义其实会导致双重标准）符合语境。
答案：C
5.解析：下文提到这跟因为你的一个朋友不可能在一天内取得跟超人一样多的成就就认为他是个很失败的人一样奇怪。由此可以推断，空处也应描述一种奇怪的现象，故B项（我们不能期待一只狗可以开车）符合语境。
答案：B
Test 4
Giving generusly and receiving gratefully make it easier t live happily with thers. 1
Let me start with the idea f giving generusly. 2 Fr example，my husband and I have family members wh nly cntact us when they need mney.We usually accept their requests，but we rarely receive a“thank yu”.Mst peple wuld say that my husband and I are being used.and I suppse we are.But when we give，we shuldn't be giving fr the purpse f getting gratitude r praise. 3
The gd news is that when we lead ur lives being nice t thers，ur lives run mre smthly.If yu're generus，yes，sme peple will use yu.But if yu practice being generus，mst f yur relatinships will imprve.
4 I truly believe that yu cannt say“thank yu”enugh when yu receive.We s ften get lazy abut expressing gratitude.Parents can feel unappreciated by their children，and teachers can feel unappreciated by their students.D yu think it unnecessary t thank them when receiving just because a task is part f smene's jb descriptin？That's wrng！
Wrds f appreciatin make thers feel gd abut themselves like nthing else.It's gd fr us t say“thank yu”because we regularly need t remind urselves f hw lucky we are. 5
If yu are lking fr a way t imprve yur life，I can give yu ne：Give generusly and receive gratefully.
A.Thus，saying “thank yu” can bring us gd luck.
B.Rather，we shuld be giving because it's a gd thing.
C.And hearing thse tw wrds can make us feel great fr days.
D.And at the same time，we shuld remember t receive gratefully.
E.In return，we are t help thers by giving them ur time r mney.
F.I think peple are unwilling t be generus t thers fr fear f being used.
G.Yet，why d we have such difficulty achieving these things in ur relatinships？
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。慷慨地给予、感激地接受会让我们与别人相处的时候更容易快乐。文章分析了我们很难做到这两件事的原因以及这两件事对我们的好处。
1.解析：空前一句讲到慷慨地给予、感激地接受会让我们与别人相处的时候更容易快乐，再结合下文讲到的我们在给予和接受的时候面临的问题可知，空处应该会讲到这两件事情难以做到的原因。故G项符合语境。
答案：G
2.解析：空前一句讲到让我从慷慨地给予说起，再根据下文“Mst peple wuld say that my husband and I are being used，and I suppse we are.”可知，空处讲到的应该是人们不愿意慷慨地给予的原因是害怕被利用。F项符合语境。
答案：F
3.解析：空前一句讲的是当我们给予的时候，我们不应该带着收到感激或赞扬的目的，因此B项（相反，我们应该因这是件好事而去给予）符合语境。
答案：B
4.解析：结合本段内容可知，本段主要讲了receiving gratefully的话题，故D项适合作本段的主旨句。
答案：D
5.解析：本段讲的是感谢之言的好处，空前一句讲的是说“谢谢你”对我们是有好处的，而C项表述的是听到“谢谢你”的好处，与其相匹配。
答案：C