2022-2023学年山西省大同市高三上学期第二次学情调研（月考）测试英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年山西省大同市高三上学期第二次学情调研（月考）测试英语试题含解析，共23页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。

大同市2023届高三第二次学情调研测试
英语试题
(时间：120分钟 满分：150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What can we learn about the man?
A He had a stomachache. B. He was giving a speech. C. He was nervous about a speech.
2. When will the man pick up the woman?
A. At 7:20. B. At 7:40. C. At 8:15.
3. What will the woman do this afternoon?
A. Repair the chair. B. Buy a chair. C. Throw away the chair.
4. What does the man decide to do?
A. Look for a parking space.
B. Drive to the department store again.
C. Go to the department store in a few days.
5. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In the woman’s house. B. In a cinema. C. In a shop.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How does the man know about the play?
A. From a theatre poster. B. From a friend. C. From a newspaper.
7. Why is the man disappointed?
A. The play isn’t good. B. Tickets are unavailable. C. He has to work on Saturday.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What can’t the woman decide?
A. What to eat for supper. B. Where to have supper. C. When to start supper.
9. What kind of restaurants does the man like?
A. The ones with enough seats. B. The ones serving super food. C. The ones near his working place.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A weekend plan. B. A camping trip. C. A family dinner.
11. Why doesn’t the woman want to go hiking?
A. It’s cold outside. B. It’s not exciting. C. It’s quite tiring.
12. What will the speakers decide to do first?
A. Do some shopping. B. Go to the cinema. C. Visit the museum.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the woman worried about?
A. How to get to the students’ union.
B. How to live the university life.
C. How to find a map of the university.
14. How long are the computer rooms open on weekdays?
A. 8 hours. B. 9 hours. C. 11 hours.
15. Where is the students’ union?
A. On the right of the Science Blocks. B. Opposite the Chemistry labs. C. Beside the Lab B.
16. What does the man ask the woman to do?
A. Get familiar with the university.
B. Have an appointment with him on Thursday.
C. Write her telephone number down on the form.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Who organizes the Winter Festival?
A. The government. B. A team of volunteers. C. The businessmen around the town.
18. What is special about the art exhibition?
A. It will be held in a school.
B. There are three opening nights.
C. The painters of the pictures are local students.
19. What will be held in the Main Exhibition Hall?
A. A music talent show. B. An art exhibition. C. A fancy-dress party.
20. What is the purpose of the speaker’s talk?
A. To raise money for the festival.
B. To inform people of the festival.
C. To show some of the musical talents.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Sites for free online education enable you to learn courses in your comfortable place. The courses of these websites are offered by top universities. You can learn a specific subject without much investment. These websites offer many videos, articles, and e-books to increase your knowledge.
Coursera
Coursera is a free learning platform that offers MOOCs courses from well-known universities. All courses contain pre-recorded video lectures that you can watch when it is convenient for you. Coursera has programs together with universities that allow you to get a master’s degree. You can explore various college courses without any trouble.
CodeHS
CodeHS is a learning site that’s specially designed for students to learn computer science. This website provides lesson plans where you can access various resources to learn it. The courses are designed in a way that suits your personal needs. The videos can be viewed online as well as offline.
Khan Academy
This site is useful to match your learning goals. You choose this site to personalize your learning experience. This free platform can be used for learners and teachers. The resources of this site are available online as well as offline. The content of Khan Academy is available in English, French, German, and more.
Connections Academy
Connections Academy is the best online course website that helps students to learn from home. The courses of this platform are designed for elementary school and middle school. The site provides personalized learning experiences and enables you to easily meet teachers and classmates in the virtual classroom.
1. What's special about CodeHS?
A. It satisfies personalized needs.
B. It focuses on a particular subject.
C. It offers access to video resources.
D. It serves both learners and teachers.
2. Which of the following best suits junior high students?
A. Coursera.
B. CodeHS.
C. Khan Academy.
D. Connections Academy.
3. What is the purpose of this text?
A. To recommend learning sites.
B. To introduce various courses.
C. To share on-line experiences.
D. To guide off-campus students.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个可以免费学习的在线教育网站，这些网站的课程由顶尖大学提供。我们可以在没有太多投资的情况下学习特定主题。这些网站提供了许多视频、文章和电子书来增加我们的知识。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题CodeHS中第一段第一句“Coursera is a free learning platform that offers MOOCs courses from well-known universities.（CodeHS是一个专门为学习计算机科学的学生设计的学习网站。）”可知，CodeHS的特别之处在于它专注于一个特定的主题，即为学习计算机科学的学生设计的学习网站。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Connections Academy中第一段第二句“The courses of this platform are designed for elementary school and middle school.（该平台的课程是针对小学和中学设计的。）”可知，Connections Academy平台的课程是针对小学和中学设计的，因此它最适合初中生。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容“Sites for free online education enable you to learn courses in your comfortable place. The courses of these websites are offered by top universities. You can learn a specific subject without much investment. These websites offer many videos, articles, and e-books to increase your knowledge.（免费在线教育网站能让你在舒适的环境中学习课程。这些网站的课程都是由顶尖大学提供的。你可以学习一个特定的科目，而不需要太多的投资。这些网站提供许多视频、文章和电子书来增加你的知识。）”可知，这篇文章要介绍一些学习网站，其目的是为我们推荐一些可以免费学习网站帮助我们学习，因此A项“推荐学习网站”符合题意。故选A项。
B
Cats have no emotions. At least, that’s what my husband once claimed. I argued that my two cats experience emotions. They feel anger, fear, and happiness. He agreed with me, but stuck to his opinion that cats don’t feel love. However, my cat, Sebastian, would teach him otherwise.
When my next-door neighbour moved in, he had a cat named Juliet. She was an indoor lady, always watching the environment through the window. Then one day when I accompanied my cat to the backyard for his playtime, Sebastian caught sight of Juliet gazing at him behind the window. It soon became obvious that they were attracted by each other. So every day thereafter, whenever I let Sebastian out, he would rush straight to the backyard next-door and they would sit gazing lovingly at each other through the screen, she inside, and he outside. Even my husband watched in amazement, and he would murmur, “But cats can’t feel love...can they?”
Five months later, my neighbour had to move because of work. My heart sank. I wondered how Sebastian would react to Juliet’s leaving.
For months after Juliet moved away and the new neighbour moved in, I often caught Sebastian sitting by Juliet’s window, looking into the apartment in search of his lady. The new neighbour didn’t mind having the “Peeping (偷看) Sebastian” after I explained his reason for being there. Sebastian marked the small area outside that window as his territory. Other male cats were allowed in the backyard, but not near Juliet’s window, which he guarded until his death.
Even now, when my husband and I walk through the backyard and see that window, he reminds me of the lesson Sebastian taught him...that cats do indeed fall in love.
4. What can be inferred from paragraph 2?
A. Juliet was allowed to go out.
B. Sebastian enjoyed the moment with Juliet.
C. The author was the only person to accompany her cat.
D. The author’s husband hated the two cats staying together.
5. Why did Sebastian mark the small area outside that window as his territory?
A Because he couldn’t play in the backyard.
B. Because he couldn’t get along with other cats.
C. Because there were few places for him to play.
D. Because the area was guarded by him for Juliet.
6. Which of the following changed the husband’s opinion on cats?
A. The death of Sebastian. B. The neighbour’s sudden departure.
C. The story between the two cats. D. The argument between him and the author.
7. Which is the best title of the text?
A. Cats, Like People, Have Feelings B. Cats Love People
C. Love—the Only Feeling Between Cats D. Cats Are Not Able to Fall in Love
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者的猫塞巴斯蒂安爱上了邻居家的猫朱丽叶，它们每天相守在一起，在朱丽叶和邻居搬走后，塞巴斯蒂也一直守护着那个窗台直到死去。两只猫的故事告诉作者的丈夫，猫也像人一样有感情，也会相爱。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第五句“So every day thereafter, whenever I let Sebastian out, he would rush straight to the backyard next-door and they would sit gazing lovingly at each other through the screen, she inside, and he outside.”(所以从那以后的每一天，每当我放塞巴斯蒂安出去，他就会直接跑到隔壁的后院，他们坐在那里，隔着屏风深情地对视着，她在里面，他在外面。)可知，塞巴斯蒂安很享受和朱丽叶在一起的时刻。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Other male cats were allowed in the backyard, but not near Juliet’s window, which he guarded until his death.”(其他公猫可以进入后院，但不能靠近朱丽叶的窗户，他一直守到去世。)可知，塞巴斯蒂安把窗外的那一小块地方标记为他的领地是因为他为朱丽叶把守着那块地方。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Even now, when my husband and I walk through the backyard and see that window, he reminds me of the lesson Sebastian taught him...that cats do indeed fall in love.”(即使现在，当我和丈夫穿过后院看到那扇窗户时，他也会跟我提起塞巴斯蒂安教给他的一课……猫确实会坠入爱河。)可知，这两只猫的故事改变了作者的丈夫对猫的看法。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段最后两句“He agreed with me, but stuck to his opinion that cats don’t feel love. However, my cat, Sebastian, would teach him otherwise.”(他同意我的观点，但坚持认为猫感觉不到爱。然而，我的猫塞巴斯蒂安会教会他相反的一面。)和最后一段“Even now, when my husband and I walk through the backyard and see that window, he reminds me of the lesson Sebastian taught him...that cats do indeed fall in love.”(即使现在，当我和丈夫穿过后院看到那扇窗户时，他也会跟我提起塞巴斯蒂安教给他的一课……猫确实会坠入爱河。)可知，文章主要是讲猫也像人一样有感情。故选A。
C
More than a third of the world’s population lives in dry lands, areas that experience significant water shortages. Engineers and scientists at the University of Texas at Austin have developed a unique solution to help people in these areas access clean drinking water.
They developed a low-cost gel film (凝胶膜) that can pull water from the air in even the driest climate. Combining two simple ingredients, cellulose and konjac gum, the gel is inexpensive to produce. Just one kilogram of gel can absorb up to six liters of water in a dry climate. For those living in a climate with relative humidity (潮湿), one kilogram of gel can collect up to 13 liters of water a day. As the gel is so inexpensive and easy to make, it may offer a way of providing drinking water to countries with water shortages.
Previously, researchers have harvested fresh water from fog and dew, but that only serves areas with high humidity. Other attempts at pulling water from desert air are typically energy-intensive and do not produce much. In fact, this gel is a vast improvement from previous water harvesting technologies. The maximum water harvested has been 5.87 liters in places with relative humidity. This new gel doubles this amount, uses no energy and is simple to operate and it can be moulded into a shape or size that best suits the user.
“This new work is about practical solutions that people can use to get water in the hottest, driest places on Earth,” said Guihua Yu, professor at the Cockrell School of Engineering. “This could allow millions of people without consistent access to drinking water to have simple, water generating devices at home that they can easily operate.”
“This is not something you need an advanced degree to use,” the paper’s lead author, Youhong “Nancy” Guo said. “It’s straightforward enough that anyone can make it at home if they have the materials.” Scientists are planning on making a thicker gel that will increase the yield, making this technology a practicable solution to drought.
8. What do we know about the gel film from paragraph 2?
A. It can increase the humidity of the air.
B. It can harvest drinking water from the air.
C. It has been widely applied in desert areas.
D. It costs lots of money and energy to produce.
9. Why does the author mention previous water harvesting methods in paragraph 3?
A. To prove the advantages of the new gel.
B. To show the tough living conditions in dry regions.
C. To state the process of manufacturing the new gel.
D. To present the theory of water harvesting technologies.
10. What is Guihua Yu’s attitude towards the new water harvesting method?
A. Indifferent. B. Skeptical.
C. Disapproving. D. Hopeful.
11. What will scientists plan to do next?
A. Develop a thicker gel. B. Produce the gel on a large scale.
C. Raise money for further research. D. Teach people to make the gel at home.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了得克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的科学家开发了一种低成本凝胶膜，可以帮助干旱地区的人们从空气中获得清洁的饮用水。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They developed a low-cost gel film (凝胶膜) that can pull water from the air in even the driest climate.(他们开发了一种低成本的凝胶膜，即使在最干燥的气候下也能从空气中吸收水分。)”和第三句话“Just one kilogram of gel can absorb up to six liters of water in a dry climate.(在干燥的气候下，仅一公斤的凝胶就能吸收多达六升水。)”可知，这种凝胶膜可以吸收空气中的水分。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“In fact, this gel is a vast improvement from previous water harvesting technologies. The maximum water harvested has been 5.87 liters in places with relative humidity. This new gel doubles this amount, uses no energy and is simple to operate and it can be moulded into a shape or size that best suits the user.(事实上，这种凝胶是对以前的水收集技术的巨大改进。在相对湿度较大的地方，最大采水量为5.87升。这种新型凝胶的用量翻了一番，不消耗能量，操作简单，可以塑造出最适合用户的形状或大小。)”可知，这种凝胶是对以前的水收集技术的巨大改进，不仅提升了采水量，而且不消耗能量，操作简单。由此可知，作者提到以前收集水分的方法，是为了和现在的方法进行比较，从而展示出新型凝胶在收集水分方面的优势。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段““This new work is about practical solutions that people can use to get water in the hottest, driest places on Earth,” said Guihua Yu, professor at the Cockrell School of Engineering. “This could allow millions of people without consistent access to drinking water to have simple, water generating devices at home that they can easily operate.”(科克雷尔工程学院的余桂华教授说：“这项新成功一种实用的解决方案，人们可以用它在地球上最热、最干燥的地方取水。这可能会让数百万无法持续获得饮用水的人在家里拥有简单的、容易操作的制水设备。”)”可知，余桂华认为这是一种实用的解决方案，人们可以用它在地球上最热、最干燥的地方取水。由此可知，他对这种新的设备是非常赞赏和推崇的，对它的应用充满希望。故选D项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Scientists are planning on making a thicker gel that will increase the yield, making this technology a practicable solution to drought.(科学家们正计划制造一种更厚的凝胶来增加产量，使这项技术成为解决干旱的可行方法。)”可知，科学家们正计划制作一种更厚的凝胶。故选A项。
D
By drawing patterns on the surface of a cup of tea, chabaixi, an ancient Chinese tea trick displayed in a recent TV drama, has gone viral for its apparent similarity with modern latte art (咖啡拉花艺术). However, ten years ago, this distinctive technique was close to disappearing completely. Zhang Zhifeng, a practitioner of chabaixi, found scenes of chabaixi in the drama aroused great interest among ordinary people.
Chabaixi can create endless patterns such as bamboos and mountains or even calligraphy. There are over a dozen steps, from grinding (碾碎) tea for fine powder to pouring boiled water, stirring the mixture for thick froth, and finally drawing the patterns. It is different from making latte because people use clear water as the object to put into the cup instead of milk. But when the water touches the surface of whipped (搅打起泡沫的) tea, it turns into a white color and disappears in 20 minutes. The process before the drawing is known as the tea-making technique, diancha, the quality of which is crucial to whether patterns can be successfully produced later.
“Chabaixi is one of the countless forms of tea-making techniques in China. The importance of chabaixi is that not only this technique is unique in the world, but also it gives us a window into people’s lifestyle in the Song Dynasty, a period of time when leisure activities in some ways resemble what we have now,” Zhang said.
Before chabaixi was discovered by TV audiences, the technique was listed as part of China’s Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2017, after it was recovered by Zhang Zhifeng, who spent nearly 30 years studying and researching the origins and making of tea, but for him it was all worth-while.
“This technique is key to the tea culture of the Song Dynasty, and it would be a shame to let it fade. This technique must be passed on to the next generations so they can understand its history,” Zhang said.
12. What do the underlined words “gone viral” in paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. Received good protection. B. Become popular quickly.
C. Started declining gradually. D. Maintained highly competitive.
13. What do we know about chabaixi?
A. It is painted with whipped milk. B. It develops based on latte art.
C. It mainly describes beautiful scenery. D. It involves complicated tea-making skills.
14. What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A. The origin of chabaixi. B. The uniqueness of chabaixi.
C. The significance of chabaixi. D. The development of chabaixi.
15. What can we infer about Zhang Zhifeng?
A. He teaches people the tea culture of the Song Dynasty.
B. He is leading young generations to innovate chabaixi.
C. He encourages people to pass on the technique of chabaixi.
D. He is committed to developing chabaixi through media.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了茶百戏的步骤和传承。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据该画线词所在句以及后文“However, ten years ago, this distinctive technique was close to disappearing completely.(然而，十年前，这种独特的技术几乎完全消失)”可知，该句与后文形成转折，指的是十年前这种独特的技艺几近完全消失，然而随着最近一部电视剧的播出，这一技艺又“走红，流行起来”。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“There are over a dozen steps, from grinding (碾碎) tea for fine powder to pouring boiled water, stirring the mixture for thick froth, and finally drawing the patterns.(从把茶叶磨成细粉到倒开水，再搅拌成浓泡沫，最后画出图案，总共有十几个步骤)”可知，茶百戏的过程包括很复杂的制茶技术。故选D项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“The importance of chabaixi is that not only this technique is unique in the world, but also it gives us a window into people’s lifestyle in the Song Dynasty...(茶百戏的重要性不仅在于它的技艺在世界上是独一无二的，还在于它为我们了解宋代人们的生活方式提供了一扇窗)”可知，本段主要讨论的是茶百戏的重要性。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“This technique is key to the tea culture of the Song Dynasty, and it would be a shame to let it fade. This technique must be passed on to the next generations so they can understand its history(这是宋代茶文化的关键，如果让它消失就太可惜了。这项技术必须传给下一代，这样他们才能了解它的历史)”可知，他希望这项技艺可以传承下去。故选C项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Meaningful ways to celebrate the New Year
It's been said that the New Year sets the intention for the entire year to come. Here are some meaningful ideas for celebrating this New Year.
Write a letter to yourself. ___16___ In it, you can list things like what your biggest dreams are right now, the things we are most afraid of, the most impressive emotions you experience on a daily basis, the things that are flowing in your life and things that feel stuck, how you feel in your body and how you hope you will feel as you read the letter in one year.
Release a floating lantern. In many cultures, it's considered good luck to release a lantern into the sky. ___17___ With a few simple tools you can make your own lantern, and can even write on the outside some of the old patterns you are ready to release from your life.
___18___ Alone time is unbelievably important for processing, reflecting and connecting with yourself. And if you cannot decide what celebration feels right for you this New Year's Eve, you may simply enjoy your own company. Have a solo dance party, order favorite carry-out, do an at-home yoga practice or meditation（冥想） and take a candlelit bubble bath. Give yourself the gift of quality time, and find enjoyment and ease in the company you keep, even in the empty moments. ___19___
List the things you are grateful for. There's no truer way to find delight in this very moment than to count your blessings. As you look back on an entire year, you're sure to discover a treasure of miracles just waiting to be illuminated（照亮）and treasured. So take some time to come up with your own gratitude list for 2020. ___20___
A. Begin one of your goals.
B. Enjoy your own company.
C. Fill yourself from the inside out.
D. It is a symbol of your problems and worries floating away.
E. There is just so much to be thankful for, if only we have eyes to see.
F. Just observe the world around you, from the smallest leaves to the limitless sky above.
G. If you miss the good old days, it can be wonderful to write a letter to your future self.
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. E
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些庆祝新年的有意义的方式。
【16题详解】
根据本段主题句“Write a letter to yourself.(给自己写封信。)”和本段内容可知，本段主要介绍给未来的自己写信。所以选择项G“If you miss the good old days, it can be wonderful to write a letter to your future self.(如果你怀念过去的美好时光，给未来的自己写封信是一件很棒的事情。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的“write a letter to your future self”与主题句“Write a letter to yourself.”相一致。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据本段主题句“Release a floating lantern.(放一个浮灯。)”和前句“In many cultures, it's considered good luck to release a lantern into the sky.(在许多文化中，向天空放飞灯笼被认为是好运。)”可知，放飞灯笼象征着有好运。所以选择项D“It is a symbol of your problems and worries floating away.(它象征着你的问题和烦恼都烟消云散了。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的it代指主题句中的“a floating lantern”。故选D。
【18题详解】
考查本段主题句。根据后句“Alone time is unbelievably important for processing, reflecting and connecting with yourself. (独处的时间对于处理、反思和与自己联系是极其重要的。)”及本段内容可知，本段主要介绍如何享受独自一人的时光。所以选择项B“Enjoy your own company.(享受独处的时光。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据前文“Have a solo dance party, order favorite carry-out, do an at-home yoga practice or meditation（冥想） and take a candlelit bubble bath. Give yourself the gift of quality time, and find enjoyment and ease in the company you keep, even in the empty moments. (开个单人舞会，点一份自己喜欢的外卖，在家做瑜伽或冥想，或者来个烛光泡泡浴。给自己一份优质时光的礼物，在你的陪伴中找到快乐和安逸，即使是在空虚的时刻。)”可知，这里介绍独自一人的时候如何由内而外的填充自己。所以选择项C“Fill yourself from the inside out.(由内而外填满你自己。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据本段主题句“List the things you are grateful for.(列出你感激的事情。)”和前文句“As you look back on an entire year, you're sure to discover a treasure of miracles just waiting to be illuminated（照亮）and treasured. So take some time to come up with your own gratitude list for 2020. (当你回顾这一整年，你一定会发现一个奇迹的宝藏，正等着被照亮和珍惜。所以，花点时间来制定你自己的2020年感恩清单吧。)”可知，能够列出感激的事情有很多。所以选择项E“There is just so much to be thankful for, if only we have eyes to see.(只要我们有眼睛能看见，就会有太多值得感谢的事。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的“be thankful for”与主题句中的“ are grateful for”相一致。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Lenore Skenazy is a New York journalist. When she wrote about how she had left her nine -year -old son in central New York and let him take the subway home alone, she caused a ____21____ media storm. Her son, Izzy, whose ____22____ the expedition(出行) had been, was happy with the experience. He arrived home safely, ____23____ about his independence. He had been begging for weeks to be ____24____ out on his own and to travel unsupervised(无人监督的). Ms Skenazy gave Izzy a subway map, twenty dollars and some ____25____ in case he needed to make a phone call. But Ms Skenazy’s actions landed her in a huge ____26____. Although many came out to____27____ her, she was labeled “America’s worst mom” by others. “My son had simply done what most people my age had done ____28____ when they were his age: gone somewhere on his own, without a security detail.” She wrote____29____. “The problem with this dangerous idea is that overprotectiveness is a _____30_____ in itself. A child who thinks he can’t do anything _____31_____ eventually can’t.”
So. are we living in a risk-averse(风险规避的) culture where we limit our children’s ability to _____32_____ danger by never allowing them to take reasonable _____33_____? Does western society give its children too much _____34_____? Or did Ms Skenazy’s actions _____35_____ her son in unnecessary danger? What do you think?
21. A. pleasant B. fierce C. illegal D. embarrassing
22. A. idea B. emotion C. outcome D. mission
23. A. surprised B. frightened C. annoyed D. excited
24. A. requested B. allowed C. desired D. invited
25. A. change B. property C. benefit D. wage
26. A. arrangement B. violence C. movement D. argument
27. A. support B. follow C. confirm D. define
28. A. possibly B. usually C. eventually D. nearly
29. A. alongside B. earlier C. afterwards D. sooner
30. A. fear B. pressure C. disability D. danger
31. A. on his own B. in his way C. now and then D. more or less
32. A. get into B. look into C. take on D. deal with
33. A. steps B. risks C. charge D. control
34. A. stress B. freedom C. protection D. barrier
35. A. appeal B. fancy C. involve D. occur
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述Lenore Skenazy女士把自己9岁的儿子留在纽约市中心，让他独自坐地铁回家引发了争议的事情。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她写到她如何把9岁的儿子留在纽约市中心，让他独自坐地铁回家时，引发了一场激烈的媒体风暴。A. pleasant令人愉快的；B. fierce激烈的；C. illegal非法的；D. embarrassing令人尴尬的。根据下文“Although many came out to____7____ her, she was labeled “America’s worst mom” by others.”可知，Lenore Skenazy女士的行为引发了社会上激烈的争议。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的儿子Izzy想到的这个想法，并且对这次经历感到很高兴。A. idea想法；B. emotion情感；C. outcome结果；D. mission任务。根据下文“the expedition”可知，这里指的是Izzy独自坐地铁回家的主意。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他安全到家了，并且对这次经历感到很兴奋。A. surprised吃惊的；B. frightened害怕的；C. annoyed心烦的；D. excited兴奋的。根据上文“Her son, Izzy, whose ____2____ the expedition(出行) had been, was happy with the experience.”可知，Izzy对独自坐地铁回家的经历感到很兴奋。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他已经恳求几个星期了，想要被允许一个人去旅行。A. requested要求；B. allowed允许；C. desired渴望；D. invited邀请。根据上文“He had been begging”和下文“out on his own”可知，Izzy一直恳求父母，他能够被允许一个人去旅行。故选B。
25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Skenazy女士给了Izzy一张地铁地图、二十美元和一些零钱，以防他需要打电话。A. change零钱；B. property财产；C. benefit好处；D. wage工资。根据下文“in case he needed to make a phone call”可知，使用公用电话需要零钱。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但Skenazy女士的行为让她陷入了一场激烈的争论。A. arrangement安排；B. violence暴力；C. movement移动；D. argument争论。根据上文“When she wrote about how she had left her nine -year -old son in central New York and let him take the subway home alone, she caused a ____1____ media storm.”可知，Lenore Skenazy女士的行为引发了社会上激烈的争议。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管许多人出来支持她，但是她仍然被别人贴上“美国最糟糕的母亲”的标签。A. support支持；B. follow跟随；C. confirm证实；D. define下定义。根据上文“Although”可知，上下文是转折关系，下文提到她仍然被别人贴上“美国最糟糕的母亲”的标签，所以对应的应该是有人支持她。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她后来写到：“我的儿子只是做了我这个年龄段的大多数人在他这个年龄时经常做的事情：独自去了某个地方，没有安全信息。” A. possibly可能；B. usually经常；C. eventually最终；D. nearly几乎。根据上文“My son had simply done what most people my age had done”可知，这里是指一个人出去是Skenazy他们在那个年龄时经常做的事情。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：见第8题详解。A. alongside沿着；B. earlier更早；C. afterwards后来；D. sooner更快。根据上文““My son had simply done what most people my age had done ____8____ when they were his age: gone somewhere on his own, without a security detail.””可知，这是Skenazy后来写内容。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种危险想法的问题在于，过度保护本身就是一种危险。一个认为自己不能独自做任何事情的孩子最终就不能独自做任何事情。A. fear害怕；B. pressure压力；C. disability残疾；D. danger危险。根据上文“The problem with this dangerous idea is that overprotectiveness is a”可知，这里是指过度保护是不对的，本身就是一种危险。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：见第10题详解。A. on his own靠他自己；B. in his way以他方式；C. now and then偶尔；D. more or less或多或少。根据上文“gone somewhere on his own”可知，这里是指独自一个人做事情。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：那么，我们是否生活在一种厌恶风险的文化中，我们从不允许孩子承担合理的风险，从而限制了他们处理危险的能力？A. get into进入；B. look into研究；C. take on呈现；D. deal with处理。根据上文“we limit our children’s ability to”可知，这里指限制了孩子们独自处理问题的能力。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第12题详解。A. steps步子；B. risks冒险；C. charge管理；D. control控制。根据上文“we limit our children’s ability to ____12____ danger by never allowing them to take reasonable”可知，作者认为家长们没有允许孩子承担合理的风险。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：西方社会给它的孩子们太多的保护吗？A. stress压力；B. freedom自由；C. protection保护；D. barrier障碍。根据上文“she was labeled “America’s worst mom” by others.”可知，作者提出，西方社会给了它的孩子们太多的保护。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：或者是Skenazy女士的行为让她的孩子牵涉了不必要的危险？A. appeal吸引；B. fancy喜欢；C. involve涉及；D. occur发生。根据下文“her son in unnecessary danger”可知，这里是指一些人认为Skenazy女士的行为让她的孩子牵涉了不必要的危险。故选C。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hua Weiguang, ___36___ retired teacher from Tongliao, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, is a photography enthusiast.
A decade ago, the arrival of tree planters ___37___ (catch) Hua’s attention and the photos of the tree planters ___38___ (take) by Hua are evidence of the ___39___ (remark) transformation of the land. In those photos, hats, scarves and goggles, for the workers fighting desertification, are basic necessities to protect them ___40___ the wind and sand. There was no way to avoid the brutal summer heat in the land so the workers had to lie down on the ground or curl up in the narrow shade of their cars to cool off. And they also had to eat their lunch amid the blowing sands, taking in the small pieces of sand with their food.
“___41___ we don’t fool the tree, it won’t fool you. You take it ___42___ (serious), and then it behaves in the same way to you. You put efforts to make it live, and the tree lives up to your ___43___ (expect),” the planters say.
China’s forest resources have increased by over 70 million hectares in the past decade, ___44___ (rank) first in the world. One tree after another, a green Great Wall has been built. Brush by brush, a green field ____45____ (paint) over the yellow sandy land up to now.
【答案】36. a 37. caught
38. taken 39. remarkable
40. from 41. If
42. seriously
43. expectation##expectations
44. ranking
45. has been painted
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了来自内蒙古通辽的一名退休教师华维光，爱好摄影。十年前，他发现家乡周围的沙地来了很多治沙工人，便开始用相机记录。在他的镜头下曾经的枯木黄沙开始出现绿意。渐渐地，草木茂盛，黄沙难寻。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：华卫光是内蒙古通辽的一名退休教师，他是一名摄影爱好者。分析句子可知，修饰可数名词teacher，应填不定冠词，表示泛指“一位退休教师”，且retired的首字母发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：十年前，种树人的到来引起了华的注意，他拍摄的种树人的照片是这片土地显著变化的证据。根据前面的时间状语A decade ago可知，空处谓语动词应用应用一般过去时形式caught，表示“抓住”。故填caught。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：十年前，种树人的到来引起了华的注意，他拍摄的种树人的照片是这片土地显著变化的证据。分析句子结构可知，此句中已有谓语动词are，空格处用非谓语形式，且take和其逻辑主语the photos为动宾关系，故用过去分词形式taken。故填taken。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：十年前，种树人的到来引起了华的注意，他拍摄的种树人的照片是这片土地显著变化的证据。根据该空前面的the和后面的名词transformation可知，此处应填形容词remarkable作定语，修饰后面的名词，表示“显著的”。故填remarkable。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：在这些照片中，帽子、围巾和护目镜对治沙工人来说是保护他们免受风沙侵袭的基本必需品。空处涉及固定短语protect......from......表示“保护……免受……”，符合语境。故填from。
【41题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：如果我们骗不了树，它也骗不了你。根据句意可知，此处表示条件，意为“倘若，如果”，应填连词If引导一个条件状语从句，且位于句首，注意首字母大写。故填If。
【42题详解】
考查副词和固定搭配。句意：你认真对待它，它也会以同样的方式对待你。空处涉及固定搭配take sth. seriously，表示“重视……，认真对待……”，符合语境。故填seriously。
【43题详解】
考查名词及固定搭配。句意：你努力让它活下去，这棵树就会达到你的期望。空处涉及固定搭配live up to one’s expectation(s)表示“不辜负某人的期望”，所以空处应填expectation或expectations，表示“期望，期待”。故填expectation或expectations。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：近十年来，中国森林资源增加了7000多万公顷，居世界第一。空处在句中作伴随状语，与句子主语China’s forest resources为逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词形式ranking表主动，表示“排名”。故填ranking。
【45题详解】
考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：直到现在，黄色的沙地上已经刷上了一片绿色的田野。根据句中的时间状语up to now可知，应使用现在完成时。主语a green field是第三人称单数形式，故谓语动词用单数。因谓语动词paint与其主语a green field之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态。故填has been painted。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，写信给外国朋友Miriam，告知她China Daily正面向曾经来华的海外人士举办主题为“中国让我没想到”的短视频征集活动，并鼓励她参加，具体详情可至my china surprise. i21st. cn 网站了解。内容包括：
1.活动相关内容；
2.鼓励与期待。
注意
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答；
3.参考词汇：“中国让我没想到”My China Surprise。
Dear Miriam,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Li Hua
【答案】

Dear Miriam,
How is everything going? News comes that China Daily will launch a short film project, whose targets are foreigners who have been to China before, so I would like to invite you to be involved.
With the theme of My China Surprise, the project welcomes stories about life in China from foreigners perspectives. It can be presented in various ways, like speech, interview and talent show. As you have studied and worked in China for over ten years, I am convinced that your stories with China are inspiring, so it is a good chance that can’t be missed.
If you are interested, you can click on my china surprise.i21st.cn for further information. Your participation is highly anticipated.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国朋友Miriam写信件，告知她China Daily正面向曾经来华的海外人士举办主题为“中国让我没想到”的短视频征集活动，并鼓励她参加，具体详情可至my china surprise. i21st. cn 网站了解。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举办：launch→ hold
目标：target → aim
主题：theme→ topic
机会：chance→ opportunity
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With the theme of My China Surprise, the project welcomes stories about life in China from foreigners’ perspectives.
拓展句：The project whose theme is My China Surprise welcomes stories about life in China from foreigners’ perspectives.
【点睛】【高分句型1】News comes that China Daily will launch a short film project, whose targets are foreigners who have been to China before, so I would like to invite you to be involved.（运用了that引导的同位语从句和whose引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】With the theme of My China Surprise, the project welcomes stories about life in China from foreigners perspectives.（运用了with的复合结构作状语）
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On a cold windy day, a poor boy tried to pay his way through school by selling goods door to door. Wandering on the street, he was not a successful seller. What’s worse, he found that he only had one dime left. His empty stomach reminded him constantly that for days he hadn’t eaten anything. He had no choice but to beg for a meal at the next house. Hesitantly he knocked at a door, thinking about what to say when it was opened. However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. “What can I do for you?” asked the young woman. The boy paused for a while, “Would you please give me some...a drink of water?” the boy dared not to look directly into her eyes. She looked at the bony boy and thought he might need something to give him energy so she brought him a glass of milk. His head rising and small hands taking the cup, he drank it up slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied with a warm smile on her face. “My mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.”Deeply moved, he said sincerely, “Then I shall thank you from the bottom of my heart.” As Howard Kelly left that house, he not only felt stronger physically, but it also increased his faith in the whole human race. As a matter of fact, he was about to give up and quit before that point.
Years later the young woman became critically ill. However, the local doctors were unable to give an effective medical treatment. Finally they sent her to a hospital in the big city, where specialists can be called in to cure her rare disease. Among those famous specialists, Dr. Howard Kelly was called in for the consultation. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Immediately, he rose and went down through the hospital hall into her room.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dressed in his doctor’s gown, he went in to see her.
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The bill was sent to her room.
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【答案】

Dressed in his doctor’s gown, he went in to see her. He saw her lie on the bed and recognized her at once. Her lovely face looked pale. He went back to the consultation room and determined to do his best to save her life. From that day on, he gave special attention to her case. Luckily, after a long struggle, she made a full recovery. Dr. Kelly requested the business office to pass the final bill to him for approval. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side.
The bill was sent to her room. Hesitantly she took it. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay it off. Finally she opened it, on the side of which a note caught her attention. She read these words, “Paid in full with a glass of milk.” signed Dr. Howard Kelly. Tears of joy flooded her eyes.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了贫穷的Kelly在小时候为了能够攒够学费，挨家挨户的推销商品，尽管如此，他还是没能成功，最后兜里只剩下一角钱。在别无选择的情况下，他敲开了一扇门，一个善良的女孩给了他一杯牛奶。也正是这样一个善良的行为让Kelly重拾人生信心。多年后，Kelly成为了一位知名医生，他遇到了一位病人，该病人就是小时候帮助过他的那位女孩，Kelly为女孩治病并且为她支付了所有的医疗费用，来感激她当年善意行为的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“他穿着医生的大褂，进去看她。”可知，第一段可描写Kelly进病房认出女人并且下定觉醒帮助她。
②由第二段首句内容“账单被送到了她的房间。”可知，第二段可描写女人收到账单时的反应以及最后，得知真相的感受。
2.续写线索：见到女人——决定帮助——挽救她的生命——支付账单——女人恢复——得知真相——备受感动
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.返回：go back to/return to
②.尽全力做：do one’s best to do /make every effort to do
③.吸引注意力：catch one’s attention/draw one’s attention
情绪类
①.犹豫地：hesitantly /vacillatingly
②.快乐：joy/pleasure/delight
【点睛】[高分句型1]. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay it off. （由that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. Finally she opened it, on the side of which a note caught her attention. （由介词+关系代词构成的定语从句）
听力答案：1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. A 11. C 12. C 13. B 14. C 15. C 16. A 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. B