Unit 3（培优卷）——2022-2023学年八年级下册英语单元卷（牛津译林版）（原卷版+解析版）

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班级________ 姓名________ 学号_________ 分数________ Unit 3B卷·能力提升（时间：100分钟，满分：100分）第Ⅰ卷 选择题 一、单项选择（满分10分，每小题1分，共10小题）1．—Hey, Daniel. What do you want to do when you grow up?​​​​​​​—I always ________ being an artist, but my parents want me to be a doctor.A．keep on B．pick up C．lead to D．dream of2．My geography teacher ________ me the earth ________ around the sun when I was at school.A．tells; moved B．told; moved C．tells; move D．told; moves3．Mr. King saw his son ________ computer games when he came back home.A．play B．playing C．watch D．watching4．It ________ ten years since I ________ in this new office.A．is; worked  B．has been, has workedC．was; worked  D．was; has worked5．This kind of computer ________ last year. But the sales have dropped a lot because of the newest model.A．sold well B．were sold well C．sell well D．are sold well6．The flood in 1998 washed lots of houses __________ and lots of people __________.A．on; died B．away; dead C．off; dead D．away; died7．—Would you like to go to buy a book by Cao Wenxuan with me tomorrow? He won the 2016 Hans Christian Andersen Awards（国际安徒生奖）. —Really? I’d love to, but tomorrow is quite ________ for me.A．full B．hard C．real D．lucky8．Jack didn’t _________ my birthday party but _________ us for dinner yesterday evening.A．take part in; joined B．join; took part inC．join; take part in D．take part in; join9．— It’s cold today. Would you mind ________ the windows?— Of course not.A．to close by me B．we closing C．my closing D．I close10．Hurry up! The film ________ for 10 minutes.A．has begun B．began C．has been on D．begins二、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）I used to have little passion (激情) in my life. But what happened the other day changed my mind. It was then that I learned how__11__it is to have a passion in life.That day I went home in Mom’s car. When Mom __12__at a red light, someone on the side of the road caught my eye. It was a man dressed _13_ rags(破旧衣服). He was homeless. That didn’t interest me, __14__I had seen many people like him before. Those people usually looked unhappy and hopeless. But this man was __15__in some way. He was not sitting down with a __16__expression. Instead, he had a__17__ in his hand and was dancing happily to the music. The radio seemed to be the most precious thing he had. “Mom, why does that man have a radio though he’s __18__?” I asked“He ___19___it,” she replied.“But why doesn’t he use the money to buy food or clothes? He __20__ something that he didn’t need.” “Well, Sarah, sometimes food and clothes aren’t the most important.”That man must care so__21__about music that he bought a radio instead of food or clothes. I soon realized that __22__is the key to life.Since then, I am always thinking of __23__is truly important in life. A home, a meal, clothes — these things are only _24_ of the life. What we often forget is that we all need a joy, a light in a__25__ day. We all need a passion which gives a person the happiness they need to keep going.11．A．important B．strange C．dangerous D．difficult12．A．exercised B．walked C．stood D．stopped13．A．on B．in C．at D．of14．A．but B．and C．so D．because15．A．common B．polite C．different D．rude16．A．nervous B．sad C．mad D．happy17．A．hat B．phone C．radio D．scarf18．A．hopeless B．homeless C．careless D．useless19．A．bought B．made C．fixed D．borrowed20．A．asked for B．waited for C．paid for D．looked for21．A．little B．much C．many D．few22．A．happiness B．health C．knowledge D．friendship23．A．what B．who C．where D．when24．A．power B．purpose C．key D．part25．A．warm B．hot C．dark D．relaxing三、阅读单选（共14小题，每小题2分，满分28分）APaper or plastic? _________________.Governments around the world are pushing for an end to plastic(塑料) straws(吸管) and bags. More and more businesses are switching to paper products as an alternative(替代品). Paper is considered by many to be better than plastic. However, it, too, is harmful to the environment. Firstly, paper bags and straws are made from trees. Trees, as you know, can reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the atmosphere. They can slow down climate change. An increase in the use of paper bags can cause more deforestation.Secondly, the production of paper items needs more energy and water. About 10% more energy and four times as much water is used to produce a paperback than a plastic one. You might say that we can use recycled(可循环使用的) paper to save the energy and water. This seems to be a good idea. However, it takes even more energy and water to go through the recycling process than to make a brand new paper bag. Products made from recycled paper are also often short-lived.Furthermore, paper products are heavier than plastic ones. That means they require more fuel to transport. Seven trucks are needed to transport 2 million paper bags, while only one truck is needed to transport the same number of plastic bags. The increased weight also leads to a large amount of waste once the bags are thrown away. Paper products are actually a lose-lose for both the environment and businesses. They are more expensive than plastic products. A paper straw costs about 5 to 12 cents, while a plastic one usually costs only about 2 cents.The most environment-friendly solution is to avoid(避免) single-use items altogether. Products like glass water bottles and steel straws can be used over and over again. They are much better than either paper products or plastic products. Through increasing the use of these items, you can greatly reduce your throw away waste and truly make our earth a greener place.26．According to the article, we may fill in blanks in the title with “________”.A．Both B．Either C．Neither D．Any27．The underlined word “deforestation” (in Para 2) probably means the act of ________.A．planting trees B．climbing trees C．protecting trees D．cutting down trees28．Compared(和……相比较)  with transporting 2 million plastic bags, transporting 2 million paper bags requires ________.A．fewer trucks B．six more trucksC．twice as many trucks D．the same number of trucks29．By writing this article, the author mainly wanted to ________.①compare plastic products with paper ones②correct people’s wrong ideas about paper products③suggest people use reusable products like steel straws④listed advantages and disadvantages of using paper productsA．①② B．③④ C．②③ D．①④BDo you know anyone who plays Ant Forest? It is a game on Alipay. Users collect energy for their tree to grow. When their tree finishes growing, Alipay will plant a real tree in the desert areas of China.This is part of China’s efforts to fight desertification. China has planted more than 66 billion trees across its dry northern areas, according to China Daily.Desertification means useful land, especially farmland, changes into desert. About 2.6 million square kilometers of China’s land is covered with sand. That’s about 27 percent(百分之……) of the country’s land. It can also cause sandstorms.By planting more trees, China cuts its sandstorms by 20 percent. About 100 square kilometers of land becomes oases(绿洲).Ian, a British photographer, traveled through northern China last year. He said China changed a lot. And he could see many new oases there.“It is hard to believe that there used to be desert,” he told Wired magazine.30．What is Ant Forest?A．A group of ants. B．A big forest. C．A game. D．A match.31．What does the underlined word “desertification” mean in Chinese?A．荒漠化 B．赤贫 C．暴风雪 D．绿化32．Which of the following is NOT true?A．There are less oases in China now.B．Land covered with sand can cause sandstorms.C．Some of China’s land is still covered with sand.D．Chinese have planted a lot of trees to stop desertification.33．Where does Ian come from?A． B． C． D．34．What’s the best title for the text?A．How to Play Ant Forest B．China’s Effort to Fight DesertificationC．How to Stop Desertification D．A British PhotographerCTravel in the FutureThese days, if you want to travel from New York to Beijing, the flight takes about 16 hours. You also have to wait at the airport, and sometimes you have to transfer（换乘）onto a different airplane. If you add all of that extra time, the trip takes at least 20 hours. But in the future, the trip from New York to Beijing might only take two hours.Right now, a company is developing something called ET3, which stands for “evacuated tube（真空管）transport technology（技术）”. Here’s how it works. A tube goes all the way from New York to Beijing. The tube is only a few meters wide. Capsules（舱）move through the tube. Six people can sit in one capsule. The capsules use electricity instead of oil. For international travel, the capsules can travel at about 6, 500 kilometers per hour. That’s much faster than airplanes—most modern airplanes usually only fly at about 800 kilometers per hour.So how is this possible? How can these capsules travel so fast? The answer is that there is no air inside the tube. When airplanes fly, they have to move through air. The air slows the airplanes down. Because there isn’t any air in the ET3 tubes, the capsules are able to move at a very high speed. Also, the capsules are quite light. Each only weighs 183 kilograms.There are other advantages to ET3. Because it uses electricity, it’s quite clean. Also, it’s a lot quieter than airplanes and cars. Finally, ET3 tubes and capsules don’t require very much building materials.Of course, ET3 doesn’t come into use yet. The technology is still being developed. Developers still have to solve a lot of problems. The biggest problem is that right now ET3 would be far too expensive. In order to make ET3 cheaper, we will need much better technology.It’s exciting to think of how ET3 will change the travel in the future. Who knows? Maybe someday you’ll be able to have lunch in New York and dinner in Beijing.35．According to the passage, an ET3 looks more like a _________.A．ship B．bus C．plane D．subway train36．ET3 travels at the very high speed because _________.A．it is powered by electricity and oilB．it is much lighter than an airplaneC．it moves through a tube without airD．it is made up of fewer capsules37．From the passage, the writer expects that ________.A．modern technology will be used in airplanesB．ET3 will take the place of any other way of transportationC．more money will be spent on the technology of ET3D．ET3 will change the travel in the future greatlyDThousands of years ago, Britain was covered by thick forests, home to many animals which no longer live in the United Kingdom. There were wolves, bears, many different kinds of deer and large wild cows. There were less than four million people. They lived in small villages protected by wooden walls from the animals outside.All this has changed, of course. Now the population of the United Kingdom has increased to over sixty-five million. Three quarters of Britain is covered with fields, towns or cities. Although 25 percent of land is countryside, new methods (方法) of farming mean that there are fewer birds and small animals living in fields than ever before. The United Kingdom is one of the few countries in the world that does not have a large wild animal that eats meat. In Scotland there are only 400 wildcats, but these are much smaller than wolves.Some people would like to change things, however! Some organizations (组织) and writers say that Britain needs to become more natural again. They suggest that trees and plants that grew in the UK before towns and cities were built should be allowed to grow again. They even say that large wild animals which have not lived in the UK should be helped to return and live wild. They call this “rewilding”.Not everyone agrees. In the last twenty years, over one million trees which at first grew in Scotland have been planted and there are plans for more—but wild animals? Some people ask if wolves will attack sheep or even humans. They are also angry that rewilding might mean an end to walking in the hills which so many people enjoy. So far there are no wolves or bears in Britain’s forests—but soon there might be!38．What was the population of the UK thousands of years ago?A．About 25 million. B．Over 65 million.C．More than 61 million. D．Not more than four million.39．Why are there fewer birds and small animals in fields in the UK?A．Because more trees have been planted.B．Because there are more large wild animals.C．Because pollution is much worse than before.D．Because people use new methods of farming.40．Which paragraph gives opinions from “rewilding” supporters?A．Paragraph 1. B．Paragraph 2. C．Paragraph 3. D．Paragraph 4.41．What are some people against?A．Living closer to nature. B．Planting more and more trees.C．Helping large wild animals return. D．Building more villages and towns.第Ⅱ卷 非选择题四、阅读还原6选5根据短文内容，从短文后的A—F选项中，选出适当的选项补全短文。（有一项多余）When young people want to travel, one difficult thing they face is that they don’t have money. During summer vacations and weekends, they are able to take on part-time jobs. ___42___ For example, traveling to Australia from Taiwan can be quite expensive just for a plane ticket. ___43___ Because although many countries offer（提供）working holiday, these two countries can offer more money and jobs. A young person only needs to take some extra cash（现金）for use if he wants to get a working holiday. ___44___ That money can help him live there.Many of the jobs ask for little or no experience（经验）, such as picking fruit or working on a busy farm in the countryside. Some of the jobs ask for more experience. ___45___ You don’t need to worry about this, because there is always something to do if you really want.___46___ If you are looking for a way to make a little money and see the world, they might give you a way to make it come true.A．Most people cannot have it, such as being a teacher working in a school.B．There are many ads on the Internet for a working holiday.C．But the money they make is just not enough.D．After he is there, he can get some money from the job there.E．Many students tried this way and became rich there.F．If students want to travel to Australia and New Zealand, they are lucky.五、语法填空阅读下面短文，根据短文大意和提示词在每个空格上填上形式正确、意思相符的单词，单词不超过三个，注意大小写。My sister went on a school trip to a large outdoor swimming pool last week. Early ____47____ the morning, all the children got on a bus with their teacher. It was a very ____48____ (small) bus, so it was ____49____ (uncomfortable) trip of all their trips. ____50____ two hours, they reached their destination (目的地). It was ____51____ (hot) day of the year. When they saw the pool, the children couldn’t believe their ____52____ (eye). It was ____53____ (big) swimming pool they had ever seen. There was even a big water slide (水滑道)! My sister said it was much ____54____ (enjoyable) than the roller coaster (过山车). Everyone had a good time. When their teacher asked if they had enjoyed the trip, they all agreed that it was much ____55____ (good) than having lessons ____56____ school.六、用所给单词的正确形式填空57．The pen I bought yesterday ________ (not write) well.58．Lucy got ______ (marry) to a man from her hometown.59．The old man was found  __________  (die) in a wooden house.60．Simon lives in a big family. He doesn’t know all his ___________ (relative) names.61．I’m going to visit the places of ________(interesting )there, such as the Great Wall. the Summer Palace and the Palace Museum.62．What’s his ________ (fly) number to Hong Kong?63．I'm afraid you _________ (lose) the key, haven’t you?64．How did you know that light _________ (travel) faster than sound?65．It’s useless to save him because he’s already a ________ (die) man.66．David is a ________ (fantasy) singer who is ________ (talent) in singing than Sam.七、完成句子67．他一路上都在睡觉。He was ________________________________________________________.68．因为执导了电影《你好，李焕英》，贾玲作为一名女导演一夜成名了。Jia Ling rose to fame overnight as a female director for ________________________ called Hi, Mom.69．这份水果沙拉看着和尝起来一样美味。The fruit salad looks ________ ________ ________ it tastes.70．我不能忍受观看如此毫无意义的电影。I can’t stand ________ ________ ________ ________ movie.71．——我从未去过水上公园。——我也没去过。—I've ________ ________ ________ a water park.—______ ______.72．他总是白天昏昏欲睡晚上睡不着。He always ________ ________ in the daytime and can’t ________ ________ at night.八、电子邮件73．假如你是李明，今年暑假你和好友Larry游览了武汉，请你给Amy写一篇e-mail谈论你们的武汉之旅，次数60~80。文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。内容要点如下：1. Larry与我不同，比我更风趣，更外向。2. 我们早餐时尝试了一种很特别的食物一一热干面，它们很美味。3. 我们骑自行车去武汉大学。然后我们看了一场脱口秀。Lary很喜欢，认为可以从中学到很多。4. 晚上我们回到酒店，这家酒店离火车站很近，有最舒服的床。参考词汇：hotel (酒店) ，hot-dry noodles (热干面) ，university (大学) Dear Amy, How was your summer vacation? My friend Larry and I went on a trip in Wuhan this summer. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Li Min