高中英语高考2020高考英语一轮复习Unit5Canada_“TheTrueNorth”练习含解析新人教版必修

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Unit 5　Canada—“The True North”Ⅰ.阅读理解In the fifteenth century Italy had no single ruler.Instead it was a collection of independent states,known as “city states” because each one was run by a central city such as Florence.Some were small; some were large.Most states had their own government,laws and money.During the Middle Ages,five city states became very rich and powerful.For example,Venice became rich from its trade with the Far East,the Mediterranean and the rest of Europe.Banks in Florence lent money to businesses and governments all over Europe.There was great competition between the city states—which led to regular wars—and between the families which ruled them.The city states also competed with each other to build the grandest or tallest buildings.Let’s look in detail at one city—Florence.In 1400 Florence was one of the largest cities in Italy.It was the centre of a rich trade in wool and cloth.One-third of the workers in Florence worked in the wool trade.The most powerful family in Florence was the Medici family,who had made their money through banking.The most famous member of the family was Lorenzo de’ Medici who ruled the city between 1469 and 1492.The other powerful people who had influence in Florence were the members of the guilds(行业协会).Craftsmen such as carpenters each had their own guild.If you were a member of a guild and over 25 years old then you could be involved in governing the city.The rulers of Florence wanted their city to be impressive and famous.The Medici collected books and built a huge library to house them.They spent money on renovating (修复) old buildings and putting up new ones.They built a splendid palace and employed painters and sculptors to decorate it.Some of the best and most famous artists were brought to work in Florence.1.What do we know about the city states?A.They ruled themselves.             B.They were made up of five cities.C.They didn’t trade with each other. D.They disappeared during the Middle Ages.2.Which of the following can describe the relationship between the city states?A.Strong. B.Inflexible. C.Unfriendly. D.Cooperative.3.According to the text,the Medici family 　　　. A.created their own guild         B.contributed a lot to FlorenceC.was the single ruler of Florence D.became rich through doing woodwork4.Why did some artists go to Florence?A.Because there was great demand for art in Florence. B.Because there were many famous artists in Florence.C.Because Florence was well-known for its art trade. D.Because other cities had no interest in art.语篇解读:本文是说明文。文章以佛罗伦萨为例介绍了15世纪时意大利的城邦。答案及剖析:1.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的independent states及Most states had their own government,laws and money可知,各个城邦相互独立、各自为政。2.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的There was great competition between the city states—which led to regular wars及The city states also competed with each other to build the grandest or tallest buildings可以看出,各个城邦互相敌视、充满竞争。3.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容不难看出,梅第奇家族修建图书馆、大兴土木,对佛罗伦萨的发展做出了巨大贡献。4.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的They spent money on renovating(修复) old buildings and putting up new ones.They built a splendid palace and employed painters and sculptors to decorate it可推测,由于梅第奇家族大兴土木,所以需要大量艺术家对建筑物进行装饰。Ⅱ.七选五(2018山东临沂高三模拟检测题)You wouldn’t want that job! But robots are doing such jobs right now and have been for the last 20 years.And they do the same job again and again without getting tired.1.　　　 So in some ways robots make better factory workers than humans. Thousands of robots are at work right now in factories all over the world.2.　　　 Large robots lift heavy parts or weld cars together.Similar robots do delicate tasks,like putting candy into boxes. In automobile factories,robots are replacing people in paint shop.Paint fumes can make people sick.3.　　　 They can even paint in the dark to save electricity. 4.　　　 Some robots work in offices,carrying and delivering mail.They look like carts with places for holding the mail.The robots are programmed to stop at pickup stations and travel through the office on a set path. Robots can also explore the ocean.They search underwater for lost ships,search for oil and gas,mine the ocean floor,and help to do scientific research.5.　　 Robots,not astronauts,were the first explorers from Earth to go to the Moon.For now human beings cannot visit some planets of our solar system.But robots can.In the future robots will be doing more and more of our difficult,dangerous and boring jobs and will leave humans more time to do interesting things.A.Not all robots work in factories.B.But robots don’t mind the fumes.C.Some companies even produce smart robots.D.People do get tired,make mistakes and get hurt.E.There are good reasons for using robots rather than humans.F.The size and shape of a working robot is determined by its job.G.They can go into places that are too dangerous for human divers.答案:1—5　DFBAGⅢ.完形填空(2018山东临朐中学五月模拟检测题)Running for a DreamI will never forget that November day.It was hotter than normal.This was the 　1　 my father and I had waited so long for,because we had been working towards this race for three years.Dozens of familiar faces from church and school flashed across my view.They had come 　2　 me.I saw worry and 　3　 on my father’s face.Then the race began! For the first two and a half miles,I felt 　4　.I had never before been so ready for something.The weeks leading up to the race were filled with controlled 　5　 and a strict diet.My friends hadn’t seen me for weeks,but they understood the 　6　 required to make my dream a reality.As in all of my races,I didn’t 　7　 out in the front,I loved the pleasure of passing people as my strength overtook their premature speed. Then without warning,my strength began to decrease.Neck and neck with one of my greatest competitors,I 　8　 see the finish line.I had begun the final dash into 　9　 when my knees became weak and my legs gave way.Nothing I could do would make them 　10　 weight. I watched as runners rushed by me.　11　 I knew my dreams of victory were destroyed,I had to finish the race.However,my legs hurt badly.With all of the 　12　 left in me,I got on my hands and knees and crawled(爬),inch by inch,across the finish line.Voices,both 　13　 and familiar,cheered me on.They gave me the courage to keep 　14　 until the very end. The doctors were there in seconds,but my eyes searched the crowd for him.There was only one person I wanted to 　15　 to.I whispered,“I’m so sorry,Dad,I’m so sorry I 　16　 you.” He looked at me,saying,“You could never disappoint me.Sometimes these things just 　17　.All that matters is that you did your best.” “But we worked so　18　.What about our dream?” He reached over for my hand and said,“Don’t you know that you are my dream and it has come true?” It wasn’t long before my running shoes were back on,marking a 　19　 path for my journey.I learned that all of the miles,the tears,the sweat,and the pain my dad and I experienced together were not for a 　20　.What I realized,though,was that to him,I was the greatest prize he had ever won. 1.A.dream B.weather C.result  D.day2.A.for  B.to C.across  D.over3.A.coldness  B.astonishment C.excitement D.amusement4.A.proud  B.great C.nervous D.afraid5.A.programs B.studies C.instructions D.practices6.A.sacrifice  B.potential C.patience D.attention7.A.look B.move C.start  D.come8.A.should B.could C.must D.need9.A.relief B.spirit C.pleasure D.glory10.A.give B.feel C.hold D.add11.A.Where  B.Because C.If D.Although12.A.trust B.emotion C.strength D.confidence13.A.loud  B.foreign C.soft D.firm14.A.going  B.running C.fighting  D.training15.A.refer  B.talk C.listen D.agree16.A.frightened B.disturbed C.disappointed D.bored17.A.develop B.change C.follow D.happen18.A.late B.hard C.closely D.quickly19.A.new B.near C.rough D.narrow20.A.wish B.duty C.rank  D.race语篇解读:本文属于记叙文。讲述了作者在一次赛跑中腿部受伤仍坚持爬过终点线,从而对人生有了更深刻的感悟。答案及剖析:1.D　根据文章第一句“I will never forget that November day.”可知,这里开始叙述我和爸爸盼望的那一天。故D正确。2.A　介词for表目的,意为“为了……”。很多熟悉的人为了我来看这场比赛。故A正确。3.C　前面说这一天是我们两人一直盼望的,所以这一天到来,爸爸此时的心情应该既担心又兴奋。故C正确。4.B　根据后一句“I had never before been so ready for something.”可知,刚开始跑的时候作者感觉很好。故B正确。5.D　为了比赛的胜利而要控制训练的量和饮食。故D正确。6.A　我的朋友们虽然这几周都没见到我,但他们理解我为实现梦想而做出的牺牲。根据句意可知A正确。7.C　根据后文“I loved the pleasure of passing people”可知,在我所有的比赛中,我开始的时候并没有领先,我喜欢赶超别人。故C正确。8.B　本句中could是过去式,表示过去的能力,我能看到终点线。故B正确。9.D　根据空格11后的“my dreams of victory”可知,我要做最后的冲刺了,很快就能取得胜利的荣耀。故D正确。10.C　我的腿不能支撑住我身体的重量。A、B、D三项与weight不搭配。故C正确。11.D　根据句意可知上下文之间是转折关系,尽管我知道我已无缘夺冠,但是我还要继续完成比赛,所以使用although。12.C　根据后文“I got on my hands and...crawled...across the finish line”可知,作者尽全力,用手和膝盖朝终点爬去。故C正确。13.B　foreign在这里不是国外的,是和familiar相对,意为“陌生的”。我听到熟悉和陌生的声音都在鼓励着我向前,故B正确。14.A　keep going继续向前,作者此时是爬行,所以不选running。故A正确。15.B　根据下一句“I whispered”可知,选择talk,表示我只想和一个人谈谈。故B正确。16.C　根据下文“You could never disappoint me”可知我对父亲说:“对不起,我让你失望了。”故选C。17.D　父亲告诉我这种事难免发生,重要的是你要尽最大努力。故D正确。18.B　work hard努力,为固定短语。父亲告诉我只要我努力了就行了,有些事情是没有办法避免的。故B正确。19.A　根据上下文语境,此处表示“没过多久我又穿上了跑鞋,开始了一段新的征程。”故A正确。20.D　此句是文章的升华,把race上升到人生高度。我和父亲一起经历的不是一场简单的跑步比赛,而是一场人生的宝贵经历。故D正确。