专题06 航空航天-备战中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练（中考真题+名校最新模拟题）

这是一份专题06 航空航天-备战中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练（中考真题+名校最新模拟题），共21页。
备战中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练
(中考真题+名校最新模拟真题)
专题06 航空航天
（2022·广西河池·中考真题）On Dec. 9, three Chinese astronauts gave a science lecture 400 kilometers above Earth! Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu who are working aboard the Tiangong space station, showed our students a glimpse of their life there. They also did some fun science experiments. Let’s take a look at some of them.
Use it or lose it
The human body grows with the pull of Earth’s gravity（重力）. But in space, our bones and muscles（肌肉） don’t need to support our body’s weight. This will cause bone and muscle loss. It’s reported that astronauts can lose up to 20% of their muscles after just a couple of weeks. That is dangerous for astronauts because they will be too weak to work.
Astronauts have different ways to prevent this. During the lecture, Zhai introduced a special uniform Ye was wearing. It’s called a “penguin suit”. There are many elastic bands（弹力带） inside the suit. Wearing it, astronauts use their muscles to stretch（拉伸） the bands. This keeps their muscles strong. Wang also showed students how she walked on a treadmill（跑步机） and rode a bicycle. Astronauts exercise with these tools every day to prevent muscle loss.
Space water is different
Water in space acts differently from water on Earth in other ways. For example, water will not flow（流动） downward if you try to pour it into a cup. That’s why astronauts usually drink water through straws（吸管） in sealed（密封的）bags. If astronauts cry, the tears will stay on their eyeballs instead of falling down. They have to wipe（擦拭） them away！
During another experiment, Wang made a water film（膜）. Then she added more water drops onto the film to make it a water ball. This can never happen on Earth.
1．The astronauts gave a ________ lecture 400 kilometers above Earth on Dec. 9.
A．science B．Chinese C．history D．geography
2．The astronauts might become weak in the space because ________.
A．their bodies will stop growing
B．they have to work for long hours
C．they might lose some of their muscles
D．their muscles have to support more weight
3．Zhai showed ________ to the students during the lecture.
A．Earth’s gravity B．a “penguin suit” C．a treadmill D．a bicycle
4．Which is NOT TRUE about water in space?
A．If astronauts cry, the tears will stay on their eyeballs.
B．If astronauts pour the water into a cup, it will flow downward.
C．If astronauts add more water drops onto the film, it will become a water ball.
D．The astronauts usually drink water through straws in sealed bags.
5．The word “_________” can best describe the lecture in space.
A．Boring B．Careless C．Dangerous D．Eye-opening
（2022·山东菏泽·中考真题）

The Beijing Winter Olympic Games were held from February 4 to 20, 2022 in three competition areas—downtown Beijing, its northwest Yanqing and Zhangjiakou in Hebei Province. High-tech things are everywhere, from the AI robots in the Olympic village, the referee system camera（裁判系统摄像机）to the building of the 12,000-square-meter ground of Ice Ribbon（冰丝带）. The Ice Ribbon was also called the “fastest ice” by the players to help them achieve their best performances.

Astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu were out of the return capsule（返回舱）of the Shenzhou-13 spaceship at the Dongfeng landing site in North China’s Inner Mongolia on Saturday morning, April 16, 2022. The three astronauts were all in good physical condition. They completed six-month space tasks, including two spacewalks and two science lectures. During their time in space, they made many achievements for China’s space program.

Chinese researchers reached the top of Qomolangma on Wednesday, May 4, 2022. They set up the world’s highest weather station at a height of 8,800 meters to study the effects of climate（气候）changes on the environment of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau（青藏高原）. The station allowed Chinese scientists to directly collect information for the first time from the top of the world’s highest mountain, which is 8,848.86 meters high.

6． What does the underlined phrase “fastest ice” refer to?
A．An AI robot. B．The Ice Ribbon. C．A camera.
7．What can we know about the Shenzhou-13?
A．It stayed in space for about one year.
B．It carried four Chinese astronauts in space.
C．It safely landed back on Earth on April 16, 2022.
8．What is the purpose of setting up the weather station on Qomolangma?
A．To study the effects of climate changes there.
B．To reach the top of Qomolangma more easily.
C．To get the exact height of Qomolangma.
（2022·四川雅安·中考真题）Sharing the Long Journey

The six-month stay for Chinese astronauts in the Tiangong space station has just ended. Before they returned to the earth, they faced one last test—returning home safely. What had they done before they left the station?
To go home after a long journey, you have to pack up. Besides their personal things, astronauts also need to bring home experimental data and samples (资料和样品) for further research on Earth.
The three astronauts also needed to clean “the house”. They must collect leftover food and the waste. The waste was put into the orbital module (轨道舱). It burned up as it enters Earth’satmosphere (大气层).
The astronauts must also put equipment (设备) back in place. They needed to make sure that things like gym equipment are fixed to the walls for safety.
Astronauts experience microgravity (微重力) for long periods of time. This affects their bodies. The three astronauts did physical exercises to keep strong. Experts made exercise plans for each of them to land safely.
Tiangong space station will be completed before the end of this year. Other astronauts will be sent there for further tasks.
9．How long did the three Chinese astronauts stay in the space station?
A．Six months. B．Seven months. C．Eleven months. D．One year.
10．What did they bring back to Earth?
A．Waste. B．Equipment.
C．Leftover food. D．Experimental data and samples.
11．What did they do with the waste?
A．They threw it away. B．They fixed it to the wall.
C．They put it into the orbital module. D．They brought it back to the earth.
12．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph S refer to?
A．Experts. B．Astronauts. C．Exercises. D．Experiments.
13．What is the writer’s purpose of writing the passage?
A．To introduce Tiangong space station.
B．To introduce astronauts’ physical exercises.
C．To tell the importance of the astronauts’ work.
D．To tell the returning of the Chinese astronauts from space.
（2022·贵州毕节·中考真题）China has four satellite launch bases（卫星发射基地）. They are Jiuquan in Gansu, Xichang in Sichuan, Taiyuan in Shanxi and Wenchang in Hainan.

Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center which was founded（建立）in 1958 is one of the four famous satellite launch bases in China. The center has created eight proud firsts for China’s space industry. On April 21, 1970, China’s first man-made earth satellite was raised there. The Long March 2F rocket carrying the Shenzhou XII manned spacecraft blasted off（发射）from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in June, 2021.

Xichang Satellite Launch Center, also known as Xichang Satellite City, was founded in 1970. After 37 years of development, the center has thousands of sets of excellent equipment（设备）. It is known as the “Oriental Houston（东方休斯顿）”.

Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center was founded in 1967. The center has launched China’s first weather satellite “Fengyun-1”, making nine firsts in the history of China’s satellite launches.

Wenchang Space Launch Center（founded in 2009）is now the fourth satellite launch center of China. Because it is only 19 degrees away from the equator（赤道）, more rocket loads（负载）are possible, making it the center of China’s space development in the future.
14．How many satellite launch bases are there in China according to the passage?
A．There are three. B．There are four. C．There are five. D．There are six.
15．What does the underlined words “manned spacecraft” mean in Chinese?
A．载人飞船 B．宇宙空间站 C．航空航天器 D．人造地球卫星
16．Which center is known as the “Oriental Houston”?
A．Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. B．Xichang Satellite Launch Center.
C．Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center. D．Wenchang Space Launch Center.
17．Choose the order of the foundation（成立）time of the four centers according to the following:
①Jiuquan          ②Xichang          ③Taiyuan        ④Wenchang
A．①②③④ B．③①④② C．③④②① D．①③②④
18．Which of the following is NOT right?
A．The center of Taiyuan has made nine firsts since 1967.
B．The Shenzhou XII manned spacecraft blasted off in June, 2021.
C．The center of Jiuquan has created eight proud firsts since 1968.
D．The center of Wenchang will be the center of China’s space development.
（2022·浙江杭州·中考真题）Can anyone be an astronaut?
Of course not. You don’t have to have a science degree but most astronauts do. Most of them are pilots too. Life in a spaceship is hard so you must have a healthy body and mind. You need to be easy-going, patient, and helpful to spend so much time in a small space with other people.
What’s the training like?
People have to train for a year to learn how to stay healthy and safe. They practise space walking and living in zero gravity(重力). They train in difficult conditions to learn how to solve problems and to work in a team. Everyday tasks like eating, washing and sleeping can be difficult on a spaceship. There is no running water so you have to wash with wet tissues: it’s hard to enjoy the dry food that astronauts have to eat. And to sleep you must cover your eyes because the sun rises every 90 minutes on the International Space Station. You also have to tie yourself to something so you don’t fly away!
What health problems do astronauts have?
Life in zero gravity causes changes to our bodies. Bones and muscles(肌肉) become thin and weak so you must do a lot of exercise in space to stay fit and to help the heart move blood around your body. Astronauts often get backache because you grow in space— up to 8 centimeters! It’s also common to have headaches and to feel sick, especially at the beginning. You must have vitamins to take the place of fresh fruit and vegetables. But you don’t have to put on sun cream because space suits can protect your skin (皮肤).
Are you still interested?
19．What is a must for an astronaut?
A．A science degree. B．A pilot’s license.
C．A healthy body and mind. D．A weak character.
20．What must you do to prepare for a space trip?
A．Experience zero gravity. B．Wash with running water.
C．Practise long walks. D．Sleep with your eyes open.
21．Why do astronauts have to exercise in space?
A．To make their bones and muscles thinner.
B．To help the heart work well and keep fit.
C．To avoid backache and grow much taller.
D．To stop their skins from getting sunburned.
22．What is the text maily about?
A．What we need to know to become an astronaut.
B．Why young people are interested in space trips?
C．What problems astronauts must solve in space.
D．Why we need to train hard before a space trip.
（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）Online classes in space got lots of attention among Chinese students. The “classroom” in space station is about 400 kilometers away from the earth. The space classes make the young be proud of our country. As a special “teacher”, Wang Yaping is regarded as “the most beautiful astronaut”.
Wang Yaping was born in a small village in Shandong in 1980. She studied hard all those years. She was good at all subjects, especially sports. Luckily, in 1997, she was accepted by the Air Force, Changchun Flight Academy.
Wang’s space dream started in 2003, when China sent its first astronaut Yang Liwei into space. She told herself, “China now has a male astronaut. When will there be a female one?” At that time, Wang was a pilot in the Chinese army. After having safe flights for 1,600 hours during nine years in the training center, Wang was a strong candidate (候选人) to become an astronaut in 2010. In 2013, Wang realized her space dream. She was sent to space by Shenzhou-10. She joined the team of Shenzhou-13 in 2021 and flew into the space for the second time.
However, it is difficult to be an astronaut. She has to experience a lot of pain that most people can’t stand and keep training all the time. Wang Yaping told Xinhua, “The space environment won’t change because you are a woman.” She pushed herself hard, getting the same training as men, including the pull-ups and barbells (杠铃). That finally made her dream come true.
“You are on the way to success as long as you stick to your dreams.” Wang Yaping said. She set a good example to the young. Millions of students are encouraged and inspired by the most beautiful astronaut.
23．How far is the space station from the earth?
A．About 2,400 kilometers. B．About 1,800 kilometers.
C．About 400 kilometers. D．About 600 kilometers.
24．When was Wang Yaping born?
A．In 1979. B．In 1980. C．In 1997. D．In 2013.
25．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Wang did well in all subjects except sports.
B．Wang took part in Shenzhou-10 tasks in 2003.
C．Wang flew into the space for the second time in 2021.
D．Wang’s training was different from men astronauts’.
26．What made Wang Yaping achieve her dream?
A．Beautiful look. B．Strong spirit. C．Nice family. D．Good luck.
27．What’s the best title of this passage?
A．The Most Beautiful Astronaut B．The Special Space Classes
C．The Introduction to Science D．The Life in Space Station
（2022·甘肃平凉·中考真题）

Life in Outer Space
Chinese taikonauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu carried out the Shenzhou-13 spaceflight mission (任务) that started on Oct. 15, 2021. This mission lasts 6 months, which was also a national record. Zhai is the commander (指令长) who performed China’s first spacewalk in the Shenzhou-7 mission in 2008. Wang, who was in the Shenzhou-10 mission in 2013, is the first Chinese woman astronaut to visit China’s space station. Ye is a new comer to space.
The trio had carried out two spacewalks and completed more than 20 scientific tasks. Besides their tasks, they had also given two live lectures from the space station, showing the students their living and working areas at the Tianhe core module and several scientific experiments under zero-gravity conditions and answering real-time questions from students.
The trio also became the first Chinese to spend the nation’s most important festival — the Chinese Lunar New Year — in outer space.
They returned to Earth on April 16, 2022 and made Shenzhou-13 mission a great success.
阅读以上新闻稿，根据其内容回答其后各个小题。
28．How long was the mission that was carried out by the taikonauts?
A．13 months. B．10 months. C．7 months. D．6 months.
29．What does the underlined “ trio ” probably mean?
A．A group of two. B．A group of three. C．A group of four. D．A group of five.
30．Which paragraph tells us what the taikonauts had mainly done in this mission in space?
A．Paragraph 1. B．Paragraph 2. C．Paragraph 3. D．Paragraph 4.
31．What would be the most suitable to replace ________ in the picture?
A．Commander Zhai held a pair of couplets and wished the Chinese people good health.
B．Wang, with a red balloon in hand, wished children across the country healthy growth.
C．Ye held a sticker with the Chinese character “ fu, ” and wished the Chinese people a happy Lunar New Year.
D．The taikonauts have put up red lanterns, Chinese knots and paper-cut craft to celebrate the Chinese New Year.
32．Which of the following is NOT true?
A．All the three taikonauts had been to the space before. B．Zhai Zhigang is a commander.
C．The trio gave two live lectures from the space station. D．They returned to earth in mid-April.
（2022·浙江金华·中考真题）Many people may wonder what the three Chinese astronauts’ life was like when working in space. In fact, they did many of the things as we do on Earth.
They brush their teeth, wash their hair and go to the bathroom. However, because of the microgravity（失重）environment, they take care of themselves in different ways. They wash their hair by using the norinse shampoo to get it clean because there are no real showers in the spaceship.
Astronauts eat three meals a day: breakfast, lunch and dinner. But how much they eat depends on the astronauts. A small woman astronaut often needs only about 1,900 calories（卡路里）a day, while a large man requires about 3,200 calories. So there are many kinds of foods ready, such as fruits, nuts, chicken, beef and seafood. They can also drink coffee, tea and orange juice.
Astronauts can have much fun, too. They look out of the window, enjoying the wonderful sunsets and sunrises which happen every 45 minutes. Very often, they play with their food or even jokes on their workmates. Believe it or not, astronauts can even spend weekends, when they can watch movies, play music, read books and talk to their families.
After a long day at work, ________. Just like on Earth, an astronaut goes to bed at a certain time, then wakes up and prepares for work again. But there are a few differences. Astronauts have to sleep in sleeping bags in special cabins（柜子）. Generally, astronauts are planned to have eight hours of sleep. Like on Earth, they may wake up in the middle of their sleep to use the toilet. And astronauts also have dreams.
As for Wang Yaping, she had another experience—preparing for lessons for the Chinese students far down on Earth.
33．The passage mainly talks about ________.
A．how astronauts work in space B．what it is like inside a spaceship
C．what kind of people can be astronauts D．astronauts’ daily life in the spaceship
34．From the passage we can learn that astronauts ________.
A．have to take showers every two days B．are not allowed to play jokes in space
C．can have many kinds of foods for their meals D．seldom have dreams when they sleep in space
35．Which of the following can be put in the ________ in Paragraph 5?
A．it is time to make a phone call B．reading is what an astronaut needs
C．listening to music sounds like a good idea D．nothing is better than a good night’s sleep
36．What was Wang Yaping’s special experience in space?
A．Making different kinds of foods. B．Taking care of the other astronauts.
C．Writing a report about space travel. D．Giving a lesson to students on Earth.
（2022·福建·福州华伦中学三模）British people are looking for up to 15 trees that were flown around the Moon as seeds（种子）51 years ago. About 500 seeds were taken into space by astronauts on the Apollo 14 Moon mission（任务）, and later planted across the US and other countries. It is thought that some could now be fully grown trees in the UK, but there are no records about the project.
The Moon Tree project was the idea of Apollo 14 astronaut Stuart Roosa. When the head of the US Forest Service learned this, he called Roosa with the idea of carrying hundreds of seeds along on his mission, to study how they would be influenced by conditions in space.
Studies of Moon Trees in the US have found no great difference between them and others whose seeds never left Earth. Also, trees grown from the seeds of Moon Trees also seem to be unchanged. Earlier last year, US space agency NASA marked Apollo 14’s 50th anniversary（周年纪念）by publishing information on the locations of the US Moon Trees. The anniversary also wanted to find out if rumors（传言）of Moon Trees in the UK are true or not. The Royal Astronomical Society is working with the UK Space Agency to solve the riddle. It is believed that some of the seeds did make it to the UK, but working out where they are is difficult.
Now, experts in other plant and tree-related organizations, including Kew Gardens, haven’t been able to find any records, and until they are unearthed, it seems that the locations of the UK Moon Trees will remain a mystery.
37．What’s the purpose of the Moon Tree project?
A．To mark Apollo 14’s 50th anniversary.
B．To grow plants in space and study them.
C．To solve the mystery of the plants grown in the UK.
D．To plant seeds from Apollo 14 across the US and other countries.
38．What time did the Moon Tree project begin?
A．In 1969. B．In 1970. C．In 1971. D．In 1972.
39．The underlined word “riddle” refers to（指） “_________”.
A．studies of Moon Trees B．studies of Earth Trees
C．the locations of the US Moon Trees D．the locations of the UK Moon Trees
40．What is the right order of the following events?                    
a. People are not sure about the locations of the trees in the UK.
b. NASA published information about the US Moon Trees.
c. Roosa was asked to take seeds along on his mission.
d. Roosa came up with the Moon Tree project idea.
e. The seeds were planted in the US and other countries.
A．c-d-e-b-a B．e-d-c-b-a C．d-c-e-b-a D．a-d-c-e-b
41．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Apollo 14 Moon Mission B．The Missing UK Moon Trees
C．500 Seeds Taken Into Space D．Apollo 14 Astronaut Stuart Roosa
（2022·福建泉州·二模）April 24th, 2022 is the seventh Space Day of China. More than two hundred space activities will be held at the Space Day of China, said an official from the China National Space Administration (中国国家航天局). The 2022 Space Day of China aims to encourage the public to learn scientific knowledge, create new ideas and carry forward the scientific spirit.
Xi called for giving full play to the advantages of the new system of pooling national resources and strengths, improving independent inventions, strengthening (加强) total planning and working harder to help the creative development of China’s space science, space technologies and space applications (应用). He also stressed leading international cooperation (合作) and making better contributions to humanity’s well-being.
In the same month, three Chinese astronauts of the Shenzhou-13 manned spaceship have completed their six-month space station mission and returned to the earth safely. Zhai Zhigang and his crewmates spent 183 days in an orbit (轨道) about 400 kilometers above the earth after their Shenzhou-13 spacecraft was launched on October 16th by a Long March 2F carrier rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China’s Gobi Desert. The crew set a record for China’s longest spaceflight.
During their space journey, the astronauts carried out two spacewalks that totaled more than 12 hours. The crew members also gave two science lectures for Chinese students. Wang Yaping took part in the first spacewalk on November 7th, becoming the first female Chinese spacewalker.
We are all looking forward to the future six space tasks, including that the Shenzhou-14 crew will have three astronauts and they will take off from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwestern China in June to Tiangong and work there for six months.
42．Space Day of China started in ________.
A．2016 B．2017 C．2018 D．2019
43．The underlined word “stressed” in Paragraph 2 means ________ in Chinese.
A．重复 B．强调 C．推荐 D．背诵
44．Paragraph 3 is mainly about ________.
A．three astronauts carried out two spacewalks
B．the crew members gave two science lectures
C．Shenzhou-13 spacecraft was launched on October 16th
D．Three astronauts successfully completed their space station mission
45．What is the same point between Shenzhou-13 and Shenzhou-14?
A．They have the same astronauts.
B．They start out in the same month.
C．They take off from the same launch center.
D．They stay in the space station for nearly 240 days.
46．What’s the best title of the text?
A．Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center B．Our Country’s Great Space Industry
C．Shenzhou-14 and Its Three Astronauts D．The Future Six Space Tasks in Our Country

参考答案：
1．A
2．C
3．B
4．B
5．D
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。短文讲述了12月9日，中国的三位航天员在“天宫”空间站给地球上的学生们上的一节大开眼界的科学课。
1．
细节理解题。根据“On Dec.9, three Chinese astronauts gave a science lecture 400 kilometers above Earth!”可知在12月9日，中国的三位航天员在地球上方400公里的地方上了一堂科学课。故选A。
2．
细节理解题。根据“It’s reported that astronauts can lose up to 20% of their muscles after just a couple of weeks. That is dangerous for astronauts because they will be too weak to work.”可知据报道，航天员可以在几个星期内就失去他们身上20%的肌肉。这对航天员来说是非常危险的，因为他们会变得虚弱而无法工作。故选C。
3．
细节理解题。根据“During the lecture, Zhai introduced a special uniform Ye was wearing. It’s called a “penguin suit”.”可知在讲座中，翟志刚向大家介绍了叶光富身上正穿着的一种特殊的服装，叫做“企鹅服”。故选B。
4．
推理判断题。根据“For example, water will not flow（流动） downward if you try to pour it into a cup.”可知如果你尝试把水倒进一个杯子里，水是不会往下流动的。选项B“如果航天员把水倒进一个杯子里，水是会往下流的。”表述错误。故选B。
5．
推理判断题。根据“This can never happen on Earth”可知在空间站所做的科学实验，在地球上是从来不可能发生的，说明这些实验让人“大开眼界”，可用eye-opening来形容。故选D。
6．B
7．C
8．A
【导语】
本文是一篇新闻报道。介绍了一些时事要闻，主要包括北京冬奥会、神州3名航天员成功返航和中国在珠穆朗玛峰建立气象站。
6．
词句猜测题。根据“The Ice Ribbon was also called the “fastest ice” by the players to help them achieve their best performances.”可知冰丝带也被运动员们称为“最快的冰”，以帮助他们获得最佳表现。由此可知fastest ice指的是“The Ice Ribbon”。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据“Astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu were out of the return capsule（返回舱）of the Shenzhou-13 spaceship at the Dongfeng landing site in North China’s Inner Mongolia on Saturday morning, April 16, 2022.”可知在2022年4月16日，星期六上午，翟志刚、王亚平和叶光富在中国北部内蒙古的东风着陆场，从神舟13号飞船的返回舱中出来，由此可知神舟13号于2022年4月16日安全降落回地球。故选C。

8．
细节理解题。根据“They set up the world’s highest weather station at a height of 8,800 meters to study the effects of climate（气候） changes on the environment of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau（青藏高原）.”可知他们在8800米的高度建立了世界上最高的气象站，以研究气候变化对青藏高原环境的影响。故选A。
9．A
10．D
11．C
12．B
13．D
【导语】
本文主要介绍了宇航员从太空安全返回地球的一系列准备活动。
9．
细节理解题。根据“The six-month stay for Chinese astronauts in the Tiangong space station has just ended”可知，在太空待了6个月，故选A。
10．
细节理解题。根据“Besides their personal things, astronauts also need to bring home experimental data and samples (资料和样品) for further research on Earth”可知，除了个人物品，宇航员还需要把实验数据和样本带回家，以便在地球上进行进一步的研究，故选D。
11．
细节理解题。根据“The waste was put into the orbital module”可知，废物被送入轨道舱，故选C。
12．
词义猜测题。根据“Astronauts experience microgravity (微重力) for long periods of time”及“Experts made exercise plans for each of them to land safely”可知，因为宇航员长时间经历微重力，所以专家们为他们每个人制定了安全着陆的训练计划，所以they指代astronauts，故选B。
13．
主旨大意题。根据“Before they returned to the earth, they faced one last test—returning home safely. What had they done before they left the station”可知，本文主要介绍了宇航员从太空安全返回地球的一系列准备活动，故选D。
14．B
15．A
16．B
17．D
18．C
【导语】
本文主要介绍了中国的四个卫星发射基地。
14．
细节理解题。根据“China has four satellite launch bases”可知，中国有四个卫星发射基地，故选B。
15．
词义猜测题。根据“The Long March 2F rocket carrying the Shenzhou XII manned spacecraft blasted off（发射）from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in June, 2021”及常识可知，长征2F火箭搭载神舟十二号载人飞船在酒泉卫星发射中心升空，所以manned spacecraft表示“载人飞船”，故选A。
16．
细节理解题。根据“Xichang Satellite Launch Center, also known as Xichang Satellite City…It is known as the ‘Oriental Houston（东方休斯顿）’.”可知，西昌卫星发射中心被称为“东方休斯顿”，故选B。
17．
细节理解题。根据“Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center which was founded（建立）in 1958”，“Xichang Satellite Launch Center, also known as Xichang Satellite City, was founded in 1970”，“Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center was founded in 1967”，“Wenchang Space Launch Center（founded in 2009）”可知，建立时间的排序为：酒泉①—太原③—西昌②—文昌④，故选D。
18．
推理判断题。根据“Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center which was founded（建立）in 1958 is one of the four famous satellite launch bases in China. The center has created eight proud firsts for China’s space industry”可知，酒泉卫星发射中心从1958年开始为中国航天工业创造了八个令人自豪的第一，而不是1968年，C表述错误，故选C。
19．C
20．A
21．B
22．A
【导语】
本文主要讲述了要成为一名宇航员我们需要知道什么。
19．细节理解题。根据“Life in a spaceship is hard so you must have a healthy body and mind.”可知，在宇宙飞船里的生活是艰苦的，所以你必须有一个健康的身体和思想；故选C。
20．细节理解题。根据“They practise space walking and living in zero gravity. ”可知，必须练习太空行走和零重力生活；故选A。
21．细节理解题。根据“Life in zero gravity causes changes to our bodies. Bones and muscles beco thin and weak so you must do a lot of exercise in space to stay fit and to help the heart move blood around your body.”可知，零重力环境下的生活使我们的身体发生变化，必须通过练习来保持健康和心脏运行正常；故选B。
22．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，主要讲述了要成为一名宇航员我们需要知道什么；故选A。
23．C
24．B
25．C
26．B
27．A
【导语】
本文主要介绍了中国最美宇航员——王亚平。
23．
细节理解题。根据“The “classroom” in space station is about 400 kilometers away from the earth”可知空间站距离地球约400公里。故选C。
24．
细节理解题。根据“Wang Yaping was born in a small village in Shandong in 1980”可知她出生在1980年。故选B。
25．
细节理解题。根据“She joined the team of Shenzhou-13 in 2021 and flew into the space for the second time”可知2021年加入神舟十三号团队，第二次飞入太空。故选C。
26．
推理判断题。根据“She pushed herself hard, getting the same training as men, including the pull-ups and barbells (杠铃). That finally made her dream come true”可知经过她不断的努力和训练，她的梦想实现了，所以是她的坚强让她实现了梦想。故选B。
27．
最佳标题题。根据“Wang Yaping is regarded as “the most beautiful astronaut”.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了中国最美宇航员——王亚平。故选A。
28．D
29．B
30．B
31．C
32．A
【导语】
本文介绍三位宇航员的太空生活。
28．
细节理解题。根据“This mission lasts 6 months”可知，任务持续6个月，故选D。
29．
词句猜测题。分析“The trio had carried out two spacewalks and completed more than 20 scientific tasks.”和前段介绍可知，此处指三位宇航员，所以trio的意思是“三人组”。故选B。
30．
段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍三位宇航员在太空做了什么任务，故选B。
31．
细节理解题。根据图片提示可知，是叶光富拿着福字，故选C。
32．
推理判断题。根据“Ye is a new comer to space.”可知，叶光富是第一次上太空，故选A。
33．D
34．C
35．D
36．D
【导语】
本文主要介绍了太空中的生活是什么样的。
33．主旨大意题。根据“Many people may wonder what the three Chinese astronauts’ life was like when working in space”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了太空中的生活是什么样的。故选D。
34．细节理解题。根据“So there are many kinds of foods ready”可知宇航员有很多种类的食物可以吃。故选C。
35．推理判断题。根据“After a long day at work...Just like on Earth, an astronaut goes to bed at a certain time”可知在一天的工作之后，宇航员会去睡觉，选项D“没有什么比睡个好觉更好的了”放空格处更合适。故选D。
36．细节理解题。根据“she had another experience—preparing for lessons for the Chinese students far down on Earth”可知王亚平的特殊经历是为远在地球上的中国学生备课。故选D。
37．B
38．C
39．D
40．C
41．B
【导语】
本文讲述月球树项目的实行以及英国月球树的消失的谜团。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段“When the head of the US Forest Service learned this, he called Roosa with the idea of carrying hundreds of seeds along on his mission, to study how they would be influenced by conditions in space”可知，月球树项目是为了在太空种植树然后研究它们。故选B。
38．推理判断题。根据第一段“British people are looking for up to 15 trees that were flown around the Moon as seeds 51 years ago”可知51年之前这个项目开始的，可推断时间是在1971年。故选C。
39．词义猜测题。根据“British people are looking for up to 15 trees that were flown around the Moon as seeds”及“if rumors of Moon Trees in the UK are true or not”可知“riddle”指的是英国月球树的位置，C选项“the locations of the UK Moon Trees”符合。故选D。
40．推理判断题。根据“The Moon Tree project was the idea of Apollo 14 astronaut Stuart Roosa”可知，鲁撒想出了月球树项目。根据“he called Roosa with the idea of carrying hundreds of seeds along on his mission”可知，鲁撒被要求在执行任务的时候带着种子。根据“About 500 seeds were taken into space by astronauts on the Apollo 14 Moon mission, and later planted across the US and other countries”可知，种子被美国和其他的国家种植。根据“NASA marked Apollo 14’s 50th anniversary by publishing information on the locations of the US Moon Trees”可知，美国宇航局发布了关于美国月球树的信息。根据“British people are looking for up to 15 trees that were flown around the Moon”可知，人们不是很确定英国的树的位置。正确顺序是d-c-e-b-a。故选C。
41．标题概括题。根据“it seems that the locations of the UK Moon Trees will remain a mystery”可知，文章主要讲述的是英国月球树的消失的谜团，可归纳为“The Missing UK Moon Trees”。故选B。
42．A
43．B
44．D
45．C
46．B
【导语】
本文主要在讲述中国航空的发展。
42．
推理判断题，根据“April 24th, 2022 is the seventh Space Day of China.” 2022年4月24日是中国第七个航天日，可知应该是2016年开始的，故选A。
43．
词句猜测题，根据“giving full play to the advantages of the new system of pooling national resources and strengths …”这里提到要发挥集思广益、提高自主发明水平。“ He also stressed leading international cooperation and making better contributions to humanity’s well-being.”又提到要引领国际合作。可知应该是提高自主发明水平的同时，强调要引领国际合作，故选B。
44．
细节理解题，根据“In the same month, three Chinese astronauts of the Shenzhou-13 manned spaceship have completed their six-month space station mission and returned to the earth safely.”神舟十三号载人飞船的三名中国宇航员完成了为期六个月的空间站任务，安全返回地球，可知三名宇航员成功地完成了他们的空间站任务，故选D。
45．
细节理解题，根据“Shenzhou-13 spacecraft was launched on October 16th by a Long March 2F carrier rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China’s Gobi Desert.”和“the Shenzhou-14 crew will have three astronauts and they will take off from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center”，可知它们从酒泉发射中心起飞，故选C。
46．
最佳标题，根据第一段“April 24th, 2022 is the seventh Space Day of China. More than two hundred space activities will be held at the Space Day of China, … create new ideas and carry forward the scientific spirit.”可知本文主要在讲述中国航空的发展，故选B。