2022常州教育学会高二下学期期末学业水平监测英语试题含解析

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常州市教育学会学业水平监测
高二英语试题
第一部分 听力（满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does the woman come to the town?
A. For a meeting. B. For business. C. For a vacation.
2. What will the woman do in the new year?
A. Eat more meat and more vegetables. B. Eat more meat and fewer vegetables.
C. Eat less meat and more vegetables.
3. Who is the woman traveling with?
A. Her friends. B. The man. C. No one.
4. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Try his dentist. B. Talk to his dentist. C. Follow his example.
5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Parent and child.
B. Applicant and interviewer.
C. Classmates.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Where does man want to go?
A. Hilton Hotel. B. The nearest bus stop. C. The Central Railway Station.
7. How will he man go there?
A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By train.
听第7段材料，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. Who owns a pet dog?
A. The man. B. The woman. C. The woman’s grandparent.
9. What makes the woman want to have a pet?
A. Pets can make life interesting.
B. Pets can watch the house.
C. Pets can give people comfort.
听第8段材料，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At home. B. At a police station. C. In a jewelry store.
11. What docs the man find missing?
A. Some cash. B. Some jewelry. C. Nothing.
12. What are the speakers going to do?
A. Go upstairs. B. Call the police. C. Wait for the police.
听第9段材料，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. Why does the woman come to her uncle’s house?
A. To keep Lee company.
B. To collect a donation.
C. To find some skeletons.
14. What does Stein put in the suitcase?
A. A skeleton.
B. A large number of money
C. Wooden masks.
15. How does the man feel in the house?
A. Surprised. B. Terrified. C. Delighted.
16. Who died in an accident?
A. Frank Stein himself. B. Stein’s second wife. C. Stein’s first wife.
听第10段材料，回答第17至第20四个小题
17. What is the speaker talking about!
A. Sleep and health.
B. Sleep and productivity.
C. Sleep and money.
18. How many hours of sleep is considered enough?
A. At least seven hours.
B. As many hours as possible.
C. More than eight hours.
19. How much money is lost for one worker because of not getting enough sleep?
A. $300 a year.
B. $63.2 thousand a year.
C. $2,280 a year.
20. What will the workers at Aetna get if they exercise?
A. Extra cash. B. Sleep medicine. C. More hours of sleep.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Our Products and Services
Model 3
Model 3 is a four-door mid-size sedan (轿车) that we designed with a base price for mass-market appeal, which we began delivering in July 2017. We currently build Model 3 at the Fremont Factory as well as at Gigafactory Shanghai. We currently offer Model 3 in Rear-wheel Drive (后轮驱动) and Dual Motor All-wheel Drive versions.
Model Y
Model Y is a sport utility vehicle (“SUV”) built on the Model 3 platform with the ability for seating for up to seven adults. We currently build Model Y at the Fremont Factory, and are further raising production there and making preparations for production next at Gigafactory Shanghai. We currently offer Model Y in some Dual Motor All-wheel Drive versions.
Model S and Model X
Model S is a four-door full-size sedan that we began delivering in June 2012. Like Model 3, it introduced Tesla vehicle most basic features such as a large touchscreen driver interface, Auto-driving hardware, over-the-air software updates, and fast charging through our Supercharger network.
Model X is a mid-size SUV with seating for up to seven adults, which we began delivering in September 2015. Model X introduced features including unique falcon (鹰) wing doors for easy access to passenger seating and an all-glass panoramic (全景的) windshield (挡风玻璃).
Model S and Model X are equipped with a standard Dual Motor All-wheel Drive powertrain, and are also available in Performance versions. We build Model S and Model X at the Fremont Factory.
1. What can we know about Model 3 and Model S?
A. They are both a SUV. B. They both have Rear-wheel Drive.
C. They both have Auto-driving hardware D. Neither of them can be fast charged.
2. Which model is most suitable for a big family of five children who want a better view in a car?
A. Model 3. B. Model Y. C. Model S. D. Model X.
3. What do all the Tesla models have in common according to the passage?
A. Dual Motor All-wheel Drive. B. Falcon wing doors.
C. Having a factory in Shanghai. D. Seating for up to seven people.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍几款特斯拉汽车。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Model S and Model X部分“Like Model 3, it introduced Tesla vehicle most basic features such as a large touchscreen driver interface, Auto-driving hardware, over-the-air software updates, and fast charging through our Supercharger network.”(像 Model 3一样，它引入了特斯拉汽车最基本的功能，如大触摸屏驱动程序界面，自动驾驶硬件，无线软件升级，通过我们的增压器网络快速充电。)可知，Model S和Model 3都有自动驾驶硬件。故选C。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据Model S and Model X部分“Model X is a mid-size SUV with seating for up to seven adults, which we began delivering in September 2015. Model X introduced features including unique falcon(鹰) wing doors for easy access to passenger seating and an all-glass panoramic(全景的) windshield(挡风玻璃).”(X型是一辆中型 SUV，可容纳7名成年人，我们从2015年9月开始交付。型号X引入了一些功能，包括独特的鹰翼门，方便乘客进入座位和全玻璃全景挡风玻璃。)可知，Model X可容纳7名成年人，全玻璃全景挡风玻璃，所以有5个孩子的大家庭，并且想有好的车内观景需求的可以选择这款汽车。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Model 3部分“We currently offer Model 3 in Rear-wheel Drive(后轮驱动) and Dual Motor All-wheel Drive versions.”(我们目前提供3型后轮驱动和双电机四轮驱动版本)、Model Y部分“We currently offer Model Y in some Dual Motor All-wheel Drive versions.”(我们目前给型号Y提供一些双电机四轮驱动版本)和Model S and Model X部分“Model S and Model X are equipped with a standard Dual Motor All-wheel Drive powertrain”(型号S和型号X配备了标准的双电机四轮驱动动力总成)可知，这几款特斯拉汽车都有双电机四轮驱动版本，这是它们的共同点。故选A。
B
Xu Yuanchong was a famous Chinese translator, best known for translating Chinese ancient poems into English and French. Xu was born in 1921 in Nanchang, Jiangxi. His mother, who was well educated had great impact on Xu in the pursuit of beauty and literature. When studying at the Provincial Nanchang No. 2 High School, he excelled in English. In 1938 he was admitted to the Department of Foreign Languages, National Southwest Associated University, a school history and graduates have played a central role in modern China. 1939 was unusual for him. As an undergraduate, he met his mentor Qian Zhongshu, a renowned Chinese scholar and writer. That year also witnessed his one-sided love to the girl sitting next to him in class.
Also in this year Xu translated a poem for the first time — “Don’t Cast Away”, written by Chines architect Lin Huiyin. At university, Xu gave outstanding performances in English, Russian, French, while even hosting Shakespeare classes, clearly showing a gift for translation. In 1941, at a reception welcoming General Claire Lee Chennault, commander of the US Army Air Force “Flying Tigers”, Xu, who was a senior student at the time, borrowed Lincoln’s well-known phrase “of the people, by the people, for the people” in order to refer to Sun Yat-sen’s “Three Principles of the people (三民主义)”, solving the communication difficulty between the Chinese and American representatives. It soon became a story on everyone’s lips. Because of this, Xu was regarded as one of the “Five Geniuses” of the National Southwest Associated University. In 1949, Xu Yuanchong was studying in France. After his graduation, Xu returned to China and devoted himself to education and translation. In 1979, Xu first proposed the “Three Beauties Theory” in a letter to scholar Zhu Guangqian. According to his theory, a good translator should convey the beauty in image, the beauty in sound and the beauty in form, to his readers in his translated works. Xu managed to be such a translator himself.
4. What made Xu a good translator?
A. Ability to find beauty. B. Love from family and friends.
C. Studying more than one foreign language. D. Uniting education and translation.
5. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Lincoln’s well-known phrase. B. Xu’s outstanding work.
C. Three Principles of the People. D. The communication difficulty.
6. Which of the following best describe Xu’s career?
A. Simple. B. Rough. C. Fruitful. D. Romantic.
7. How does the author develop this article?
A. By contrast. B. By time order. C. By example. D. By space order.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述著名翻译家许渊冲的学习经历和翻译成就。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“His mother, who was well educated had great impact on Xu in the pursuit of beauty and literature.”(他的母亲受过良好的教育，对他追求美和文学有很大的影响。)和第二段“According to his theory, a good translator should convey the beauty in image, the beauty in sound and the beauty in form, to his readers in his translated works. Xu managed to be such a translator himself.”(根据他的理论，一个好的译者应该在译作中向读者传达意象美、声音美和形式美。许渊冲自己就成功的成为了这样的一个翻译家。)可知，有发现美的能力使得许渊冲成为一个好的翻译家。故选A。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“In 1941, at a reception welcoming General Claire Lee Chennault, commander of the US Army Air Force “Flying Tigers”, Xu, who was a senior student at the time, borrowed Lincoln’s well-known phrase “of the people, by the people, for the people” in order to refer to Sun Yat-sen’s “Three Principles of the people(三民主义)”, solving the communication difficulty between the Chinese and American representatives. It soon became a story on everyone’s lips.”(一九四一年，在欢迎美国陆军空军“飞虎队”司令陈纳德的招待会上，当时还是大四学生的许渊冲，借用林肯的名言“人民的，由人民的，为人民的”来指代孙中山的“三民主义”，解决了中美两国代表之间的沟通困难。它很快成了每个人口中传颂的事。)可推知，这里的“It”指代许渊冲在招待会上出色的表现。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Xu Yuanchong was a famous Chinese translator, best known for translating Chinese ancient poems into English and French.”(许渊冲是中国著名的翻译家，以将中国古代诗歌翻译成英文和法文而闻名。)和第二段“Xu was regarded as one of the “Five Geniuses” of the National Southwest Associated University. In 1949, Xu Yuanchong was studying in France. After his graduation, Xu returned to China and devoted himself to education and translation. In 1979, Xu first proposed the “Three Beauties Theory” in a letter to scholar Zhu Guangqian.”(许渊冲被誉为全国西南联大的“五大天才”之一。1949年，许渊冲在法国留学。毕业后，许渊冲回到中国，致力于教育和翻译事业。1979年，许渊冲在给学者朱光潜的一封信中首次提出“三美学说”)可推知，许渊冲是一个有丰硕的成就的人。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Xu was born in 1921 in Nanchang, Jiangxi. His mother, who was well educated had great impact on Xu in the pursuit of beauty and literature. When studying at the Provincial Nanchang No. 2 High School, he excelled in English. In 1938 he was admitted to the Department of Foreign Languages, National Southwest Associated University, a school history and graduates have played a central role in modern China. 1939 was unusual for him. ”(许渊冲1921年出生于江西南昌。他的母亲受过良好的教育，对他追求美和文学有很大的影响。在省南昌市第二中学学习时，他的英语成绩优异。1938年考入国立西南联合大学外语系，那是一所其历史和毕业生在近代中国发挥了重要作用的学校。1939年对他来说很不寻常。) 和第二段“In 1941, at a reception welcoming General Claire Lee Chennault, commander of the US Army Air Force “Flying Tigers”, Xu, who was a senior student at the time, borrowed Lincoln’s well-known phrase “of the people, by the people, for the people” in order to refer to Sun Yat-sen’s “Three Principles of the people(三民主义)”, solving the communication difficulty between the Chinese and American representatives. It soon became a story on everyone’s lips. Because of this, Xu was regarded as one of the “Five Geniuses” of the National Southwest Associated University. In 1949, Xu Yuanchong was studying in France. After his graduation, Xu returned to China and devoted himself to education and translation. In 1979, Xu first proposed the “Three Beauties Theory” in a letter to scholar Zhu Guangqian.”(一九四一年，在欢迎美国陆军空军“飞虎队”司令陈纳德的招待会上，许渊冲借用林肯的名言“人民的、由人民的、为人民的”来指代孙中山的“三民主义”，解决了中美代表之间的沟通困难。它很快成了每个人口中传颂的事。正因为如此，许渊冲被誉为全国西南联大的“五大天才”之一。1949年，许渊冲在法国留学。毕业后，许渊冲回到中国，致力于教育和翻译事业。1979年，许渊冲在给学者朱光潜的一封信中首次提出“三美学说”。)可推知，这篇文章按照时间顺序描述了著名翻译家许渊冲的学习经历和翻译成就。故选B。
C
Environmental stressors that push honeybees to begin searching food earlier in life can cause a domino effect on hives (蜂巢), quickening their sudden collapse, a new study suggests.
The study showed that too many young bees leaving the hive can cause a tipping point in the tight society of a hive, leading to colony (群体) collapse within weeks.
“There was a suggestion that there was some type of difference between precocious foragers (觅食者) and normal aged foragers,” said Perry, a molecular biologist Clint Perry of Queen Mary University.
So researchers set up experimental hives that would in effect force bees to begin foraging earlier. They also tracked bees in a normal hive, where social roles are regulated, keeping age groups in balance.
Colonies regularly protect against unexpected high loss of foragers by sending bees out earlier, but they rapidly return to stability. But if death rate roughly doubled, the model showed, the colony would be locked in a negative feedback circle of more young bees foraging at younger ages, leading to less stored food and fewer baby bees.
“Since the younger bees are not as good at it, they are going to die sooner, and they’re going to not be bringing back as much food, thereby causing more younger bees to go out, and more younger bees to not do as well, and that will cause continuous feedback that will destroy the colony in a short time,” said Perry.
The researchers are continuing their experiments and hope to come up with ways to identify a colony at risk of collapse. “The priority is finding ways that we can identify colonies at risk of failure as early as possible so you can intervene and do whatever you need to support them and to help heal themselves.” said Perry.
8. What cause a hive to collapse more quickly?
A. Too tight a society of it. B. Too many bees in it.
C. High loss of young foragers. D. High pressure from other bees.
9. What does the underlined word “precocious” in the 3rd paragraph mean?
A. uncommonly early B. abnormal C. easily damaged D. dynamic
10. What would happen to the colony if twice the foragers died?
A. The colony would heal itself. B. The colony would get expanded.
C. More young bees would be free of risk. D. More young bees would be sent to seek food.
11. What’s the author’s main purpose in writing the article?
A. To ask for joint efforts. B. To introduce a phenomenon.
C. To express his emotions. D. To comment on a study.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述一项新的研究表明，迫使蜜蜂在生命早期开始寻找食物的环境压力可能会对蜂巢造成多米诺骨牌效应，加速它们的突然崩溃。所以作者号召大家共同努力，找到方法，能够尽早识别面临失败风险的蜂巢群体，这样就可以进行干预，并采取一切必要措施支持它们，帮助它们自愈。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The study showed that too many young bees leaving the hive can cause a tipping point in the tight society of a hive, leading to colony(群体) collapse within weeks.”(该研究表明，太多的年轻蜜蜂离开蜂巢可能会导致蜂巢紧密社会的一个临界点。导致蜂群在几周内崩溃。)可知，太多的年轻蜜蜂离开蜂巢，导致蜂群很快崩溃。故选C。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“There was a suggestion that there was some type of difference between precocious foragers(觅食者) and normal aged foragers”(有一种说法认为，precocious的觅食者和正常老年的觅食者之间存在某种差异。)可知，precocious是形容词，和后面的形容词“normal aged(正常老年的)”构成对比，所以意思应该是“早熟的”，和选项A意思一致。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“But if death rate roughly doubled, the model showed, the colony would be locked in a negative feedback circle of more young bees foraging at younger ages, leading to less stored food and fewer baby bees.”(但是模型显示，如果死亡率大约翻一番，蜂群将被锁定在一个负反馈循环中，更多的年轻蜜蜂在更年轻的时候觅食，导致储存的食物更少，更少的小蜜蜂。)可知，如果死亡率翻倍的话，更多的年轻蜜蜂将会在更年轻的时候被派出去觅食。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The researchers are continuing their experiments and hope to come up with ways to identify a colony at risk of collapse. “The priority is finding ways that we can identify colonies at risk of failure as early as possible so you can intervene and do whatever you need to support them and to help heal themselves.” said Perry.”(研究人员正在继续他们的实验，并希望找到方法来确定一个有崩溃风险的群体。“当务之急是找到方法，让我们能够尽早识别面临失败风险的群体，这样你就可以进行干预，并采取一切必要措施支持它们，帮助它们自愈。”佩里说。)可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是想让更多的人参与进来，共同努力，找到方法，能够尽早识别面临失败风险的蜂巢群体，这样就可以进行干预，并采取一切必要措施支持它们，帮助它们自愈。故选A。
D
Hours after I gave birth to my first child, my husband cradled all five pounds of our boy and said gently, “Hi, sweet pea.” Not “buddy” or “little man.” The words filled me with unexpected comfort. Like most parents, we knew what we’d name our son but never discussed what we’d speak to him. I was witnessing my husband’s commitment to raising a sweet boy.
Boys have always known they could do anything; all they had to do was look around at their president, religious leaders, professional athletes and the statues that stand in cities. Girls have always known they are allowed to feel anything. While girls are encouraged to be not just dancers but also astronauts, boys-who already know they can walk on the moon and dominate Silicon Valley — don’t receive clear encouragement to fully access their emotions. Actually, we don’t need to deny differences between boys and girls. We do need to recognize that children by nature, regardless of gender, harbor (庇护) sweetness that we, as a society, would do well to promote and preserve.
Sweet boys grow up to be men who recognize the strength in being vulnerable (柔弱) and empathetic. Men who are not threatened by criticism or competition from people whom they consider as “other” — be it skin color, sexual orientation, religion, education or whatever. Sweet boys are children who’ve been given, by their parents and wider society the permission to feel everything and to express those emotions without shame.
At a young age, this should be done clearly, in organized forums for discussions at school. Parents must invite their sons to be sad, afraid, hurt, silly and affectionate, and hug them as often as they do to their daughters. Sweet boys learn early on that they can defend themselves against loneliness by reaching out and asking for support.
Boys will not be merely boys. If we let them, boys will be human.
12. Why was the author filled with surprising comfort in the first paragraph?
A. Sweet pea was a sweet name for a baby.
B. Sweet pea was a proper name for a boy.
C. She felt her husband’s intention to raise their son sweet.
D. She felt her husband’s love and responsibility to her.
13. What does the author mainly want to say in the second paragraph?
A. Boys are different from girls. B. Boys are not raised correctly.
C. Children are born to be sweet. D. Children should be protected.
14. Sweet boys grow up to be men who ______.
A. won’t feel shameful to be vulnerable and sympathetic
B. will be more stressed to face competition from others
C. will be threatened by others’ criticism
D. will be treated as vulnerable by others
15. What is the best title of this passage?
A. How to Raise a Sweet Boy. B. Boys Are Only Boys.
C. Seeing the Man in Your Son. D. The benefits of Raising a Boy.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述人们对待男孩也应该要有甜蜜的态度，男孩子也有可爱的一面，也应该用温柔和爱去保护他，给他们依靠。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The words filled me with unexpected comfort. Like most parents, we knew what we’d name our son but never discussed what we’d speak to him. I was witnessing my husband’s commitment to raising a sweet boy.”(这些话使我感到意想不到的安慰。像大多数父母一样，我们知道给儿子取什么名字，但从不讨论和他说什么。我见证了我丈夫对抚养一个可爱男孩的承诺。)可知，作者感到安慰，是因为她从丈夫的话里面体会到丈夫有意好好地抚养儿子。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“While girls are encouraged to be not just dancers but also astronauts, boys-who already know they can walk on the moon and dominate Silicon Valley-don’t receive clear encouragement to fully access their emotions. Actually, we don’t need to deny differences between boys and girls. We do need to recognize that children by nature, regardless of gender, harbor(庇护) sweetness that we, as a society, would do well to promote and preserve.”(女孩不仅被鼓励成为舞蹈演员，而且还被鼓励成为宇航员，而男孩——他们已经知道他们可以在月球上行走并主宰硅谷——却没有得到明确的鼓励来充分表达他们的情绪。事实上，我们不需要否认男孩和女孩之间的差异。我们确实需要认识到，儿童天生，无论性别，都心怀甜蜜，作为一个社会，我们应该好好促进和保存这种甜蜜。)可知，在第二段，作者想要说的是男孩实际上没有被鼓励表达自己的情感，没有被正确地抚养。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Sweet boys grow up to be men who recognize the strength in being vulnerable(柔弱) and empathetic. Men who are not threatened by criticism or competition from people whom they consider as “other”—be it skin color, sexual orientation, religion, education or whatever. Sweet boys are children who’ve been given, by their parents and wider society the permission to feel everything and to express those emotions without shame.”(可爱的男孩长大后成为认识到脆弱和同理心的力量的男人。那些没有受到批评或来自他们认为是“他人”的人的竞争的威胁的男人——无论是肤色、性取向、宗教、教育还是其他什么。可爱的男孩是那些得到父母和更广泛的社会许可，去感受一切，去表达这些情感而不感到羞耻的孩子。)可知，可爱的男孩会成长为不会因为自己脆弱和有同理心而感到羞耻的人。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Boys will not be merely boys. If we let them, boys will be human.”(男孩不仅仅是男孩。如果我们允许，男孩将会是男人。)以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了我们要看到儿子们内心的那个人，即男孩也会像任何一个人一样，既有男子汉气，也是可爱甜蜜的。C项“看到你儿子的男子汉气概”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选C。
第一节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Weeds, the fast-growing plants that cannot be eaten and do not bring flowers, are a common problem for gardeners. ____16____ Others pull them up by hand or with heavy machinery. Luckily, there are other ways to limit their growth.
For starters, there are mulches (护根) which can bury weeds. Mulches are made from organic materials, such as leaves, grass cuttings, and small pieces of wood, or inorganic material like plastic. ____17____
Organic mulches break down over time so you must add more to your garden often. That is not a bad thing, because their decomposition (分解) creates nutrients for plants and humus (腐殖土) to keep soils wet and full of fresh air.
____18____ Common black plastic is easy to lay down. It also effectively blocks weeds and helps soil warm faster in the spring. Recent experiments with other colored plastic have shown effects on both bugs and plant growth. A reflective plastic mulch, for example, keeps some plant-eating insects away.
A major problem with plastic is that it breaks apart over time, so eventually it needs to be thrown away. ____19____ And plastic can block air from reaching the soil, too.
One kind of mulch that combines some of the qualities of both plastic and organic material is paper. Paper mulch is easy to lay down and eventually decomposes. However, paper adds little to the soil in terms of humus or nutrients.
For larger gardens where the weeds are mainly grasses, a somewhat unusual way to control them is using the birds known as geese.
Using any or all of the methods will not permanently stop weed growth. ____20____
A. They are spread over the ground in a garden to control weeds.
B. Lying in soil are millions of weed seeds just waiting to be awakened by light and air.
C. Plastic mulch is another way to stop weeds.
D. Whether or not you dig up your soil also influences weed growth.
E. Some use chemicals to kill weeds.
F. Instead, your goal is simply to limit the growth in the garden.
G. It also adds nothing to the soil as far as nutrients or humus.
【答案】16. E 17. A 18. C 19. G 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何限制花园里的杂草。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Weeds, the fast-growing plants that cannot be eaten and do not bring flowers, are a common problem for gardeners.(杂草是一种生长迅速的植物，不能食用，也不会开花，是园丁们的常见问题)”以及后文“Others pull them up by hand or with heavy machinery. Luckily, there are other ways to limit their growth.(其他人用手或重型机械把它们拔出来。幸运的是，还有其他方法可以限制它们的生长)”可知，本句应当是在说明园丁处理杂草的方法，E选项中some对应后文others。故E选项“一些人使用化学药品来杀死杂草”符合语境，故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文“For starters, there are mulches (护根) which can bury weeds. Mulches are made from organic materials, such as leaves, grass cuttings, and small pieces of wood, or inorganic material like plastic.( 首先，覆盖物可以掩埋杂草。地膜是由有机材料制成的，如树叶、草屑和小块的木材，或无机材料，如塑料)”可知，上文提到了覆盖物可以掩埋杂草，本句为本段最后一句，承接上文说明其作用：它们在花园里铺满地面以控制杂草。故A选项“它们在花园里铺满地面以控制杂草”符合语境，故选A。
【18题详解】
根据后文“Common black plastic is easy to lay down. It also effectively blocks weeds and helps soil warm faster in the spring. Recent experiments with other colored plastic have shown effects on both bugs and plant growth. A reflective plastic mulch, for example, keeps some plant-eating insects away.(普通的黑色塑料很容易铺设。它还有效地阻止杂草，帮助土壤在春天更快地变暖。最近对其他有色塑料的实验表明，它们对昆虫和植物生长都有影响。例如，反光塑料覆盖物可以防止一些以植物为食的昆虫)”可知，后文提到了塑料覆盖物，C选项中Plastic mulch对应后文中plastic mulch。故C选项“塑料覆盖物是另一种阻止杂草的方法”符合语境，故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文“A major problem with plastic is that it breaks apart over time, so eventually it needs to be thrown away.(塑料的一个主要问题是，随着时间的推移，它会分解，所以最终需要扔掉)”以及后文“And plastic can block air from reaching the soil, too.(塑料也会阻止空气到达土壤)”可知，本句与后文并列，都是在说明塑料对阻止杂草的益处。故G选项“它对土壤没有任何营养或腐殖质的增加”符合语境，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Using any or all of the methods will not permanently stop weed growth.(使用任何一种或所有的方法都不能永久阻止杂草生长)”可知，上文提到使用任何一种或所有的方法都不能永久阻止杂草生长，故本句说明最终的结果是限制花园里杂草的生长。故F选项“因此，你的目标应该是限制花园里杂草的生长”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
As a kid, I liked going to school. But when the time came to ____21____ for tenth grade, I went to the principal’s office and told the staff my parents couldn’t afford the tuition. Although I was one of the ____22____ students in my class, I was sent home. It was a heartbreaking experience, as I ____23____ wanted to continue my education.
However, three days later, one of my classmates ____24____. He told me I could go back to school. When I asked him who had paid for me, he said the person wanted to remain anonymous (匿名的). I kept wondering who had given me the opportunity. I begged the principal to ____25____ the benefactor’s name. Upon my insistence, he informed me that was my teacher Olivia.
He explained when Ms. Olivia noticed my desk was empty, she ____26____ why I was not in school. Knowing I was sent home for lack of ____27____, she then told the principal to deduct (扣除) this from her ____28____. The whole year I sat in her class, thinking about her kind ____29____ but unable to express my _____30_____.
Years later, I received the master’s degree from Columbia University and made my _____31_____. I returned to the school to donate $4.5 million. While _____32_____ the donation, I advised the principal never to send any student away for lack of money, for one never knew what the student might become in the future.
Then I visited Ms Olivia and was able to thank her, but she changed the subject. I _____33_____ to assist her in any possible way, including financial help or special _____34_____ for her generosity, but she declined all offers.
But for her help, I wouldn’t have ended up as the publisher of an English newspaper. While this story is about Ms. Olivia, it is also a living _____35_____ that one person can definitely make a difference to others’ live.
21. A. register B. report C. account D. make
22 A. poor B. average C. top D. common
23. A. incredibly B. aggressively C. unavoidably D. desperately
24. A. went over B. came over C. took over D. got over
25. A. reveal B. tell C. demonstrate D. remember
26. A. desired B. inquired C. acquired D. required
27. A. quality B. performance C. competence D. funding
28. A. salary B. savings C. bonus D. credit
29. A. loan B. idea C. gesture D. service
30. A. respect B. appreciation C. expectation D. admiration
31. A. living B. room C. fortune D. mind
32. A. seizing B. handing C. using D. seeing
33 A. failed B. agreed C. happened D. offered
34. A. recognition B. appointment C. regulation D. schedule
35. A. passion B. teat C. drill D. proof
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述作者在上十年级时因为付不起学费而不得不被送回家，后来在奥利维亚女士的帮助下，又有机会上学，在大学毕业后自己有了赚钱的能力，作者还回馈了奥利维亚女士和学校，让跟他有一样困难的孩子可以不辍学。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是到了十年级报名的时候，我去了校长办公室，告诉他们我父母付不起学费。A. register注册；B. report报告；C. account账户；D. make制作。根据下文“I went to the principal’s office and told the staff my parents couldn’t afford the tuition.”可知，这是作者要上十年级的时候，要去注册报名。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管我是班里最好的学生之一，我还是被送回家了。A. poor糟糕的，穷的；B. average平均的；C. top顶尖的；D. common常见的。根据下文“I was sent home”可知，尽管作者的成绩好，还是因为没钱交学费而不能继续上学。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：那是一个令人心碎的经历，因为我迫切地想继续上学。A. incredibly难以置信地；B. aggressively好斗地；C. unavoidably不可避免地；D. desperately迫切地。根据上文“As a kid, I liked going to school.”可知，作者很喜欢上学，所以非常想继续他的学业。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，3天后，我的一个同班同学过来我家了。A. went over走过去；B. came over过来；C. took over接管；D. got over克服。根据下文“He told me I could go back to school.”可知，作者的一个同学去找他了。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我请求校长透露捐助人的名字。A. reveal透露；B. tell告诉；C. demonstrate示范；D. remember记得。根据上文“When I asked him who had paid for me, he said the person wanted to remain anonymous(匿名的).”和下文“the benefactor’s name”可知，作者想让校长透露捐助人的名字。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他解释说，当奥利维亚女士发现我的课桌是空的时候，她询问了我为什么没去上学。A. desired渴望；B. inquired询问；C. acquired获得；D. required需要，要求。根据下文“why I was not in school”可知，当奥利维亚女士发现作者的课桌是空的时候，她询问了作者没去上学的原因。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她知道我是因为缺钱才被送回家的，于是她告诉校长从她的工资里扣除这笔钱。A. quality质量；B. performance表演；C. competence竞争力；D. funding资金。根据上文“my parents couldn’t afford the tuition.”和“I was sent home for lack of”可知，作者是因为没有交学费而被送回家了，所以是缺少钱。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第7题详解。A. salary工资；B. savings存款；C. bonus奖金；D. credit学分。根据上文“she then told the principal to deduct (扣除) this from her”可知，奥利维亚女士帮助作者交了学费，所以她跟校长说，从她的工资里面扣。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：整整一年，我坐在她的班上，思考着她善良的行为，但却无法表达我的感激。A. loan贷款；B. idea想法；C. gesture姿态，表示；D. service服务。根据上文“thinking about her kind”可知，作者一直记着奥利维亚女士对他的表示（即帮助）。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第9题详解。A. respect尊敬；B. appreciation感激；C. expectation期待；D. admiration羡慕。根据上文“Knowing I was sent home for lack of ____7____, she then told the principal to deduct (扣除) this from her ____8____.”和下文“thank her”可知，奥利维亚女士对作者帮助很让他感激。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：几年后，我获得了哥伦比亚大学的硕士学位，也可以自己谋生了。A. living生活；B. room房间；C. fortune运气；D. mind思想。根据上文“Years later, I received the master’s degree from Columbia University and made my”可知，作者硕士毕业了，所以可以自己谋生，养活自己了。固定短语make one’s living是“谋生”的意思。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在捐款的时候，我建议校长不要因为缺钱就把学生送走，因为谁也不知道这个学生将来会变成什么样子。A. seizing抓住；B. handing递；C. using使用；D. seeing看见。根据下文“the donation”可知，作者要捐款，所以作者要把钱递给校长。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我表示愿意以任何可能的方式给她提供帮助，包括经济上的帮助或者特别的任命，感谢她的慷慨，但是她拒绝了所有的提议。A. failed失败；B. agreed同意；C. happened发生；D. offered提供。根据下文“but she declined all offers”可知，作者给奥利维亚女士提供了帮助。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第13题详解。A. recognition认可，认出；B. appointment任命，约会；C. regulation调节，规章；D. schedule时刻表。根据上文“I ____13____ to assist her in any possible way, including financial help or special”可知，作者想回报奥利维亚女士，可以给她在学校提供特别的任命。故选B。
35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这个故事是关于奥利维亚女士的，但它也是一个活生生的证据，证明一个人绝对可以改变别人的生活。A. passion热情；B. treat对待，治疗；C. drill训练；D. proof证据。根据上文“this story is about Ms. Olivia”和下文“that one person can definitely make a difference to others’ live”可知，这里指的是奥利维亚女士的故事给作者提供了一个实实在在的证据，证明一个人绝对可以改变别人的生活。故选D。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
语法填空
Italian professor Livio Zanini ____36____(devote) the last 30 years to spreading Chinese tea culture in Italy, starting a wave of enthusiasm for Chinese tea across the country.
Zanini, president of the Italian tea culture association, noted that it is his deep interest ____37____ Chinese culture ____38____ pushed him to learn Chinese language and tea culture, explaining that “Chinese tea is full of charm and has a ____39____(magic) attraction.”
Over the past 30 years, tea culture has become Zanini’s main research topic. In 1990, he earned the chance to study in Beijing, ____40____ he visited various tea-houses.
In addition to drinking tea, he also began to study tea culture by carefully reading some famous Chinese works on tea, ____41____ The Classic of Tea and The Record of Tea.
During his long term research of Chinese tea culture, ____42____ he found is that the Ming Dynasty was a very important period in its development, witnessing many important stages in the evolution of tea culture.
In order to share the happiness he got from tea, Zanini also attended various tea parties ____43____(hold) in Italy and has given many lectures about Chinese tea culture in Italian universities, ____44____ makes this profound culture popular in Rome, Venice, Milan and other famous cities in Italy.
Thanks to his hard work, the promotion and sales of Chinese tea have grown _____45_____(speed) in the past decade. There are now many premium tea shops in Rome, Milan and Naples.
【答案】36. has devoted
37. in 38. that
39. magical
40. where 41. including
42. what 43. held
44. which 45. speedily
【解析】
【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲述意大利教授Zanini以极大的热情在意大利传播中国茶文化。
【36题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：意大利教授 Livio Zanini 过去30年致力于在意大利传播中国茶文化，在全国掀起了中国茶的热潮。分析句子结构可知，这里强调主语在过去30年里做过的事情，所以用现在完成时，强调对现在的影响，主语是Italian professor Livio Zanini，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填has devoted。
【37题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：意大利茶文化协会会长Zanini说，正是他对中国文化的浓厚兴趣促使他学习中国语言和茶文化，“中国茶充满魅力，具有神奇的吸引力”。分析句子结构可知，这里考查固定搭配interest in，“对...感兴趣”的意思。故填in。
【38题详解】
考查强调句型。句意：见第2题详解。分析句子结构可知，it is his deep interest ____2____ Chinese culture ____3____ pushed him to learn Chinese language and tea culture是强调句型，his deep interest ____2____ Chinese culture是被强调部分，指物。故填that。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：见第2题详解。分析句子结构可知，这里需要形容词修饰后面的名词，表示“神奇的”意思。故填magical。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：1990年，他获得了在北京学习机会，在那里，他参观了各种茶馆。分析句子结构可知，____5____ he visited various tea-houses是非限制性定语从句，先行词Beijing在从句中做地点状语。故填where。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：除了喝茶，他还开始研究茶文化，仔细阅读一些著名的中国茶学著作，包括《茶经》和《茶记》。分析句子结构可知，这里需要介词，表示“包括”的意思。故填including。
【42题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：在长期研究中国茶文化的过程中，他发现明代是茶文化发展的重要时期，见证了茶文化发展的许多重要阶段。分析句子结构可知，____7____ he found是主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指物，“什么”的意思。故填what。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了分享他从茶中得到的快乐，Zanini还参加了在意大利举行的各种茶会，并在意大利大学做了许多关于中国茶文化的讲座，使这种深厚的文化在意大利的罗马、威尼斯、米兰和其他著名城市流行起来。分析句子结构可知，动词hold和被修饰的名词tea parties是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词，做后置定语，表示被动。故填held。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：见第8题详解。分析句子结构可知，____9____ makes this profound culture popular in Rome, Venice, Milan and other famous cities in Italy是非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句的内容，在从句中做主语，指物。故填which。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：由于他的努力，中国茶叶的推广和销售在过去的十年里发展迅速。分析句子结构可知，这里需要副词修饰动词，表示“快速地”意思。故填speedily。
第四部分 书面表达（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，你校英文报下期将组织读书节活动，请你撰写一篇文章向校报投稿，呼吁你校同学们重视阅读。文章内容包括：
1. 阅读的价值；
2. 你校学生不重视阅读的现状；
3. 加强阅读的途径。
注意：写作词数在80字左右。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Reading is very important in our life. Books are our friends. They introduce us different kinds of knowledge. They lead us down the road to success. Books are also our teachers. They teach us truth, science, literature, and philosophy of life. Besides, they increase our knowledge, enlarge our experience, strengthen our character and do many other things which we can not do without them.
However, with the growth of the Internet, many teenagers are keen on mobile phones and the Internet to get information. As a result, their interest in book reading drops greatly.
In order to read more books, I think we should plan our time wisely so that we can have more time to read. Moreover, it’s a good idea to set up reading clubs at school to encourage more students to read.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生撰写一篇文章向校报投稿，呼吁你校同学们重视阅读。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
此外：besides → what’s more
喜爱：be keen on → be fond of
下降：drop → decline
设立：set up → establish
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Books are also our teachers. They teach us truth, science, literature, and philosophy of life.
拓展句：Books are also our teachers, who teach us truth, science, literature, and philosophy of life.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Besides, they increase our knowledge, enlarge our experience, strengthen our character and do many other things which we can not do without them. (运用了which引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] In order to read more books, I think we should plan our time wisely so that we can have more time to read. (运用了省略that引导的宾语从句和so that引导的目的状语从句)
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。续写的词数应为150词左右。
As the late afternoon sun beat down on his farm, Brandon Leseberg decided to call it a day. As they often did, his two sons, Louie, 7, and Everett, 5, followed.
As they headed for the house, the two boys ran ahead of their father, who stopped to close the gate. Louie paused at a water spigot (龙头) atop an old well to ease his thirst. Unknown to the Lesebergs, the board covering the well had, over time, grown brittle (易碎的). When Louie stepped on it, it caved in.
When Brandon turned around, he was shocked. “Where’s Louie?” he shouted. “He fell in the hole!” Everett said. No! Louie can barely swim! He ran to the well and heard Louie splashing below. Instinctively, he jumped in. As he fell some 5 metres down well, Brandon somehow managed to grab on to a pipe that ran down the side of the well. Finally Brandon hit the cold water, and he grabbed Louie, who was panicked, trying to stay afloat in water.
“All right, Dad, you can pull us out now,” Louie said. If only it were that easy. The pipe that he’d grabbed during his fall was too slippery to be of any use. Looking up to see Everett looking down at them from the top of the well, Brandon shouted, “Everett, you’re going to have to be a big boy and save us. Run to the road and stand by the mailbox until someone stops. Tell them we need help!”
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
Everett did as he was told.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
The couple instantly began their rescue by throwing the rope into the well.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
Everett did as he was told. About 15 minutes later, Edmon and Sam, their neighbors, were driving by Brandon’s farm when they noticed Everett alone by the side of the road, waving. Hearing the accident from Everett, they picked him up and sped to Brandon’s house. Upon arrival, Edmon quickly jumped off the truck and grabbed a long thick rope.
Paragraph 2:
The couple instantly began their rescue by throwing the rope into the well. “Brandon,” Edmon shouted, “We’re going to send a rope down to you.” “OK, I’ll send Louie up first.” Brandon shouted back, freezing down there. With the rope tied around, the boy was pulled out first. Forty-some minutes after he’d jumped into the well to save his son, Brandon came out, cold and wet. Just as his neighbors reached out to grab him, he collapsed to the ground. Struggling to his feet, Brandon hugged his neighbors tightly, whispering “You save our lives! Thank you!” For him, words couldn’t express his gratitude for their timely rescue and they were his good neighbors forever.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Brandon Leseberg农场工作收工后，和两个儿子Louie和Everett一起回家。在父亲停下来关门时，Louie踩在覆盖在井上的木板上，由于木板老化断裂，他掉进了井里。因为Louie几乎不会游泳，Brandon立即跳入井里救他，但因为管子太滑，两人无法逃出。Brandon让井口的Everett去找人求助的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Everett照他说的做了。”可知，第一段可描写Everett是如何找到人救援的。
②由第二段首句内容“这对夫妇立刻把绳子扔进井里，开始营救。”可知，第二段可描写救援过程和Brandon对邻居的感激。
2.续写线索：寻找救援——展开救援——两人获救——感激邻居夫妇
3.词汇激活
行为类
①注意：notice/take note of
②一到达：upon arrival/as soon as sb. arrive (arrives/arrived)
③抓住，抓起：grab/catch hold of
情绪类
①感激：gratitude/appreciation
②紧紧地：tightly/firmly
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Hearing the accident from Everett, they picked him up and sped to Brandon’s house.(运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2]. Just as his neighbors reached out to grab him, he collapsed to the ground. (运用了由as引导的时间状语从句)