高中英语高考高三英语一轮复习定语从句课件

这是一份高中英语高考高三英语一轮复习定语从句课件，共37页。PPT课件主要包含了CONTENTS，典型例题，什么是定语，Jenny等内容，欢迎下载使用。
• She is a clever student 形容词• She is a student with glasses介词• The student wh is knwn as a genius is Jenny.句子
在句子中，形容词介词和句子都可以充当定语成分，用于修饰限制名词。定语从句就是把句子中能够用形容词介词等充当的修饰性成分变成一句话
如何识别定语从句？• The student wh is knwn as a genius is Jenny.• 看左边，名词/代词______先行词：被定语从句修饰的对象关系词/引导词/连接词：链接主句和从句，也可在从句中充当成分。关系代词（wh,whm which,that,whse)，句子中充当主干成分，主语，宾语，表语， 关系副词（where,when,why)，只能充当状语成分
定语从句考点总结限制性和非限制性定语从句：that关系代词和关系副词的选择介词+关系代词分割式定语从句：找准先行词
限制性和非限制性定语从句 限制性 非限制性与先行词的关系修饰限制作用 补充说明作用 （没有它句子不完整）逗号 无 有关系代词 that只用于限制性 — 定语从句有逗号，无that 逗号与that 在定句从句中不能共存The by wh is playing ftball is my brther.Mr. Smith, wh lives next dr, cmes frm Canada.
定语从句解题思路定语从句做题两步走：1. 找到从句划括号连接词起，第二个谓语动词前止。Children wh are nt active will gain weight quickly一句话中有且只有一个谓语动词2. 根据成分选连词分析成分 看先行词如果从句中缺少主干成分，补关系代词（wh,whmwhich,that,whse)如果不缺主干成分，补关系副词（where,when,why)
分析成分 看先行词1.如果从句中缺少主干成分，补关系代词（wh,whm which,that,whse)主语：wh(人) which(物) that(人/物)宾语：wh/whm(人) which(物) that(人/物)定语：whse（人，物），连接词后是名词The by whse deskmate is a genius is Jim.
练一练：1.I have read all the bks ____ were brrwed frm the 16:30, ______ was almst clsing time, nearly all the paintings had been sld.3.Children wh are nt active r ____ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.
练一练：1.I have read all the bks which were brrwed frm the 16:30, ______ was almst clsing time, nearly all the paintings had been sld.3.Children wh are nt active r ____ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.
练一练：1.I have read all the bks which were brrwed frm the 16:30, which was almst clsing time, nearly all the paintings had been sld.3.Children wh are nt active r ____ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.
练一练：1.I have read all the bks which were brrwed frm the 16:30, which was almst clsing time, nearly all the paintings had been sld.3.Children wh are nt active r whse diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.
分析成分 看先行词如果不缺主干成分，补关系副词（where,when,why)先行词是地点，where先行词是时间，when先行词是原因，why1.This is my hmetwn, peple are friendly. 2.By the time yu arrived in Lndn,we had stayed there fr tw weeks3.He wanted t knw the reasn I was late
如果不缺主干成分，补关系副词（where,when,why)先行词是地点，where先行词是时间，when先行词是原因，why1.This is my hmetwn, where peple are friendly. 2.By the time yu arrived in Lndn,we had stayed there fr tw weeks3.He wanted t knw the reasn I was late
如果不缺主干成分，补关系副词（where,when,why)先行词是地点，where先行词是时间，when先行词是原因，why1.This is my hmetwn, where peple are friendly. 2.By the time when yu arrived in Lndn,we had stayed there fr tw weeks3.He wanted t knw the reasn I was late
如果不缺主干成分，补关系副词（where,when,why)先行词是地点，where先行词是时间，when先行词是原因，why1.This is my hmetwn, where peple are friendly. 2.By the time when yu arrived in Lndn,we had stayed there fr tw weeks3.He wanted t knw the reasn why Iwas late
二看介词在何处介词置于从句句首: 关系代词只能填whm或which ,先行词指人用whm, 指物用which练一练：5.I have n huse in ______ t live.6.I have n huse ______________ I can live yu knw the man with _____ I shk yu knw the man _______ I shk hands with.
介词+不定代词的用法1.介词+whm/whichThere are 50 students in ur class, mst f whm are bys.Here is Shandng, in which I grw up.2.介词的选择要结合从句的谓语动词Here is Shandng, frm which I +名词=the 名词+f which/f which+ the 名词The huse whse rf was damaged has nw been repaired.=The huse the rf f which was damaged has nw been repaired.=The huse, f which the rf was damaged has nw been repaired.
四看是否属特殊特殊情况1：that/which特殊情况2：such…as和such…that
易混点1. 请用that和which填空1. They talked f things and persns ____ they remembered in the schl.两2.Everything ____ can be dne has been dne.代3. This is the very girl ____ we are lking fr.限定性成分4.It’s the mst interesting mvie ____ I have ever seen.形5.My mm brught tw dgs hme yesterday. Nw I can see the tw___ are playing in the garden.数
6. Wh is the man ____ stands there?特7. There is a bk n the desk ____ belngs t Jack.有8. He built a factry which prduced things ____ we have never seen befre.重9. China is nt the cuntry ____ it used t be.表10. The first thing ____ I wanna d is t g hme.序
使用that不用which的情况两：先行词既有人又有物代：先行词为everything, anything, nthing, all等指物的代词时限：先行词被the nly, the very, the last,以及much,little, few, n等限定词修饰时形：先行词被形容词最高级修饰时数：先行词为数量词特：特殊疑问句wh、which有：There/Here is句型中重：多重定语从句中已经有了which，为避免重复表：关系词在从句中作表语序：先行词被序数词修饰两代限形数，特有重表序
使用which不用that的情况1.非限定性定语从句中不用that，逗号和that 不能共存例: Tm came back, ____ made us happy.2.关系代词前有介词，不用that，要么whm要么which例: This is the huse f ____ the windws face suth.3. 先行词为that, thse时，引导词用which例: What’s that ____ was put in the car?this ，these不能做先行词
4.两个定语从句为避免重复,一个用that,一个用which。例: Let me shw yu the nvel that I brrwed frm the library ____was newly pen t us.5. 个别情况下which还可作定语例: He may be late, in ____ case we ught t wait fr him.使用which不用that的情况in this/that case 如果这样的话，在这样的情况下Mark was a student at this university frm 1999 t 2003, during which time he studied very hard and was made chairman f the Students’ Unin.口诀：that使用有禁忌，两个地方它不去：逗号后面不考虑，介词后面它不去。which也可做定语，避免重复相互替。
易混点2. such…as…和such…that…/the same…as…和the same…that…1.He is such a clever by ____ everyne is such a clever by ____ everyne likes him.(the same) such…as…引导定语从句，从句中as要做成分(the same) such…that…引导状语从句，从句中that不做成分.This is the same phne as I have brrwed frm my is the same phne that I have brrwed ne frm my sister.as在限制性定语从句中 做题小技巧：去掉that/as看句子是否完整
As 和which都可以引导非限定性定语从句，在用法上有一些区别。1.as 和which都可以在定语从句中作主语，宾语，既可修饰一个词也可修饰前面的整个句子。1）.She accepted his prpsal, as(which)was natural.她接受了她的求婚，这是自然而然的。B.The by is pretty handsme, as(which)we can see in ur classrm.这个男孩非常的帅气，正如我们在教室看到。2.as 在非限定性定语从句中的使用1） as可以放在主句之前，主句之后，也可以放在句中，可以说位置很灵活。但是which常用在主句之后.As we knw,technlgy just like a engine t push the develpment f ecnmics.众所周知，技术就像是引擎推动着经济的发展。
B.The diva,as yu knw, is famus thrughut the wrld.这个女歌剧演唱家，正如你知道的，在全世界都出名。C.He has std her up, which I dn`t believe.他没有赴约，这事我不相信。3）在从句中谓语动词为被动语态，缺少主语时用as，不用which。A.Everyne knws that she has left, as was expected.
分割式定语从句先行词与从句隔得远例11.After the flding, peple were suffering in that area,______ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter t survive.知识扩展：suffer frm遭受患...病shelter sb. frm sth.保护某人免受...做题小技巧：找准先行词
分割式定语从句先行词与从句隔得远例11.After the flding, peple were suffering in that area,wh urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter t survive.知识扩展：suffer frm遭受患...病shelter sb. frm sth.保护某人免受...做题小技巧：找准先行词
A cmpany_______ prfits frm hme markets are declining mayseek pprtunities abrad.
A cmpany whse prfits frm hme markets are declining mayseek pprtunities abrad.
一、定语从句解题思路1. 找到从句划括号 2.根据成分选连词一看指人还是物，二看介词在何处，三看句中作何用，四看是否属特殊。主语：wh(人) which(物) that(人/物)宾语：wh/whm(人) which(物) that(人/物)定语：whse（人，物），连接词后是名词二、限制性和非限制性定语从句：that和逗号不能共存三、关系代词和关系副词的选择如果从句中缺少主干成分，补关系代词；如果不缺主干成分，补关系副词四、介词+关系代词五、分割式定语从句：找准先行词