高中英语高考2020高考英语一轮复习Unit4Globalwarming练习含解析新人教版选修

Unit 4　Global warming

Ⅰ.阅读理解

Soon enough,we will lose some of the most amazing sites on Earth!

The Great Barrier Reef—Rising air temperatures will cause sea temperatures to rise as well.All life supported by the oceans will be affected with this shock to their ecosystem.Corals are some of the most vulnerable (易受伤害的) marine animals and we are already watching whole reefs disappear.The Great Barrier Reef in Australia is no exception and will continue to shrink as the temperatures rise! These reefs are some of the best in the world for diving,but they will soon disappear!

Venice—Sprawling across(横跨)hundreds of small islands in Northeast Italy,Venice is at extreme risk of sinking into the Adriatic Sea.Rising sea levels are in fact a serious threat to many coastal cities located at sea level.Lucky for us,however,Venice is developing a series of sea walls to protect the city in times of high tide.

Glacier(冰川)National Park—Glacier National Park was once covered by over 150 glaciers,but by 2005 it only had about 27! Located in Montana,Canada,this park is over a million acres and has a huge plant and wildlife population.As temperatures rise,the glaciers and ice melt,which will upset the ecosystems sustaining over a thousand plant species and hundreds of animals.

The Amazon—The cause behind the disappearance of these fantastic places ultimately comes down to humans.Our expansion usually requires cutting down forests for land,fuel and materials,but rarely considers the consequences.These forests are sources of food and medicine for just about everyone on the planet!

What will happen if we lose these valuable places and beautiful destinations?!

1.According to the text,what is causing corals’ death?

A.Rising sea levels. B.Humans’ diving activities.

C.Rising sea temperatures. D.The shrinkage(缩小)of their habitats.

2.What can we infer from the part of “Venice”?

A.Venice is the only coastal city of Italy.

B.Many places are in the risk of sinking below sea level.

C.Venice will never sink because of the protection of sea walls.

D.Italy consists of hundreds of small islands in the Adriatic Sea.

3.What can we learn about Glacier National Park from the text?

A.It covers a large area in Montana. 

B.It is covered by over 150 glaciers.

C.Plant species and animals in it have died out. 

D.It doesn’t support any living thing for its cold.

4.Which site’s shrinking reason differs from the other sites?

A.The Great Barrier Reef. B.Venice.

C.Glacier National Park. D.The Amazon.

语篇解读:这是一篇介绍说明类文章。文章介绍了因为气候变暖或者人类活动正在消失的几个景点。

答案及剖析:

1.C　细节理解题。由第二段中的“Rising air temperatures will cause sea temperatures to rise as well.All life supported by the oceans will be affected with this shock to their ecosystem.Corals are some of the most vulnerable marine animals and we are already watching whole reefs disappear”可知,气候变暖导致海水温度上升。靠海洋生存的所有生态系统都受到影响。珊瑚虫是最脆弱的海洋动物之一。由此可知,海水温度上升导致了珊瑚虫的死亡。

2.B　推理判断题。由第三段中的“Rising sea levels are in fact a serious threat to many coastal cities located at sea level”可知,上升的海平面对于很多海边城市构成了严重威胁,因此很多城市有被海水淹没的危险。故B选项正确。

3.A　细节理解题。由第四段中的“Located in Montana,Canada,this park is over a million acres and has a huge plant and wildlife population”可知,Glacier National Park位于Montana,占地一百多万英亩。结合选项可知,A选项正确。　

4.D　细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“The cause behind the disappearance of these fantastic places ultimately comes down to humans.Our expansion usually requires cutting down forests for land,fuel and materials”可知,the Amazon缩小的原因是人类。人类为了获得土地、燃料和材料砍倒了树林。而结合上文的介绍,其他三个景点正在消失的原因是气候变暖。由此可知,the Amazon缩小的原因和其他几个地方不一样。故D选项正确。

Ⅱ.七选五

Some people just know how to start a conversation with anyone,in any place.If you’re not one of these lucky types,don’t worry.1.　　 

Remark on the surroundings or occasions.If you’re at a party,for example,you could comment on the food or the music in a positive way like this:“I love this song.”or“The food is great.”

2.　　　 For example,“How is the wine?”or“Who do you know here?”Most people enjoy talking about themselves so asking a question is a good way to get a conversation started. 

3.　　　 For example,“I really like your purse.Can I ask where you got it?”or“You’re really doing well in this.Can you show me how to do it?” 

Remark on anything you have in common.People would like your saying “My daughter went to that school,too.How does your son like it?”

4.　　　 Don’t say something that obviously causes offence and avoid heavy subjects such as politics or religion.Stick to light subjects like the weather,surroundings,and anything you have in common such as movies or sports teams. 

Listen effectively.5.　　　 You can’t concentrate on what someone’s saying if you’re thinking about what you’re going to say next.The key to effective communication is to focus fully on the speaker and show interest in what’s being said.Nod occasionally,smile at the person,and encourage the speaker to continue with “yes”or“uh-huh”. 

A.Choose subjects you’re interested in.

B.Use a praise to create a good atmosphere.

C.Keep the conversation going with small talk.

D.It is not the same as waiting for your turn to talk.

E.Ask specific questions that are related to the drinks.

F.Ask a question that requires more than just a yes or no answer.

G.Here are some ways to have a conversation with someone new.

答案:1-5　GFBCD

Ⅲ.完形填空

My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend.On the way,we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said,“　1　 my job.Family to Feed.” 

At this store,a 　2　 like this is not normal.My 10-year-old noticed him and made a 　3　 on how bad it must be to have to stand 　4　 in the cold wind. 

In the store,I asked each of my kids to 　5　 something they thought our “friend” there would 　6　.They got apples,a sandwich and a bottle of juice.Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a 　7　.I thought about it.We were 　8　 on cash ourselves,but...well,sometimes 　9　 from our need instead of our abundance is 　10　 what we need to do! All the kids 　11　 something they could do away with for the week. 

When we handed him the bag of 　12　,he lit up and thanked us with 　13　 eyes.When I handed him the gift card,saying he could use it for 　14　 his family might need,he burst into tears. 

This has been a wonderful 　15　 for our family.For days the kids have been looking for others we can 　16　!Things would have played out so 　17　 if I had simply said,“No,we really don’t have 　18　 to give more.” Stepping out not only helped a brother in 　19　,it also gave my kids the 　20　 taste of helping others.It’ll go a long way with them. 

1.A.Lost B.Changed C.Quit D.Finished

2.A condition B.place C.sight D.show

3.A.suggestion B.comment C.decision D.call

4.A.outside B.proudly C.by D.angrily

5.A.draw B.say C.arrange D.pick

6.A.order B.supply C.appreciate D.discover

7.A.dollar B.job C.hot meal D.gift card

8.A.easy B.low C.soft D.loose

9.A.giving B.saving C.spending D.begging

10.A.yet B.even C.still D.just

11.A.declared B.shared C.ignored D.expected

12.A.toys B.medicine C.food D.clothes

13.A.sleepy B.watery C.curious D.sharp

14.A.whoever B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever

15.A.experience B.example C.message D.adventure

16.A.rely on B.respect C.learn from D.help

17.A.suddenly B.vividly C.differently D.perfectly

18.A.time B.power C.patience D.money

19.A.fear B.love C.need D.memory

20.A.strong B.sweet C.strange D.simple

语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。作者周末带着几个孩子去超市购物,在去的路上,他们遇到一个乞讨者,这个乞讨者失去了工作,但还有一家人要养活。孩子们一起行动起来,共同帮助这位乞讨者。

答案及剖析:

1.A　根据后句 Family to Feed.及下文可知,他丢掉了工作,处于失业状态,需要外界帮助来养家糊口,因此选择lost。change改变;quit停止;finish完成。

2.C　根据句意可知,在这个商店里,像这样的情景(sight)是不正常的,所以我十岁的孩子注意到了他。condition条件,place地方,show表演,均不符合题意。

3.B　根据后面how bad it must be...可知,这个十岁的孩子是对这个人的行为作出了评论(comment)。make a comment on对……作出评论,符合语境。make a suggestion 提建议;make a decision作决定;make a call打电话。　

4.A　由in the cold wind可推测这个乞讨者应是站在外面(stand outside)。

5.D　根据下文When we handed him the bag of...(当我们递给他一包……时)可知,此处说的是我要求每个孩子挑选出(pick)一样东西送给他。 draw画,say说,arrange安排,均不符合语境。

6.C　根据语境可知,孩子们挑选出那边的那位“朋友”会喜欢(欣赏/感激)的礼物,所以选C项(appreciate)。order订购;supply提供;discover发现。

7.D　根据14题前面的gift card(礼品卡)可知,这里选择D项(gift card),做题时要注意后文的提示。此题属于原词复现。

8.B　根据上句的意思“我(对送其礼品卡这件事情)考虑了一下”可知,作者考虑到了他们碰到的不太好的情况“我们本身带的现金不足(low on cash,即手头拮据)”。此处low意为“少,低”,符合原文语境。easy容易的;soft柔软的;loose松的。

9.A　根据7空前的giving以及此处语境可知,此处表达“把我们需要的,而不是富足的东西给别人,这正是我们需要做的”,所以选择giving。save节省,spend花费,beg乞求,均与语境不符。

10.D　用“just(正是,恰是)”能够体现出作者此处的情感,即:突出强调“就是需要这样做”。yet还;even甚至;still仍然。

11.A　根据文章内容可知,孩子们都给那个人选了礼物,所以他们宣布(declare)这周他们放弃某些东西。they could do away with for the week是定语从句,修饰something,do away with为固定搭配,意为“摆脱,舍弃”。

12.C　结合上文They got apples,a sandwich and a bottle of juice.可知孩子们给那个人的是食物(food)。

13.B　根据后文的he burst into tears可知,看到食物,那个人眼睛湿润(watery)了。sleepy困乏的;curious好奇的;sharp敏捷的。

14.B　此处表达“用于买他的家庭可能需要的任何东西”,故whatever符合语境。注意本句是介词的宾语从句,从句缺少宾语。

15.A　根据全文叙述的这件事情的经过以及后文的it also gave my kids the 　20　 taste of helping others可知,这件事对作者一家来说也是一次不错的经历(experience)。example榜样;message信息;adventure冒险。 

16.D　由于孩子们从帮助别人的经历中得到了快乐,所以几天来他们一直在寻找可以帮助(help)的人。rely on依赖;respect尊重;learn from向……学习。

17.C　根据语境可知,如果作者当时没有帮助那个乞讨者,结果会是完全不同的,所以选择differently。suddenly突然;vividly生动地;perfectly完美地。

18.D　这里是作者的一种假设,如果当时作者说他们没有钱(money)提供更多的帮助,那么现在会是另外一种局面。time时间;power权力,能力;patience耐心。

19.C　根据本文叙述的事件可知,作者帮助了需要帮助的(in need)人。 in need 意为“需要帮助的”。

20.B　根据句意和前文的叙述可知,帮助别人给孩子们带来了快乐甜蜜的滋味,所以选择sweet,而且该词与后面的taste搭配体现了这篇文章的中心思想——帮助别人,快乐自己。strong强壮的; strange奇怪的;simple简单的。