高中英语高考Unit 5 Humans and nature【真题模拟练】-2022年高考一轮英语单元复习过过过（北师大版2019）（解析版）

这是一份高中英语高考Unit 5 Humans and nature【真题模拟练】-2022年高考一轮英语单元复习过过过（北师大版2019）（解析版），共83页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分25分)，5分，满分30分)等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 阅读 (共两节，满分35分)
第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Early in the 16th century men were trying t reach Asia by traveling west frm Eurpe. In rder t find Asia they had t find a way past Suth America. The man wh eventually fund the way frm the Atlantic Ocean t the Pacific was Ferdinand Magellan.
Magellan sailed frm Seville in September 1519 with five ships and abut 266 men. Thirteen mnths later, after spending a severe winter n the cast f Patagnia, he discvered the channel which is nw called Magellan’s Strait. In Nvember 1520, after many mnths f dangers frm rcks and strms, during which tw ships were lst, the three remaining ships entered the cean n the ther side f Suth America.
They then cntinued, hping t reach Asia. But they did nt see any land until they reached the islands ff the cast f Asia. Befre they arrived at these islands, later knwn as the Philippines, his men were dying f starvatin. While they were staying in the Philippines, Magellan was killed in battle. The remaining fficers then had t get back t Spain. They decided t sail rund Africa. After many difficulties, ne ship with eighteen men sailed int Seville three years after leaving. They were all that remained f Magellan’s expeditin. Hwever, their achievement was great. They were the first men t sail rund the wrld.
21．The purpse f Magellan’s expeditin was ________．
A．t sail rund the wrld
B．t find a sea rute t India
C．t make a vyage t Asia
D．t carry men t Philippines
22．Which f the fllwing is NOT mentined in the passage cncerning the expeditin?
A．Lack f navigatin equipment.
B．Severe winter in Patagnia.
C．The death f Magellan.
D．Dangers frm rcks and strms.
23．What is the best title fr the passage?
A．Magellan’s Expeditin
B．The Discvery f the Philippines
C．The Mst Dangerus Expeditin in Navigatin
D．The First Expeditin t Asia
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述的是麦哲伦及其船队第一次从欧洲向西航行到亚洲进而完成环球航行的探险之旅。
21．C [细节理解题。根据第一段的内容，可知，欧洲人试图向西航行，经大西洋到太平洋，然后到达亚洲，从而找到一条从海上去亚洲的路线。]
22．A [细节理解题。通读全文我们可以发现，全文没有提及navigatin equipment“航海设备”方面的问题。故选A。]
23．D [主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是麦哲伦及其船队第一次从海上去亚洲的探险之旅。故D为最佳选项。]
B
New effrts are being made t prevent American cllege campuses (校园) frm cigarette smking. Twenty clleges in the United States recently received mney t help prtect their campuses frm the harm f cigarettes.
Supprters say that every child deserves t grw up in a safe and healthy envirnment free frm harmful secnd－hand cigarettes. And in Nvember，smking at cllege campuses may becme illegal.
Befre banning smking at cllege campuses，the US has passed laws banning smking at mst wrkplaces.27 American states ban smking in all indr wrkplaces.
Thse supprting smke－free at wrkplaces and cllege campuses give ne majr reasn：the bad influence f smking n health.
The Centers fr Discase Cntrl (CDC) says smking has a great influence n health. They think cigarette smking is the leading cause f preventable deaths in the United States. Smking is respnsible fr 480，000 deaths every year.
Supprters say the bad influence f secnd－hand smke makes it a public health prblem. Sme als say that cllege campuses are a gd place t ban smking.
Gary Reedy，the CEO f the American Cancer Sciety，said it was imprtant t stp cllege students frm smking，and he expected t successfully create a cigarette－free generatin(代)．
The CDC fund that 13 percent f adults between the ages f 18 and 24 smke cigarettes. Reedy says that reducing (减少) the number f cllege students wh smke can help reduce the number f lder adult smkers. He als says nce a persn starts smking，it is hard t stp.
24．Wh are the new effrts gd fr?
A．Yung smkers.B．The CDC.
C．Cllege students.D．Peple in public places.
25．What makes the actin t ban smking pssible?
A．The bad influence f smking.
B．Mney wasted n cigarettes.
C．Public attentin t health.
D．Laws passed by the US.
26．Which ne is Reedy’s pinin?
A．Smke－free campuses have a lng－term influence.
B．Smking spreads easily amng cllege students.
C．It is easier fr cllege students t stp smking.
D．There’re mre lder adult smkers in the wrld.
27．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Secnd－hand smke is affecting cllege students t
B．Banning smking is being tried at U．S.clleges
C．Cigarettes shuld be ttally banned in cllege
D．Grups take steps t prtect cllege students
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。美国正采取一项措施，尝试在大学校园里禁烟，以保护大学生们免受吸烟的危害。
24．C [推理判断题。根据第一段的第一句可知，这次行动是在大学校园禁烟，受益的是大学生们。]
25．D [细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句Befre banning mst wrkplaces可知，这次禁烟运动是依据法律进行的，这使得这次运动成为可能。]
26．A [推理判断题。根据最后一段Reedy says that reducing the number lder adult smkers可知，他认为，减少大学生吸烟的人数能帮助减少成年人吸烟的人数，即在校园禁烟有长期影响。]
27．B [主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句可知，本文主要介绍了美国正采取一项措施，尝试在大学校园里禁烟，以保护大学生们免受吸烟的危害。]
C
Dying fr an ice－cream？A hundred years ag，yu might have dne just that. Until they were illegal in 1926 fr their rle in spreading tuberculsis (肺结核)，ices were cmmnly sld in glasses，which were rarely cleaned. Scp A wnderful Ice Gream Wrld，the first exhibitin f the British Museum f Fd in King’s Crss, Lndn，has a twer f these unlikely killers frm the wide cllectin f experts Rbin and Carline Weir，authrs f Ices：The Definitive Guide.
Yet the sweet pleasures f ice－cream were very much wrth the risk. In the 17th and 18th centuries，they were regarded as a fd nly belnging t the super－rich，and a symbl f scial psitin. It’s said that abut 1 litre f ice－cream cst ￡50：“Yu really had t lve yur guests，”says Rbin. Little wnder，he adds，that businessmen tried their best t keep their trade secret：“If yu knew hw t make ice－cream，it was a meal ticket fr life.”
What businessmen wanted t cnceal was just hw they made ice－cream：with a handful f ingredients (原料)，sme ice，salt and a bit f effrt，“yu can create thusands f different kinds f ice－cream，”Rbin says. Yet，fr all that，bring ld vanilla (香草) remains the mst ppular. Nine ut f ten ice－creams sld were vanilla ice－cream，accrding t the Ice Cream Alliance.
Whatever kind f ice－cream yu like，it is all t easy t vereat，an experience likely t end in the pain knwn as “brain freeze”．Luckily，the way t deal with it is very simple—place yur tngue n the rf f yur muth t help warm the nerve.
28．Why did ice-cream lse its ppularity in 1926?
A．It was hard t clean its cntainer.
B．It was ttally made in a secret way.
C．It was n lnger as delicius as befre.
D．It was respnsible fr a serius disease.
29．What des Rbin mean by saying “Yu really had t lve yur guests”？
A．The guests were rich peple.
B．Ice-cream sld at a high price.
C．Ice-cream was ppular at dinner.
D．The guests dared t take the risk.
30．Which f the fllwing best explains “cnceal” underlined in paragraph 3?
A．Cntrl.B．Hide.C．Slve.D．Select.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。本文介绍了有关冰淇淋的一些事实情况。
28．D [细节理解题。根据第一段的A hundred years ag, yu might have were rarely cleaned可知，人们认为冰淇淋和肺结核病的传播有关，所以就把它取缔了。]
29．B [推理判断题。根据It’s said that abut 1 litre f ice－cream cst ￡50可知，Rbin说这句话的意思是冰淇淋很贵。]
30．B [词义猜测题。联系上文的Little wnder, he keep their trade secret可知，商人们想隐藏他们是如何制作冰淇淋的。]
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Self－lve is the key t a happy life. After we have learned hw t lve urselves，we will be able t lve thers.__31__ Yu have t learn sme steps t develp self－lve.
Accept yurself the way yu are. Every persn has his r her wn advantages and disadvantages. Our advantages make us prud but ur disadvantages make us unhappy. This isn’t the right attitude twards life.__32__ In fact，n ne n this earth is perfect. The key is t achieve a better balance (平衡) and try t be as happy as pssible.
Stp wrrying.__33__ It wn’t help yu get the slutin (解决办法)．In fact，it will make yu very unhappy. S，dn’t let yur wrries influence yu. This will help yu face the difficulties f life mre psitively.
Enjy life. Take part in activities that yu lve and develp a hbby.__34__ Take sme time t enjy them at least nce a week. This way yu are ding smething that yu are gd at，which will make yu feel gd abut yurself，and make yu start lving life and everyne and everything in it.
__35__ If yur bdy is weak and suffering frm sme health prblems，yu aren’t ging t like anything abut it. S yu must take gd care f yur health. It includes eating fresh healthy fd，taking enugh rest and ding exercise.
A．Live a healthy lifestyle.
B．Make effrts t imprve yurself.
C．It will hld yu back frm lving yurself.
D．They can be anything that makes yu happy.
E．Wrrying abut a prblem wn’t let yu think clearly.
F．Hwever，learning t lve yurself isn’t ging t be easy.
G．The crrect thing t d is accept the fact that yu aren’t perfect.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了如何爱自己。
31．F [该空上一句提到爱自己对拥有快乐的人生很重要，但学会爱自己也是一件不容易的事，你需要掌握一些方法，故选F项。]
32．G [该空前一句说这不是对待生活的正确态度，后一句说世界上没有一个人是完美的，所以G项“正确的做法是接受你不完美这一事实”符合语境。]
33．E [根据该段的主题句和该空后的It wn’t help yu get the slutin可知，担忧一个问题会让你的思考变得不清晰。]
34．D [该空前一句提到了参加自己喜欢的活动或培养一个爱好，该空在解释应该参加什么样的活动和培养什么样的爱好，再结合本段的主题句可知， 只要是能让你开心的活动和爱好，什么都可以。]
35．A [该空为该段的主题句，根据该段中出现的take gd care f yur health 及eating fresh healthy fd, taking enugh rest and ding exercise可知，该段内容与拥有健康的生活方式有关，故选A项。]
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
They had t get as many peple ut f the burning building as quickly as they culd. S they tld them t jump ut f the windw.
The first ne ut f the windw was a man，wh was fllwed by his tw children. Next，a baby and then the baby’s mther __36__ the third－stry windw. All f them did this in __37__．At that mment the smke was billwing (涌出) frm the apartment in Clunbus，Ohi，Brian Smith and Crey Bykin tried their best t __38__ them.
It happened last Nvember at arund 4 am，when a __39__ started n the secnd flr. “I gt my family ut，”said Smith. “Then I started kncking n drs n the first flr but n ne answered. I tried __40__ the secnd flr，__41__ the smke was t black. I culdn’t __42__；nr culd I breathe. S I __43__ and came utside. That’s when I saw peple utside the __44__．”
Bykin was at his __45__ Melanie Nunemaker’s huse，acrss the street frm the apartment. He knew smething was __46__，saying，“I saw a baby drp ut f the windw，and Smith was __47__ the child belw.”
Bykin ran t a nearby huse t get a ladder and __48__ t help. He fund Smith utstretched (伸开) his arms，shuting，“__49__！I’ll get yu. ”He caught several peple.
Bykin __50__ the ladder t ask thse n the third flr t turn arund and g tward him __51__ they culdn’t see thrugh the smke.
“I __52__ walking ut thrugh the frnt dr，but a big clud hit me. The smke was getting t me s __53__ that I culdn’t breathe，”a man called Chase Ray tld 10TV.“He __54__ my life，fr sure.”
And it didn’t __55__．When Bykin saw his burned-ut neighbrs，he tk 20 r s f them back t his friend Nunemaker’s huse. “We gave them clthes，shes，whatever we had，”Bykin said.
36．A. came ut fB．lked ut fC．kncked nD．pinted t
37．A. peaceB．fearC．silenceD．secret
38．A. freeB．findC．help D．surprise
39．A. gameB．partyC．fightD．fire
40．A. reachingB．blckingC．kickingD．cvering
41．A. sB．andC．fr D．but
42．A. seeB．talkC．shutD．listen
43．A. gt ffB．went byC．carried nD．turned arund
44．A. carB．windwC．schlD．cmpany
45．A. neighbrB．friendC．teacherD．student
46．A. imprtantB．necessaryC．specialD．wrng
47．A. praisingB．treatingC．catchingD．teaching
48．A. rushedB．prmisedC．agreedD．learned
49．A. RunB．JumpC．HelpD．Quick
50．A. leftB．ignredC．climbedD．mved
51．A. becauseB．unlessC．thughD．until
52．A. avidedB．hatedC．triedD．cntinued
53．A. earlyB．sftlyC．fullyD．badly
54．A. riskedB．savedC．changed D．admired
55．A. disappearB．burstC．finishD．settle
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Smith和Bykin冒着生命危险将被大火围困在房间里的人营救出来。
36．A [根据上文The first ne ut f the windw was a man可知，一个宝宝和妈妈从窗户往下跳。]
37．B [由下文At that mment the smke was billwing frm the apartment可知，浓烟从楼房里涌出来，每个人都害怕地从窗户往下跳。]
38．C [从下文可知，Smith和Bykin帮助了房间里所有被困的人。]
39．D [由上文the smke was billwing frm the apartment可知，发生了火灾。]
40．A [根据上文I started kncking n drs n the first flr but n ne answered可知，敲一楼的门没人应答，于是Smith就想上二楼救人，但是滚滚浓烟挡了他的去路。]
41．D [我试图到二楼，但是烟太浓了。]
42．A [根据上文the smke was t black可知，浓烟滚滚让上楼救人的Smith看不清四方。]
43. D [Smith上楼救人但烟太浓看不清，只好转身来到房子外面。]
44．B [根据下文I saw a baby drp ut f the windw可知，有人从窗户往下跳。]
45．B [由下文he tk 20 r s f them back t his friend Nunemaker’s huse可知，Nunemaker是Bykin的朋友。]
46．D [据下文I saw a baby drp ut f the windw可知，Bykin发现有人从窗户往下跳，觉得事情有些不对劲。]
47．C [由下文He fund Smith utstretched his arms可知，Bykin发现Smith正在接住从窗户跳出来的人。]
48．A [根据上文ran t a nearby huse t get a ladder可知，Bykin发现问题后借了一把梯子，赶紧去帮忙。]
49．B [根据上文Smith utstretched his arms及下文I’ll get yu可知，Smith鼓励人们勇敢地往下跳。]
50．C [根据下文t turn arund and g tward him __51__ they culdn’t see thrugh the smke可知，由于当时烟很大看不清，于是Bykin爬上梯子去救人。]
51．A [参考上题解析。]
52．C [根据下文but a big clud hit me可知，Chase Ray试着从前门出去。]
53．D [烟如此浓烈以致于我不能呼吸。]
54．B [由上文I __52__ walking ut thrugh the frnt dr, but a big clud hit me可知，当时居民Chase Ray也在受困人群之列，而Bykin当时在救人，故可推知他也被Bykin救出。]
55．C [根据下文When Bykin saw his burned－ut neighbrs, he tk 20 r s f them back t his friend Nunemaker’s huse可知，救人行动还没有完。]
非选择题部分
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
We’ve all heard that laughter is the 56.________ (gd) medicine，and it’s true. Laughter makes yu feel better and it’s als gd 57.________ yur relatinships. Laughter brings peple clser，and is a 58.________ (pwer) tl fr making yu relax when feelings are running high. Whether with yur friends and family，r c－wrkers，yu can learn t use humr 59.________ (slve) disagreements，lwer everyne’s stress levels，and cmmunicate in a way that deepens the relatinships.
Humr plays 60.________ imprtant rle in all kinds f relatinships. In new relatinships，humr can be a useful tl nt just fr attracting the ther persn but als fr getting ver any awkwardness (尴尬) 61.________ (arise) when we get t knw each ther. In ld relatinships，humr can keep things mre exciting and fresher.
Sharing the pleasure f humr 62.________ (create) a sense f clseness and cnnectin between tw peple—63.________ (quality) that are signs f strng and successful relatinships. When yu laugh with ne anther，yu create a psitive relatinship between yu，64.________ acts as a strng buffer (缓冲剂) against stress，disagreements and disappintments in yur relatinship. And laughter is spreading—just hearing smene laugh ften makes yu smile 65.________ (happy) and jin in the fun.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。笑是良药，它在我们的生活中无比重要。
56．best [根据空前的the可知，此处应用形容词的最高级形式。]
57．fr [be gd fr...对……有好处。]
58．pwerful [形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词tl。]
59．t slve [use sth t d sth用……来做某事。]
60．an [play an imprtant rle in...在……中发挥重要的作用。]
61．arising [awkwardness与arise之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。]
62．creates [主语为动名词短语，且本句陈述一般事实，故填create的第三人称单数形式creates。]
63．qualities [根据空格后的are signs可知，此处填名词的复数形式。]
64．which [空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的句子，故填which。]
65．happily [副词修饰省略t的动词不定式。]
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
假设你是李华，最近你校正准备组织学生进行旅行活动，但关于旅游景点还未决定，学校特向同学们征求意见，请你给林董事长写一封英文信，内容包括：
1．推荐一个旅游城市；
2．推荐理由(2～3个)；
3.希望董事长考虑。
要求：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear Mr. Lin，
Knwing that ur schl is asking fr ur pinins abut which city t enjy, I wuld like t recmmend a famus ne—Guilin. The reasns are as fllws.
Lying alng the Lijiang River, Guilin is a key turist city which is famus fr its beautiful scenery in the wrld. With clear water and green hills, it attracts thusands f turists every year. Besides, it’s a charming city with rich culture and a lng histry, where yu can enjy varius caves and carvings(雕刻)．
I will be extremely glad and hnred if yu culd take it int cnsideratin!
Yurs sincerely，
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
With time ging by, Mther’s Day was arund the crner．Maybe it is the happiest day fr every mther. Bruce, a by f nine years ld, with his little sister Alina, six years ld, wanted their mther t be ne f them. But they were t yung t get a jb, even if a part－time ne. What culd they d? There was nly ne week left. They felt sad whenever they thught their mther wuld spend her Mther’s Day withut carnatins(康乃馨)．
Mney is hard t make. Buying a bunch f carnatins wuld cst a large sum f mney fr them. One day when they were wandering at the street, they heard Mr. Green was cmplaining that he had n time t wash thse sda pp bttles. It is a kind f sda pp sld in bttles and the bttles can be washed and filled again. Mr. Green ran that grcery shp by himself, s he had n time t wash them. “Wuld yu like t try, Alina？” Bruce asked his sister suddenly. Alina ndded her head withut hesitatin. After all, bth f them knew that maybe it was an pprtunity fr them t make mney fr the flwers.
They walked a few steps and came near Mr. Green. They lked up at Mr. Green and asked whether they culd help him t wash thse bttles. Mr. Green lked at them curiusly until he was tld the reasn. He agreed and prmised that he wuld pay 0.1 dllar fr every bttle. Bruce and Alina were very happy even thugh they knew they wuld have a busy week.
They came t Mr. Green’s shp in the next seven days when they came back frm schl. On the mrning f Mther’s Day, they gt the pay—6.1 dllars. The by als had 0.3 dllar saved.
S with a ttal f 6.4 dllars they walked abut a mile t where a flwer shp was lcated. When they came inside, smene asked what they wanted. They tld him they wanted t buy sme carnatins fr their mther. The by reached int his pcket and pulled ut their cash, asking if that wuld be enugh.
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Paragraph 1：
“But, yur mney is nt enugh！” said the shp assistant. ____________________________________
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Paragraph 2：
“Wait a mment, please！” anther gentleman waved t them. _________________________________
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【参考范文】
Paragraph 1：
“But, yur mney is nt enugh！” said the shp assistant.“ Even fr the smallest bunch？” Bruce asked quickly and eagerly, nt believing his ears.“Nt enugh！” the shp assistant answered clearly, with the explanatin that carnatins were the mst expensive flwers these days because f Mther’s Day. They were t disappinted t hear that! Bruce hpelessly put the mney back int his pcket．
Paragraph 2：
“Wait a mment, please！” anther gentleman waved t them. “I just have sme carnatins n sale which are a little small but pretty. Wuld yu like t have a lk? Only tw dllars! ”Bruce ndded at nce. “Just a minute！” He went in the back and came ut with a bunch f carnatins with paper wrapping arund the pt. He tk nly tw dllars, and als gave a Mther’s Day card as a gift. “Thank yu very much，” Bruce bwed t the gentleman and they walked hme prudly carrying the flwers fr Mum. They culdn’t wait t see her smiling face.