2022-2023学年浙江省浙南名校联盟高三下学期第二次联考（月考）英语试题含解析

  2022学年第二学期浙南名校联盟第二次联考

高三年级英语试题

考生须知：

1. 本卷共8页满分150分, 考试时间120分钟；

2. 答题前, 在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。

3. 所有答案必须写在答题纸上, 写在试卷上无效；

4. 考试结束后, 只需上交答题纸。

第I卷

第一部分：听力（共两节, 满分30分）

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What does the man think of the studio apartment?

A. It is old.         B. It is small.         C. It is expensive.

2. When does the man want to arrive in Washington?

A. Before 9：00a. m.         B. Before 8：30a. m.         C. Before 7：30a. m.

3. Where did the woman go at the weekend?

A. To a theater.         B. To a castle.         C. To a gallery.

4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?

A. A magician.         B. A film-maker.         C. A movie.

5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Husband and wife.         B. Waitress and customer.         C. Policewoman and driver.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料, 回答第6和第7小题。

6. When will the exhibition be held?

A. In 25days.         B. In 14days.         C. In 3 days

7. What does the manager want to do?

A. Return some of the parts.         B. Put off his delivery.         C. Test the material.

听第7段材料, 回答第8和第9小题。

8. Why didn't the woman attend the meeting?

A. She had been to Anaheim.

B. She was busy in her office.

C. She was on a visit to New York.

9. What is the disagreement about?

A. How to increase sales.

B. What to do with the increasing staff.

C. Whether to fire or increase some employees.

听第8段材料, 回答第10至第12小题。

10. What will the woman do on Saturday?

A. Go to Chicago.         B. Pick up the man.         C. Watch a game.

11. Why does the man suggest arriving an hour early?

A. To get a good seat.         B. To get free tickets.         C. To look around.

12. What can we learn from the conversation?

A. The man is a football fan.

B. The woman is a football player.

C. Tickets are cheaper for students.

听第9段材料, 回答第13至第16小题。

13. Why did Adam go to bed late?

A. His son felt sick.

B. He couldn't fall asleep.

C. He was repairing his computer.

14. When did Adam's son return to bed?

A. At 4：00a. m.         B. At 6：00 a. m.         C. At 6：45a. m.

15. Why did Adam borrow money?

A. To get a bus ticket.         B. To refill his car.         C. To buy lunch.

16. What does the woman suggest Adam do?

A. Go home at once.         B. Take good care of his son.         C. Watch TV for relaxation.

听第10段材料, 回答第17至第20小题。

17. How long should people put their burnt hand in running water?

A. About 10minutes.         B. About 12 minutes.         C. About 20 minutes.

18. What should people avoid doing if getting a fever?

A. By opening the window.         B. By keeping warm.         C. By taking a bath.

19. What should people do to deal with backaches?

A. Keep moving gently.         B. Lift some heavy boxes.         C. Go to bed and rest.

20. What is speaker mainly discussing?

A. Situations calling for first aid.

B. Mistakes in dealing with injuries.

C. Simple treatment for some situations.

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节, 满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该涂黑。

A

STEM Summer Programs for High School Students

STEM is a term that stands for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Here is a list of some of the best STEM summer camps for high school students.

Future Matters Program

It is an 8-week paid summer research experience for high school students. This is a hands-on program for students interested in going after a career in medical research. Students will attend seminars led by faculty and participate in discussions with peers.

Simons Summer Research

It is a seven-week program located at Stony Brook University. Students will have the opportunity to participate in special workshops, tours and events free of charge. They will conclude the program b producing a written research abstract and research poster.

Research Science Institute

It is the first cost-free summer program of its kind. During this six-week program, students will dive deeper into the world of science and engineering by experiencing the entire research cycle. In this program students attend classes conducted by famous professors and prepare written and oral presentations to present their research.

Program in Math for Young Scientists

This program is a six-week intensive mathematics program designed for students across the globe. Unlike common programs, it offers a great deal of independence for students to choose their own schedules and decide what they want to study. Besides learning, there is also “mandatory(强制的) fun time” built into the weekly schedule so that students are able to have non-math related activities.

1. Which program best suits students who want to be doctors?

A. Future Matters Program. B. Simons Summer Research.

C. Research Science Institute. D. Program in Math for Young Scientists.

2. What do Simons Summer Research and Research Science Institute have in common?

A. Expense. B. Theme. C. Duration. D. Content.

3. What’s special in Program in Math for Young Scientists?

A. Cultivating independent skills. B. Attending non-math activities.

C. Tailoring personal schedules. D. Enrolling international students.

【答案】1. A    2. A    3. C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了一些适合高中生的STEM夏令营。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据Future Matters Program部分中“This is a hands-on program for students interested in going after a career in medical research.(这是一个为有兴趣从事医学研究的学生提供的实践性课程)”可知，该项目适合想要成为医生的学生。故选A。

【2题详解】

理解理解题。根据Simons Summer Research部分中“Students will have the opportunity to participate in special workshops, tours and events free of charge.(学生将有机会免费参加特别的研讨会、参观和活动)”和Research Science Institute部分中“It is the first cost-free summer program of its kind.(这是首个此类免费暑期课程)”可知，这两个项目的共同点是都免费。故选A。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据Program in Math for Young Scientists部分中“Unlike common programs, it offers a great deal of independence for students to choose their own schedules and decide what they want to study.(与普通课程不同的是，它为学生提供了很大的独立性，可以选择自己的时间表并决定他们想学什么)”可知，该项目的特殊之处在于它允许定制个人的时间表。故选C。

B

Deafblind artist Tony Giordano led an adventurous life, traveling and playing sports, before completely losing his sight and hearing in 2018. “I was into everything. I loved adventures.” the Brooklyn native said during a Newsday interview on Tuesday.

After learning to communicate using sign language, Giordano wondered what to do next after his sight and hearing losses. While reinventing his life, Giordano said getting into art was not something that crossed his mind at first. But after taking a creative arts class at the North Shore facility, Giordano began to discover he enjoyed it. Drawing on his nearly 30 years of experience as an auto mechanic, his welding(焊接) skills and various bursts of inspiration, Giordano began pouring himself into what’s become his specialty — designing metal sculptures.

More than a year later, Giordano now is getting recognition for his art pieces. In December, Giordano made his first sale of a sculpture, a larger-than-life hand made of copper pipes and titled “I Love You” to artist and collector Jennifer Contini for $1,000. While proud of selling his first art piece, Giordano — who also repairs bicycles at a bike repair shop in St. James — admitted it made him a bit sad.

“His work ethic is really incredible,” said Antonia Isnardi, Giordano’s art teacher. “Learning sculpture is really tough, requiring enormous attention and patience. He could easily say ‘I lost my vision. I can’t do this’, but he keeps fighting. He perseveres in everything and is willing to try something new to improve in any way.”

Giordano will leave the Port Washington center this year and return to his home in the South. But he said he considers art his next adventure and hopes his sculptures will be a way to spread a positive message about the capabilities of the deafblind community.

4. What inspired Giordano to go into art?

A. Artistic inspiration. B. A teacher’s encouragement.

C. A creative art class. D. Previous working experience.

5. What’s mainly discussed in Paragraph 4 about Giordano?

A. Frustrations in his life. B. Difficulties for him in sculpturing.

C. His strong will in learning. D. The art teacher’s remarks on him.

6. Which of the following best describes Giordano?

A. Wealthy and honest. B. Creative and determined.

C. Grateful and generous. D. Adventurous and humorous.

7. Where is the text probably taken from?

A. An art textbook. B. A local newspaper.

C. A travel brochure D. A literature review.

【答案】4. C    5. C    6. B    7. B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要介绍了聋哑艺术家Tony Giordano的故事。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中“But after taking a creative arts class at the North Shore facility, Giordano began to discover he enjoyed it.(在北岸的设施上了一门创意艺术课程后，Giordano开始发现他喜欢它)”可知，Giordano是在上完一门创意艺术课程后有了投身艺术的想法。故选C。

【5题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第四段内容，结合本段中““His work ethic is really incredible,” said Antonia Isnardi, Giordano’s art teacher. “Learning sculpture is really tough, requiring enormous attention and patience. He could easily say ‘I lost my vision. I can’t do this’, but he keeps fighting. He perseveres in everything and is willing to try something new to improve in any way.”(“他的职业道德真的令人难以置信，”佐丹奴的美术老师安东尼娅·伊斯纳迪(Antonia Isnardi)说。“学习雕塑真的很难，需要极大的注意力和耐心。他可以轻易地说‘我失去了视力。我不能这样做，但他继续战斗。他对每件事都坚持不懈，愿意尝试新事物以提高自己。”)”可推断，本段主要是讨论Giordano在学习方面的坚强意志。故选C。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第二段中“After learning to communicate using sign language, Giordano wondered what to do next after his sight and hearing losses.(一年多过去了，Giordano的艺术作品得到了认可)”以及第四段中“but he keeps fighting. He perseveres in everything and is willing to try something new to improve in any way(但他继续战斗。他对每件事都坚持不懈，愿意尝试新事物以提高自己)”可知，Giordano很有创意且对事情坚定不移，故选B。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“…the Brooklyn native said during a Newsday interview on Tuesday.(……这位布鲁克林本地人在周二接受《新闻日报》采访时说)”可知，文章是新闻报道，可能出自当地报纸。故选B。

C

Birds that dive underwater — such as penguins, gannets and pelicans — may be more likely to go extinct than their nondiving relatives, a new study reported in Proceedings of the Royal Society finds.

Many waterbirds have evolved highly specialized bodies and behaviors that facilitate diving. Now, an analysis of the evolutionary history of more than 700 waterbird species shows that once a bird group gains the ability to dive, the change is irreversible, which could help explain why diving birds have a higher extinction rate compared with nondiving birds.

“There are considerable morphological(形态学的) adaptations for diving.” says Catherine Sheard, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Bristol in England. For instance, gannets and some pelicans that dive into the water from the air have twists to the neck muscles and the bones in the chest. It’s possible that some diving birds are evolving under an evolutionary “ratchet,” where adaptations to use a certain food source or habitat encourage specialized evolution. These birds may become trapped in their ways, increasing their risk of extinction.

Evolutionary biologists Josh Tyler and Jane Younger investigated the evolution of diving in a collection of 727 waterbird species across 11 bird groups. They explored the link between diving and the development of new species, or their extinction, in various bird lineages(家族). Among 236 diving bird species, 75, or 32 percent, were part of lineages that are experiencing 0.02 more species extinctions per million years than the generation of new species. Bird lineages that don't dive, on the other hand, generated 0.1more new species per million years than the rate of species dying out.

“The more specialized you become, the more reliant you are on a particular diet, foraging(觅食) strategy or environment.” says Tyler. “The range of environments available for foraging is much larger for the nondiving birds than for the specialist divers, and this may play into their ability to adapt and thrive.”

8. What does the underlined word “irreversible” in paragraph 2 probably mean?

A. Unexpected. B. Unchangeable. C. Unreal. D. Unwelcome.

9. Why are “gannets and pelicans” mentioned in Paragraph 3?

A. To present a fact. B. To illustrate a concept.

C. To give a definition. D. To explain a phenomenon.

10. What do we know about Josh Tyler and Jane Younger’s study?

A. Biologists got the results by comparison.

B. Data were collected by observing waterbirds.

C. 32 diving bird species went extinct during the process.

D. The aim is to build connection between diving and nondiving birds.

11. Which of the following factors plays a role in nondiving birds’ lower extinction rate?

A. Wider habitat range. B. Quicker foraging speed.

C. More food options. D. Stronger reproduction ability.

【答案】8. B    9. A    10. A    11. A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一项新研究发现，在水下潜水的鸟类可能比不潜水的鸟类更容易灭绝。

【8题详解】

词义猜测题。结合语境及画线词后“which could help explain why diving birds have a higher extinction rate compared with nondiving birds(这可能有助于解释为什么潜水鸟比非潜水鸟有更高的灭绝率)”可知，潜水鸟比非潜水鸟有更高的灭绝率，是因为潜水鸟一旦获得了潜水能力，这种变化是不可逆转的，irreversible意为“不可逆转的”。故选B。

【9题详解】

推理判断题。第三段首句“There are considerable morphological(形态学的) adaptations for diving.(潜水有相当大的形态学适应)”提到潜水有相当大的形态学适应，接着下文“For instance, gannets and some pelicans that dive into the water from the air have twists to the neck muscles and the bones in the chest.(例如，塘鹅和一些鹈鹕从空中跳入水中时，颈部肌肉和胸部骨骼都有扭曲)”提到塘鹅和一些鹈鹕从空中跳入水中时，颈部肌肉和胸部骨骼都有扭曲，是呈现一个事实证明上述观点。故选A。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段中“They explored the link between diving and the development of new species, or their extinction, in various bird lineages(家族). Among 236 diving bird species, 75, or 32 percent, were part of lineages that are experiencing 0.02 more species extinctions per million years than the generation of new species. Bird lineages that don't dive, on the other hand, generated 0.1more new species per million years than the rate of species dying out.(他们在不同的鸟类谱系中探索了潜水与新物种发展或灭绝之间的联系。在236种潜水鸟中，有75种（32%）是每百万年灭绝的物种数量比新物种数量多0.02种的世系。另一方面，不潜水的鸟类谱系每百万年产生的新物种比物种灭绝的速度多0.1个)”可知，生物学家是通过比较潜水鸟和非潜水鸟与新物种发展或灭绝之间的联系而得出研究结果的。故选A。

【11题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The range of environments available for foraging is much larger for the nondiving birds than for the specialist divers, and this may play into their ability to adapt and thrive.(对于不潜水的鸟类来说，觅食环境的范围比专业潜水员大得多，这可能有助于它们适应和茁壮成长的能力)”可知，不潜水的鸟类觅食环境更广泛，这有助于它们适应和茁壮成长的能力，因此更不容易灭绝。故选A。

D

Around the world rivers seem to be raging. While catastrophic flooding of Pakistan’s rivers has left tens of millions without homes, a drought unseen for 500 years has squeezed Europe’s major waterways almost dry. There is little disagreement about what’s going on: climate change is causing both rainfall and droughts to intensify. The question now is how to manage those climate-changed waterways and, specifically, what role dams should play in mitigating(缓和) against the kinds of disasters.

Advocates say water storage dams will become more essential as buffers(缓冲物) against extreme water flows by absorbing water during flooding and releasing it in times of drought. Dams, they say, can help combat climate change by producing renewable hydropower(水力发电) that is cleaner than fossil fuel energy.

However, criticisms have long centered on the negative impact most dams have on biodiversity and river ecosystems. Not only do the vast amounts of concrete used to build large dams leave huge carbon footprints, there is also much evidence that greenhouse gas emissions from dams are often far greater than previously thought. Increasingly a scientific case is also being made that dams actually worsen both floods and droughts.

Now, more dam developers are turning to “run-of-river” technology, in which the river’s water flows continuously through a hydropower station without a reservoir to store it. Such projects are generally considered more environmentally friendly, but they do not allow for water to be managed according to weather conditions.

Then there are those who say we should stay away from dams, and look for ways using nature-based solutions. Many ecologists say that protecting wetlands, for example, should be a priority, since those ecosystems act as natural sponges(海绵) for floodwaters within a river basin. “We have turned river basins into economic machines that only serve people and not nature, and this creates more problems, like droughts and flooding,” says Herman Wanningen, the founder of the advocacy group Dam Removal Europe. “We have to learn to cooperate with nature and not against it anymore.”

12. Why do critics oppose the construction of dams?

A. It may produce opposite effect. B. It destroys local ecosystem.

C. It needs a large amount of concrete. D. It gives off harmful gases.

13. What can we say about the “turn-to-river” projects?

A. Economical. B. Inflexible. C. Fruitless. D. Popular.

14. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. Dams have long lost their function as buffers.

B. Protecting wetland is a once-and-for-all solution.

C. Flooding and droughts can help promote economy.

D. The starting point of our solution should serve nature.

15. What’s the best title for the text?

A. Building More Dams: A Way Out?

B. Disaster Relief: Working with Nature.

C. Dams’ Traditional Role: Pros and Cons.

D. Worsening Climate Change: Take Action!

【答案】12. A    13. B    14. D    15. A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文，气候变化正在导致降雨和干旱加剧，文章主要讨论建造大坝是否是解决这类灾害的出路。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中“However, criticisms have long centered on the negative impact most dams have on biodiversity and river ecosystems.Not only do the vast amounts of concrete used to build large dams leave huge carbon footprints, there is also much evidence that greenhouse gas emissions from dams are often far greater than previously thought. Increasingly a scientific case is also being made that dams actually worsen both floods and droughts.(然而，长期以来，批评都集中在大多数大坝对生物多样性和河流生态系统的负面影响上。建造大型水坝所用的大量混凝土不仅会留下巨大的碳足迹，而且有大量证据表明，大坝排放的温室气体往往远远超过人们之前的想象。越来越多的科学案例表明，大坝实际上会加剧洪水和干旱。)”可知，批评者反对建造大坝是因为它可能会产生相反的效果。故选A。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段中“Such projects are generally considered more environmentally friendly, but they do not allow for water to be managed according to weather conditions.(这样的工程通常被认为更环保，但它们不允许根据天气条件来管理水)”可知，径流式水电站不允许根据天气情况来调节水量，故这种水电站不够灵活。故选B。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中“We have turned river basins into economic machines that only serve people and not nature, and this creates more problems, like droughts and flooding(我们把河流流域变成了只服务于人类而不是自然的经济机器，这造成了更多的问题，比如干旱和洪水)”及“We have to learn to cooperate with nature and not against it anymore.(我们必须学会与自然合作，而不是对抗它)”可知，我们解决方案的出发点应该是为自然服务。故选D。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“The question now is how to manage those climate-changed waterways and, specifically, what role dams should play in mitigating(缓和) against the kinds of disasters.(现在的问题是如何管理这些受气候变化影响的水道，特别是大坝在减轻这类灾害方面应该发挥什么作用)”可知，气候变化正在导致降雨和干旱加剧，文章主要讨论建造大坝是否是解决这类灾害的出路，故A项“建造更多大坝：这是一条出路吗？”适合作为文章标题。故选A。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分）

根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Conflict is an unavoidable part of life. So how can we save meaningful relationships after a fight with our loved ones? ___16___ If you are currently struggling to seek forgiveness, consider these crucial steps to apologize effectively.

Say the words. After hours of quarreling, many people struggle to summon up the courage to say “I am sorry.” To some it is almost equal to admitting defeat, and no one likes to lose. ___17___ Instead, they may buy flowers or offer a back rub, convinced that surely this must be enough. But is it? Words are actually quite useful.

___18___ It is easy to think you are the victim in a fight. We tend to minimize our own errors while exaggerating the mistakes of others. This is the way we rationalize (合理化) our actions in conflicts. Simply put, we make excuses. But if earning forgiveness is your ultimate goal, then attempt to be less defensive the next time you find yourself in a fight. Stop making excuses for yourself and your behavior and own up to your actions.

Ask for the chance to make up or pay for your mistakes. This gesture is even more effective if it comes at some personal cost to you. So pay for that broken window with your allowance, buy your sister a new pair of headphones after a quarrel, or offer to help your partner with extra housework after arguments. ___19___

Apologies do work, but be mindful that how you apologize also matters. ___20___ When you need more than it, extra work is needed to develop the relationship, like seeking professional advice from experts.

A. Take responsibility for your own wrongdoing.

B. One critical way is by learning how to apologize.

C. Many people try to avoid uttering those little words.

D. Second, real actions should come after sweet words.

E. It’s necessary to remember to avoid financial losses in a fight.

F. In the end, you will be further along in the forgiveness process.

G. And sometimes an apology is not enough to repair a relationship.

【答案】16. B    17. C    18. A    19. F    20. G

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了吵架后应该如何有效地道歉。

【16题详解】

上文“So how can we save meaningful relationships after a fight with our loved ones?(那么，在和爱人吵架后，我们该如何挽救有意义的关系呢？)”提出一个问题，和爱人吵架后应该如何挽救这段关系。下文“If you are currently struggling to seek forgiveness, consider these crucial steps to apologize effectively.(如果你正在努力寻求原谅，考虑以下关键步骤来有效地道歉)”提到有一些有效道歉的方法，所以空处是回答上文的问题，吵架后应该道歉来寻求原谅，B项“一个关键的方法是学习如何道歉”符合语境，故选B。

【17题详解】

根据上文“To some it is almost equal to admitting defeat, and no one likes to lose.(对一些人来说，这几乎等于承认失败，没有人喜欢失败)”可知，一些人认为吵架后说“对不起”等于承认失败，结合下文“Instead, they may buy flowers or offer a back rub, convinced that surely this must be enough.(相反，他们可能会买花或为你按摩背部，因为他们确信这就足够了)”可知，这些人不想承认自己失败，他们不说“对不起”，反而通过买花或为你按摩背部来寻求原谅，C项“许多人试图避免说这出简短的这几个字”符合语境，故选C。

【18题详解】

空处是段落主题句，根据本段最后一句“Stop making excuses for yourself and your behavior and own up to your actions.(不要再为自己和自己的行为找借口，要勇于承认自己的行为)”可知，本段主要讲述不要为自己的行为找借口，要勇于承担责任，A项“为自己的错误承担责任”符合语境。故选A。

【19题详解】

本段第二句“This gesture is even more effective if it comes at some personal cost to you.(如果你付出了一些个人的代价，这种姿态会更有效)”提到，如果付出一些个人的代价，道歉会更有效，空前一句“So pay for that broken window with your allowance, buy your sister a new pair of headphones after a quarrel, or offer to help your partner with extra housework after arguments.(所以，用你的零用钱赔偿打碎的窗户，在争吵后给你的妹妹买一副新耳机，或者在争吵后帮助你的伴侣做额外的家务)”列举了一些付出个人代价的实际行为，所以会更容易获得原谅，F项“最后，你会在原谅的过程中更进一步”符合语境，故选F。

【20题详解】

下文“When you need more than it, extra work is needed to develop the relationship, like seeking professional advice from experts.(当你需要更多的时候，就需要额外的工作来发展关系，比如向专家寻求专业建议)”是描述道歉不起作用的情况下该怎么办，所以G项“有时候，道歉并不足以修复一段关系”符合语境，故选G。

第三部分：语言运用（共两节, 满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分）

阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

As temperatures dropped during the deadly New York blizzard(暴风雪), Jay Withey’s truck was running low on fuel so he was left ___21___ in Cheektowaga, New York, on December 23. Instead of waiting for rescue, he ___22___ : he decided to seek ___23___ by breaking one of the windows to get them inside as he began to ___24___ more people stuck outdoors with nowhere to go The school alarm went off, ___25___ police officials were unable to reach the school during the storm. He also left the front door open so others could make their way inside. Once inside, he opened the kitchen door and grabbed just the ___26___ food to feed people. The group ___27___ indoors for about 24 hours and left the next morning. As the storm ___28___ , Withey found a snowblower (吹雪机) inside the school and helped people dig out their cars. He ___29___ helping 24 people during the storm. Before leaving, he left a note ____30____ for breaking into the school and explaining his ____31____ .

On December 29 the police posted on their social media asking for help in seeking the hero, a man who assisted several people ____32____ the blizzard. They wanted to thank him for “his ____33____ actions that saved people’s lives.”

Of course, no ____34____ are expected to be made against Withey for bursting in. “The selflessness that people ____35____ is what western New York is really proud of,” concluded the Police spokesperson.

21. A. trapped B. buried C. occupied D. injured

22. A. stood still B. took action C. pulled in D. moved on

23. A. fortunate B. assistance C. direction D. shelter

24. A. wait B. meet C. gather D. choose

25. A. because B. though C. but D. and

26. A. necessary B. delicious C. fresh D. healthy

27. A. played B. suffered C. stayed D. hesitated

28. A. blew B. cleared C. burst D. raged

29. A. brought about B. called off C. carried out D. ended up

30. A. appreciating B. excusing C. apologizing D. applying

31. A. request B. situation C. change D. plan

32. A. beyond B. off C. through D. under

33. A. heroic B. deliberate C. secret D. united

34. A. complaints B. comments C. awards D. charges

35. A. cultivated B. recognized C. exhibited D. noticed

【答案】21. A    22. B    23. D    24. B    25. C    26. A    27. C    28. B    29. D    30. C    31. B    32. C    33. A    34. D    35. C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jay Withey因为燃料不足，又遭遇了暴风雪，被困在纽约约奇克托瓦加，他及时采取行动寻找庇护，同时帮助了另外24个人。临走前，他还留下一张纸条，为闯入学校道歉，并解释了自己的处境。

【21题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：12月23日，纽约遭遇致命暴风雪，气温骤降，Jay Withey的卡车燃料不足，他被困在纽约奇克托瓦加。A. trapped被困；B. buried埋葬；C. occupied占据；D. injured受伤。根据上文“Jay Withey's truck was running low on fuel so”可知，因为暴风雪以及燃烧不足，被困了。故选A。

【22题详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意：他没有等待救援，而是采取了行动:当他开始遇到更多被困在室外无处可去的人时，他决定通过打破一扇窗户来寻求庇护，让他们进去。A. stood still站着不动；B. took action采取行动；C. pulled in吸入；D. moved on继续。根据后文“by breaking one of the windows”可知，他开始采取行动。故选B。

【23题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：他没有等待救援，而是采取了行动:当他开始遇到更多被困在室外无处可去的人时，他决定通过打破一扇窗户来寻求庇护，让他们进去。A. fortunate运气；B. assistance帮助；C. direction方向；D. shelter庇护。根据后文“by breaking one of the windows”可知，他们打破窗户进入室内寻求庇护。故选D。

【24题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有等待救援，而是采取了行动:当他开始遇到更多被困在室外无处可去的人时，他决定通过打破一扇窗户来寻求庇护，让他们进去。A. wait等待；B. meet遇见；C. gather聚集；D. choose选择。根据后文“more people stuck outdoors with nowhere to go”指遇到更多被困在室外的人。故选B。

【25题详解】

考查连词词义辨析。句意：学校的警铃响了，但是警察在暴风雪中无法到达学校。A. because因为；B. though虽然；C. but但是；D. and并且。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，故选C。

【26题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一进去，他打开厨房的门，只拿了必要的食物来给人们吃。A. necessary必要的；B. delicious美味的；C. fresh新鲜的；D. healthy健康的。根据上文“he opened the kitchen door and grabbed just the”可知，闯入学校拿了必要的食物来吃。故选A。

【27题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：这群人在室内呆了大约24小时，第二天早上离开了。A. played玩耍；B. suffered遭受；C. stayed停留；D. hesitated犹豫。根据后文“indoors for about 24 hours and left the next morning”指他们在室内呆了大约24小时。故选C。

【28题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：当风暴散去时，威瑟在学校里找到了一台吹雪机，帮助人们挖出他们的汽车。A. blew吹；B. cleared清除；C. burst爆发；D. raged发怒。根据后文“Withey found a snowblower inside the school and helped people dig out their cars.”可知，挖出了汽车，说明风暴停了。故选B。

【29题详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意：他最终在暴风雪中帮助了24个人。A. brought about引起；B. called off取消；C. carried out实施；D. ended up最终。根据后文“helping 24 people during the storm”指他最终在暴风雪中帮助了24个人。故选D。

【30题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：临走前，他留下一张纸条，为闯入学校道歉，并解释了自己的处境。A. appreciating感激；B. excusing借口；C. apologizing道歉；D. applying申请。根据后文“for breaking into the school”可知是为闯入学校而道歉。故选C。

【31题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：临走前，他留下一张纸条，为闯入学校道歉，并解释了自己的处境。A. request要求；B. situation情况；C. change改变；D. plan计划。根据上文“explaining his”可知，纸条上解释了自己当时的处境。故选B。

【32题详解】

考查介词词义辨析。句意：12月29日，警方在社交媒体上发帖，寻求帮助寻找这位英雄，他曾在暴风雪中帮助了几人。A. beyond超过；B. off脱离；C. through通过；D. under在下面。根据后文“the blizzard”指帮助人们度过暴风雪，故选C。

【33题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们想感谢他“拯救人们生命的英雄行为”。A. heroic英雄的；B. deliberate故意的；C. secret秘密的；D. united团结的。根据后文“actions that saved people's lives”指拯救人们生命的英雄行为。故选A。

【34题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，Withey不会因为闯入而受到指控。A. complaints投诉；B. comments评论；C. awards奖励；D. charges控告。根据后文“against Withey for bursting in”指控告Withey闯入学校的行为。故选D。

【35题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：警方发言人总结说：“那人表现出的无私精神是纽约西部真正引以为豪的。”A. cultivated培育；B. recognized识别；C. exhibited展示；D. noticed注意到。根据上文“The selflessness that people”可知，这里指表现出的无私精神。故选C。

第Ⅱ卷

第三部分：语言运用（共两节, 满分30分）

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分）

阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

In the Hujiayuan community in Beijing, an old building that ___36___ (house) a boiler to heat apartments has been transformed to provide facilities, including a medical center for ___37___ elderly and a fitness center.

The boiler room site had been vacant since winter 2016, ___38___ heating pipelines(管道) in the community were taken over by the government. ___39___ (support) by the Beijing government, work on an improvement project began in 2017, and about 660 households have equally benefited. Lyu Yuhong, 73, who has lived in the community for more than 30 years, said the improvements have made her life much ___40___ (easy), as she can now visit a doctor and exercise in her neighborhood.

By the end of 2021, the government ___41___ (identify) 100 such projects in seven districts aimed at improving transportation, upgrading greenery work, and providing ___42___ (addition) public facilities to improve the quality of living. Liu Daizong, program director at the World Resources Institute, said it is vital to improve the living environment for ___43___ (resident) in Beijing. “Redesigning a street can change its appearance and make it more ___44___  (order), but after this work is done, vehicles may still occupy the street. The way you manage this is ___45___ (keep) the order of the street from the start by clarifying its functions.” Liu added.

【答案】36. housed   

37. the    38. when   

39. Supported   

40. easier    41. had identified   

42. additional   

43. residents   

44. orderly   

45. to keep

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了北京市政府日前公布的旨在提高居民生活水平、将空间还给公众的措施。

【36题详解】

考查一般过去时。句意：在北京的胡家园社区，一幢曾经有锅炉为公寓供暖的老建筑已经被改造为提供包括老年人医疗中心和健身中心在内的设施。分析句子可知，that引导定语从句，指代先行词building，在从句中作主语，空处是从句的谓语动词，结合“has been transformed to provide facilities”可知，从句是描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填housed。

【37题详解】

考查定冠词。句意同上。此处是考查“the+形容词”的用法，表示一类人，the elderly老年人。故填the。

【38题详解】

考查定语从句。句意：锅炉房的场地从2016年冬天开始空置，当时社区的供暖管道被政府接管。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是winter 2016，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when。故填when。

【39题详解】

考查过去分词。句意：在北京市政府的支持下，改善项目于2017年启动，约660户家庭受益。动词support和逻辑主语work之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作状语，首字母应大写。故填Supported。

【40题详解】

考查形容词比较级。句意：73岁的Lyu Yuhong已经在这个社区住了30多年，她说，这些改善让她的生活变得更容易了，因为她现在可以在附近看医生，锻炼身体。根据“as she can now visit a doctor and exercise in her neighborhood”及空前的much可知，此处应用形容词比较级作宾补，暗含与以前的比较，表示“她的生活变得更容易”，故填easier。

【41题详解】

考查过去完成时。句意：截至2021年底，政府已在7个地区确定了100个此类项目，旨在改善交通、升级绿化工作、提供额外的公共设施以提高生活质量。根据时间状语“By the end of 2021”可知，此处表示在过去某一时间前就已经完成的动作，故填had identified。

【42题详解】

考查形容词。句意同上。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词facilities，additional额外的，形容词。故填additional。

【43题详解】

考查名词复数。句意：世界资源研究所项目主任Liu Daizong表示，改善北京居民的生活环境至关重要。resident居民，可数名词，结合空后的“in Beijing”可知，此处应用复数形式，故填residents。

【44题详解】

考查形容词。句意：重新设计街道可以改变它的外观，使它更有秩序，但在这项工作完成后，车辆可能仍然占据街道。空处应填形容词作宾补，orderly整齐的，有秩序的，形容词。故填orderly。

【45题详解】

考查动词不定式。句意：“处理这一问题的方法是从一开始就通过明确其功能来保持街道的秩序。”Liu说。此处应填动词不定式作表语，说明主语的具体内容。故填to keep。

第四部分：写作（共两节, 满分40分）

第一节：应用文写作（满分15分）

46. 假定你是校英语俱乐部负责人李华，俱乐部将于下周二播放题为“Role Models Around Us”的英语纪录片，请你写封邮件告知交换生Stephen并邀请他到时观看。内容包括：

1. 纪录片介绍；

2. 播出时间及地点。

注意：

1. 写作词数应为80左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Stephen,

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

【答案】Dear Stephen,

    I’m writing to invite you to watch a documentary named Role Models Around Us, which will be shown in the City Library from 9 a.m. to 11 a.m. this Sunday.

It's said that this documentary is in Chinese, with English subtitles. Moreover, the role models in China will be talked about in the documentary, as well as the important role they play as a national heroes. I'm sure that this documentary will contribute a lot to your understanding of Chinese role models.

Looking forward to your reply.

Yours,

Li Hua

【解析】

【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是校英语俱乐部负责人李华，俱乐部将于下周二播放题为“Role Models Around Us”英语纪录片，请你写封邮件告知交换生Stephen并邀请他到时观看。

【详解】1.词汇积累

此外：moreover→besides

展示：show→display

有助于：contribute to→be conducive to

重要的：important→essential

2.句式拓展

简单句变复合句

原句：It's said that this documentary is in Chinese, with English subtitles.

拓展句：It's said that this documentary is in Chinese which has English subtitles.

【点睛】[高分句型1]I’m writing to invite you to watch a documentary named Role Models Around Us, which will be shown in the City Library from 9 a.m. to 11 a.m. this Sunday. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)

[高分句型2] I'm sure that this documentary will contribute a lot to your understanding of Chinese role models. (运用了that引导宾语从句)

第二节：读后续写（满分25分）

47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Ben raced out of school. Christmas holidays! When he got home he went to check on his pony, Scout. He slipped him a candy, and Scout nuzzled（用口鼻轻擦）his shoulder. Ben started toward the house and found his older brother Jack starting the snowmobile（雪地机动车）to deliver gas to Uncle Mike. Ben jumped on the back and joined him.

They set of slowly. The snow was fresh and deep on the remote mountain path. When they arrived, Jack went over with the gas can. Ben looked up the mountain and saw something moving. He got binoculars（望远镜）and saw two animals. Could it be a horse? Jack climbed back on the snowmobile and asked Ben to leave. When Ben told Jack he saw horses up in the snowy trees, Jack didn't believe it. Ben looked back up the mountain, but he couldn't see anything.

At dinner Ben told his father he saw two horses up on the mountain today. “If they are horses, they must be trapped by all this snow." said his dad. "If they're trapped, we have to do something," said Ben, his voice rising.

His dad looked at Jack. "Well, in the morning go and take a look. Take the gun and some hay（干草）. If they look as if they can survive, give them the hay. If not…"Jack looked serious, and slowly nodded. Ben knew what the gun was for, and his chest went cold.

In the morning, they set off in the cold snow. When they got to the place where Ben had seen the horses, they stopped and looked up using binoculars. No horses. They waited for a few minutes.

"I see them. They' re horses. Let's take the snowmobile up there. "Ben suddenly exclaimed. They drove the snowmobile in the deep snow and finally reached the place. "Oh no!" said Ben "They're starving!" One of the horses had lost a lot of hair, and their tails were almost gone. Their eyes were lifeless and tired.

Paragraph 1: Jack walked around the horses.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2: The two brothers went from door to door asking everyone to come and help.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】Paragraph 1: Jack walked around the horses.Jack sighed and picked up the gun, pointing to the poor dying horse. One horse turned and looked at him and made a soft little noise. “We should try,” pleaded Ben. He walked around the horses again, patting on the neck of the big brown one, which made a sad, small groaning sound. Ben quickly got the hay off the back of the snowmobile and spread it around in piles. The horses ate hungrily, and Ben poured water into a pail for them. With one more pat to each horse, Jack and Ben climbed on the snowmobile and drove back down the mountain as quickly as they could to report their news.

Paragraph 2: The two brothers went from door to door asking everyone to come and help.They went from the hardware store to the gas station, where they put notices up asking for help. Then they took the snowmobile back up the mountain with more hay and water and some warm blankets. The horses seemed happy to see them. They worked for hours but only made a small dent in the snow. “This is hopeless,” said Jack. He leaned on his shovel and wiped his dripping nose. “Let’s go home. No one is going to help.” “We can’t give up,” said Ben. But his fingers were frozen, and his nose felt numb. Suddenly, a group of snowmobilers arrived with shovels and hot chocolate. They had followed Ben and Jack’s tracks up the trail. They tried everything they could to help the horse to stand up. With the effort of everyone around, the horses finally struggled to their feet. Unity is strength.

 

【解析】

【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Ben和Jack发现了雪山上被困住的两匹马，并且想尽办法解救它们的故事。

【详解】1. 段落续写：

①由第一段首句“杰克绕着马走。”可知，第一段可描写Jack和Ben来到山上观察马的情况，以及解救马时的困难。

②由第二段首句“他们挨家挨户地请求人们过来帮忙”，第二段可描写Jack和Ben找到帮手后解救了马的情节。

2. 词汇激活

行为类：

①恳求：plead/pray for/beg

②展开：spread/extend

③擦拭：wipe/eliminate

情绪类：

①伤心的：sad/gloomy

②开心的：happy/delighted

③饥饿地：hungrily/eagerly

【点睛】【高分句型1】 He walked around the horses again, patting on the neck of the big brown one, which made a sad, small groaning sound.（which引导的非限制性定语从句）

【高分句型2】They went from the hardware store to the gas station, where they put notices up asking for help. （where引导的非限制性定语从句）