专题05 语法填空-冲刺高考英语大题突破+限时集训（江苏专用）

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（原卷版）
该题型它将语法知识的考查置于短文中，通过设置纯空格题填空和给填空两种形式来表现，主要考查学生的英语综合应用能力，通过语篇中考查学生的理解语篇的能力，分析句子结构以及熟练运用语法的能力。
(2022年新高考全国Ⅰ卷英语真题)
The Chinese gvernment recently finalized a plan t set up a Giant Panda Natinal Park(GPNP). ___56___ (cver)an area abut three times ___57___ size f Yellwstne Natinal Park, the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry. The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that ___58___ (be)previusly unprtected, bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity ___59___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilt perid, the GPNP will be fficially set up next year. The GPNP ___60___ (design)t reflect the guiding principle f “prtecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)f natural ecsystems, preserving bilgical diversity, prtecting eclgical buffer znes, ___61___ leaving behind precius natural assets(资产)fr future generatins”. The GPNP’s main gal is t imprve cnnectivity between separate ___62___ (ppulatin)and hmes f giant pandas, and ___63___ (eventual)achieve a desired level f ppulatin in the wild.
Giant pandas als serve ___64___ an umbrella species(物种), bringing prtectin t a hst f plants and animals in the suthwestern and nrthwestern parts f China. The GPNP is intended t prvide strnger prtectin fr all the species _____65_____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly imprve the health f the ecsystem in the area.
【设空有提示词时】
1.动词考虑是谓语还是非谓语
谓语则考虑时态、语态、主谓一致；
非谓语则考虑非谓语的解题思路，主动关系、被动关系和 固定搭配等原则；
2.名词考虑变为复数形式、形容词、或动词派生词；
3.形容词考虑变为副词、比较级、否定前缀或名词派生词；
4.代词则根据上下文空格前后的词判断用何种代词形式。
【设空无提示词时】
当空格前后为两个句子，且其中一个句子在另一句中充当某一句子成分时，空格处应填从属关联词。一般情况下，考查的是定语从句的关联词，有时也考查名词性从句或状语从句的关联词。
1.关系代词：that, which, wh, whm, whse, as; 关系副词when, where, why
2.名词性从句：that, whether,if；连接代词what/which/wh/whatever等；连接副词where/why/hw/when等
3.状语从句：when/while/if/unless/because/until等
4.当空格后有名词而且两者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指含义，或者空格处修饰序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式时，那么空格处一般是填冠词。有时还考查冠词在一些固定搭配中的用法。
5.当名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面一般是填介词。对介词的考查通常侧重于固定搭配中的介词及常见介词的习惯用法。
6.代词在语法填空中主要考查it的用法，此外还有人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词和不定代词需要掌握。
Perhaps n ther scientist has had a greater impact n China’s aerspace science ____36____Qian Xuesen. Brn in Hangzhu in 1911, Qian went t the United States fr further studies in 1935. Sn as a pineer in American jet and rcket technlgy, he and his clleagues ____37____ (fund) the Jet Prpulsin Labratry in the 1940s, nw ne f NASA’s leading space-explratin centres.
____38____(vercme) many difficulties in the US, Qian eventually returned t China in 1955. He received a ____39____(her) welcme frm his hmeland. At that time, in pr China, its rcket science was undevelped—N majrs in rcket science; N talents; N experts. Nevertheless, the “N”s didn’t discurage him frm taking ____40____the challenge. His reply t “Can we Chinese pssibly make missiles?” was a ____41____(determine) “Why nt? We Chinese are able t make the same things ____42____ther peple make.”
Under Qian’s leadership, China develped the Dngfeng missiles and launched its first man-made satellite. Even much f the technlgy behind the Shenzhu rckets can als be traced back t Qian’ research, s he earned the name f “the father f China’ aerspace”.
Qian was extremely ____43____(knwledge), especially in the area f frntier science research. Hwever, ____44____might have made him such an utstanding and creative scientist was prbably his strng interest in ther things, such as music and drawing. His deep appreciatin fr art ften gave him _____45_____(inspire) in his-scientific research.
On 31 Octber 2009, the whle cuntry was saddened by Qian’s death, and peple hnured and remembered him in different ways.
【来源】江苏省南通市海安市2022-2023学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题
（A）
（2022·江苏·统考一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cnsisting f a bamb frame and a ____1____ (delicate) painted paper surface, Chinese il-paper umbrellas have lng been viewed as a symbl f China’s traditin f cultural craftsmanship and petic beauty. Nt just are they an instrument t keep ff rain r sunlight, but als wrks f art ____2____(pssess)rich cultural significance and aesthetic(美的)value.
The first il-paper umbrellas appeared during Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220).Later,they____3____ (bring) verseas t Japan and ancient Krea during the Tang Dynasty (618-907),which is ____4____ they were knwn as “Tang umbrellas”.
It takes quite a lt f time and effrt t make a traditinal Chinese il-paper umbrella ____5____ hand. Fr example,in Fenshui twnship in Luzhu, Sichuan Prvince,craftsmenmust cmplete mre than 90 steps and use ver 100 different tls____6____ (create) a single handmade il-paper umbrella.
Since the appearance f mdern mechanical umbrellas, traditinal il-paper umbrellas____7____ (suffer) frm declining sales, while ____8____ number f craftsmen has been n thedecrcase. Frtunately, with the____9____ (include) f Fenshui il-paper umbrellas as ne fChina’s natinal intangible cultural heritages in 2008, things have been imprving. These greatitems appear in many fashin shws and media publicatins due t the psitive publicity _____10_____ they have received.
（B）
（2022·江苏泰州·泰州中学校考一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Why true happiness isn’t abut being happy all the time
Over the past tw decades, the psitive psychlgy mvement ___11___ (brighten) up psychlgical research with its science f happiness, human ptential and flurishing. It argues that psychlgists shuld investigate nt nly mental illness but als ___12___ makes life wrth living.
The funding father f psitive psychlgy, Martin Seligman, describes happiness as experiencing frequent psitive emtins, such as jy, excitement and satisfactin, ___13___ (cmbine) with deeper feelings f meaning and purpse. It implies a psitive attitude in the present and an ptimistic utlk fr the future. Imprtantly, happiness experts have argued that happiness is nt a stable, ___14___ (change) feature but smething flexible ___15___ we can wrk n and ultimately strive twards.
Recent research indicates that psychlgical ___16___ (flexible) is the key t greater happiness and well-being. Fr example, ___17___ (be) pen t emtinal experiences and the ability t tlerate perids f discmfrt can allw us t mve twards a richer, mre meaningful existence. Studies have als demnstrated that the way we respnd t the circumstances f ur lives has ___18___ (influence) n ur happiness than the events ___19___ (they). Experiencing stress, sadness and anxiety in the shrt term desn’t mean we can’t be happy in the lng term. Often when peple have faced difficulty, illness r lss, they describe their lives as happier and mre meaningful as a result.
_____20_____ feeling happy, which is a temprary state, leading a happier life is abut individual grwth by finding meaning thrugh the whle life. It is abut accepting ur humanity with all its ups and dwns, enjying the psitive emtins, and making use f painful feelings in rder t reach ur full ptential.
（C）
（2023江苏常州·高三统考试卷）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It was a successful afternn all-rund fr France n Sunday. The team ___21___ (bk) its ticket t the quarterfinals f the 2022 Wrld Cup with___22___3-1 victry ver Pland. And members f the team hit a number f histric marks.
France’s galkeeper Hug Llris made his 142nd appearance,___23___(cme) level(平齐的) with Lilian Thuram as his cuntry’s mst-capped player. Up frnt, Olivier Girud became France’s ___24___(lead) men’s screr with his 52nd gal fr Les Bleus, breaking Thierry Henry’s recrd.
___25___ , the star f the shw n Sunday was Kylian Mbappé,___26___ cntinued his recrd-setting pace with a frceful duble. At just 23 years f age, Mbappé is ne f the mst exciting talents in wrld ftball, and ___27___ (cnsistent) delivers n the biggest stage fr France.
Having helped secure the natin’s secnd Wrld Cup title in 2018 as a 19-year-ld, he is cntinuing his ___28___(dminate) fur years later. His duble in the match___29___Pland means he has scred five gals at this year’s turnament(锦标赛), as he leads the race fr the Glden Bt award, tw gals ahead f Linel Messi, Girud and a hst f ther players.
Hwever, mre significantly, Mbappé has scred nine gals in Wrld Cups, becming the first player ____30____(reach) that mark befre his 24th birthday. Mbappé passed tw ftballing legends with his duble. Bth Dieg Maradna and Cristian Rnald have eight Wrld Cup gals t their names.
（D）
（2023江苏扬州·高三统考开学考试）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There is nthing quite s French as a baguette—a lng, thin stick f bread that’s fund in every French bakery in the wrld. ____31____ this traditinal fd isn’t just a snack; the baguette is an imprtant part f French culture.
Accrding t ne legend, the baguette ____32____ (create) in Austria by a baker wh intrduced the steam ven t France in 1839. This baking methd made it pssible t bake bread with a crispy crust (酥皮) and light center.
Baguettes grew in ____33____ (ppular) in France thrughut the 19th century. Early baguettes were much larger than thse f tday. ____34____ (measure) arund tw meters lng, these baguettes were carried by delivery wmen, wh piled them like firewd n their backs. When ____35____ (serve), these huge baguettes were cmmnly laid alng the dinner table, as they were t lng t fit the table’s width!
While the bread dates back t the 1800s, the term baguette wasn’t regularly used until the 1920s, ____36____ a new law prevented bakers frm wrking befre 4:00 a. m. Fllwing the law’s intrductin, bakers started making bread with a lng, thin shape s that it wuld bake ____37____ (fast) and be ready in time fr breakfast. Baguette began t be used t refer t this fast-baking bread.
Baguette eating cmes with ____38____ (it) wn set f custms. Fr example, it’s cnsidered unlucky t place a baguette upside dwn n a table. And baguettes are usually brken apart by hand during meals, nt sliced ____39____ a knife. Hwever yu enjy them, just remember that yu’re nt just eating bread, yu’re eating ____40____ symbl f France!
（E）
（2023江苏·高三统考开学考试）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hme t the headwaters f the Yangtze, Yellw and Lancang rivers, the Sanjiangyuan area n the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原) is knwn as “China’s water twer.” It is a ____41____ (whle) unique plateau wetland ecsystem and serves as ____42____ imprtant eclgical defense fr the cuntry.
Decades ag, serius envirnmental degradatin (恶化) in Sanjiangyuan, ____43____ was caused by climate change and human activities, resulted in a large number f lakes drying ut and wildlife numbers falling sharply. In 2016, the pilt prgram fr the Sanjiangyuan Natinal Park management system ____44____ (launch). Thrugh painstaking practice, develpment and innvatin, effrts have been made ____45____ (turn) the park int a symbl f the prgress f China’s eclgical civilizatin.
Over the past years, the eclgical envirnment f the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ____46____ (experience) cmprehensive changes. Water cnservatin in the area has risen ____47____ 11 percent every year, cmpared with 10 years ag.
Lcal residents enjy the gifts given by nature, and the ____48____ (establish) f the natinal park has enabled them t transfrm frm expliting (开发) nature t becming its prtectrs and benefiting frm it. Sme wrk as tur guides, ____49____ (assist) visitrs frm hme and abrad.
Tday, as peple walk n the vast land f Sanjiangyuan, lking at the expansive muntains, glaciers, lakes and pastures, ____50____ catching sight f wild animals and birds, they cannt help be impressed by the vastness and beauty f nature.
（F）
（2022江苏无锡·高三统考试卷）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China in Translatin: Exhibitin f Internatinal Cmmunicatin Achievements f China Bks in the New Era, 2022 frmally ____51____ (pen) at the Frankfurt Bk Fair in Germany n Octber 19, 2022.
Hsted by China Natinal Publicatins Imprt and Exprt C., Ltd. (CNPIEC), ____52____ five-day event includes a physical bk fair and a bradcasting f a media vide cllectin. The physical bk fair presents a cllectin f mre than 300 titles ____53____ (riginal) written in Chinese alngside ____54____ (they) translated versins invlving mre than 30 languages, including English, Russian an German, ____55____ cvers a wide range f tpics, such as Chinese ecnmy, literature, histry, art and sme tpics abut cntemprary China.
The media cllectin displays multiple vides ____56____ (feature) 20 internatinally well-knwn schlars and experts explaining n tpics related t China, including ViletaBulc, frmer Eurpean Cmmissiner(委员) fr mbility and transprt f Eurpean Cmmissin and frmer Deputy Prime Minister f Slvenia and Stephan Petermann, advisr f Dutch Creative Industries Fund.
The featured exhibitin, a brand(品牌) prject ____57____ (create) by CNPIEC and displayed in an exhibit fr the first time in 2019, cmprehensively presents the publicatin and prmtin f Chinese bks in verseas markets frm different ____58____ (perspective) based n China’s key achievements in the glbal publishing sectr, ____59____ the aim f prmting exchanges and cperatin between Chinese ____60____ internatinal publishing cmmunities as well as bsting cmmunicatins.
（G）
（2023江苏盐城·高三统考试卷）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Aiming t inspire the peple f varius cuntries t learn Chinese, the vide series The Imaginatin f Art was released n Oct. 24.
The prject, ____61____ (jint) prduced by the Center fr Language Educatin and Cperatin and Central Academy f Fine Arts, selects multiple art pieces created by fur artists: Wu Jian’an, Kang Lei, Lu Zhengyuan and Zhang Fan.
Under the theme f “Chinese language plus arts”, the series____62____ (cmprise) f tw parts the first part f which cntains fur episdes, each____63____ (feature) ne artist. The secnd part will sec educatin experts guide Chinese learning frm their____64____ (wrk).
In the first episde, Wu, ne directr f Fine Arts Experimental Art Schl at the academy____65____ (share) his creatin prcedure f The Heaven f Nine Levels, ____66____ hand-carved piece inspired by Shan Hai Jing. The secnd intrduces The Garden f Frking Paths, artist Kang’s painting,____67____ title is inspired frm Jrge Brges’ nvel. The wrk demnstrates Kang’s reflectin ____68____ time, as she paints different sceneries and bjects in different places and at different times wrldwide ____69____(recrd) her feelings and experiences.
The ther tw episdes are respectively abut Lu’s wrk Slid Liquid and Zhang’s wrk Tianxin, bth f which have a_____70_____ (pwer) effect n peple learning Chinese.
（H）
（2023江苏苏州·高三统考试卷）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Illegal ivry (象牙) hunting nce psed a significant threat t Kenya’s elephants. But nw the giants f the animal kingdm ___71___(face) an even bigger risk: climate change.
In the past years, Kenyan ___72___(fficial) have cracked dwn n hunting, ___73___ has targeted giraffes fr their meat, bnes and hair and elephants fr their ivry tusks. But as Kenya battles its wrst drught in fur decades, the crisis is killing 20 times mre elephants ___74___ hunting. In Tsav Natinal Park much wildlife ___75___(flee) in recent years in search f water. T survive, elephants require vast landscapes fr fd. Adults can cnsume 300 punds f fd and mre than 50 gallns f water ___76___ day. But rivers, sil and grassland are drying up, ___77___(result) in pr and deadly envirnment.
In the last year, at least 179 elephants have died f thirst, while hunting has claimed the lives f fewer than 10, Kenyan Turism and Wildlife Secretary Najib Balala tld the BBC． “It is a red alarm.” he said f the crisis. Balala suggested that ___78___ much time and effrt has been spent tackling illegal hunting that ___79___(envirnment) issues have been ignred. “We have frgtten t invest int bidiversity ____80____(manage) and ecsystems,” he said. “Smething must be dne t deal with climate change.”
（2020年江苏省英语高考试卷）
Humr
If yu see humr as an ptinal frm f entertainment, yu’re missing sme f its biggest benefits: Humr makes average-lking peple lk cute and uninteresting peple seem entertaining. Studies shw that a gd sense f humr even makes yu seem smarter.
Best f all, humr raises yur energy, and that can have an effect n everything yu d at schl, at wrk, r in yur persnal life. The increase f energy will even make yu mre willing t exercise, and that will raise yur verall energy even mre.
Humr als transprts yur mind away frm yur daily trubles. Humr lets yu better understand life and smetimes helps yu laugh at even the wrst f yur prblems.
In my experience, mst peple think they have a sense f humr, and t sme degree that’s true. But nt all senses f humr are created equal. S I thught it wuld be useful t include sme humr tips fr everyday life.
Yu dn’t have t be the jke teller in the grup in rder t shw yur sense f humr. Yu can be the ne wh directs the cnversatin t fun tpics that are ripe fr thers t add humr. Every party needs a straight persn. Yu’ll appear fun and funny by assciatin.
When it cmes t in-persn humr, effrt cunts a lt. When peple see yu trying t be funny, it frees them t try it themselves. S even if yur wn effrts at humr fall shrt, yu might be freeing the lng kept humr in thers. Peple need permissin t be funny in scial settings because there’s always a risk that cmes with humr. Fr in-persn humr, quality isn’t as imprtant as yu might think. Yur attitude and effrt cunt a lt.
Sme peple--and I was ne f them--believe that humrus cmplaints abut the little prblems f life make humr, and smetimes that is the case. The prblem cmes when yu start ding t much cmplaint-based humr. One funny bservatin abut prblem in yur life can be funny, but five is just cmplaining, n matter hw smart yu think yu are. Funny cmplaints can wear peple ut.
Self-deprecating(自嘲式) humr is usually the safest type, but here again yu dn’t want t versht the target. One self-deprecating cmment is a generus and even cnfident frm f humr. Yu have t be at least a bit self-assured t laugh at yurself in frnt f thers. But if yu d it t ften, yu can transfrm in the eyes f thers frm a cnfident jker t a Chihuahua dg.
(2021 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新高考 I 卷）
Ging t Munt Huangshan reminds me f the ppular Beatles’ sng“The Lng and Winding Rad”. ____56____is s breathtaking abut the experience is the ut-f-this-wrld scenes. The rlling sea f cluds yu see nce yu are at the tp will remind yu hw tiny we ____57____ (human) are.
The ht spring at the ft f the muntain is smething yu must try after the climb. It will ____58____(undubted) help yu get refreshed! The amazing thing abut the spring is that the clder the temperature gets, the ____59____ (ht) the spring! Strange, isn’t it? But that’s hw nature is — always leaving us ____60____(astnish).
What cmes next is the endless series f steps. Yu can’t help wndering hw hard it ____61____ (be) fr the peple then t put all thse rcks int place. Thugh it is the nly unnatural thing n yur way up the muntain, still it highlights the whle adventure ____62____ffers a place where yu can sit dwn t rest yur ____63____ (ache) legs.
As the sng ges, this lng and winding rad “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitr’s memry. It sure des in ____64____(I).While yu’re in China, Munt Huangshan is ____65____ must t visit!
Humr
Benefits f humr
●Humr is frm f ____71____. Humr can imprve ne’s___72___ and persnality.
●Humr can make ne ____73____ in his wrk, study, and life.
●Humr has a psitive____74____ effect when we are in difficulties.
____75____t fllw
●____76____ thers fr a cnversatin f fun is as gd as telling a jke yurself when shwing yur sense f humr.
●Quality cunts ____77____ than attitude and effrt-even stupid jke can ____78____ thers f risk and embarrassment.
Traps t ___79___
●One humrus cmplaint makes funny persn. But t many cmplaints will _____80_____ yur audience.
●Self-deprecating cmments shw ne’s assurance. But t much deprecatin will make a Chihuahua dg.