专题 02 阅读理解 （说明文） --新高考八省名校联考高一英语期末试题汇编

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专题 02 阅读理解（说明文）
--2023年新高考八省名校联考高一英语期末试题汇编
（原卷版）

1.【重庆市西南大学附属中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期中试题】
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely leading to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned(有身体条件的)athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing (摆 动)and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says. According to most data, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里)per hour, which is about twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1, 000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not hit the body as hard as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1. 4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries connected with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place much stress on the ankles (脚 踝) and hips (臀部), so people with a history of such injuries might want to be careful in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first communicate with a coach or experienced racer to learn proper skills, she says. It takes some practice.
8．Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?
A．They must run long distances.
B．They do well in the marathon.
C．They have to follow special rules.
D．They are good at swinging their legs.
9．What advantage does race walking have over running?
A．It’s more popular at the Olympics.
B．It’s less challenging physically.
C．It’s more effective in body building.
D．It’s less likely to cause knee injuries.
10．What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking?
A．Getting experts’ opinions.
B．Having a medical examination.
C．Employing an experienced coach.
D．Doing regular exercises.
11．Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking?
A．Puzzled. B．Careful. C．Supportive. D．Worried.

2.【重庆市南开中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期中试题】
Passage 1
A Japanese company recently released a white crust (吐司皮) milk bread that it hopes will stop the habit of removing the crust when making sandwiches.
Did you know that the vast majority of milk bread sandwiches made daily in Japan have their crusts removed? Although crusted sandwich lovers do exist, the general idea is that the fluffy (蓬松的), white part of Japanese bread is tastier than the brown crust. This concept dates back to a time long ago when the crust was harder to chew (咀嚼) through, but things are definitely a lot different today. The crust is nice and soft, but people still seem to prefer crustless sandwiches. That results in a lot of food waste, but one company hopes to change that with a new white crust bread.
Tokyo Chef Sugimoto and his team at the Imperial Hotel Co., Ltd. spent six months developing a new type of bread that eliminates the need to get rid of the crust. People have been coming up with all sorts of ways to recycle bread crusts in order to control food waste, but Sugimoto’s idea was to create a crust that didn’t have to be thrown away in the first place.
Although Imperial Hotel did not fully reveal the secret behind its new white crust bread, it did mention that it is baked slowly at a lower temperature than regular bread, which results in a white color all through the bread and a more moist texture (材质).
Imperial Hotel used to serve crustless milk bread sandwiches to its customers, but starting on October 1st of this year, they will switch to this new white crust bread, thus decreasing its food waste considerably.
The white crust bread will be served in the Imperial Hotel’s restaurants and at banquets, but people will also be able to purchase it from a luxury bakery that has been operating since 1971.
28．What makes people always prefer crustless sandwiches?
A．Changed taste. B．Nice colors. C．Soft texture. D．Fixed habits.
29．What does the underlined word “eliminate” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Enlarge. B．Satisfy. C．Erase. D．Ignore.
30．What can we learn from the text?
A．The white part is tastier but harder to chew. B．Chef Sugimoto is the first one to recycle crusts.
C．The regular bread asks for a higher temperature. D．The Hotel will serve crustless sandwiches after October.
31．Why did the Imperial Hotel promote the white crust bread?
A．To satisfy customers’ needs. B．To deal with the bread waste.
C．To develop a new type of bread. D．To provide a new option for luxury bakeries.
Passage 2
Now researchers have found that humans produce a different odor (气味) when under pressure — and dogs can sniff it out. While previous studies have suggested dogs might notice human emotions, possibly through smell, questions remained over whether they could detect stress and if this could be done through smell.
Wilson, head of one research team, pointed the findings could prove useful when training service dogs, such as those that support people with PTSD (创伤后应激障碍). “They’re often trained to look at someone either crouching down on the floor, crying out in fear, or starting to do self-injurious behaviors,” said Wilson. The latest study, she said, offers another potential clue.
Wilson and colleagues trained four dogs to identify the container holding a particular breath and sweat sample, even when the containers included unused gauze (纱布), samples from another person, or samples from the same person taken at a different time of day. After the team is confident that the dogs understood the approach, they turned to collect breath and sweat samples collected from 36 people asked to count backwards from 9,000 in units of 17, and the participants reported feeling stressed.
Later, the dogs were taught to pick out samples taken just after the task. The researchers then tested whether the dogs could do the same with samples taken from the same participant just before the task, when they were more relaxed. Each set of samples was shown to a single dog in 20 trials.
The results reveal that the dogs chose the “stressed” sample in 675 out of the 720 trials. It was pretty amazing to see how smoothly the dogs act in telling people these two samples definitely different.
32．Why did Wilson and colleagues do such an experiment?
A．To train service dogs for people with PTSD． B．To confirm dogs can smell out stressed people.
C．To prove dogs could recognize human emotions. D．To help people understand how stressed they are.
33．The service dogs will usually provide help when someone ________.
A．hurts himself B．lies on the bed C．produces an odor D．screams in excitement
34．Which order does the experiment follow?
a. To train dogs to pick out the particular container.
b. To show each set of samples to a single dog in 20 trials.
c. To collect samples from participants when they are stressed out.
d. To ask participants to count backwards from 9,000 in units of 17.
A．a-d-c-b B．a-c-d-b C．c-a-d-b D．c-a-b-d
35．What’s the author’s attitude towards the finding?
A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Uncertain. D．Neutral.

3.【辽宁省实验中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期中试卷】
The piping plover is already one of the most endangered birds in the Great Lakes area of the northern United States. Now, the rising water levels of Lake Michigan further threaten the birds and the areas where they live.
Pools of water are forming behind several plover nests along Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lake shore in the state of Michigan. The waters of Lake Michigan are now only a few meters from the plovers’ nesting area. Their home could be one storm away from destruction.
Vince Cavalieri works with the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. He told the AP that the high water levels put plovers in more danger than most other bird groups. That is because the areas where they live have been disappearing. He added that some nests on the Canadian side of the Great Lakes also have been swept away.
The Great Lakes generally rise with the melting snow and rainstorms of spring, and fall during the drier Summer months. However, some scientists believe climate change is causing more changes in water levels. In a recent report, researchers Drew Gronewold and Richard Rood said, “Quick changes between extreme high and low water levels in the Great Lakes represent the ‘new normal.’”
If that is true, the piping plovers could be at greater risk. Their numbers already have dropped because of shoreline development. The federal government lists the birds as threatened in the northern Great Plains and along the Atlantic coast.
Recovery projects are helping, however. In 2017, officials counted 76 breeding pairs of plovers. Last year, they counted 67. Cavalieri of the fish and wildlife service expects to see similar numbers this year. Most of this year’s plover eggs will hatch by the end of June.
4．How does the author demonstrate the severity of the piping plover’s living conditions?
A．By making comparison. B．By listing detailed evidence.
C．By giving examples. D．By making predictions.
5．Why are plovers more endangered than most other birds?
A．They are too sensitive to climate changes.
B．Their nests are not strong enough to stand a storm.
C．The federal government thinks little of protecting plovers.
D．Their habitats are greatly destroyed due to the rising water levels.
6．What could put the piping plover in a greater danger?
A．Their homes are disappearing rapidly.
B．Their numbers are decreasing dramatically.
C．The shoreline development is swift and unavoidable.
D．The extreme changes in water levels will occur frequently.
7．What is Vince Cavalieri’s attitude towards the future of the piping plover?
A．Suspicious. B．Concerned.
C．Optimistic. D．Objective.

4.【辽宁省大连市二十四中2022-2023学年高一上学期期中试题】
Passage 1
Now you can have polar bears as pen friends. First you need to find one, then tranquilize (麻醉) it and quickly give it the necessary tools before it wakes up. It’s an awkward first encounter—how many friendships do you know that start with tranquilizers? —and admittedly a one-sided correspondence, but soon they’ll be sending messages daily.
Every morning, Jon Aars, a senior researcher at the Norwegian Polar Institute, receives a bunch of emails from several female polar bears, letting him know where they are. Each year, Aars and his colleagues fit around 70 polar bears with a tracking collar which continuously logs movement. Once a day the collar sends the last 24 hours of data back to the Institute.
“Data about movement has been very important to understand how they might respond to climate change.” Aars explains.
A warming climate means a vast amount of sea ice is melting. Several seal species—polar bears’ main food—rely on sea ice, and more often than not, so do polar bears. As a result, polar bears will spend more time on land and look for different options. Aars explains. “They hunt reindeer and they will take more birds and eggs. We have seen that bears are in different areas than they used to be—so much further north.”
The collar can also record body temperature, which can tell scientists if a bear has moved inside a habitat—an indication that the animal is going to give birth. Sea ice loss is also having an impact on where polar bears are born. “Important areas that they used to go to give birth to cubs (幼兽) are more or less lost,” says Aars. “Bears are now swimming as far as 200 kilometers to reach an island habitat,” he adds, “something they did not need to do 20 years ago.”
Aars hopes his research could reveal how to help his pen friends hold out a little longer. “Changes are so significant and so fast; we will reach some stage in the future where it will get much harder to be a polar bear in Svalbard.”
8．What does the underlined word “correspondence” in paragraph 1 possibly mean?
A．Communication. B．Agreement. C．Performance. D．Control.
9．What is the function of the collar?
A．It prevents polar bears from being attacked.
B．It allows researchers to detect the melting sea ice.
C．It makes it easier for polar bears to search for food.
D．It helps researchers to monitor polar bears’ activities.
10．What can we infer from paragraph 4?
A．Polar bears can easily adapt to climate change.
B．Polar bears are living in tough conditions.
C．The collar helps polar bears give birth to curbs.
D．Polar bears swim hard to find their old habitats.
11．What is Aars’ attitude towards the future of polar bears in Svalbard?
A．Optimistic. B．Tolerant. C．Uncaring. D．Concerned.

Passage 2
Palaces are known for their beauty and splendor, but they offer little protection against attacks. It is easy to defend a fortress (要塞), but usually fortresses are not designed with the comfort of a king in mind. When it comes to structures that are both beautiful and defensive,the European castle is a big success.
Castles were originally built in England by the Normans in 1066. They built towers and walls to secure the land they had taken. These castles provided the Normans with a quiet and safe place. They also served as bases of operation for attacks. In this way castles served both defensive and offensive roles. Besides, castles served as offices for governors. Those that were socially beneath the governor would come to report affairs and express their respect. They would address problems, handle business, feast, and enjoy festivities in castles. So castles served as social centers as well.
The first castles were made from earth and wood, and they were likely to suffer from attacks by fire. Then wooden castles were gradually replaced by stone, which greatly increased the strength of these towers and walls. However, attackers could throw flaming objects into castles through the windows or burn the wooden doors. This led to moving the windows and entrances off the ground floor and up to the first floor to make them more difficult to access.
During the Middle Ages, attacks increased in regularity, so castle defenses were updated. Arrow-slits were added. They were small holes in the castle, which allowed defenders to fire without being hurt. Towers were built from which defenders could provide fire on both sides. The towers were connected to the castle by wooden bridges, so that if one tower fell, the rest of the castle was still easy to defend. A lot of rings of castle walls were constructed, so that even if attackers went past one wall, they would be caught on a killing ground between inner and outer walls. All of these increased the defense of castles.
The end of castles can be attributed(归因于) to gunpowder. During the 15th century, artillery(炮), a kind of large guns, became powerful enough to break through stone walls. This greatly made the role of castles less effective. Though castles no longer serve their original purposes, remaining castles receive millions of visitors each year who wish to experience the situations of ancient times.
12．The author introduces the topic of the text by .
A．making a guess B．making a comparison
C．giving an example D．providing data
13．The reason why wooden castles were replaced by stone castles was that .
A．stone castles cost less money
B．stone castles offered better defense
C．wooden castles were uncomfortable
D．wooden castles took a long time to build
14．Which of the following showed an improvement in castle defenses?
A．Castles were totally separated by stones.
B．Arrow-slits were made in large quantities.
C．Rings of walls were built to defend the towers.
D．Windows and entrances were moved to the higher floor.
15．What is the best title of the passage?
A．Fancy Living: Learning about Castles
B．Normans: Bringing Castles to England
C．A History of Castles: The Rise and Fall of Castles
D．Defending Castles: Technologies Used to Defend Castles

5.【江苏省常州一中2022-2023学年高一上学期期中试题】
Over the past few months, people in the United States have been watching some unusual television advertisements (广告). They are unusual because they advertise a product that no American uses now or is likely to use in the future.
The advertisements show that a product called golden rice will help prevent blindness in millions of children.
None of these children live in the United States. They live in countries where white rice forms the main part of the diet. Too much white rice without other food causes lack of vitamin A．This can lead to blindness.
Golden rice has been developed to solve this problem through genetic (基因的) engineering. As well as TV advertisements, most news media carried stories on this great scientific development that would help some of the poorest children in the world.
It could also save the science of genetic engineering. People in Europe and America have learned more about genetically modified (转基因的) food over the past few years. And the more they learn, the less they like what they hear. People like science. And people like to eat food. But they would like the two things kept separate.
The truth is that a child would have to eat 9 kilograms of golden rice every day to get enough vitamin A．And Gordon Conway of the Rockefeller Foundation, which helped the development of golden rice, says that the advertisements have gone too far.
Perhaps the main purpose of golden rice is to get people to accept genetically modified food. The TV advertisements sent a very clear message—if you don’t accept this technology then poor children will go blind. It cost US $50 million to get that message across. That would buy a lot of food for poor children.
What do the people who are said to benefit from golden rice think of being part of this great scientific and social argument? Nobody knows. Nobody has asked them.
8．Why do you think children in the USA need no golden rice?
A．They do more bad than good to children. B．It is genetically modified food.
C．They don’t treat it as staple food. D．There isn’t enough vitamin A in it.
9．What is the main reason why golden rice is advertised in the USA?
A．Golden rice will prevent blindness in children.
B．People have not accepted genetically modified food.
C．People know little about genetically modified food.
D．Golden rice is the first genetically modified food.
10．According to the text, what kind of food do people in Europe and America like best?
A．Food that is rich in vitamin A．
B．Food produced with no help from science.
C．Food produced in the third countries.
D．Food produced through genetic engineering.
11．What is the author’s opinion of the TV advertisements?
A．They are not that useful. B．They need improvement.
C．They are unbelievably practical. D．They are put in a wrong place.

6.【湖南省名校联考联合体2022-2023学年高一上学期12月试题】

Passage 1
Do you like to keep fit? We’re always told that regular exercise is good for our body and mind. More and more people are taking up activities that improve their fitness. But is there a risk that some of us might get obsessed (着迷的) and overdo it?
Well, for some people, fitness has become an obsession as they aim for perfection. And fitness trackers and apps can add to this addiction, especially if someone is driven by achievement and perfectionism. And sharing data on social media means exercising becomes public and competitive, which could cause problems in someone who is vulnerable (脆弱的). Experts say this can lead to a medical condition called orthorexia nervosa, or addiction to healthy eating and over-exercise. Untreated, it can lead to malnutrition and mental health complications.
Too much exercise can also take its toll on someone’s physical health as well. Symptoms of over-exercising include injuries such as a broken leg and a low immune system. So how much exercise is too much? Researches found the ideal pace to jog was about eight kilometers per hour-and that it was best to jog no more than three times a week or for 2.5 hours in total, showing that moderate jogging is possibly more beneficial than being inactive or undertaking strenuous (剧烈的) jogging.
If you’re more of a couch potato than a sprinter, this might sound like good news. But for amateur athletes who can’t help but push their bodies to the limit, the advice from Martin Turner, a sports and exercise psychologist, is, “It’s all about letting go, not being obsessed, learning not to control everything, saying, “You don’t need to be perfect.”
4．What contributes most to people’s addiction to over-exercise according to paragraph 2?
A．Their urge for social support.
B．Their pursuit of perfectionism.
C．Their addiction to fitness apps.
D．Their concern over health issues.
5．What does the underlined phrase “take its toll” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Having a bad effect.
B．Going hand in hand.
C．Making little difference.
D．Playing an important role.
6．What is the passage mainly about?
A．The risk of fitness obsession.
B．The importance of mental health.
C．The benefits of moderate jogging.
D．The symptoms of over-exercising.
7．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A．Science. B．Opinion. C．Culture. D．Lifestyle.

Passage 2
Cuckoos (布谷鸟) are masters of cheating. When it comes to raising young, they don’t spend the energy building a nest (鸟巢), protecting eggs or feeding children. Instead the female passes these roles on to other birds. They don’t raise their own young. Usually, they lay their eggs in the nests of other birds, fooling other birds into thinking the cuckoo eggs are theirs.
To succeed in doing this, a female cuckoo watches over her chosen nest to observe feeding times. When the host parent leaves its nest in search of food, the cuckoo quickly lays her eggs among those already in the nest. Sometimes, she will even destroy and remove one of the host’s eggs to make room for her own.
Cuckoos are medium-sized birds with long tails, and often have gray or brown backs. When they hatch (孵化) and begin to grow in a host’s nest, the difference between the two can be obvious to an onlooker. Often the cuckoo is twice the size of its foster parents, but still continues to receive food from them.
The cuckoo imposter (冒名顶替者) is usually the only baby bird that the host parent has to care for. This is because when the cuckoo hatches after around 11 days, it gets rid of all the other eggs in the nest. It will lift each egg onto its back before throwing them one by one over the edge of the nest. Even then, the non-biological parent will continue to treat it as one of its own.
Also, cuckoos have developed to produce eggs that are similar in color to their main hosts’. This reduces the chances of eggs being attacked. Female cuckoos have been known to take host birds’ attention away after laying their eggs by producing a noise similar to Eurasian sparrowhawks, scaring birds away from returning to the nest and allowing time for the cuckoo to make her escape unnoticed.
12．What do mother cuckoos usually do when it comes to raising their young?
A．Attend to eggs. B．Build a new nest. C．Rely on other birds. D．Learn feeding skills.
13．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Other cuckoos. B．Baby cuckoos. C．Its host parents. D．Its birth parents.
14．What can be inferred about the cuckoo imposter?
A．It usually hatches out earlier than the other eggs in the nest.
B．It throws all the other eggs out of nests with its mother’s help.
C．It often makes a noise to scare other birds away from the nest.
D．It looks much larger than other eggs in the nest before hatching.
15．Which can be the best title for the text?
A．How cuckoos fool other birds B．How cuckoos protect their children
C．How cuckoos destroy others’ nests D．How cuckoos produce eggs in host nests

7.【湖南师范大学附中2022-2023年高一上学期期中试题】
If you’re planning to go on a diet, or if you suffer from serious conditions like diabetes. Knowing exactly what and how much you’re eating is essential. In this day and age, we have calorie and nutrition calculators even on our smartphones, but they act only as guides, whereas a famous company’s revolutionary new device, CaloRieco, actually analyzes the food on your plate and provides accurate information in just a few seconds.
You’ve probably used caloric calculators before, and you know that they only offer general information. For example, a calculator will tell you the average number of calories in a hamburger. but it can’t tell you exactly how many calories are in the hamburger. The same goes for nutrients like protein or fat. And this is what makes the new CaloRieco so special.
The spokesman for the company said that its outstanding invention is aimed at dieters and diabetes sufferers, both of whom make up a sizable market. Displayed at a recent tech show, CaloRieco is a high-tech device that uses light reflection technology to determine the nutritional values of almost any food and also provide accurate calorie estimates. All you have to do is put your plate in the box-shaped device and wait between 10 and 20 seconds for it to analyze all the food.
Once it’s done analyzing the various ingredients in your meal, CaloRieco shows the number of calories, as well as the nutritional content on an LED display. According to the company the device is able to recognize the vast majority of foods, except soups and very dark dishes.
CaloRieco can also connect to your smartphone via an app, and send all the data about analyzed foods to your handheld device, so you can access it whenever you need.
Unfortunately, you’ll have to wait a bit longer to get your hands on your very own CaloRieco, as the device presented at the show is just a prototype(样机) which needs to be improved. It’s expected to be a hit in the next few years, but the price remains a mystery.
8．What is the advantage of CaloRieco?
A．It uses light reflection technology
B．It offers general information of food.
C．It is a high-tech device working as a guide.
D．It can present the exact calorie of analyzed food.
9．According to the text, CaloRicco _________.
A．needs a long time to analyze the food.
B．can show the food data on the smartphone directly
C．can count the calories of all foods on your plate.
D．may be well received among dieters and diabetes sufferers
10．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A．The smartphone. B．The app C．The data. D．The food.
11．What can we infer about CaloRieco from the last paragraph?
A．It’s perfect. B．It’s promising. C．It’s costly. D．It’s available.

8.【湖北华中师范大学附中2022-2023学高一上学期期中试题】
Identical Twins Kathy and Sophie arrived at college last year and determined to strike out on independent paths, so they had requested rooms in different dorms. While Kathy got along with her roommate, Sophie was miserable. She and her roommate silently warred over matters ranging from when the lights should be turned off to how the furniture should be arranged. Finally, they divided the room in two and gave up on oral communication. During this time, Sophie kept seeking comfort from Kathy. Before long, the two wanted to live together again. Sophie’s roommate eventually agreed to move out.
Sophie’s ability to solve her dilemma by rooming with her identical twin is unusual, but the conflict she faced is not. Most roommate conflicts spring from such small, annoying differences rather than from grand disagreements over abstract principles. One person likes quiet, while the other person spends two hours a day practicing the trumpet. One eats only organically(有机地) produced vegetables and loves animals, while the other likes wearing fur and enjoys cutting up frogs in biology class.
When personalities don’t mix, the excitement of being away at college can quickly fade away. Moreover, roommates can affect each other’s psychological health. A recent study reports that depression in college roommates is often passed from one person to another.
Many schools have started conflict resolution programs to calm tensions that otherwise can build up like a volcano preparing to explode, finally resulting in physical violence. Some colleges have resorted to “roommate contracts” that all new students fill out and sign after attending a lecture on roommate relations. Students detail behavioral guidelines for their room, including acceptable hours for study and sleep, a policy for use of each other’s possessions. Some schools try to head off the feud before it begins by using computerized matching. Students are put together on the basis of their responses to housing form questions.
8．Why is the twins’ story mentioned?
A．To describe college life.
B．To reveal the relationship of the twins.
C．To show the love between the sisters.
D．To present the phenomenon of roommate conflicts.
9．What is the cause of most conflicts among roommates?
A．They have opposite mindsets. B．They argue over serious matters.
C．They differ greatly in life values. D．They hold different preferences in some way.
10．What does the underlined word “feud” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Difference. B．Quarrel. C．Competition. D．Test.
11．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．Identical Twins Living Together Again in Colleges
B．Roommate Conflicts, Common and Unavoidable?
C．Roommate Contracts, Useful in Solving Conflicts?
D．Roommate Conflicts Affecting Students’ Psychology

9.【河北省石家庄二中2022-2023学年度高一年级上学期期中试题】
Technology use seems to be the new wave of addiction hitting people of all ages. The next time you’re in a crowded public place, look at the people around you. It’s hard to find someone who isn’t glued to the tiny screen, fingers moving at lightning speeds, texting their friends, emailing co-workers or listening to music. It may seem ridiculous (荒谬的) that someone is that addicted to such a small object. I’ve seen people who seem to be at their wits’ end if their phone has been taken away, lost or left at home.
Some people may ask, “What’s wrong with technology use? It’s a way for people to communicate.” While this is true, the overuse of technology isn’t always suitable in certain settings. Schools are becoming stricter about the use of mobile phones, iPods and other electronics in classrooms. Various workplaces have signs hanging on their walls warning employees that “Mobile phone use is not permitted.”
Electronics may be a way for people to communicate and stay in touch with each other, but the disadvantages may outweigh the benefits. People are losing the ability to hold face-to-face conversations with others.
However, it’s hard to avoid electronics in this day and age because almost everything is turning into an electronic format. Books, originally meant for paper design, are now being transferred (转存) to electronic forms. Photo albums, and even yearbooks, can now be viewed via the Internet. With this growing trend (趋势), future generations certainly become even more addicted to technology.
Is there a cure for electronic addiction? Simply turning electronics off for an hour or two a day may help to an extent, but it will not completely overcome electronic addiction. There only seems to be one cure left, and it may be the hardest: self-control.
16．What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?
A．Addiction to smart phones. B．The popularity of smart phones.
C．Bad behaviors in public places. D．Changes brought by technology.
17．What does the underlined phrase “at their wits’ end” in paragraph I probably mean?
A．At a disadvantage. B．At a loss. C．Out of the way. D．Out of control.
18．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．The benefits of smart phones. B．The future trend of smart phones.
C．Reasons for technology addiction. D．The negative impacts of smart phone addiction.
19．What advice does the author give in the text?
A．Focus on other activities. B．Stay away from smart phones.
C．Develop and improve self-control. D．Change the habits of smart phone use.

10.【福建省德化一中、永安一中、漳平一中三校协作2022-2023学年高一12月联考】
Engineers and scientists at the University of Texas at Austin have developed a unique solution to help people in these areas get clean drinking water.
They developed a low-cost gel film(凝胶膜) that can pull water from the air in even the driest climate. Just one kilogram of gel can absorb up to six liters of water in a dry climate. For those living in a climate with relative humidity(潮湿), one kilogram of gel can collect up to 13 liters of water a day. As the gel is so inexpensive and easy to make, it may offer a way of providing drinking water to countries with water shortages.
Previously, researchers have harvested fresh water from fog and dew, but that only serves areas with high humidity. Other attempts at pulling water from desert air consume lots of energy and do not produce much. In fact, this gel is a big improvement from previous water harvesting technologies. The maximum water harvested has been 5.87 liters in places with relative humidity. This new gel doubles this amount, uses no energy and is simple to operate and it can be molded into a shape or size that best suits the user.
“This new work is about practical solutions that people can use to get water in the hottest, driest places on Earth,” said Guihua Yu, professor at the Cockrell School of Engineering. “This could allow millions of people without consistent access to drinking water to have simple, water generating devices(取水装置)at home that they can easily operate.”
“This is not something you need an advanced degree to use,” the paper’s lead author, Youhong “Nancy” Guo said. “It’s straightforward enough that anyone can make it at home if they have the materials.” Scientists are planning on making a thicker gel that will increase the production, making this technology a practicable solution to drought.
28．What do we know about the gel film from paragraph 2?
A．It can increase the humidity of the air.
B．It can harvest drinking water from the air.
C．It has been widely applied in desert areas.
D．It costs lots of money and energy to produce.
29．What is Guihua Yu’s attitude towards the new water-harvesting method?
A．Indifferent. B．Skeptical.
C．Disapproving. D．Hopeful.
30．What does the underlined word “straightforward” in last paragraph mean?
A．easy. B．straight. C．frank . D．cheap
31．What will scientists plan to do next?
A．Develop a thicker gel.
B．Produce the gel on a large scale.
C．Raise money for further research.
D．Teach people to make the gel at home.