Unit 4（基础卷）——2022-2023学年八年级下册英语单元卷（牛津译林版）（原卷版+解析版）

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班级________ 姓名________ 学号_________ 分数________ Unit 5B卷·同步提高（时间：100分钟，满分：100分）第Ⅰ卷 选择题 一、单项选择1．The train travelled          fast for us to see much outside the window.A．quite B．very C．too D．so2．We should find a _____ place for a picnic. I mean, it is not far away from here and it is very quiet.A．beautiful B．publicC．warm D．proper3．You should respect (尊重) others. ________ you should respect your parents and teachers.A．For the first time B．All the time C．Above all D．At a time4．This exercise is _________ difficult _________.A．so; that few of us can do B．so; that many of us can doC．too; for any one of us to do D．too; for any one of us to do it5．—Tom, as well as his parents, ________ to the USA, right?—Yes. They won’t be back until next week.A．has been B．have been C．has gone D．have gone6．---Let’s do more exercise for the coming maths competition.----Good idea. As an old saying goes, ________.A．many hands make light work B．the early bird catches the wormC．practice makes perfect D．it’s never too old to learn7．I couldn’t walk very fast because a lot of people were ________.A．in my way B．in this way C．in some way D．on my way8．—How did you find the trip to the West Lake?—________.A．The guide took us thereB．First by train and then by busC．Very fantastic indeedD．It was not far from our hotel9．Tom’s mother is too busy _________ housework _________ him with his homework.A．doing; to help B．to do; to help C．doing; helping D．to do; helping10．—You’d better not ________. You should show good ________. —OK. I will queue for my turn.A．get on; manner B．carry on; mannerC．push in; manners D．hand in; manners 二、完形填空My cousin Eric was three years older than me. He was big and strong and he always wanted to bully(欺负) ____11____.Near my town, there was a beautiful ____12____ where kids nearby often swam in summer. Over it was a bridge. When we were in the river, Eric always tried to ____13____ me and hold me under. I would dive(潜水) down before he could reach me.When I came up to the surface miles away, he was still there, ____14____ me. Other kids would shout, “Hey, he’s a fish!” Eric said, “he’s a shrimp(虾)!” I replied, “Better than a ____15____ whale!”One day, we were about to leave after swimming ____16____ a car unexpectedly rushed out of the bridge and fell onto the water. Eyes widely open, all of us were too surprised to say a word. Then someone cried,“Oh, no! The driver...”Eric shouted to the other kids, “Go and get ____17____,” Then he turned to me, “Jack, you are the underwater swimmer ! Let’s try to pull the ____18____ out.” With these words, he jumped into the water. I couldn’t ____19____ that it was Eric, a bully in my eyes. I took a breath and followed him.The car lay on one side. We tried to open he door, but ____20____.  Eric lifted a rock and broke the windscreen. ____21____ the broken windscreen, I got into the car and opened the door.Eric caught hold of the driver and tried his best to pull him out ____22____and swam towards the surface.I tried to follow, ____23____ the water was turning black in front of me. I was falling. I thought I was going to ____24____. Just at that moment, a strong arm reached down and held me. Back to the river bank, Eric looked at me, he joked.I was to answer back, but from my mouth came “Not bad for a ____25____ whale.” It was then that I realized Erie was not “a fat whale” at all.11．A．me B．us C．him D．them12．A．farm B．river C．bridge D．beach13．A．call B．save C．teach D．catch14．A．caring about B．laughing at C．looking for D．worrying about15．A．fat B．small C．quiet D．serious16．A．where B．what C．why D．when17．A．help B．advice C．business D．information18．A．door B．car C．driver D．swimmer19．A．forget B．believe C．explain D．understand20．A．left B．failed C．passed D．missed21．A．Inside B．Across C．Behind D．Through22．A．politely B．secretly C．heavily D．successfully23．A．or B．so C．but D．because24．A．win B．lose C．die D．live25．A．brave B．polite C．creative D．friendly  三、阅读单选Good manners mean politeness. Politeness can be seen in our daily lives, such as in one’s way of dressing, speaking and standing. Everyone should pay enough attention to his manners all the time. A man with good manners is welcome everywhere and can make friends easily. On the other hand, a man with bad manners is thought to be rude and nobody wants to be friends with him. He would feel lonely and unhappy. If you want to be a person with good manners, you should learn to use one useful expressions, such as “please”, “thank you”, “excuse me” and “sorry” on different occasions. Also, where help is needed, you should be happy to lend a hand. Like customs（风俗）, good manners may be different from country to country. Good manners in one country may not be good in another. In order to behave like a person with good manners in different places, it is necessary for one to learn about cultures of other countries.26．A person’s good manners can be seen from the following EXCEPT ________.A．dressing B．speaking C．standing D．sleeping27．A man with bad manners is thought to ________.A．be welcome here and there B．make friends easilyC．be rude D．enjoy himself all the time28．What does the underlined word “occasions” mean?A．机会 B．次数 C．场合 D．地点29．What can we learn from the passage?A．Good manners can make us lonely and unhappy.B．People with good manners say “sorry” all the time.C．People with good manners are happy to help others.D．Good manners are the same all over the world.30．What is the main idea of this passage?A．How to be careful in our daily lives. B．How to make friends easily.C．How to say useful expressions. D．How to be a person with good manners. Table manners are how to behave when you eat a meal. They include how to handle knives, forks and spoons and how to eat in a polite manner. To behave well abroad, you should know some table manners. EATING MANNERSJapan: It is “perfectly” okay to slurp（发出啧啧的声音）when you eat noodles. Unlike making big noises, slurping slightly is not rude. Japanese also say it tastes better if you slurp. Russia: Your wrists（手腕）should be placed on the edge of the table while eating, fork in the left hand, and knife in the right. It is not good manners to rest them on your lap. Keep your elbows off the table. Leave some food on your plate to show that the host has given you enough to eat. France: Never discuss money or religion over dinner. What is different from the manners in Russia is that finishing everything on your plate is considered good manners. Mexico: Whenever you catch the eye of someone who’s eating, even a stranger, it’s good manners to say “prove Cho”. It means enjoy. In Mexico, dining is more than a meal. It’s a social occasion-lunches are seldom quick and suppers can last for hours. Where you sit is very important in the country. Before you get seated, look for place cards, or wait until the host seats you. And you must say “enjoy your meal” before you leave the table. DRINKING MANNERS America: If you empty a bottle into someone’s glass, it obliges（迫使）that person to buy the next bottle. It’s polite to put the last drops into your own glass. Australia: In a pub （酒吧）, it’s usual to buy a round of drinks for everyone in your group. When it’s your turn, say “It’s my round.” When it’s their round, they will buy it for you. Don’t leave before you’ve bought a round. Japan: Don’t fill your own glass with alcohol. Instead, you should pour for others and wait for them to do it for you.31．When you are at table in Mexico, you should ________.A．keep silent if you catch the eye of a strangerB．eat as quickly as you can to save your timeC．wish others happy with eating before leaving the tableD．seat yourself anywhere before the host tells you to32．According to the passage, it is good manners toA．keep quiet when eating noodles in Japan B．leave some food on your plate in FranceC．put the fork in the right hand in Russia D．take turns to treat each other in Australia33．What does the underlined word “empty” mean in Chinese?A．倒空 B．斟满 C．喝光 D．用尽34．Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?A．Eating manners B．Drinking manners C．Table manners D．Country manners35．The writer tells us the table manners in many countries in order to ________.A．attract us to these countries to enjoy foreign foodB．help us behave in a polite manner in different countriesC．teach us how to handle knives, forks and spoonsD．make us able to express thanks to different hosts aOn March 15, a video showed workers wearing no shoes stepped on the pickled cabbage. Others were smoking and one even threw a cigarette butt (烟头) directly into the cabbage. The video left people worried about eating instant noodles made with pickled cabbage. So very quickly, JD．com, Taobao and Hema took away the pickled cabbage noodles.bThink about this — you are running to catch a train, only to find that you forgot your ID card! Don’t worry. In the near future, people will just need a digital (数字的) ID on their smartphones.On March 11, Premier Li Keqiang said that this is to better meet the basic living needs of those who live away from their home provinces. That means it will be easier to show “I am who I am” by a simple scan (扫描) with the smartphone.cDo you usually feel sleepy and tired recently? If so, you may have a “spring fever” (春困). But don’t worry, this is very normal under warmer temperatures. However, not getting enough sleep, drinking too much and other bad habits may also be the reasons. To keep you away from “spring fever”, you could eat more fruit and vegetables, drink enough water and exercise more.dA train from Britain hosted yoga classes during journeys. Why? A study found that more than half of public transport users find travel stressful following the COVID-19. The class has been developed so travelers of all ages and abilities can do the exercises safely from their seats to relax themselves and it’s believed to be the first time a yoga class has taken place on a moving train. 36．In which part of a newspaper can we find the four passages above?A．Culture. B．Lifestyle. C．Travel.37．Which of the following question is answered in the passages?A．What is the advantage of a digital ID card?B．How many passengers have taken the yoga classes on the train?C．What will happen if you eat instant noodles made with pickled cabbage?38．Tom, a 14-year-old boy, always feels sleepy and tired in the daytime recently. What might he do to solve this problem?A．Stay up late to study in order to sleep in the daytime.B．Take a train to travel around the world.C．Develop a healthier eating habit.39．Which of the following statements are opinions?①JD．com, Taobao and Hema took away the pickled cabbage noodles very quickly.② People think that digital ID cards bring us much convenience in the daily life.③ The change of temperature makes people feel sleepy in springtime.④The idea of having yogn classes on a moving train is very creative.A．②③ B．②④ C．①④40．The common topic of the four passages is ________.A．Safety comes first. B．Together for a better life. C．What a fast-developing world! When I was a child, things were not good for animals. People liked visiting zoos, but I didn’t; some people might find the dolphins’ tea parties funny or the bird shows enjoyable but I didn’t. It seemed that the animals were in a circus (马戏团).I was upset when circus people played games on animals—men making fun of lions, girls walking on elephants, monkeys playing football and so on. I believe those things were just cold and cruel (残忍的).Luckily, as time went by, laws were starting to play their roles in animal care and people began to stand on the animals’ side. Circuses could not use wild (野生) animals for making money any more and zoos couldn’t, either.When my children were young, I sometimes took them to our local zoo. The elephants were in small cages and the monkeys looked bored as they sat peeling bananas. As a result, animal lovers are often against zoos. They say animals should get back to nature. However, zoo animals have a longer life. They are just not free. Yes, they are not free to be killed, not free to die of hunger or thirst. Maybe sitting in a cage eating bananas isn’t so bad.There are even bigger changes. Many kinds of animal-care groups keep joining in and giving help. Our thanks should go to BIAZA, an organization for saving wildlife across the world. BIAZA tells zoos what to do in special situations like the time of COVID-19; it keeps an eye on how animals live both in and out of the zoos; it studies animals and helps other animal-study programs, both in the UK and other countries; it gives animal-care talks to teach people about animals. Also, it organizes animal exchange (交换) programs between zoos to help people around the world see different animals.Today, most zoo animals are born and grow up in large comfortable places. Kind and experienced zoo workers look after them. Sometime in the future these animals may get back to nature and really share this planet with humans. We should never stop caring about them and always remember that humans aren’t the owner of this planet.41．From Paragraph 2, we can see that the writer believes circus animals ________.A．were talented in games B．lived a terrible lifeC．were cold and cruel D．liked working with people42．According to the passage, BIAZA probably CANNOT ________.A．share ideas about taking care of birds in forestsB．find out why an animal disappears from the worldC．close zoos because animals die when there’s COVID-19D．borrow a panda from China and bring it to London Zoo43．If we put the passage into three parts, which of the following is the best?(Para. 1=①; Para. 2=②; ... Para. 6=⑥)A．①②; ③④; ⑤⑥ B．①②; ③④⑤; ⑥ C．①; ②③④⑤; ⑥ D．①; ②③④; ⑤⑥44．According to the passage, the writer would agree that ________.A．zoo animals should go back to nature at onceB．humans are not good at taking care of animalsC．fewer people want to visit zoos now than in the pastD．zoos now have better living environment for animals  四、阅读填表阅读下面短文，根据其内容，完成表格中所缺的信息。Water overflows(溢出) onto dry land and a flood happens. Floods have always been a part of life on earth. Almost every culture has a tale about a great flood. Since old times, people have built the cities along rivers because they use the water for drinking and for farming. For that reason, river floods affect(影响) many people. In some places people have built dams(堤坝) to protect lands from river flooding.Floods can be dangerous. However, floods are not always bad. When muddy floodwaters go down, they sometimes leave a layer(层) of wet earth. People in ancient Egypt depended on the flooding of the Nile River every year to help them grow their crops, like rice and corn.Most often flooding is caused by heavy rains over a long time. After a lot of rain, the ground becomes full of water, and new rainwater runs off, or flows downhill. That runoff goes directly in streams and rivers. In springtime, the rain may be mixed with melting(融化的) snow. Because of the extra(多余的) water flowing into the streams and rivers, their water level(水位线) rises. If the level rises so much that the water overflows the banks, a flood happens.Flooding can be worse if there is not much vegetation (trees, grass, and other plants) on the land around rivers. In general, land that has little vegetation is less able to absorb(吸收) water. The result is a larger amount of water entering a river system.Flash floods are the deadliest kind of flood. They are caused by sudden heavy rainfall or a broken dam. They happen very quickly and can catch people before they have a chance to get away. Flash floods often happen in hilly country or around dry riverbeds. In a flash flood, a completely dry riverbed can fill in minutes.About floodsHow floods happen Floods happen ___45___ water overflows. A long time of heavy rains makes rainwater runoff enter streams and rivers, and their serious water level rises bring water overflows.The ___46___ of floodsThe flooding ___47___ people    3    a layer of wet earth to help them plant crops.Why floods can be worseLand with few trees and grass ___48___ the ability to absorb water.The most terrible kind—flash floods Place: hilly countries and dry riverbeds.___49___: sudden heavy rainfall or a broken dam.Results: deaths and the quick filling of the riverbed.    五、多任务混合阅读Henry was an office worker in a big city. ①He worked very hard and enjoyed traveling in his holidays. He usually went to the seaside, but one year he saw an advertisement in a newspaper. “Enjoy country life. Spend a few weeks at West Hill Farm. Good food. Fresh air. Horse riding. Walking. Fishing. Cheap and interesting.”“This sounds like a good idea,” he thought. “I’ll spend a month at West Hill Farm. I think I can enjoy horse riding, walking and fishing. ②They’ll make a change from sitting by the seaside and swimming.” He wrote to the farmer. In the letter he said that he would like to spend all of July there. Then on the first day of July, he left for West Hill Farm.But on the fourth day of July, he returned home.“What was wrong with West Hill Farm?” his best friend, Edward, asked him. “Didn’t you enjoy country life?”“Country life was very good,” Henry said. “But there was another problem.”“Oh. What?”“Well,” he said, “the first day I was there a sheep died, and we had roast mutton for dinner.”“What’s wrong with that?” Edward asked. “Fresh meat is the best.”“I know, but on the second day a cow died, and we had roast beef for dinner.”“Lucky you!”“You don’t understand,” Henry said. “On the third day a pig died and we had roast pork for dinner.”“A different meat every day,” Edward said loudly, “and you are complaining!”“Let me finish,” Henry said. “On the fourth day the farmer died, and I didn’t dare (敢) stay for dinner!”根据短文内容完成下列各题。50．How did Henry find out about the farm?______________________________________________________________51．When did Henry come back home?______________________________________________________________52．将①处划线句子翻译成汉语。______________________________________________________________53．将②处划线句子翻译成汉语。______________________________________________________________54．请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。______________________________________________________________  六、语法填空Squash (墙网球) has always been my favorite sport. It’s a bit of a strange sport, always hitting a ball against a wall, ___55___ it’s lots of fun. Anyone can ___56___ (learn) to play squash. My dad ___57___ (teach) me to play when I was 14. Since then I ___58___ always         (find) friends to play with.Last year, I ___59___ (move) to Germany. It was a very scary experience, because I wasn’t sure if I was going to make friends easily. As soon as I found a squash club in Dusseldorf, everything seemed a bit easier. There was a group of people who shared my interest and wanted ___60___ ( play) squash with me! I started by ___61___ (play) in a tournament (锦标赛). I met lots of new people. After many hard games, I ended up coming second in my group !Squash will always be a hobby for me, but for some people it is a lot more. Professional squash players come ___62___ all over the world. Squash ___63___ (become) more and more popular around the world, but squash hasn’t been included in the Olympics.It is a pity that squash ____64____ (not, get) a place in the Olympics yet. However it won’t stop people like me from picking up a racket and joining a club. I will always love it, whether it becomes an Olympic sport or not!  七、用所给单词的正确形式填空65．Peter was too slow ________ (write) down all the main points.66．People shouldn’t take ________ (photo) in the museum.67．In Western countries you should avoid ________ (ask) some questions, such as “How old are you?” or “Have you got married?”68．If you want to be a ________ (success) writer, you should read and write more.69．You should warn your group members ________ (not do) it. 八、完成句子70．记得不要随处丢垃圾。（汉译英）Remember ________________________________.71．人人都必须遵守交通规则。（汉译英）Everyone ________________________________.72．英国人不喜欢在公开场合大笑或喧哗。（汉译英）British people don’t like ________________________________.73．在回家的路上，我意外地碰到了一位老朋友。On my way home, I met ________________________________. 九、根据汉语提示填空74．I can’t ________ (表达) how thankful to you.75．That sign says, “No ________ (停车)”.76．It’s hard for us to start a _______________ (谈话) when we meet some people for the first time.77．Why did he ______________ (冒险做) losing all his money to save this company?78．The ________ (目的) of the talk is to help us learn English well. 十、英汉互译：单词/短语79．排队等候是一种很好的礼仪。（汉译英）It’s good manners ________________________________. 十一、材料作文80．假定上周六晚上，你们全家在一家饭店就餐。请你根据以下要点提示，用英语写一篇短文，描述事情发生的经过，并适当加以评论。要点提示：1. 邻桌年轻人大声说笑、吸烟；2. 你请他们不要那样做；3. 他们不听，反而嘲笑你。4. 你认为：①他们在公共场所那样做是不对的。②年轻人是泰州的未来，应该……（至少两点）参考词汇：公共道德 public morality要求：1. 要点齐全，可适当增加细节使句子通顺、连贯。2. 词数：80~100。短文开头已给出，不计入总词数Last Saturday evening, all my family had dinner in a restaurant,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________