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Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World 重点语法Grammar 过去分词做定语,宾补和状语-高一英语必修第三册单元重难点易错题精练(译林)
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这是一份Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World 重点语法Grammar 过去分词做定语,宾补和状语-高一英语必修第三册单元重难点易错题精练(译林),共15页。
Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World
过去分词做定语,宾补和状语
一、单项选择
1.The two students ________ in the fight apologized to each other.
A.involving B.involved C.to involve D.being involved
2.At the routine office meeting, the headmaster insisted the problems ______ paid special attention to.
A.referred to being B.referred to be C.refer to being D.refer to be
3.The top of the house is an old boat ________ upside down.
A.to turn B.turning C.turns D.turned
4.Music _________ by the British musician attracts music lovers all over the world.
A.to write B.to be written C.written D.writing
5.The volunteer decided to help the boy ______ drugs.
A.addicted with B.addicted to
C.addicting with D.addicting to
6.A recent study ___________by the Peking University found that 60% of the students suffered anxiety before the exams.
A.having carried out B.carried out C.carrying out D.to be carried out
7.He criticized the repressive methods ______ by the country’s government.
A.employed B.engaged C.existed D.edited
8.The computer centre, ______ last year, is very popular among the students in this school.
A.open B.opening C.having opened D.opened
9.Now she is a model and performance artist ________ to ocean conservation.
A.devoted B.devoting C.to devote D.devote
10.After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope ________.
A.providing B.provided C.having provided D.to provide
11.Mrs. Fitz was very much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ______ went wrong again.
A.it B.it repaired C.repaired D.to be repaired
12.The old man from Australia was very happy when he was able to make himself ______ in his broken Chinese.
A.understand B.to understand C.understanding D.understood
13.Even the best writers sometimes find themselves________ for words.
A.losing B.lost C.loses D.be lost
14.The expert gives many presentations and talks in order to get more people ________ in the conversation of ocean life.
A.involving B.involved C.being involved D.involve
15.His bike was broken and he wanted to have it ________.
A.repaired B.to repair C.to be repaired D.repairing
16.With the Olympic flame ________, the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics came to an end on February 20th.
A.to extinguish B.extinguishes C.extinguished D.extinguishing
17.In the room, we found her seated at a desk, with her attention ________ on a book.
A.fixing B.fixes C.fixed D.to fix
18.—It seems that the manager is unhappy.
—Surely he is. Steve left the company with his work ______.
A.leaving unfinished B.left unfinished C.leaving to finish D.left finishing
19.Simon put up a picture of Jordan beside his bed to keep himself ________ of his own dreams.
A.reminding B.to remind C.reminded D.remind
20.The jokes told by Tom made us ________, so the teacher couldn’t make himself ________.
A.to laugh; hearing B.laugh; heard C.laughing; hear D.laughed; heard
21. on figures from six different European cities,the report is reliable.
A.Based B.Basing C.To base D.Base
22.________from the tower, the south foot of the Purple Mountain is a sea of trees.
A.Seeing B.Seen C.To see D.To be seen
23.Paris is the capital and largest city of France, ______ on the River Seine.
A.located B.locating C.being located D.locates
24.In order not to be disturbed, he spent three hours ______ in the study.
A.locking B.locked C.to lock D.being locked
25.______ enough care, the children can cooperate better.
A.To give B.Giving C.Having given D.Given
26.______ for burning the food, the careless cook was fired at last.
A.Blaming B.To be blamed C.To blame D.Blamed
27._________ in his study, he wasn’t aware that all the others had left.
A.Bury B.Buried C.Burying D.Having buried
28._________ on the analysis about it, we changed the basic use of it.
A.Based B.Basing C.Basis D.Basic
29.________ what it is now, it was a small place then.
A.Compared to B.Compare to
C.Comparing to D.Compare with
30.________ automatically (自动地), the e-mail will be received by all the club members.
A.Mailed out B.Mailing out C.To mail out D.Having mailed out
二、用单词的适当形式完成句子
31.At first English ________(speak) in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.
32.I borrowed a book ______________ ( write ) by Mark Twain from the library .
33.The cashless paying system ____________ (install) three years ago helps reduce students queueing time.
34.The painting___________(assess)at 100,000 dollars was found stolen last week.
35.The pictures___________(nail) on the wall have witnessed many happy moments of the family.
36.A month later, the boy_________(abandon) by his parents was adopted by an old man.
37.The town _________ (found) by English settlers in 1790 has become a big wealthy city.
38.What are you going to do with the letters________(return) this morning?
39.Football is a good game________(play)by boys in schools.
40.These ________ (use) plastic bottles can be recycled.
41.The movements ________(add)to the ballet will make it more appealing to the audience.
42.We can see kids playing to their hearts’ content with a ball ________(make)of plastic bags.
43.The old temple___________(damage)in the earthquake is being rebuilt.
44.At my birthday party, I received a pencil box ______(decorate)with some cartoon pictures on the top.
45.You don’t have to get college education but the experience _______(relate) to the job is essential (必要的).
46.The message________(convey)is clear, “Actions speak louder than words.”
47.This is an organization_______ (make) up of eight countries.
48.She is currently the highest ________(rank)player in the world.
49.Hurry up! There is little time ________ (leave) for us to catch up with the last bus.
50.With his attention _______ (concentrate) on his book, he noticed nothing indoors.
51.The picture will keep me __________ (remind) of the old days I spent with her.
52.In art criticism, you must assume that the artist has a message ______ (hide) within his/her work.
53.We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny __________ (work) out whatever they were going to be.
54.To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English ________(speak) as much as we can.
55.With all his spare time____________ (devote)to the research, the scientist almost has no time for a holiday.
56.I still find it terrifying to find myself___________(surround) by large numbers of dogs.
57.It’s better to get your car ___________(wash) before you get into the city.
58.When I work on the farmland in the daytime, I always keep my sheep____________(tie) to a tree on the riverbank.
59.We completely solved the problem with many scientific methods_______(use).
60.With all the work ______ (finish), they hurried back home for lunch.
61.My teachers keep parents ________ (inform) of children’s performance in the kindergarten by sharing videos on WeChat.
62.The scientist found the equipment in the laboratory ________(destroy).
63.It’s too cold. Please keep the windows ________(close).
64.My elder sister had her wallet __________ (steal) on a bus last month.
65.After a discussion, they decided to have the plan__________(improve).
66.He drove along with all the car windows ________(wind) up.
67.I’d like to see the plan ____________(carry) out.
68.________(drive) by ambition, he determines to write a book of his childhood.
69.________(inspire) by the message of the project, people felt that we should act now.
70.________ (bury) in her study, she paid no attention to what was happening.
71.________(compare) with other athletes, he is much more graceful.
72.________ (base) on a true story, the book has caught much attention.
73.______________(attract) by the Grand Canyon in this region, the professor observed the waterfall in the valley.
74.________(laugh) at by many people, he continued his study.
75.________(lose) in thought, he didn’t know his classmates had left the classroom.
76.____________(surround) by high walls and wide moats, the Forbidden City covers a large area.
77.________(bring) up in an educated family, he knows a lot about it.
78.When I opened the door, I found my father sitting in his chair, completely ________(absorb) in the humorous stories he was reading.
79._______ (build) 30 years ago, the house is still very stable.
80.Shanghai, ________ (locate) in the east of China, has been undergoing a fierce fight against COVID -19.
参考答案:
1.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:参与打架的两个学生互相道歉。分析句子可知,空处应用动词非谓语形式作后置定语,与逻辑主语The two students之间是被动关系,且所讲事件已发生,故此处应用动词过去分词作后置定语,因此应用involved。故选B项。
2.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词,虚拟语气。句意:在办公室例行会议上,校长坚持要特别注意提到的问题。分析句子成分可知,“insisted”后为宾语从句,因为“insist”词义为“坚持要求”时,引导的宾语从句应用虚拟语气(should) do,又因宾语从句的主语为“the problems”,所以谓语动词应为(should) be done;“refer to”词义为“涉及,提到”,应为过去分词形式作后置定语修饰前面的名词“the problems”。故选B。
3.D
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:房子的顶部是一艘倒过来的旧船。动词turn和boat之间是动宾关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。故选D。
4.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:英国音乐家创作的音乐吸引了全世界的音乐爱好者。分析句子结构可知write在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语music构成被动关系,故用过去分词作定语,表被动和完成。故选C。
5.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:志愿者决定帮助那个吸毒成瘾的男孩。短语be addicted to表示“沉迷于,上瘾”,省略be动词,用过去分词作定语。故选B。
6.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:北京大学最近进行的一项研究发现,60%的学生在考试前感到焦虑。主句的谓语动词是found,此处使用非谓语动词,作后置定语,carry out与study是逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词,表被动、完成。由谓语动词found可知,研究已完成,不能使用不定式的被动式。故选B。
7.A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他批评了该国政府采用的镇压手段。A.employed使用,利用;B.engaged从事,雇用;C.existed存在;D.edited编辑。根据语意,此处表达“利用这种方法”,设空处应用employed,过去分词短语employed by the country’s government作名词methods的后置定语。故选A项。
8.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:去年开放的计算机中心在这所学校的学生中很受欢迎。分析可知,空处作computer center的后置定语,应用非谓语动词,open和center之间为被动关系,且动作已经完成,应用过去分词。故选D。
9.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:现在她是一名致力于海洋保护的模特和行为艺术家。短语be devoted to表示“致力于”,此处省略be动词,过去分词作后置定语。故选A。
10.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在填完这份表格并签了字之后,请用我们提供的信封把它寄回给我们。分析可知,envelope后是定语,而provide和envelope之间是被动关系,用过去分词作后置定语,表被动。故选B。
11.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:Fitz夫人很失望的发现她让人修的洗衣机又出故障了。分析结构可知“she had had”是定语从句,修饰名词the washing machine,关系代词在从句中做宾语省略了,而动词see后宾语the washing machine与repair之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词做宾语补足语。故选C。
12.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当从澳大利亚来的老人用只言片语的汉语让别人明白他自己时,他很高兴。make +宾语+宾语补足语,himself和understand是被动关系,用过去分词作宾补,表示被动。故选D。
13.B
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:即使是最好的作家有时也会发现自己无言以对。分析句子结构可知,句中谓语是find,空格处用非谓语动词,“be lost for words”是固定短语,意为“无言以对”,因此空格处是lost,作宾语补足语,故选B。
14.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了让更多的人参与到海洋生物的对话中来,这位专家做了许多演讲和会谈。分析句子可知,句中涉及“get+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,“be involved in…”意为“参与……”,“people”和“involve”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故应用“involve”的过去分词“involved”作宾语补足语。故选B项。
15.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他自行车坏了,他想要修理。分析句子可知,repair是宾语补足语,与宾语it(指代bike),是被动关系,用过去分词作宾语补足语表示被动,故选A。
16.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:随着奥运圣火熄灭,北京2022年冬季奥运会于2月20日闭幕。分析句子可知,空格处应填入非谓语动词作宾语补足语。with+宾语+doing/to do/done为with的复合结构。the Olympic flame与extinguish“熄灭”是被动关系,且该动作已经完成,故用过去分词。故选C。
17.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在房间里,我们发现她坐在书桌前,注意力正集中在一本书上。此处为with的复合结构,attention与fix构成被动关系,应用过去分词,作宾语补足语。故选C。
18.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:——经理似乎不高兴。——是的。史蒂夫离开公司时,他的工作还没有完成。此处为with的复合结构:with+宾语+宾补,work与leave构成被动关系,应用过去分词作宾补,表示“未完成的”应用unfinished。故选B。
19.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:西蒙在他的床边放了一张乔丹的照片,让自己想起自己的梦想。此处为keep+宾语+宾补结构,remind与himself构成被动关系,故用过去分词作宾补。故选C。
20.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:汤姆讲的笑话让我们笑了起来,所以老师没能让人听清他的话。分析句子可知,空一作宾语补足语,make是使役动词,接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,表示“让某人做某事”,空二作宾语补足语,与宾语himself是被动关系,用过去分词表示被动,综上,故选B。
【点睛】
21.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:基于六个不同欧洲城市的数据,该报告是可靠的。分析句子,句中is为谓语动词设空处应使用非谓语动词。base为动词,意为“以……为基础”,其与the report之间是被动关系。故使用过去分词作状语。故选A。
22.B
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:从塔顶上看,紫金山南麓是一片树木之海。分析句子结构可知,see在句子中不是谓语动词,the south foot of the Purple Mountain和动词see 之间是被动关系,所以see应该用过去分词的形式作状语。故选B项。
23.A
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:巴黎是法国的首都和最大城市,位于塞纳河畔。本句已有系动词is且无连词,动词locate用非谓语形式,动词locate与逻辑主语Paris是动宾关系,用过去分词表被动,作状语。故选A项。
24.B
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:为了不被打扰,他锁在书房里呆了三个小时。可以看出该句不是spend...(in) doing sth.结构。此处是he was locked in the study这层含义,也就是说,lock in the study描绘了主语he的一种状态,动词lock和逻辑主语he是动宾关系,用过去分词表被动,作状语。故选B项。
25.D
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:如果有足够的照顾,孩子们可以更好地合作。本句已有谓语can cooperate且无连词,动词give用非谓语形式,逻辑主语the children与动词give是动宾关系,give用过去分词表被动,作状语。故选D项。
26.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:因对烧焦食物负有责任,那个粗心的厨师被解雇了。结合句意,分析句子可知,blame(责备)是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语the careless cook之间是被动关系,应使用过去分词blamed表被动,作原因状语。故选D项。
27.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他埋头学习,没有意识到其他人都已经离开了。短语be buried in sth“埋头于...”,分析句子结构可知,本句中已含有谓语动词,此处要使用过去分词作状语,故选B项。
28.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:基于对它的分析,我们改变了它的基本用途。 分析句子可知,主句谓语动词是changed,base用非谓语动词形式作状语,be based on “以……为根据”; “根据……”;“基于……”,作状语省略be动词,用based on,故选A项。
29.A
【详解】考查动词短语。句意:与现在相比,当时它是个小地方。分析句子可知,主句是it was a small place then,故“____ what it is now”用非谓语动词形式作状语, compare与逻辑主语it是被动关系,用过去分词形式,故选A。
【点睛】
30.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:电子邮件将自动寄出,所有俱乐部会员都将收到该电子邮件。本句已有谓语will be received且无连词,动词短语mail out (寄出)用非谓语形式,动词短语mail out 与逻辑主语the e-mail是动宾关系,且mail out发生在谓语动作之后,用过去分词的一般式表被动,作状语。故选A项。
31.spoken
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:最初,大约在公元450年到1150年之间,英国人所说的英语与今天所说的英语有很大的不同。分析句子结构可知非谓语动词speak与逻辑主语English构成被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。故填spoken。
32.written
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我从图书馆借了一本马克·吐温写的书。句中已有谓语动词,所以用非谓语动词形式。名词book与write之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语。根据句意,故填written。
33.installed
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:三年前安装的无现金支付系统有助于减少学生排队时间。分析句子可知,设空处作定语修饰名词system,二者之间是被动关系,应填过去分词形式。故填installed。
34.assessed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这幅估价10万美元的画上周被发现被盗。分析句子结构可知assess与逻辑主语painting构成被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。故填assessed。
35.nailed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:钉在墙上的画已经褪色了。见证了这个家庭的许多幸福时刻。句中已有谓语动词have witnessed,所以nail是非谓语动词,作后置定语修饰名词The pictures。The pictures与nail之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作定语。故填nailed。
36.abandoned
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:一个月后,被父母遗弃的男孩被一位老人收养了。句中谓语是was adopted,空格处用非谓语动词,由空后的by可知,boy和abandon之间是逻辑动宾关系,因此空格处用过去分词表被动,作后置定语,故填abandoned。
37.founded
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这个由英国殖民者于1790年建立的小镇已成为一个富裕的大城市。分析句子结构可知,has become在句中作谓语,空格处应填非谓语作定语修饰The town,且found“成立,建立”与The town之间为逻辑上动宾关系,故用过去分词表被动。故填founded。
38.returned
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:你打算怎么处理今天早上寄回来的信? ________(return) this morning作定语,修饰名词the letter。the letter和return之间是被动关系,应该用过去分词。故填returned。
39.played
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:足球是学校里男孩们玩的一项好游戏。分析句子可知,此处为非谓语动词作定语,因game和play为被动关系,所以为过去分词表被动作后置定语修饰game。故填played。
40.used
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这些用过的塑料瓶可以回收利用。分析句子可知,句中有谓语动词“can be recycled”,故空格处应用非谓语动词,“use”意为“使用”,动词词性,“bottles”和“use”为逻辑上的动宾关系,故应用“use”的过去分词“used”,作定语,意为“用过的”。故填used。
41.added
【详解】考查非谓语。句意:加入芭蕾舞的动作会使它更吸引观众。分析句子可知,句中的谓语为make,此处add为非谓语且与主语the movements之间为被动关系,需用过去分词形式added作定语。故填added。
42.made
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在世界各地,你可以看到孩子们尽情地玩塑料袋做的球。 分析句子可知,“(make)of plastic bags”作定语,修饰ball,make与ball是被动关系,用过去分词作定语。故填made。
43.damaged
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:在地震中损坏的旧寺庙正在重建。temple与damage为逻辑上的动宾关系,表示被动,所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填damaged。
44.decorated
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在我的生日派对上,我收到了一个铅笔盒,上面装饰着一些卡通图片。动词decorate与名词a pencil box之间是动宾关系,所以应使用过去分词短语作后置定语,对其修饰限定。故填decorated。
45.related
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:你不必接受大学教育,但与工作相关的经验是必不可少的。动词relate和the experience之间是动宾关系,应用过去分词作定语。故填related。
46.conveyed
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:传达的信息很明确:“行动胜于雄辩。”分析句子可知,所填空处为过去分词作定语。故填conveyed。
47.made
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这是一个由八个国家组成的组织。分析句子可知,句中有系动词“is”且句中无连词,故空格处应用非谓语动词,“organization”和“make”为逻辑上的动宾关系,故应用“make”的过去分词“made”,作后置定语。故填made。
48.ranked
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:她目前是世界排名最高的选手。分析句子结构可知,设空处需填入非谓语动词作定语,修饰player,动词rank与被修饰词player之间是动宾关系,因而用过去分词形式表示被动。故填ranked。
49.left
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:快点!我们几乎没有时间赶上末班车了。分析句子可知,句中有系动词“is”且句中无连词,故空格处应用非谓语动词,“leave”意为“剩余”,动词词性,“time”和“leave”为逻辑上的动宾关系,故应用“leave”的过去分词“left”,作后置定语。故填left。
50.concentrated
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他的注意力集中在他的书上,没有注意到室内的任何东西。“with +名词/代词(宾语)+非谓语动词(宾补)”with复合结构,宾语his attention与非谓语动词concentrate之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。根据句意,故填concentrated。
51.reminded
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意: 这张照片会让我想起我和她一起度过的旧时光。分析句子结构可知,此空处为“keep+宾语+宾补”结构,该结构中常用分词作宾补,宾语me与remind之间为被动关系,所以使用过去分词。故填reminded。
52.hidden
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在艺术评论中,你必须假设艺术家在作品背后有隐藏着的信息。分析句子结构可知,句中存在谓语动词has,且message与hide之间是被动关系,因此使用hide的过去分词形式hidden。故填hidden。
53.worked
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们认为二十年后,我们俩都应该实现了自己的命运,无论它们将会是什么。结合句意可知,此处的have为使役动词,意为“使,让;叫”,our destiny与work out之间为逻辑被动关系,应用过去分词表被动,作宾语补足语,have sth. done意为“让……被做”。故填worked。
54.spoken
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:为了学好英语,我们应该尽可能找机会听别人说英语。根据句意可知找机会听到英语被说,English和speak为被动关系,故用过去分词spoken作宾语补足语。故填spoken。
55.devoted
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这位科学家把所有的业余时间都投入到研究中,几乎没有时间度假。分析句子可知,此处考查固定结构“with+宾语+宾补”,空处应填动词非谓语形式作宾补,空处与逻辑主语his spare time之间是被动关系,故空处应填动词过去分词形式作宾补。故填devoted。
56.surrounded
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我仍然觉得自己被大量的狗包围着很可怕。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词,空处为非谓语动词作宾语补足语。该动词和宾语之间存在被动关系,所以用过去分词。故填surrounded。
57.washed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:你进城前最好把你的车洗干净。分析句子结构,空处作非谓语动词,wash与逻辑主语car之间是被动关系,应用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。故填washed。
58.tied
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当我白天在田里干活时,我总是把我的羊拴在河边的一棵树上。sheep与tie构成被动关系,故用过去分词作宾补。故填tied。
59.used
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们用许多科学方法彻底解决了这个问题。分析句子结构,空处作非谓语动词,use与逻辑主语methods之间是被动关系,应用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。故填used。
60.finished
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:所有的工作都做完了,他们匆匆回家吃午饭。分析句子可知,句中涉及“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,“finish”意为“完成”,动词词性,“work”和“finish”为逻辑上的动宾关系,故应用“finish”的过去分词“finished”,作宾语补足语。故填finished。
61.informed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:许多老师在微信上给家长分享视频,让家长知道儿童在幼儿园的表现。空处是非谓语动词作宾语补足语,inform和parents二者之间是被动关系,故应用过去分词。故填informed。
62.destroyed
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:科学家发现实验室里的设备被毁了。此处是“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,动词destroy和宾语the equipment之间是被动关系,故用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填destroyed。
63.closed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:它太冷。请把窗户关好。句中keep为谓语动词,设空处应该使用非谓语。windows和close之间是被动关系,故使用过去分词作宾补。故填closed。
64.stolen
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:上个月我姐姐的钱包在公共汽车上被偷了。空处是宾语补足语,动词steal和宾语her wallet之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作补足语,表示被动。故填stolen。
65.improved
【详解】考查过去分词作宾语补足语。句意:经过讨论,他们决定改进计划。have sth.done为“have+宾语+宾语补足语”这一复合结构,其中宾语与宾补之间是被动关系,需要用过去分词做宾补。分析句子可知,the plan和improve是被动关系,故需填improve的过去分词improved。故填improved。
66.wound
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:他开车时车窗都关上了。“with +名词/代词(宾语)+非谓语动词(宾补)”with复合结构,逻辑主语all the car windows与动词wind up (关闭)是被动关系,wind用过去分词作宾补。故填wound。
67.carried
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我想看到这个计划被执行。分析句子结构,空处作非谓语动词,carry与逻辑主语the plan之间是被动关系,空处应用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。故填carried。
68.Driven
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在野心的驱使下,他决定写一本关于童年的书。分析句子可知,“(drive) by ambition”作原因状语,drive与逻辑主语he是被动关系,用过去分词作状语,故填Driven。
69.Inspired
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:受到这个项目所传达的信息的启发,人们觉得我们应该现在就行动起来。主语为people,主语和动词inspire之间为被动关系,此处需用过去分词作状语,首字母大写。故填Inspired。
70.Buried
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:她埋头学习,没有注意正在发生的事。be buried in “埋头于”,在句中做状语时,应用过去分词形式。置于句首,首字母大写。故填Buried。
71.Compared
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:与其他运动员相比,他要优雅得多。compare为及物动词,在句中作状语,与逻辑主语he 为被动关系,compared with 意为“与……相比”,该空应用过去分词形式,句首字母大写。故填Compared。
72.Based
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:根据一个真实的故事,这本书引起了很大的关注。短语:be based on “以……为根据”,在句中作状语,应省去be用过去分词形式,故填Based。
73.Attracted
【详解】考查非谓语。句意:被这个地区的大峡谷所吸引,教授观察了山谷中的瀑布。分析句子可知,observe是句子的谓语,此处需用非谓语形式,动词attract与主语the professor之间为被动关系,需用过去分词作状语。故填Attracted。
74.Laughed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管被很多人嘲笑,但他还是继续学习。此处是非谓语动词作让步状语,动词短语laugh at(嘲笑)和主语he是被动关系,应用过去分词作状语,单词位于句首,首字母大写。故填Laughed。
75.Lost
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他陷入了沉思,不知道同学们已经离开了教室。固定短语be lost in thought“陷入沉思”,去掉be动词,使用过去分词,作状语,修饰主语。故填Lost。
76.Surrounded
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:紫禁城周围有高墙和宽阔的护城河,占地面积很大。分析句子,前半句作状语,紫禁城与环绕为被动关系,用过去分词作状语,且句首首字母大写。故填Surrounded。
77.Brought
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:在一个受过教育的家庭长大,他知道很多。此处句子主语he和bring之间是被动关系,所以此处是过去分词做原因状语,且位于句首首字母大写。故答案为Brought。
78.absorbed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当我打开门时,我发现我的父亲坐在他的椅子上,完全沉浸在他正在读的幽默故事。固定短语be absorbed in sth“全神贯注于某物”,去掉be动词,使用过去分词,作状语。故填absorbed。
79.Built
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这座房子建于30年前,至今仍然很稳固。此句the house is still very stable为主句,此处作状语,主语the house与build之间为被动关系,应用过去分词。故填Built。
80.located
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:位于中国东部的上海正在经历一场激烈的抗疫斗争。根据句子结构分析可知,此处locate为非谓语动词作状语,因主语Shanghai与locate是被动关系,因此需要使用过去分词形式,故填located。
Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World
过去分词做定语,宾补和状语
一、单项选择
1.The two students ________ in the fight apologized to each other.
A.involving B.involved C.to involve D.being involved
2.At the routine office meeting, the headmaster insisted the problems ______ paid special attention to.
A.referred to being B.referred to be C.refer to being D.refer to be
3.The top of the house is an old boat ________ upside down.
A.to turn B.turning C.turns D.turned
4.Music _________ by the British musician attracts music lovers all over the world.
A.to write B.to be written C.written D.writing
5.The volunteer decided to help the boy ______ drugs.
A.addicted with B.addicted to
C.addicting with D.addicting to
6.A recent study ___________by the Peking University found that 60% of the students suffered anxiety before the exams.
A.having carried out B.carried out C.carrying out D.to be carried out
7.He criticized the repressive methods ______ by the country’s government.
A.employed B.engaged C.existed D.edited
8.The computer centre, ______ last year, is very popular among the students in this school.
A.open B.opening C.having opened D.opened
9.Now she is a model and performance artist ________ to ocean conservation.
A.devoted B.devoting C.to devote D.devote
10.After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope ________.
A.providing B.provided C.having provided D.to provide
11.Mrs. Fitz was very much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ______ went wrong again.
A.it B.it repaired C.repaired D.to be repaired
12.The old man from Australia was very happy when he was able to make himself ______ in his broken Chinese.
A.understand B.to understand C.understanding D.understood
13.Even the best writers sometimes find themselves________ for words.
A.losing B.lost C.loses D.be lost
14.The expert gives many presentations and talks in order to get more people ________ in the conversation of ocean life.
A.involving B.involved C.being involved D.involve
15.His bike was broken and he wanted to have it ________.
A.repaired B.to repair C.to be repaired D.repairing
16.With the Olympic flame ________, the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics came to an end on February 20th.
A.to extinguish B.extinguishes C.extinguished D.extinguishing
17.In the room, we found her seated at a desk, with her attention ________ on a book.
A.fixing B.fixes C.fixed D.to fix
18.—It seems that the manager is unhappy.
—Surely he is. Steve left the company with his work ______.
A.leaving unfinished B.left unfinished C.leaving to finish D.left finishing
19.Simon put up a picture of Jordan beside his bed to keep himself ________ of his own dreams.
A.reminding B.to remind C.reminded D.remind
20.The jokes told by Tom made us ________, so the teacher couldn’t make himself ________.
A.to laugh; hearing B.laugh; heard C.laughing; hear D.laughed; heard
21. on figures from six different European cities,the report is reliable.
A.Based B.Basing C.To base D.Base
22.________from the tower, the south foot of the Purple Mountain is a sea of trees.
A.Seeing B.Seen C.To see D.To be seen
23.Paris is the capital and largest city of France, ______ on the River Seine.
A.located B.locating C.being located D.locates
24.In order not to be disturbed, he spent three hours ______ in the study.
A.locking B.locked C.to lock D.being locked
25.______ enough care, the children can cooperate better.
A.To give B.Giving C.Having given D.Given
26.______ for burning the food, the careless cook was fired at last.
A.Blaming B.To be blamed C.To blame D.Blamed
27._________ in his study, he wasn’t aware that all the others had left.
A.Bury B.Buried C.Burying D.Having buried
28._________ on the analysis about it, we changed the basic use of it.
A.Based B.Basing C.Basis D.Basic
29.________ what it is now, it was a small place then.
A.Compared to B.Compare to
C.Comparing to D.Compare with
30.________ automatically (自动地), the e-mail will be received by all the club members.
A.Mailed out B.Mailing out C.To mail out D.Having mailed out
二、用单词的适当形式完成句子
31.At first English ________(speak) in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.
32.I borrowed a book ______________ ( write ) by Mark Twain from the library .
33.The cashless paying system ____________ (install) three years ago helps reduce students queueing time.
34.The painting___________(assess)at 100,000 dollars was found stolen last week.
35.The pictures___________(nail) on the wall have witnessed many happy moments of the family.
36.A month later, the boy_________(abandon) by his parents was adopted by an old man.
37.The town _________ (found) by English settlers in 1790 has become a big wealthy city.
38.What are you going to do with the letters________(return) this morning?
39.Football is a good game________(play)by boys in schools.
40.These ________ (use) plastic bottles can be recycled.
41.The movements ________(add)to the ballet will make it more appealing to the audience.
42.We can see kids playing to their hearts’ content with a ball ________(make)of plastic bags.
43.The old temple___________(damage)in the earthquake is being rebuilt.
44.At my birthday party, I received a pencil box ______(decorate)with some cartoon pictures on the top.
45.You don’t have to get college education but the experience _______(relate) to the job is essential (必要的).
46.The message________(convey)is clear, “Actions speak louder than words.”
47.This is an organization_______ (make) up of eight countries.
48.She is currently the highest ________(rank)player in the world.
49.Hurry up! There is little time ________ (leave) for us to catch up with the last bus.
50.With his attention _______ (concentrate) on his book, he noticed nothing indoors.
51.The picture will keep me __________ (remind) of the old days I spent with her.
52.In art criticism, you must assume that the artist has a message ______ (hide) within his/her work.
53.We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny __________ (work) out whatever they were going to be.
54.To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English ________(speak) as much as we can.
55.With all his spare time____________ (devote)to the research, the scientist almost has no time for a holiday.
56.I still find it terrifying to find myself___________(surround) by large numbers of dogs.
57.It’s better to get your car ___________(wash) before you get into the city.
58.When I work on the farmland in the daytime, I always keep my sheep____________(tie) to a tree on the riverbank.
59.We completely solved the problem with many scientific methods_______(use).
60.With all the work ______ (finish), they hurried back home for lunch.
61.My teachers keep parents ________ (inform) of children’s performance in the kindergarten by sharing videos on WeChat.
62.The scientist found the equipment in the laboratory ________(destroy).
63.It’s too cold. Please keep the windows ________(close).
64.My elder sister had her wallet __________ (steal) on a bus last month.
65.After a discussion, they decided to have the plan__________(improve).
66.He drove along with all the car windows ________(wind) up.
67.I’d like to see the plan ____________(carry) out.
68.________(drive) by ambition, he determines to write a book of his childhood.
69.________(inspire) by the message of the project, people felt that we should act now.
70.________ (bury) in her study, she paid no attention to what was happening.
71.________(compare) with other athletes, he is much more graceful.
72.________ (base) on a true story, the book has caught much attention.
73.______________(attract) by the Grand Canyon in this region, the professor observed the waterfall in the valley.
74.________(laugh) at by many people, he continued his study.
75.________(lose) in thought, he didn’t know his classmates had left the classroom.
76.____________(surround) by high walls and wide moats, the Forbidden City covers a large area.
77.________(bring) up in an educated family, he knows a lot about it.
78.When I opened the door, I found my father sitting in his chair, completely ________(absorb) in the humorous stories he was reading.
79._______ (build) 30 years ago, the house is still very stable.
80.Shanghai, ________ (locate) in the east of China, has been undergoing a fierce fight against COVID -19.
参考答案:
1.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:参与打架的两个学生互相道歉。分析句子可知,空处应用动词非谓语形式作后置定语,与逻辑主语The two students之间是被动关系,且所讲事件已发生,故此处应用动词过去分词作后置定语,因此应用involved。故选B项。
2.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词,虚拟语气。句意:在办公室例行会议上,校长坚持要特别注意提到的问题。分析句子成分可知,“insisted”后为宾语从句,因为“insist”词义为“坚持要求”时,引导的宾语从句应用虚拟语气(should) do,又因宾语从句的主语为“the problems”,所以谓语动词应为(should) be done;“refer to”词义为“涉及,提到”,应为过去分词形式作后置定语修饰前面的名词“the problems”。故选B。
3.D
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:房子的顶部是一艘倒过来的旧船。动词turn和boat之间是动宾关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。故选D。
4.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:英国音乐家创作的音乐吸引了全世界的音乐爱好者。分析句子结构可知write在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语music构成被动关系,故用过去分词作定语,表被动和完成。故选C。
5.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:志愿者决定帮助那个吸毒成瘾的男孩。短语be addicted to表示“沉迷于,上瘾”,省略be动词,用过去分词作定语。故选B。
6.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:北京大学最近进行的一项研究发现,60%的学生在考试前感到焦虑。主句的谓语动词是found,此处使用非谓语动词,作后置定语,carry out与study是逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词,表被动、完成。由谓语动词found可知,研究已完成,不能使用不定式的被动式。故选B。
7.A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他批评了该国政府采用的镇压手段。A.employed使用,利用;B.engaged从事,雇用;C.existed存在;D.edited编辑。根据语意,此处表达“利用这种方法”,设空处应用employed,过去分词短语employed by the country’s government作名词methods的后置定语。故选A项。
8.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:去年开放的计算机中心在这所学校的学生中很受欢迎。分析可知,空处作computer center的后置定语,应用非谓语动词,open和center之间为被动关系,且动作已经完成,应用过去分词。故选D。
9.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:现在她是一名致力于海洋保护的模特和行为艺术家。短语be devoted to表示“致力于”,此处省略be动词,过去分词作后置定语。故选A。
10.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在填完这份表格并签了字之后,请用我们提供的信封把它寄回给我们。分析可知,envelope后是定语,而provide和envelope之间是被动关系,用过去分词作后置定语,表被动。故选B。
11.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:Fitz夫人很失望的发现她让人修的洗衣机又出故障了。分析结构可知“she had had”是定语从句,修饰名词the washing machine,关系代词在从句中做宾语省略了,而动词see后宾语the washing machine与repair之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词做宾语补足语。故选C。
12.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当从澳大利亚来的老人用只言片语的汉语让别人明白他自己时,他很高兴。make +宾语+宾语补足语,himself和understand是被动关系,用过去分词作宾补,表示被动。故选D。
13.B
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:即使是最好的作家有时也会发现自己无言以对。分析句子结构可知,句中谓语是find,空格处用非谓语动词,“be lost for words”是固定短语,意为“无言以对”,因此空格处是lost,作宾语补足语,故选B。
14.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了让更多的人参与到海洋生物的对话中来,这位专家做了许多演讲和会谈。分析句子可知,句中涉及“get+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,“be involved in…”意为“参与……”,“people”和“involve”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故应用“involve”的过去分词“involved”作宾语补足语。故选B项。
15.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他自行车坏了,他想要修理。分析句子可知,repair是宾语补足语,与宾语it(指代bike),是被动关系,用过去分词作宾语补足语表示被动,故选A。
16.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:随着奥运圣火熄灭,北京2022年冬季奥运会于2月20日闭幕。分析句子可知,空格处应填入非谓语动词作宾语补足语。with+宾语+doing/to do/done为with的复合结构。the Olympic flame与extinguish“熄灭”是被动关系,且该动作已经完成,故用过去分词。故选C。
17.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在房间里,我们发现她坐在书桌前,注意力正集中在一本书上。此处为with的复合结构,attention与fix构成被动关系,应用过去分词,作宾语补足语。故选C。
18.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:——经理似乎不高兴。——是的。史蒂夫离开公司时,他的工作还没有完成。此处为with的复合结构:with+宾语+宾补,work与leave构成被动关系,应用过去分词作宾补,表示“未完成的”应用unfinished。故选B。
19.C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:西蒙在他的床边放了一张乔丹的照片,让自己想起自己的梦想。此处为keep+宾语+宾补结构,remind与himself构成被动关系,故用过去分词作宾补。故选C。
20.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:汤姆讲的笑话让我们笑了起来,所以老师没能让人听清他的话。分析句子可知,空一作宾语补足语,make是使役动词,接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,表示“让某人做某事”,空二作宾语补足语,与宾语himself是被动关系,用过去分词表示被动,综上,故选B。
【点睛】
21.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:基于六个不同欧洲城市的数据,该报告是可靠的。分析句子,句中is为谓语动词设空处应使用非谓语动词。base为动词,意为“以……为基础”,其与the report之间是被动关系。故使用过去分词作状语。故选A。
22.B
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:从塔顶上看,紫金山南麓是一片树木之海。分析句子结构可知,see在句子中不是谓语动词,the south foot of the Purple Mountain和动词see 之间是被动关系,所以see应该用过去分词的形式作状语。故选B项。
23.A
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:巴黎是法国的首都和最大城市,位于塞纳河畔。本句已有系动词is且无连词,动词locate用非谓语形式,动词locate与逻辑主语Paris是动宾关系,用过去分词表被动,作状语。故选A项。
24.B
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:为了不被打扰,他锁在书房里呆了三个小时。可以看出该句不是spend...(in) doing sth.结构。此处是he was locked in the study这层含义,也就是说,lock in the study描绘了主语he的一种状态,动词lock和逻辑主语he是动宾关系,用过去分词表被动,作状语。故选B项。
25.D
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:如果有足够的照顾,孩子们可以更好地合作。本句已有谓语can cooperate且无连词,动词give用非谓语形式,逻辑主语the children与动词give是动宾关系,give用过去分词表被动,作状语。故选D项。
26.D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:因对烧焦食物负有责任,那个粗心的厨师被解雇了。结合句意,分析句子可知,blame(责备)是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语the careless cook之间是被动关系,应使用过去分词blamed表被动,作原因状语。故选D项。
27.B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他埋头学习,没有意识到其他人都已经离开了。短语be buried in sth“埋头于...”,分析句子结构可知,本句中已含有谓语动词,此处要使用过去分词作状语,故选B项。
28.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:基于对它的分析,我们改变了它的基本用途。 分析句子可知,主句谓语动词是changed,base用非谓语动词形式作状语,be based on “以……为根据”; “根据……”;“基于……”,作状语省略be动词,用based on,故选A项。
29.A
【详解】考查动词短语。句意:与现在相比,当时它是个小地方。分析句子可知,主句是it was a small place then,故“____ what it is now”用非谓语动词形式作状语, compare与逻辑主语it是被动关系,用过去分词形式,故选A。
【点睛】
30.A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:电子邮件将自动寄出,所有俱乐部会员都将收到该电子邮件。本句已有谓语will be received且无连词,动词短语mail out (寄出)用非谓语形式,动词短语mail out 与逻辑主语the e-mail是动宾关系,且mail out发生在谓语动作之后,用过去分词的一般式表被动,作状语。故选A项。
31.spoken
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:最初,大约在公元450年到1150年之间,英国人所说的英语与今天所说的英语有很大的不同。分析句子结构可知非谓语动词speak与逻辑主语English构成被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。故填spoken。
32.written
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我从图书馆借了一本马克·吐温写的书。句中已有谓语动词,所以用非谓语动词形式。名词book与write之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语。根据句意,故填written。
33.installed
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:三年前安装的无现金支付系统有助于减少学生排队时间。分析句子可知,设空处作定语修饰名词system,二者之间是被动关系,应填过去分词形式。故填installed。
34.assessed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这幅估价10万美元的画上周被发现被盗。分析句子结构可知assess与逻辑主语painting构成被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。故填assessed。
35.nailed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:钉在墙上的画已经褪色了。见证了这个家庭的许多幸福时刻。句中已有谓语动词have witnessed,所以nail是非谓语动词,作后置定语修饰名词The pictures。The pictures与nail之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作定语。故填nailed。
36.abandoned
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:一个月后,被父母遗弃的男孩被一位老人收养了。句中谓语是was adopted,空格处用非谓语动词,由空后的by可知,boy和abandon之间是逻辑动宾关系,因此空格处用过去分词表被动,作后置定语,故填abandoned。
37.founded
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这个由英国殖民者于1790年建立的小镇已成为一个富裕的大城市。分析句子结构可知,has become在句中作谓语,空格处应填非谓语作定语修饰The town,且found“成立,建立”与The town之间为逻辑上动宾关系,故用过去分词表被动。故填founded。
38.returned
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:你打算怎么处理今天早上寄回来的信? ________(return) this morning作定语,修饰名词the letter。the letter和return之间是被动关系,应该用过去分词。故填returned。
39.played
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:足球是学校里男孩们玩的一项好游戏。分析句子可知,此处为非谓语动词作定语,因game和play为被动关系,所以为过去分词表被动作后置定语修饰game。故填played。
40.used
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这些用过的塑料瓶可以回收利用。分析句子可知,句中有谓语动词“can be recycled”,故空格处应用非谓语动词,“use”意为“使用”,动词词性,“bottles”和“use”为逻辑上的动宾关系,故应用“use”的过去分词“used”,作定语,意为“用过的”。故填used。
41.added
【详解】考查非谓语。句意:加入芭蕾舞的动作会使它更吸引观众。分析句子可知,句中的谓语为make,此处add为非谓语且与主语the movements之间为被动关系,需用过去分词形式added作定语。故填added。
42.made
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在世界各地,你可以看到孩子们尽情地玩塑料袋做的球。 分析句子可知,“(make)of plastic bags”作定语,修饰ball,make与ball是被动关系,用过去分词作定语。故填made。
43.damaged
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:在地震中损坏的旧寺庙正在重建。temple与damage为逻辑上的动宾关系,表示被动,所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填damaged。
44.decorated
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在我的生日派对上,我收到了一个铅笔盒,上面装饰着一些卡通图片。动词decorate与名词a pencil box之间是动宾关系,所以应使用过去分词短语作后置定语,对其修饰限定。故填decorated。
45.related
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:你不必接受大学教育,但与工作相关的经验是必不可少的。动词relate和the experience之间是动宾关系,应用过去分词作定语。故填related。
46.conveyed
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:传达的信息很明确:“行动胜于雄辩。”分析句子可知,所填空处为过去分词作定语。故填conveyed。
47.made
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这是一个由八个国家组成的组织。分析句子可知,句中有系动词“is”且句中无连词,故空格处应用非谓语动词,“organization”和“make”为逻辑上的动宾关系,故应用“make”的过去分词“made”,作后置定语。故填made。
48.ranked
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:她目前是世界排名最高的选手。分析句子结构可知,设空处需填入非谓语动词作定语,修饰player,动词rank与被修饰词player之间是动宾关系,因而用过去分词形式表示被动。故填ranked。
49.left
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:快点!我们几乎没有时间赶上末班车了。分析句子可知,句中有系动词“is”且句中无连词,故空格处应用非谓语动词,“leave”意为“剩余”,动词词性,“time”和“leave”为逻辑上的动宾关系,故应用“leave”的过去分词“left”,作后置定语。故填left。
50.concentrated
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他的注意力集中在他的书上,没有注意到室内的任何东西。“with +名词/代词(宾语)+非谓语动词(宾补)”with复合结构,宾语his attention与非谓语动词concentrate之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。根据句意,故填concentrated。
51.reminded
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意: 这张照片会让我想起我和她一起度过的旧时光。分析句子结构可知,此空处为“keep+宾语+宾补”结构,该结构中常用分词作宾补,宾语me与remind之间为被动关系,所以使用过去分词。故填reminded。
52.hidden
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在艺术评论中,你必须假设艺术家在作品背后有隐藏着的信息。分析句子结构可知,句中存在谓语动词has,且message与hide之间是被动关系,因此使用hide的过去分词形式hidden。故填hidden。
53.worked
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们认为二十年后,我们俩都应该实现了自己的命运,无论它们将会是什么。结合句意可知,此处的have为使役动词,意为“使,让;叫”,our destiny与work out之间为逻辑被动关系,应用过去分词表被动,作宾语补足语,have sth. done意为“让……被做”。故填worked。
54.spoken
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:为了学好英语,我们应该尽可能找机会听别人说英语。根据句意可知找机会听到英语被说,English和speak为被动关系,故用过去分词spoken作宾语补足语。故填spoken。
55.devoted
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这位科学家把所有的业余时间都投入到研究中,几乎没有时间度假。分析句子可知,此处考查固定结构“with+宾语+宾补”,空处应填动词非谓语形式作宾补,空处与逻辑主语his spare time之间是被动关系,故空处应填动词过去分词形式作宾补。故填devoted。
56.surrounded
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我仍然觉得自己被大量的狗包围着很可怕。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词,空处为非谓语动词作宾语补足语。该动词和宾语之间存在被动关系,所以用过去分词。故填surrounded。
57.washed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:你进城前最好把你的车洗干净。分析句子结构,空处作非谓语动词,wash与逻辑主语car之间是被动关系,应用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。故填washed。
58.tied
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当我白天在田里干活时,我总是把我的羊拴在河边的一棵树上。sheep与tie构成被动关系,故用过去分词作宾补。故填tied。
59.used
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们用许多科学方法彻底解决了这个问题。分析句子结构,空处作非谓语动词,use与逻辑主语methods之间是被动关系,应用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。故填used。
60.finished
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:所有的工作都做完了,他们匆匆回家吃午饭。分析句子可知,句中涉及“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,“finish”意为“完成”,动词词性,“work”和“finish”为逻辑上的动宾关系,故应用“finish”的过去分词“finished”,作宾语补足语。故填finished。
61.informed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:许多老师在微信上给家长分享视频,让家长知道儿童在幼儿园的表现。空处是非谓语动词作宾语补足语,inform和parents二者之间是被动关系,故应用过去分词。故填informed。
62.destroyed
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:科学家发现实验室里的设备被毁了。此处是“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,动词destroy和宾语the equipment之间是被动关系,故用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填destroyed。
63.closed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:它太冷。请把窗户关好。句中keep为谓语动词,设空处应该使用非谓语。windows和close之间是被动关系,故使用过去分词作宾补。故填closed。
64.stolen
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:上个月我姐姐的钱包在公共汽车上被偷了。空处是宾语补足语,动词steal和宾语her wallet之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作补足语,表示被动。故填stolen。
65.improved
【详解】考查过去分词作宾语补足语。句意:经过讨论,他们决定改进计划。have sth.done为“have+宾语+宾语补足语”这一复合结构,其中宾语与宾补之间是被动关系,需要用过去分词做宾补。分析句子可知,the plan和improve是被动关系,故需填improve的过去分词improved。故填improved。
66.wound
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:他开车时车窗都关上了。“with +名词/代词(宾语)+非谓语动词(宾补)”with复合结构,逻辑主语all the car windows与动词wind up (关闭)是被动关系,wind用过去分词作宾补。故填wound。
67.carried
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我想看到这个计划被执行。分析句子结构,空处作非谓语动词,carry与逻辑主语the plan之间是被动关系,空处应用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。故填carried。
68.Driven
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在野心的驱使下,他决定写一本关于童年的书。分析句子可知,“(drive) by ambition”作原因状语,drive与逻辑主语he是被动关系,用过去分词作状语,故填Driven。
69.Inspired
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:受到这个项目所传达的信息的启发,人们觉得我们应该现在就行动起来。主语为people,主语和动词inspire之间为被动关系,此处需用过去分词作状语,首字母大写。故填Inspired。
70.Buried
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:她埋头学习,没有注意正在发生的事。be buried in “埋头于”,在句中做状语时,应用过去分词形式。置于句首,首字母大写。故填Buried。
71.Compared
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:与其他运动员相比,他要优雅得多。compare为及物动词,在句中作状语,与逻辑主语he 为被动关系,compared with 意为“与……相比”,该空应用过去分词形式,句首字母大写。故填Compared。
72.Based
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:根据一个真实的故事,这本书引起了很大的关注。短语:be based on “以……为根据”,在句中作状语,应省去be用过去分词形式,故填Based。
73.Attracted
【详解】考查非谓语。句意:被这个地区的大峡谷所吸引,教授观察了山谷中的瀑布。分析句子可知,observe是句子的谓语,此处需用非谓语形式,动词attract与主语the professor之间为被动关系,需用过去分词作状语。故填Attracted。
74.Laughed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管被很多人嘲笑,但他还是继续学习。此处是非谓语动词作让步状语,动词短语laugh at(嘲笑)和主语he是被动关系,应用过去分词作状语,单词位于句首,首字母大写。故填Laughed。
75.Lost
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他陷入了沉思,不知道同学们已经离开了教室。固定短语be lost in thought“陷入沉思”,去掉be动词,使用过去分词,作状语,修饰主语。故填Lost。
76.Surrounded
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:紫禁城周围有高墙和宽阔的护城河,占地面积很大。分析句子,前半句作状语,紫禁城与环绕为被动关系,用过去分词作状语,且句首首字母大写。故填Surrounded。
77.Brought
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:在一个受过教育的家庭长大,他知道很多。此处句子主语he和bring之间是被动关系,所以此处是过去分词做原因状语,且位于句首首字母大写。故答案为Brought。
78.absorbed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当我打开门时,我发现我的父亲坐在他的椅子上,完全沉浸在他正在读的幽默故事。固定短语be absorbed in sth“全神贯注于某物”,去掉be动词,使用过去分词,作状语。故填absorbed。
79.Built
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这座房子建于30年前,至今仍然很稳固。此句the house is still very stable为主句,此处作状语,主语the house与build之间为被动关系,应用过去分词。故填Built。
80.located
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:位于中国东部的上海正在经历一场激烈的抗疫斗争。根据句子结构分析可知,此处locate为非谓语动词作状语,因主语Shanghai与locate是被动关系,因此需要使用过去分词形式,故填located。
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