2022-2023年山东省高三下学期高考英语核心卷（含解析）

山东省2022-2023学年高三下学期高考考向核心卷

英语

注意事项：

1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡的指定位置。

2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟。

第一部分  阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

Three Exercises to Make Breathing Easier

If you lack lung power and feel a little exhausted even after a short jogging, the following exercises can be of great help.

Use Your Diaphragm(横膈膜)

Your diaphragm is the muscle that controls breathing, and because it is located right above your stomach, you can strengthen them together. Lie on your back with your knees bent, keeping one hand on your stomach and the other on your chest. Breathe in deeply, slowly pulling the air into your lungs. Breathe out through your mouth. Try to wait seven seconds before taking in air again.

Imagine You Are Rowing a Boat

This exercise strengthens the upper back muscles and opens your chest cavity(腔) allowing for full lung ability. Sit on the floor with your legs in front of you and knees slightly bent. Put a resistance band around the bottoms of your feet and hold it in front of you in an X shape. Holding an end in each hand, spread your arms, then pull backward until your hands meet your chest. Repeat at least six times three days a week.

Walk for 20 Minutes

Walking doesn't just get your heart pumping or work your leg muscles—it also builds up the area around your lungs to help them function better. To get the most out of your walk, stand straight, with your head up and your shoulders back, and keep a heel-to-toe pace, allowing your lungs to fully expand. Combine walking with deep breathing to increase your air intake. Work up to walking three or four days a week.

No matter which exercise you pick up, keep this in mind: Chances are that it will take you several months to see the outcome. So keep it up!

1.What should you obey if you are strengthening your diaphragm?

A.You should lie on your stomach with your knees bent.

B.You should hold your breath before breathing in again.

C.You should do it seven times a week to get a best result.

D.You should do it by breathing in merely with your mouth.

2.How can you take in more air?

A.By keeping on rowing a boat regularly.

B.By opening your chest cavity more often.

C.By integrating walking with deep breathing.

D.By allowing your lungs to expand to the fullest.

3.What do the three exercises have in common?

A.They all need some extra assistance.

B.They all involve using your both feet.

C.They all require you to stand straight.

D.They all call for constantly practicing.

B

I started powerlifting when I was 65. I worked in real estate in Michigan for about 35 years, and when I retired I decided to lose a bit of weight. A friend's husband, Art Little, who is a personal trainer, invited me to his gym. He introduced me to powerlifting and he is still my trainer now.

The first time I went, he gave me a broomstick to lift. The next day I told myself I wouldn't return, but I heard a voice in my head telling me to go back. So, I ended up returning day after day. After a few weeks, my trainer encouraged me to go to a tournament to watch others compete. I was really amazed, but there was no one of my age. I asked my trainer if he thought I could do it, and he said, "Oh, sure. The first time I competed was at a state meet. I was amazed that I won, because the others had been doing it far longer. I just came in after two months' practice and defeated them all. After that, I knew powerlifting was for me.

My trainer had me going to the gym three times a week. I improved so quickly because I was consistent. If I was supposed to be there on Monday, I would be there, regardless of whether it was a holiday, or rainy or snowy day. I didn't miss a day—and that's how I'm up to the weight I'm lifting now, although the gains happened slowly. Each year, I was getting better.

I'm 79 now and I tell people of my age that they can do this, too; they just have to be consistent and start with something small.

4.Why did the author go back to the gym?

A.She felt ashamed of her behavior.

B.The trainer persuaded her to go back.

C.The broomstick was easy for her to lift.

D.The inner power from her heart made her to go on.

5.What was beyond the author's expectations?

A.She could go to the gym and practice.

B.She had a win in the competition.

C.She gained confidence from the trainer.

D.She was the oldest one in the competition.

6.Which of the following words could describe the author?

A.Diligent and curious. B.Determined and smart.

C.Hard-working and humorous. D.Persistent and devoted.

7.What does the passage mainly talk about?

A.No pains, no gains. B.Better late than never.

C.A little labor, much health.           D.Do things consistently.

C

Have you ever looked at a seal and thought "Is that the same seal I saw yesterday?" Well, there could soon be an app for that. Taking inspiration from other technology adapted for recognizing primates (灵长目动物) and bears, Krista Ingram, a biologist at Colgate University, developed SealNet, the software that uses deep learning and a convolutional neural network (卷积神经网络) to tell one seal face from another.

The team had to train their software to identify seal faces. "I give it a photograph, it finds the face, and clips it to a standard size," says Ingram.

They tested the software using 406 different seals and found that SealNet could correctly identify the seals' faces 85 percent of the time. The team has since expanded its database to include around 1,500 seal faces. As the number of seals logged in the database goes up, so does the accuracy of the identification, Ingram says.

As with all tech, however, SealNet is not always infallible. The software saw seal faces in other body parts, vegetation, and even rocks. In one case, Ingram and her students did a double take at the uncanny(不可思议的) resemblance between a rock and a seal face.

Ingram points to site fidelity(忠诚) as an aspect of seal behavior that SealNet could shed more light on. The team's trials indicated that some harbor seals return to the same sites year after year. Increasing scientists' understanding of how seals move around could strengthen arguments for protecting specific areas, says Anders Galatius, an ecologist at Aarhus University in Denmark who was not involved in the project.

8. What is the main function of SealNet?

A. Distinguishing different seals. B. Recognizing primates and bears.

C. Taking pictures for various animals. D. Clipping photos to a standard size.

9. How can the accuracy of SealNet be improved?

A. By taking detailed pictures. B. By uploading more seal faces.

C. By upgrading the technology. D. By improving the skills of users.

10. What does the underlined word "infallible" mean in paragraph 4?

A. Unique. B. Scientific. C. Convenient. D. Reliable.

11. What is the significance of SealNet?

A. It can help find more seals. B. It can help better protect seals.

C. It can help locate a specific seal.    D. It can help learn about seals.

D

There are many fascinating aspects of ant life, but none may be a more practical lesson for us than their gift for avoiding traffic jams.

    A new research paper published in the journal eLife reveals how ants keep traffic flowing by changing their behavior to meet changing conditions. For their experiments, researchers from the University of Toulouse and the University of Arizona focused on Argentine ants that frequently move from one colony (聚居地) to another depending on the proximity of food sources.

    Exploring the Argentine ants' gift for fast commutes, the researchers built bridges connecting their colonies. The bridges varied in width from a fifth to three-quarters of an inch. The colonies, too, were of different sizes, ranging from 400 to more than 25, 000 ants. Essentially, researchers built a new infrastructure (基础设施) system for the ants, connecting their biggest cities to the smallest villages. Then they sat back and monitored the traffic.

    To their surprise, even when those narrower bridges reached near capacity, there were no 20-ant pile -ups. Indeed, there was never a hold-up. Traffic remained steady regardless of how overburdened the infrastructure was because ants were able to adjust to the change of road conditions. At some point, when the bridges got really busy, ants moved not so much as individuals but rather like water flowing in an ever widening stream.

    "When density on the trail increased, ants seemed to be able to assess crowding locally and adjusted their speed accordingly to avoid any interruption of traffic flow," the authors note in a news release. "Moreover, ants kept themselves from entering a crowded path and ensured that the capacity of the bridge was never exceeded." Argentine ants are extremely effective in getting to where they need to be in a hurry.

    The lesson for humans? The traffic problem may lie in our inability to adjust our driving habits for the good of the whole. "Traffic jams are everywhere in human society where individuals are pursuing their own personal objectives," the authors write. "In contrast, ants share a common goal; the survival of the colony, thus they are expected to act cooperatively to optimize (优化) food return."

12. How do the ants keep traffic flowing?

A. By adjusting to the road conditions. B. By monitoring the traffic flow.

C. By communicating with each other. D. By building their own paths.

13. What did ants do when the bridges got very crowded?

A. They scrambled to pass automatically.

B. They flowed in the stream constantly.

C. They changed their speed accordingly.

D. They moved on individually in a hurry.

14. What does the author expect humans to do in the last paragraph?

A. To raise traffic safety awareness.

B. To find solutions to present problems.

C. To give up individuals' ambitions.

D. To act for the good of the whole society.

15. What is the best title for the text?

A. Argentine Ants Move On the Roads

B. Explore Interesting Ants' Gifts

C. Watch Ants Cross the Roads

D. Ants Teach Us How to Avoid Traffic Jams

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

There are many other kinds of intelligence in addition to intellect(才智), and one important type is emotional intelligence, called EQ for short. Some people have naturally good EQ skills. ___16___ The good news is that EQ is a combination of several different skills and everyone can get better—if they know what to do.

Be aware of your emotions. People feel many different emotions throughout the day. Some feelings, like surprise, last just a few seconds. Others may stay longer, creating a mood like happiness or sadness. Noticing emotions helps you manage them. ___17___ Labeling them in your mind (for example, by saying to yourself "I feel grateful", "I'm upset" etc.) would be a useful way to do that.

Manage emotional reactions. People all get angry; everyone has disappointments. ___18___ But managing your reaction means knowing when, where, and how to express yourself. When you're able to manage emotions, you can use self-control to hold in your feelings if now is not the right time or place to express them. Someone who has good EQ knows it can damage relationships to react to emotions in a way that's disrespectful, too intense, or harmful.

___19___ People are naturally designed to try to perceive others. Part of EQ is about being able to imagine others' feelings in certain situations. It is also about understanding why they feel the way they do. Being able to imagine what emotions a person is likely to be feeling is an important ability. ___20___ You'll also know what to say and how to behave around someone who is feeling strong emotions with it.

A.It's definitely a thing worth learning.

B.Understand how others feel and why.

C.Often it's important to express how you feel.

D.Practice recognizing emotions as you feel them.

E.Meanwhile, many people need to work on them.

E.It helps you care about others and build good relationships

G.Some people might go through the entire day in a bad mood.

第二部分  语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

While running on the beach in San Diego, 11-year-old Kenan Pala noticed a sick seal(海豹) lying on the sand. Beachgoers   21   to help, getting it blankets and water and calling professional rescuers. On the way home after his   22  , Pala saw a sick homeless person who was crying for   23  , too. But people just walked by. "They treated him like an   24   person," remembers Pala.

The contrasting   25   struck the teenager deeply. He began   26   homelessness in the city and discovered it was severe. According to a US report, San Diego ranks fourth   27   homelessness rates. So he thought how he could make the public be   28   of this issue and its impacts.

The   29   was Kids4Community, a local nonprofit Pala founded in 2017. It develops charitable programs   30   meant to engage children in these activities. In over two years, Kids4Community has   31   the launch of a series of initiatives to help the homeless and raised over half a million dollars. While managing the nonprofit   32   Pala, he makes sure of setting aside time to keep running. It turns out he   33   them well. Last March, Kids4Community hosted a 5K running race to benefit a housing program, which raised 10,000.

As for his   34  , Pala is clear. "I'm working to run a 10K to raise additional funds and to   35   Kids4Community to help the homeless across the whole state and involve more kids in charity, says Pala.

21.A.reported  B.watched  C.gathered  D.succeeded

22.A.rescue  B.visit  C.arrival  D.workout

23.A.assistance  B.protection  C.comfort  D.forgiveness

24.A.unacceptable  B.unknown  C.insensitive  D.invisible

25.A.reasons  B.responses  C.troubles  D.explanations

26.A.researching  B.understanding  C.solving  D.experiencing

27.A.by comparison with  B.by means of

C.in terms of   D.in line with

28.A.careful  B.aware  C.free  D.sure

29.A.inspiration  B.challenge  C.opportunity  D.answer

30.A.simply  B.hopefully  C.specially  D.gradually

31.A.considered  B.followed  C.witnessed  D.prepared

32.A.motivates  B.occupies  C.affects  D.concerns

33.A.combines  B.spreads  C.remembers  D.uses

34.A.achievements  B.limits  C.responsibilities  D.goals

35.A.introduce     B.expand         C.represent        D.keep

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Museum exhibits are usually protected by glass cases or window. However, at the Six Arts Museum in Lili, an ancient town in Suzhou, visitors can physically touch the exhibits. The pieces, mostly Chinese antiques, ____36___ (make) of wood and stone, are not easily damaged while at the same time being ___37____ (relative) convenient to protect and repair.

    The "Six" in Six Arts refers to the six senses. Visitors are able to bury ___38____ (they) in the art and atmosphere here through their senses of vision, hearing, smell, taste and touch, and meanwhile, the museum also stimulates(刺激) visitors' ____39___ (six) sense of well-being, ____40___ (allow) them to fully appreciate and enjoy the beauty of the Chinese folk art ____41___ display.

    Dudek, founder of the Museum, has lived in China for 40 years, more years ____42___ he spent growing up in the U.S. He became interested in Chinese culture and ancient art pieces immediately upon his arrival in China. From that moment onwards, he began collecting a wide ___43____ (various) of folk arts and antiques dating back to the Ming and Qing Dynasties (1368-1912), ___44____ help awaken people's memories of times gone by.

The Six Arts Museum, housing more than 40, 000 pieces, officially ____45___ (open) its door to the public in mid-2018. Dudek hopes to host some special cultural exchange activities and make the Museum the best that it can possibly be.

第三部分  写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节  （满分15分）

假定你是李华，你校英文报正在举办题为"健康睡眠，高效学习"的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：

1.睡眠的重要性；

2.熬夜的危害；

3.你的建议。

注意：

1.词数80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Healthy Sleep, Effective Learning

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

第二节  （满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

    One of my teachers once asked my class what our favorite memory was. My teacher asked for the moment in which "you fell the best; you fell that you had the world in the palms of your hand." Some described amazing awards; other described winning a tournament. My answer, however, invited giggles and hesitant smiles. Why? Because I felt the best when I first learned how to ride my bike at thirteen. I didn't mind my classmates' stares and mockery, because I knew there was more to the story.

    My elder sister and I shared a typical sisterly relationship: we couldn't stand each other. I was an annoyance to her. Any sort of conversation we had usually ended up fighting. Gradually, I started to learn to be totally indifferent; perhaps the silent treatment would get more approval. I was wrong. We soon fell into a sad pattern. I avoided her, and she ignored me.  Deep inside, it hurt. So that was how it was between us. She was only a sister in name. I truly believed that we would forever be apart, two housemates without conversation, two strangers without warmth.

    I still remember the day I learned to ride a bike. I had received the bike that Christmas, which was great, until I realized that I had no idea how to ride it. My mom had long abandoned any attempt to teach me. I had proven to be a frustrating student. I took it upon myself to learn, a little bit each day. It was no different. I was coming to the end of my daily one-hour torture(折磨). I was so frustrated that I threw my bike aside and began to cry.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

    I guess that was what caused my sister to come outside.___________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

    "I made it," I exclaimed with delight. _________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

山东省2022-2023学年高三下学期高考考向核心卷

参考答案

第一部分  阅读理解

第一节

A

1.答案：B

解析：根据题干中的strengthening your diaphragm可定位至文章第一部分，根据此部分最后一句Try to wait seven seconds before taking in air again.可知，人们在完成一次吸气和呼气之后，尝试等待七秒，然后再次吸入空气。由此可知，你在锻炼横膈膜的时候，需要在再次吸气之前屏住呼吸。故选B。

2.答案：C

解析：根据Walk for 20 Minutes部分中的倒数第二句Combine walking with deep breathing to increase your air intake.可知，人们通过结合步行和深呼吸的方式可以增加自己的空气吸入量。故选C。

3.答案：D

解析：结合文章最后一段中的No matter which exercise you pick up, keep this in mind: Chances are that it will take you several months to see the outcome. So keep it up!可知，无论哪一种练习方式都需要长时间的不断练习才能看到效果。故选D。

B

4.答案：D

解析：根据文章第二段第二句中的but I heard a voice in my head telling me to go back可知，作者听见脑海中有声音呼唤自己回到健身房，所以作者选择回去继续训练，由此可知，作者回到健身房的原因是作者内心的力量呼唤她回去。故选D。

5.答案：B

解析：根据第二段中的I was amazed that I won...I just came in after two months' practice and defeated them all.可知，作者只练习了两个月就参加比赛，并打败了所有更有经验的选手，作者对此感到惊讶。由此可推知，在比赛中获得胜利是作者预料之外的事。故选B。

6.答案：D

解析：根据第三段中的I improved so quickly because I was consistent...I didn't miss a day...可知，作者始终如一地投入到举重练习中，由此可推知，作者是一位坚持不懈且做事全心全意的人。故选D。

7.答案：D

解析：根据文章最后一段可知，作者呼吁自己的同龄人也勇敢去尝试，只要始终如一，从小事开始，就会成功。由此可知，本文主要讲了做事要始终如一。故选D。

C

8.答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的Taking inspiration from other technology adapted for recognizing primates and bears, Krista Ingram, a biologist at Colgate University, developed SealNet, the software that uses deep learning and a convolutional neural network to tell one seal face from another.可知，科尔盖特大学的生物学家克里斯塔·英格拉姆利用其他适合识别灵长目动物和熊的技术，开发了SealNet，这是一款使用深度学习和卷积神经网络来区分海豹面部的软件。故选A。

9.答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的accuracy可定位至文章第三段的最后一句。根据As the number of seals logged in the database goes up, so does the accuracy of the identification, Ingram says.可知，随着数据库中上传的海豹数量增加，识别的准确性也会增加。故选B。

10.答案：D

解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后的The software saw seal faces in other body parts, vegetation, and even rocks.可知，该软件在身体的其他部位、植被、岩石上都识别到了海豹的脸。由此可知，这个软件识别海豹并不总是可靠的。由此可推测，画线词infallible与reliable"可靠的"意思相近。故选D。

11.答案：B

解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句Increasing scientists' understanding of how seals move around could strengthen arguments for protecting specific areas, says Anders Galatius, an ecologist at Aarhus University in Denmark who was not involved in the project.可知，丹麦奥胡斯大学的生态学家安德斯·加拉修斯说，SealNet增进科学家对海豹如何移动的理解，可以为加大保护特定区域提供依据，从而起到保护海豹的作用。故选B。

D

12.答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段A new research paper published in the journal eLife reveals how ants keep traffic flowing by changing their behavior to meet changing conditions.可知，蚂蚁是通过改变行为来适应不断变化的路面状况来保持交通流畅的。故选A。

13.答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据第五段When density on the trail increased, ants seemed to be able to assess crowding locally and adjusted their speed accordingly to avoid any interruption of traffic flow.可知，当路面变得拥挤时，蚂蚁通过调整速度来避免交通中断。故选C。

14.答案：D

解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段Traffic jams are everywhere in human society where individuals are pursuing their own personal objectives, the authors write. In contrast, ants share a common goal; the survival of the colony, thus they are expected to act cooperatively to optimize(优化) food return.可知，作者希望人类向蚂蚁学习，把人类社会整体利益作为一个共同的目标。故选D。

15.答案：D

解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一段There are many fascinating aspects of ant life, but none may be a more practical lesson for us than their gift for avoiding traffic jams以及最后一段Traffic jams are everywhere in human society where individuals are pursuing their own personal objectives," the authors write. "In contrast, ants share a common goal; the survival of the colony, thus they are expected to act cooperatively to optimize(优化) food return.可知，蚂蚁拥有避免交通堵塞的天赋值得人类学习和思索，蚂蚁有一个共同的目标：群体的生存。D. Ants Teach Us How to Avoid Traffic Jams.符合本文内容大意，适合本文标题。故选D。

第二节

答案：16-20 EDCBF

解析：16.上文提到有些人天生就掌握了好的情商技巧，下文说每个人都可以提高情商并介绍了具体方法。E项“与此同时，很多人需要努力提高情商”承接上文，符合语境。故选E。
17.结合本段首句和空前的"Noticing emotions helps you manage them"可知，空前主要介绍了意识到自己的情绪的重要性。D项"在你有情绪时练习辨别它们"承接上文，空后的"Labeling them in your mind"介绍了具体的做法，是对D项的进一步阐述。故选D。

18.根据下文的"But"可知，空处内容与下文构成转折，下文提高管理你的情绪反应意味着知道何时、何地以及如何表达情绪。C项“通常表达自己的感受是很重要的”符合语境。故选C。
19.空处考查段落主旨句。根据下文的"People are naturally designed to try to perceive others... what emotions a person is likely to be feeling"可知，本段主要讲述要理解他人的感受并知道他们为什么会有这样的感受。B项“理解他人的感受及产生这一感受的原因”能概括本段大意。故选B。
20.空前提到能够想象一个人可能有什么情绪是一项重要的能力，空后提到有了它你也将会知道在某个情绪激动的人身边应该怎么做及怎么说。F项“它有助于你关心他人并建立良好的关系”是对空前提到的这项能力的重要性的解释，It指代上文的"an important ability"。故选F。

第二部分  语言知识运用

第一节

21.答案：C

解析：根据下文的"getting it blankets and water and calling professional rescuers"可知，人们纷纷伸出援手，取来毯子、水，并叫来了专业的救援人员。此处表示海滩上的人聚集起来帮助生病的海豹。故选C。

22.答案：D

解析：文章首句提到"While running on the beach in San Diego, 11-year-old Kenan Pala noticed a sick seal(海豹)"。此处应指Kenan Pala在跑步锻炼完回家的路上。故选D。

23.答案：A

解析：结合"a sick seal(海豹) lying on the sand"和"a sick homeless person who was crying for"可知，Pala在路上遇见的那个无家可归者和海豹的处境相似。此处指一个生病的无家可归者也急需帮助。故选A。

24.答案：D

解析：根据上文的"But people just walked by"可知，人们路过却无动于衷。此处表示人们像是将那个无家可归者视为隐形的人一样。故选D。

25.答案：B

解析：在相似的情况下人们截然不同的反应震撼了Pala。response"反应，响应"。 故选B。

26.答案：A

解析：根据下文的"discovered it was severe...homelessness rates"可知，Pala对圣地亚哥的无家可归问题有了一些发现和认识。此处表示Pala开始调查研究圣地亚哥的无家可归问题。故选A。

27.答案：C

解析：美国的一项报告表明，圣地亚哥的无家可归率排第四。in terms of"谈及，就……而言，在……方面"。故选C。

28.答案：B

解析：结合上文提到的人们对无家可归者的无动于衷以及圣地亚哥无家可归问题的严重性可知，Pala开始思考如何提高人们对无家可归问题的认识。aware"知道，意识到，明白"。故选B。

29.答案：D

解析：上文提到Pala思考如何提高人们对无家可归问题的认识，再结合下文可知，Kids4Community是一家帮助无家可归者的非营利组织。此处表示解决办法是Kids4Community，对应上文的问题。故选D。

30.答案：C

解析：结合语境和最后一段的"involve more kids in charity"可知，Kids4Community会开展一些专门让孩子们加入的慈善项目。hopefully"有希望地，可以指望"。故选C。

31.答案：C

解析：在两年多的时间里，Kids4Community见证了一系列帮助无家可归者方案的实施。witness"见证"。故选C。

32.答案：B

解析：下文提到"he makes sure of setting aside time to keep running"，即Pala会抽出时间跑步，结合常识和下文可知，此处表示Pala忙于管理Kids4Community。 occupy"使忙于（做某事），忙着（做某事）"。故选B。

33.答案：A

解析：上文提到虽然Pala忙于管理Kids4Community，他仍然坚持抽出时间跑步；下文提到Kids4Community组织了一场5公里赛跑以帮助一个房屋建造项目，筹集了10000美元。此处表示Pala把两者兼顾得很好。combine"同时做（两件或以上的事），兼做，兼办"。故选A。

34.答案：D

解析：下文提到Pala正致力于举办一场10公里赛跑，并帮助整个州的无家可归者以及让更多孩子参与到慈善事业中来。此处表示Pala对自己的目标很明确。goal"目标"。故选D。

35.答案：B

解析：上文提到"homelessness in the city""Kids4Community, a local nonprofit"，表明Kids4Community是一个圣地亚哥这个城市的当地组织，结合下文的"help the homeless across the whole state and involve more kids in charity"可知，Pala想要扩大Kids4Community的规模来帮助整个州的无家可归者，并让更多孩子参与到慈善事业中来。expand"扩展，发展（业务）"。故选B。

第二节

答案：36.made 37.relatively 38.themselves 39.sixth 40. allowing 41.on 42.than 43.variety 44.which 45.opened

解析：36.考查非谓语动词。句意：这些展品，多为中国古董，由木质和石质制成，不易损坏，同时保护和修复也相对方便。本句的谓语动词为damage，故设空处为非谓语动词，make与逻辑主语The pieces之间为动宾关系，应用动词过去分词形式。故填made。

37.考查副词。句意：这些展品，多为中国古董，由木质和石质制成，不易损坏，同时保护和修复也相对方便。空处修饰形容词convenient，应用副词。relative 的副词为relatively。故填relatively。

38.考查反身代词。句意：参观者可以通过视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉、触觉等感官，沉浸于这里的艺术与氛围之中，同时博物馆也激发参观者的幸福感这个第六感，使他们能充分欣赏和享受展出的中国民间艺术之美。设空处在bury后作宾语，且指代主语Visitors，因此应用其反身代词themselves。动词短语bury oneself in为固定搭配，意为"专心致志于……沉浸……"。故填themselves。

39.考查序数词。句意：参观者可以通过视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉、触觉等感官，沉浸于这里的艺术与氛围之中，同时博物馆也激发参观者的幸福感这个第六感，使他们能充分欣赏和享受展出的中国民间艺术之美。第二段的第一句提到了"The 'Six' in Six Arts refers to the six senses."，前句"bury ______(they) in the art and atmosphere here through their senses of vision, hearing, smell, taste and touch"提到了五种感官，此处指第六种感官，应用序数词。six的序数词为sixth。故填sixth。

40.考查非谓语动词。句意：参观者可以通过视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉、触觉等感官，沉浸于这里的艺术与氛围之中，同时博物馆也激发参观者的幸福感这个第六感，使他们能充分欣赏和享受展出的中国民间艺术之美。本句谓语动词为stimulates，allow与逻辑主语the museum之间为主谓关系，应用动词allow的现在分词形式作状语。故填allowing。

41.考查介词。句意：参观者可以通过视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉、触觉等感官，沉浸于这里的艺术与氛围之中，同时博物馆也激发参观者的幸福感这个第六感，使他们能充分欣赏和享受展出的中国民间艺术之美。此处涉及介词短语on display，意为“展出”，固定搭配。故填on。

42.考查连词。句意：博物馆的创始人杜德克在中国生活了40年，比他在美国长大的时间还长。根据空前的more可知，空处表示比较意义，应用连词than。故填than。

43.考查名词。句意：从那时起，他开始收集明清时期(1368-1912)的各种民间艺术和古董，以唤起人们对过去的记忆。空处应用various的名词形式，various的名词形式为variety，此处考查a (wide) variety of，意为"多种多样的"。故填variety。

44.考查定语从句。句意：从那时起，他开始收集明清时期(1368-1912)的各种民间艺术和古董，以唤起人们对过去的记忆。此处考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为folk arts and antiques，先行词为物，在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which。故填which。

45.考查时态。句意：六悦博物馆拥有4万多件藏品，于2018年年中正式向公众开放。此处由时间状语in mid-2018可知，应用一般过去时态，open 意为"开放"，为不及物动词，应用主动形式。故填opened。

第三部分 写作

第一节

答案：

Healthy Sleep, Effective Learning

    As is often the case, a good sleep can fill us with energy for the coming day, allowing us to do our studies in an effective way. Meanwhile, staying up too late is bad for our health. If we sleep too late, we'll feel tired the next day and can't concentrate better.

    To have a good sleep habit, at first, we should keep a good sleep pattern and follow it strictly. Second, it's highly recommended that we go to sleep before 10 p.m. If we have had trouble falling asleep for a long time, we should consult a doctor.

第二节 

答案：

    I guess that was what caused my sister to come outside. At first, I was skeptical and tense, as I assumed that she would begin to tease me or at least burst out laughing. However, she did neither. I hunched my shoulders forward and turned my face away, tears trickling down my cheeks. She gently picked my bike up, uttering in a reassuring tone, "I can teach you how to ride." Dumbstruck, I raised my head and stared at her in stunned silence. Next hours saw my sister steadily hold my bike when my feel faltered. She never once let me fall, patiently teaching me how to ride a bike.

"I made it," I exclaimed with delight. A ripple of happiness bubbled up in my heart. I turned around, beaming a warm smile at my sister. She gave me an approving nod, eyes gleaming with amusement. That was the day I had a taste of what real sisterly intimacy could be like. For three hours, three wonderful, blissful hours, we learned to ride a bike, which was the perfect harmony I had longed for. We still occasionally have our random spats and bitter rivalries, but since that day, it has been easier to get along because I know my sister will be there for me when I need her.