2022-2023学年辽宁省鞍山市第一中学高三上学期第二次模拟（月考）考试（月考）英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年辽宁省鞍山市第一中学高三上学期第二次模拟（月考）考试（月考）英语试题含解析，共23页。试卷主要包含了5 分，满分 7等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022-2023学年高三(23届)二模
英语科试卷
本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
第 I 卷
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How did the man go to Canada?
A. By air. B. By train. C. In Fred’s car.
2. What does the woman think of drawing?
A. It’s meaningless. B. It’s easy. C. It’s difficult.
3. How does the woman respond?
A. She is angry. B. She is satisfied. C. She forgives the man.
4. What does the man grow?
A. Flowers. B. Vegetables. C. Fruits.
5. How does the girl probably feel about her job?
A. Bored and tired. B. Interested and excited.
C. Relaxed and relieved.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白仅读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第 6、7 题。
6. What time does the shop close on the weekends?
A. 8:00 p.m. B. 9:00 p.m. C. 10:00 p.m.
7. When will the sale end?
A. Tonight. B. This weekend. C. At the end of the month.
听下面一段对话，回答第 8、9 题。
8. Where does the woman spend three weeks?
A. In Italy. B. In Greece. C. In Switzerland.
9. What does the woman have to declare?
A. Rum B. Meat. C. Plants.
听下面一段对话,回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. Where most probably are the speakers?
A. In New Orleans. B. In New York. C. In Tokyo.
11. What company does the man work with?
A. A trading company. B. A newspaper. C. A bookstore.
12. How long did the woman stay in Tokyo last time?
A. Two years. B. A month. C. A week.
听下面一段对话，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. What does the man particularly want to see?
A. Westminster Abbey. B. The British Museum. C. London Tower.
14. What does the woman suggest seeing immediately after lunch?
A. St. Paul’s. B. British Museum. C. Westminster Abbey.
15. When does the bus stop at Hyde Park Hotel?
A. At 5:30. B. At 8:30. C. At 9:50.
16. Where probably is the man from?
A. The US. B. Britain. C. Japan.
听下面一段对话，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17 Who had locked the door?
A. Kim. B. Sanderson. C. The woman.
18. Who was knocked down by the stranger?
A. Ray B. Mike. C. The woman.
19. Whose was the suitcase?
A. The stranger’s. B. Tony’s. C. Sanderson’s.
20. What did the woman find in the suitcase?
A. Sonic microfilm. B. A letter. C. A camera.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节：(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Community colleges offer low tuition, job-specific training and other benefits. Whether you’re a high school student unsure of which colleges to apply to or someone considering going back to school, there are plenty of reasons to put community colleges on your list.
Lower Costs
The most frequently cited benefit of community colleges is the relatively low cost of attendance. According to data from the College Board, community colleges cost, on average, about one-third of in-state tuition at four-year public universities.
A Path to a Four-year College
Many four-year universities have transfer agreements with local community colleges. These agreements allow students who complete specific requirements to easily transfer into a four-year program at a nearby university. Transfer students can then earn a bachelor’s degree while only having to pay two years of higher tuition.
Flexibility
Community colleges allow for flexible scheduling making them a particularly good option for older students who are working professionals or parents. Many community colleges also allow high school students to take college-level courses during evenings or weekends.
Workforce Training
Community colleges tend to offer a wide range of career and technical education programs in fields like nursing or firefighting. The highly applied nature of these programs prepares students for entering the workforce. From culinary (烹饪) arts to automobile mechanics, community colleges offer a broad selection of professionalized coursework that four-year universities often do not.
1. Who are most likely to attend community colleges?
A. High school students facing college choices.
B. Adults planning to work at high schools.
C. College students anxious to improve themselves.
D. Professionals eager for college-level courses.
2. Which is thought to be the biggest advantage of community colleges?
A. Lower Costs. B. A Path to a Four-year College.
C. Flexibility. D. Workforce Training.
3. Which of the following can best describe the workforce training programs?
A. Interesting. B. Time-consuming. C. Practical. D. Demanding.
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是把社区大学列入申请名单的几条理由。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Whether you’re a high school student unsure of which colleges to apply to or someone considering going back to school, there are plenty of reasons to put community colleges on your list.(无论你是一个不确定要申请哪所大学的高中生，还是一个考虑重返校园的人，有很多理由把社区大学列入你的名单。)”可知，最有可能上社区大学的是面临大学选择的高中生，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Lower Costs部分的“The most frequently cited benefit of community colleges is the relatively low cost of attendance.(最常被提及的社区大学的好处是入学成本相对较低。)”可知，社区大学最大的优势是更低的成本，故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Workforce Training部分的“Community colleges tend to offer a wide range of career and technical education programs in fields like nursing or firefighting. The highly applied nature of these programs prepares students for entering the workforce.(社区大学倾向于提供广泛的职业和技术教育课程，如护理或消防等领域。这些课程的高应用性为学生进入职场做好了准备。)”可知，劳动力培训计划是实用的，故选C。
B
With more than 46,000 of them in the UK, convenience stores used to be a feature on almost every residential corner—but the number of corner shop is in decline. The growth of the corner shop was prevented by the cruel march of the Big Four supermarkets’ formats when Tesco bought the T&S group of convenience stores. Even more significantly, corner shops are starting to change hands as their original owners retire- So can the tradition be saved?
Sure, there’s always a way out. Far from a struggling corner shop, Wigston Fields News & Deli is becoming a lighthouse for food lovers across the region. Pratik was named Local Food Hero by the regional Great Taste Club in their annual awards in 2019 and his customers value what News & Deli offers.
“I feel proud to continue my parents’ legacy, ” says Pratik. “I barely set foot in the shop until my mother passed away in 2012, but then it became important for me to continue the work she loved. I am proud to take the flag from her and continue to serve my community. ”
At present, he is well on his way to achieving a commercial as well as community success. On the shop’s popular Facebook page customers share orders for special menus of locally produced food and enjoy the wonder about Pratik’s samosa (萨莫萨三角饺) consumption. These samosas are held to be the best in the city, so the tiny shop sells nearly 900 samosas a week, up from just 50 a week 3 years ago.
“I hope our success will inspire others and show that shop-keeping is a rewarding choice, not a dead-end job, ” Pratik says. “We work hard, and our customers have become like family to us, so I can’t imagine enjoying any other job quite as much. ”
This is one of independent corner shops whose fortunes are on the rise. Surely, we’ll see more in the future.
4. What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us about corner shops?
A. Their major formats. B. Challenges they face.
C. Their complex features. D. Competitors they meet.
5. What made Pratik begin to follow in his mother’s footsteps?
A. His mother’s death.
B. His parents’ retirement.
C. His desire to serve the community.
D. His intention to continue family legacy.
6. Why was Pratik’s samosa consumption mentioned in Paragraph 4?
A. To show the consumers’ support.
B. To prove Pratik’s commercial success.
C. To promote Pratik’s successful pattern.
D. To introduce special dishes in the shop.
7. What is the author’s attitude towards the corner shops?
A. Skeptical. B. Concerned. C. Conservative. D. Optimistic.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了在英国的街角便利店数量不断减少的现状下，Pratik继承了母亲的遗愿，用心经营小店，获得商业成功的事迹，同时，作者相信未来还会看到更多这样的商店。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段关键句“With more than 46,000 of them in the UK, convenience stores used to be a feature on almost every residential corner—but the number of corner shop is in decline.”（英国有超过4.6万家便利店，过去几乎每个住宅区的街角都有便利店，但现在街角商店的数量正在减少。）及全段内容可知，第一段描述了英国街头便利店逐渐减少这一现象，即，街角商店遇到的挑战。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段Pratik所说的关键句“I barely set foot in the shop until my mother passed away in 2012, but then it became important for me to continue the work she loved.”（在我母亲2012年去世之前，我几乎没有踏进过这家店，但从那以后，继续她所热爱的工作对我来说变得很重要。）可知，Pratik妈妈的去世使他开始追随母亲的脚步。故选A项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段关键句“At present, he is well on his way to achieving a commercial as well as community success.”（目前，他正在取得商业和社区成功的道路上。）及“These samosas are held to be the best in the city, so the tiny shop sells nearly 900 samosas a week, up from just 50 a week 3 years ago.”（这些三角饼被认为是城里最好的，所以这个小商店每周能卖出近900个三角饼，而三年前每周只有50个。）可知，文章提到Pratik的萨莫萨三角饼消费是为了证明Pratik的商业成功。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容“This is one of independent corner shops whose fortunes are on the rise. Surely, we’ll see more in the future.”（这是一家蒸蒸日上的独立街角商店。 当然，我们将在未来看到更多。）可知，作者对于街角商店的态度是积极的。故选D项。
C
Apples have always played a significant yet diverse role in history. Today apples continue to astonish in medicine, with headlines reporting that an apple a day really does have health benefits. In 2013, researchers in Oxford suggested that prescribing (开处方) either an apple a day or a statin (a drug used to lower cholesterol) seemed to be equally successful at preventing heart attacks and strokes in people over the age of 50.
EPIC study, one of the biggest studies of its kind, involves half a million people and looks at the effects of eating fruit and vegetables on disease. Participants consuming at least eight portions a day had an astonishing 22% lower risk of heart discase, and risks of some cancers were slightly reduced. However, other cancers were unaffected, and there was no real effect on diabetes.
How might the humble apple be declaring war on heart disease and cancer, two of our biggest killers? The answer might lie in polyphenols (多酚) in apples, which is useful for protecting the fruit from disease and also giving it color and flavor. They are known to have strong antioxidant (抗氧化剂), and may also protect by reducing blood stickiness and cholesterol levels.
Several studies also show a reduction in blood pressure when more fruit and vegetables are eaten. Furthermore, apples contain a fibre called pectin (果胶) which sticks to cholesterol and glucose in the gut (肠道), slowing their absorption. What is clear is that the apple is a complex mix of components, working together for the good of our health. Trying to make do with antioxidant vitamin tablets just isn’t good enough, as shown by scientists in the Heart Protection Study.
But can we cat enough apples a day to keep the doctor away? Eating too many may not be a good idea, especially with a risk of lasting exposure lo low levels of pesticide. Some people are even allergic to apples, and they can wear away outer layer of tooth. The Department of Health’s advice to consume ‘5-a-day’ (including both fruit and vegetables) might be a realistic starting point.
8. Which of the following do the researchers most probably agree with?
A. People suffering strokes can be cured by eating apples.
B. Apples can replace medicine in some cases.
C. Eating applets works well on all participants.
D. Apples have been changing our life.
9. Why are polyphenols and pectin mentioned in the text?
A. To provide examples. B. To give advice on health.
C. To clarify how apples work. D. To tell what apples contain.
10. What can be inferred from the text?
A. An apple a day isn’t a cure-all.
B. Apples are not easy to digest.
C. Apples have limited benefits for young people.
D. Apples have better effects on keeping fit than vegetables.
11. Where is the text most likely from?
A. A nursing report. B. A biology textbook.
C. A diet brochure. D. A science magazine.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了苹果对于我们的健康有好处，尤其是减少了患心脏病和某些癌症的风险，而这一切可能与苹果所含的多酚有关。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“In 2013, researchers in Oxford suggested that prescribing (开处方) either an apple a day or a statin (a drug used to lower cholesterol) seemed to be equally successful at preventing heart attacks and strokes in people over the age of 50.(2013年，牛津大学的研究人员提出，对于50岁以上的人来说，每天开一个苹果或服用他汀类药物(一种用来降低胆固醇的药物)似乎都能成功预防心脏病发作和中风)”可知，在这一病例中，苹果的作用等同于服用他汀类药物，也就是在这一案例中，苹果可以替代药物。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“The answer might lie in polyphenols (多酚) in apples, which is useful for protecting the fruit from disease and also giving it color and flavor. They are known to have strong antioxidant (抗氧化剂), and may also protect by reducing blood stickiness and cholesterol levels.(答案可能就在苹果中的多酚中，多酚有助于保护苹果免受疾病的侵袭，也能赋予苹果颜色和味道。众所周知，它们具有强大的抗氧化剂，还可以通过降低血液粘性和胆固醇水平来保护身体)”以及第四段“Furthermore, apples contain a fibre called pectin (果胶) which sticks to cholesterol and glucose in the gut (肠道), slowing their absorption.(此外，苹果含有一种叫做果胶的纤维，它会粘在肠道中的胆固醇和葡萄糖上，减缓它们的吸收)”可推断，提到多酚和果胶是为了阐明苹果是如何对人类健康有好处的。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Participants consuming at least eight portions a day had an astonishing 22% lower risk of heart discase, and risks of some cancers were slightly reduced. However, other cancers were unaffected, and there was no real effect on diabetes.(每天摄入至少8份的参与者患心脏病的风险降低了22%，某些癌症的风险也略有降低。然而，其他癌症没有受到影响，对糖尿病没有实际影响)”可推断，苹果也不是对每种癌症起作用。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Today apples continue to astonish in medicine, with headlines reporting that an apple a day really does have health benefits.(今天，苹果在医学上继续令人震惊，头条新闻报道说，每天一个苹果确实有益健康)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了苹果对于我们的健康有好处，尤其是减少了患心脏病和某些癌症的风险，而这一切可能与苹果所含的多酚有关，属于科普知识，从而推断这篇文章选自科学杂志。故选D。
D
Researchers have developed a new method for training people to be creative, one that shows promise of succeeding far better than current ways. This new method, based on narrative (叙事的) theory, helps people be creative in the way children and artists are; by making up stories, they imagine alternative worlds, shift perspective (角度) and generate unexpected actions.
The current foundation of creativity training is the technique known as divergent thinking (发散思维), which doesn’t deliver the results that many hope for. A major issue is that this approach relies on data and information about the problems and successes of the past. It can’t come up with truly original actions. That’s where narrative method comes in, and both techniques could be used together.
The narrative method works by recognizing that we’re all creative. “We undervalue the creativity of kids and many others because we tend to think that some people are more creative than others, but the reality is that we’re just not training creativity in the right way,” said Angus Fletcher from the Ohio State University. Fletch and his colleagues successfully used the narrative approach to train members from the US Army, the University of Chicago, and several Fortune 50 companies.
The narrative method asks participants to generate stories based on assumptive situations or think from someone else’s perspective. For example, marketers might be asked to imagine a world where their competitor’s product was free and how they would respond to that, or to learn a little about how a co-worker thinks and then imagine how they would solve a specific problem.
The narrative method generates actual solutions without pressuring participants to come up with ideas that match an “appropriateness” standard. What’s more, the narrative method doesn’t depend on data to fuel outputs, so it’s useful even in never seen-before situations.
12. What does the author say about divergent thinking?
A. It is perfect for multiple tasks. B. It is suitable for creative actions.
C. It is unfit for complex problems. D. It is not enough for desired results.
13. What does the underlined word “assumptive” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. practical B. imaginary C. productive D. commercial
14. Which is one advantage of the narrative method?
A. It relies on data and past performance.
B. It prepares people for standard answers.
C. It trains people to find practical solutions.
D. It focuses on guessing the future correctly.
15. What’s the best title for the text?
A. Creative Ideas and Creative Actions.
B. Narrative Approach and Divergent Thinking.
C. Narrative Method Can Make Anyone Creative.
D. There Should Be No Prejudice Against Creativity.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种训练人们的创造力的新方法——叙事法。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“The current foundation of creativity training is the technique known as divergent thinking (发散思维), which doesn’t deliver the results that many hope for. (目前，创造力训练的基础是发散思维，这并没有带来许多人希望的结果。)”可知，关于发散思维，作者认为这不足以达到预期的结果。故选D项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。划线词句后文“For example, marketers might be asked to imagine a world where their competitor’s product was free and how they would respond to that, or to learn a little about how a co-worker thinks and then imagine how they would solve a specific problem. (例如，市场营销人员可能会被要求想象一个竞争对手的产品是免费的场景，以及他们将如何应对，或者了解一点同事的想法，然后想象他们将如何解决一个特定的问题。)”举例说明营销人员被要求想象场景，想象如何解决问题，从而推知划线词句“The narrative method asks participants to generate stories based on assumptive situations or think from someone else’s perspective. (这种叙事法要求参与者根据assumptive情况或从别人的角度思考问题。)”其中划线词汇意思应为“想象的”，选项B“想象中的，假想的”与之意义最为接近。故选B项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The narrative method generates actual solutions without pressuring participants to come up with ideas that match an ‘appropriateness’ standard. (叙事法产生实际的解决方案，而不会迫使参与者提出符合‘适当性’标准的想法。)”可知，叙事法的一个优点就是能训练人们找到切实可行的解决方案。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Researchers have developed a new method for training people to be creative, one that shows promise of succeeding far better than current ways. (研究人员已经开发出一种新的方法来训练人们的创造力，它显示出了比现有方法更好的成功前景。)”可知，本文介绍了一种训练人们的创造力的新方法——叙事法。选项C“叙事法可以让任何人都有创造力”符合文章主题，适合做标题。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Beat the Rising Prices
A recent study by the Office of National Statistics tracked prices of essentials over a year. Pasta increased by almost 50%, bread by 16%and rice by 15%. So how do you combat the creeping cost of your groceries? ___16___
Plan what you need to buy
___17___ . First up, meal planning is a great way to ensure you have enough food in for the whole household, check what you already have so you can use these up with similar recipes but cost less. Then your plan can turn into a shopping list.
___18___
We’ve all got our favorite brands and supermarkets, and it can be hard to ditch these for cheaper alternatives. But doing this can make a huge difference. Look for own brand items. Which are often made similar recipes but cost less. It might be that you end up just swapping one or two items-but that’s still saving you some cash.
Take advantage of deals
Special offers can be a huge help, but you do have to be careful. Many. such as Buy-One-Get-One-Free(BOGOF). are designed to make us buy more than we need. But if you are certain you’re going to use something, then buying in large amounts when they’re on offer will bring savings. ___19___ from which I have benefited a lot.
Prevent food waste
Finally, you’ll save a decent chunk of cash by avoiding throwing out food. There are two parts to this. On one hand, there’s forgetting you’ve got something and it’s gone off before you can use it-so keep an eye on the dates. ___20___As long as items have been properly stored they’ll be fine to consume after the date. So don’t throw away those packs of crisps, tinned tomatoes or cans of beer just because they’ve been out of date.
A. Change what you buy
B. Remember your freezer
C. You need to check a discount really is a discount too
D. I tend to do this for toothpastes, tissue or any other products that I use everyday
E. Best-before, on the other hand, is just a guide to the quality of the product
F. Well. there are some simple tricks you can try that’ll reduce what you spend
G. There are a few advantages of thinking ahead before you get to the supermarket
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. A 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了当经济形势严峻，物价上涨，但工资未增，应该如何节约钱的方法。
【16题详解】
根据前文“So how do you combat the creeping cost of your groceries?(那么，你该如何应对不断上涨的食品价格呢?)”可知，是在询问如何应对物价的上涨，所以空处应该是对本句的回到，再根据后文主要讲述节约钱的小技巧，所以F项“Well. there are some simple tricks you can try that’ll reduce what you spend (好。你可以尝试一些简单的方法来减少你的开支)”符合文意。故选F项
【17题详解】
根据本段小标题“Plan what you need to buy(计划好你需要买什么)”以及后文“First up, meal planning is a great way to ensure you have enough food in for the whole household, check what you already have so you can use these up with similar recipes but cost less. Then your plan can turn into a shopping list.(首先，饮食计划是一个很好的方法去确保你让整个家庭有足够的食物，检查你已经有什么，然后你可以用类似的食谱，但花费更少。然后你的计划就可以变成购物清单了)”可知，本段主要讲做购物计划的好处，所以G项“There are a few advantages of thinking ahead before you get to the supermarket(在你去超市之前提前想好有几个好处)”符合文意。故选G项。
【18题详解】
分析设空处，可知此处是本段的小标题，是对本段的高度概括，根据本段内容“We’ve all got our favorite brands and supermarkets, and it can be hard to ditch these for cheaper alternatives.(我们都有自己喜欢的品牌和超市，要放弃这些选择更便宜的替代品可能很难)”“ It might be that you end up just swapping one or two items-but that’s still saving you some cash.(也许你最后只换了一两件东西——但这仍然能省下一些钱)”可知，本段主要讲改变你要买的东西，寻找更便宜的替代品，所以A项“Change what you buy(改变你买的东西)”符合文意。故选A项。
【19题详解】
根据前文“But if you are certain you’re going to use something, then buying in large amounts when they’re on offer will bring savings.(但如果你确定你要用某样东西，那么在打折的时候大量购买会带来节省)”可知，本段主要在讲，如何通过折扣来省钱，但是是你确定需要的东西，以及后文“from which I have benefited a lot.(我从中受益很多)”中的which代指的是空处的内容，所以空处的内容应该是可以使“我”非常受益的事，所以D项“I tend to do this for toothpastes, tissue or any other products that I use everyday (我倾向于牙膏，纸巾或任何其他我每天使用的产品这样做)”，这些日常用品，是人们必需要使用的，可以利用折扣购买，从而省钱，符合文意。故选D项。
【20题详解】
根据前文“On one hand, there’s forgetting you’ve got something and it’s gone off before you can use it-so keep an eye on the dates.(一方面，你会忘记你有一些东西，在你使用它之前它就过期了——所以要留意日期)”可知，本段主要讲不要浪费食物，再根据后文“As long as items have been properly stored they’ll be fine to consume after the date.(只要物品被妥善保存，他们在日期之后依旧可以食用)”可知，空处应该是过渡句，由前文的注意保质期，到后文的即使过了保质期，依旧可以食用，所以E项“Best-before, on the other hand, is just a guide to the quality of the product(另一方面，“最佳食用期”只是一个关于产品质量的指南)”符合文意，其中On one hand和on the other hand为固定搭配。故选E项。
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
We are often told that we should not give up, and that all the most successful people have persistence. Usually, people who do not ____21____ persistence are called lazy. But laziness is not the ____22____ problem. More often, it is doubt and fear that make you ____23____ and keep you from trying. These gradually ____24____ your sense of self-worth, which can lead to depression. That is why it is so ____25____ to push ahead. Failure is a(n) ____26____ for us to discover what goes wrong. After all, no one ____27____ their goal easily. For example, it’s constant ____28____ that makes Stephen Curry one of the greatest basketball players.
Persistence doesn’t mean you should stay in a terrible situation. It’s about ____29____. Adversity (逆境) is unavoidable, but it doesn’t mean you should give up. You just need to ____30____ how you reach it. Alter your plans, choose another method, or find a different ____31____.
If you’re ____32____, persistence comes naturally. I underwent an amazing amount of ____33____ when I first started writing. My father opposed it. I received hundreds of rejection letters from publishers. ____34____, I stuck to it. Eventually, my persistence paid off. My articles were ____35____ by an editor, who hired me to write articles. I endured over 10 years before seeing any success. Why? It was my love for writing that motivated me after repeated rejection and failure.
21. A. demonstrate B. enjoy C. control D. admit
22. A. special B. usual C. difficult D. only
23. A. regret B. grow C. delete D. hesitate
24. A. shape B. reduce C. raise D. construct
25. A. rough B. thrilling C. essential D. scary
26. A. excuse B. strategy C. opportunity D. measure
27. A. sets B. abandons C. adjusts D. achieves
28. A. practice B. test C. pressure D. passion
29. A. devotion B. reflection C. flexibility D. attention
30. A. accept B. insist C. plan D. change
31. A. goal B. path C. hobby D. reason
32. A. passionate B. curious C. responsible D. smart
33. A. expectation B. criticism C. hardship D. imagination
34. A. Otherwise B. Nevertheless C. Therefore D. Moreover
35. A. appreciated B. rejected C. considered D. published
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要讲述了要实现目标，一定要坚持并且努力奋斗。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常，没有表现出毅力的人被称为懒惰。A. demonstrate证明，表现出；B. enjoy喜欢；C. control控制；D. admit承认。根据上文“We are often told that we should not give up, and that all the most successful people have persistence (我们经常被告知我们不应该放弃，所有最成功的人都有毅力)”可知，没有表现出毅力的人被称为懒惰。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但懒惰并不是唯一的问题。A. special特别的；B. usual通常的；C. difficult困难的；D. only唯一的。根据后文“More often, it is doubt and fear that make you ____3____ and keep you from trying (更多的时候，是怀疑和恐惧让你犹豫，让你放弃尝试)”可知，更多的时候是怀疑和恐惧让你犹豫并放弃尝试，可知，懒惰并不是唯一的问题，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：更多的时候，是怀疑和恐惧让你犹豫，让你放弃尝试。A. regret后悔；B. grow成长；C. delete删除；D. hesitate犹豫。根据本句“doubt and fear (怀疑和恐惧)”可知，怀疑和恐惧让人犹豫。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些会逐渐降低你的自我价值感，从而导致抑郁。A. shape塑造；B. reduce减少，降低；C. raise提升；D. construct建造。根据上句 “More often, it is doubt and fear that make you ____3____ and keep you from trying (更多的时候，是怀疑和恐惧让你犹豫，让你放弃尝试)”可知，怀疑和恐惧会逐渐降低你的自我价值感，从而导致抑郁。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么勇往直前是如此必要的原因。A. rough困难的；B. thrilling令人激动的；C. essential基本的；重要的；D. scary害怕的。根据上文“These gradually ____4____ your sense of self-worth, which can lead to depression. (这些会逐渐降低你的自我价值感，从而导致抑郁)”可知，怀疑和恐惧会逐渐降低你的自我价值感，从而导致抑郁，所以勇往直前是很重要的。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：失败是我们发现问题所在的机会。A. excuse借口；B. strategy策略；C. opportunity机会；D. measure措施。根据本句“to discover what goes wrong. (去发现哪里出了问题)”可知，失败是我们发现问题所在的机会。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，没有人能轻易实现自己的目标。A. sets设定；B. abandons放弃；C. adjusts调整；D. achieves达到、实现。根据后句“ For example, it’s constant ____8____ that makes Stephen Curry one of the greatest basketball players. (例如，正是不断的练习使斯蒂芬·库里成为最伟大的篮球运动员之一)”可知，没有人能轻易实现自己的目标。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，正是不断的练习使斯蒂芬·库里成为最伟大的篮球运动员之一。 A. practice练习；B. test测试；C. pressure压力；D. passion激情。根据上句“After all, no one ____7____ their goal easily. (毕竟，没有人能轻易实现自己的目标)”可知，不断的练习使斯蒂芬·库里实现自己的目标。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是灵活性的问题。A. devotion忠诚、奉献；B. reflection反射；C. flexibility灵活性；D. attention注意力。根据后句“You just need to ____10____ how you reach it. (你只需要改变你实现它的方式)”可知，改变你实现它的方式，是做出了灵活性的调整。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你只需要改变你实现它方式。A. accept接受；B. insist坚持；C. plan计划；D. change改变。根据后句“Alter your plans, choose another method, or find a different ____11____.(改变你的计划，选择另一种方法，或者找到一条不同的道路)”可知，改变你的计划，选择另一种方法，或者找到一条不同的道路，是改变你实现它的方式。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：改变你的计划，选择另一种方法，或者找到一条不同的道路。A. goal目标；B. path道路；C. hobby爱好；D. reason理由。根据上文“You just need to ____10____ how you reach it. (你只需要改变你实现它的方式)”以及本句“Alter your plans, choose another method (改变你的计划，选择另一种方法)”可知，找到一条不同的道路来实现它。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你充满激情，坚持是自然而然的事。A. passionate狂热的；B. curious好奇的；C. responsible有责任的。D. smart聪明的。根据本句“persistence comes naturally (坚持是自然而然的事)”可知，坚持是自然而然的事是因为你充满激情。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我刚开始写作时，我经历了大量的困难。A. expectation期待，预期；B. criticism批评；C. hardship困难；D. imagination想象力。根据后句“My father opposed it. I received hundreds of rejection letters from publishers (我父亲反对。我收到了数百封出版商的拒绝信)”可知，这是作者遇到的困难。故选C。
34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是坚持了下来。A. Otherwise否则，不然；B. Nevertheless然而，不过；C. Therefore因此；D. Moreover而且。根据后句“My father opposed it. I received hundreds of rejection letters from publishers (我父亲反对。我收到了数百封出版商的拒绝信)”以及后句“I stuck to it(我坚持了下来)”可知，我刚开始写作时经历了大量的困难，然而，我还是坚持了下来。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的文章得到了一位编辑的赏识，他雇我写文章。A. appreciated感激、赏识；B. rejected拒绝；C. considered考虑；D. published惩罚。根据本句“who hired me to write articles (他雇我写文章)”可知，我的文章得到了一位编辑的赏识。故选A。
第二节(共10个小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Blue talk is language or a topic not fit for polite conversation. It is ____36____ (typical) charactered by the use of words which are considered profane (亵渎的) and discussions of topics which are considered offensive (冒犯的). What can be considered as blue talk often changes, ____37____ (depend) on the culture and the company one is keeping. As a general rule, if one is not sure whether or not something will be considered offensive, it is better to remain in complete ____38____ (silent).
The use of “blue” to describe something profane ____39____ (date) from around the 1800s, but its origins are a bit unclear. ____40____ we know for sure is that people in the USA were certainly referencing blue talk by the 1840s and the word spread to ____41____ English-speaking corners of the world very quickly. As time goes by, the rules about acceptable conversation have changed greatly; at one time, for example, few women ____42____ (allow) to participate in ____43____ (politics) discussion, but currently they run for President.
Different people have different values, especially when it comes to language. Topics or words which are ____44____ little importance to some people may be deeply offensive to others. ____45____ (deal) with social situations more easily, it is necessary for us to stay sensitive all the time when talking.
【答案】36. typically
37. depending
38 silence
39. dates 40. What
41. other 42. were allowed
43. political
44. of 45. To deal
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“污言秽语”是不适合礼貌交谈的语言或话题，它往往会因文化和交际对象的不同而发生变化。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：它的典型特征是使用被认为是亵渎的词汇和被认为是冒犯的话题的讨论。设空处应用副词形式修饰动词，故填typically。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：所谓的“污言秽语”往往会因文化和交际对象的不同而发生变化。设空处在句中做非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语之间是逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作状语。故填depending。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：一般来说，如果一个人不确定某件事是否会被视为冒犯，最好保持完全的沉默。设空处前为介词in，设空处应用名词的形式作宾语，in silence沉默。故填silence。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：用“blue”来形容亵渎的东西可以追溯到19世纪左右，但它的起源有点不清楚。设空处在句中做谓语，叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为the use，结合主谓一致，故填dates。
【40题详解】
考查主语从句的引导词。句意：我们可以肯定的是，美国人在19世纪40年代就开始使用blue talk这个词了，这个词很快就传到了世界上其他说英语的地方。设空处引导主语从句且在句中作指物的主语，应用what。故填What。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。根据后句“English-speaking corners of the world very quickly. (世界上说英语的角落)”可知，这个词很快就传到了世界上其他说英语的地方。other“别的，其他的”。故填other。
【42题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：随着时间的推移，可接受的谈话规则已经发生了很大的变化；例如，曾经有一段时间，很少有妇女被允许参与政治讨论，但现在她们竞选总统。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语women为被动关系，根据时间状语at one time(曾经，一度)，可知句子的时态为一般过去时，故设空出为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为women，结合主谓一致。故填were allowed。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意见上题解析。设空处后为名词，设空处应为形容词修饰名词。故填political。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：对某些人不重要的话题或词汇可能对另一些人有很深的冒犯。分析句子的结构可知，设空处为“of +抽象名词”其相当于名词的形容词形式的结构。故填of。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了更容易地处理社交场合，我们有必要在交谈时始终保持敏感。设空处在句中作非谓语，应用动词不定式的形式表目的。故填To deal。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分)
46. 假设你是学生会主席李华。你校留学生Jim 得知你校将在下周举办科技节系列活动，不知道参加哪一个活动好，写信向你询问。 请你给他回封邮件，内容包括：
1. 推荐一个活动并进行介绍；
2. 说明你推荐这个活动的理由。
参考词汇：Science and Technology Festival
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear Jim,
How’s everything going?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Jim,
How’s everything going? Among all these activities of the Science and Technology Festival to be held next week, I highly recommend “My New Invention”.
The activity is tailor-made for students who have a burning passion for new invention. In addition, it is definitely a fantastic chance to broaden your horizons and enrich your knowledge in science and technology. What’s more, many talented students will take part, which will offer you a precious opportunity to exchange ideas with them.
I sincerely hope my recommendation will be helpful. Wish you a good time.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给Jim写信推荐一个活动以便参加下周举办的科技系列活动，并说明推荐的原因。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
强烈地：strongly→highly
热情：passion→enthusiasm
有天赋的：talented→gifted
机会：chance→opportunity
2.句型拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Among all these activities of the Science and Technology Festival to be held next week, I highly recommend “My New Invention”.
拓展句：Among all these activities of the Science and Technology Festival that are to be held next week, I highly recommend “My New Invention”.
【点睛】[高分句型1]The activity is tailor-made for students who have a burning passion for new invention.（运用了who引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2]What’s more, many talented students will take part, which will offer you a precious opportunity to exchange ideas with them.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One Saturday morning when Susan went, as usual, to Thompson’s hotel, to receive the price of her mother’s washing for the guests, which amounted to five dollars, she found the hotel keeper in the yard.
He was obviously in bad manners with some dealers with whom he had been talking. He held in his hand an open wallet, full of bills. Hardly noticing the child as she made her request, except to swear (骂咧咧) at her for troubling him when he was busy, he handed her a bank note. Glad to escape so easily, Susan rushed out of the gate, and when she stopped to see the money safely in the folds of her worn scarf, she discovered that he had given her two bills instead of one. She looked around. Nobody was near to share her discovery, and her first feeling was joy at the unexpected prize.
“It is mine, all mine,” she thought. “I will buy mother a new coat with it, and she can give her old one to sister Mary, and then Mary can go to the Sunday school with me next winter. I wonder if it will buy a pair of shoes for brother Tom, too.”
At that moment she realized that the hotel keeper must have given it to her by mistake, and therefore she had no right to have it, as she was always told by her mother the Golden Rule. What belongs to you is yours, and what doesn’t belong to you should not be accepted.
But again the voice of owning it by herself whispered, “He gave it, and how do you know that he did not intend to make you a present of it? Keep it; he will never know it, even if it should be a mistake; he had too many such bills in that great wallet, so it doesn’t matter if missing one.” While this conflict was going on in her mind between good and evil, she was hurrying homeward as fast as possible.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Yet, before she came in sight of her home, she stopped.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The hotel keeper looked at Susan.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Yet, before she came in sight of her home, she stopped. As she crossed the little bridge over the narrow stream, her eyes fell upon a bench where her mother and she occupied and had lengthy conversations. The Golden Rule her mother shared then popped into her mind. Ultimately, it was good that defeated evil in this conflict. Turning suddenly around, she hastened along the road with breathless speed until she found herself once more at the hotel’s gate. Glimpsing Susan again at his side, the hotelkeeper asked impatiently. “What do you want this time?” “Sir, um… you paid me two bills, instead of one,” Susan murmured, trembling in every limb.
The hotelkeeper looked at Susan. His eyebrows rose in absolute astonishment. A few seconds later, realizing what had happened. He stretched out his hand and tapped Susan on the shoulder gently, his face splitting into a wide smile, “Keep it! The other bill is for you as the present of your honesty.” “No, sir, thank you,” Susan blurted out. “I do not want to be paid for doing right.” Desperate to tell her mother what she had done, Susan waved goodbye to the hotelkeeper and returned to her humble home with a lightened heart. Never would she forget this day through the course of her whole life.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Susan去旅馆帮妈妈取回工资，但是老板多给了一张钞票。她在纠结要不要还回去的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然而，在她看到她家之前，她停下来了。”可知，第一段可描写Susan经过思考之后，决定将多给的支票送回去。
②由第二段首句内容“旅馆老板看着Susan。”可知，第二段可描写作旅馆老板很惊讶Susan将钱还回来，并想把多给的支票给她作为对她诚实的肯定。
2.续写线索：回家前停了下来——想起了妈妈的教导——决定把支票还回去——老板赞赏她——迫不及待回家告诉妈妈
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①涌入脑海：pop into one’s mind/crowed into one’s mind
②加速：hasten/hurry up/rush
③伸手：stretch out one’s hand /reach out one’s hand
情绪类
①没耐心地：impatiently/without patience
②惊讶地：in astonishment/in amazement/in surprise
【点睛】[高分句型1]. As she crossed the little bridge over the narrow stream, her eyes fell upon a bench where her mother and she occupied and had lengthy conversations. (运用了where引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2]. Tuning suddenly around, she hastened along the road with breathless speed until she found herself once more at the hotel’s gate. (运用了非谓语动词做状语和until引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型3]. Never would she forget this day through the course of her whole life(运用了部分倒装句)
听力答案：1-5 CBABA 6-10 CCCAB 11-15 ACBAC 16-20 CACBA