中考英语一轮复习【讲通练透】考点07 形容词和副词

这是一份中考英语一轮复习【讲通练透】考点07 形容词和副词，文件包含考点07形容词和副词教师版doc、考点07形容词和副词学生版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共27页， 欢迎下载使用。
中考英语总复习方法指导中考英语考点一遍过为了帮助考生更好的冲刺中考英语，从命题趋势、易错警示、方法技巧、跟踪训练、真题再现等几个方面帮孩子更准、更快、更有效的复习。中考总复习一般分为三轮：1、第一轮复习为基础知识的单元、章节复习。通过第一轮的复习，使学生系统掌握基础知识、基本技能和方法，形成明晰的知识网络和稳定的知识框架。我们从双基入手，紧扣中考知识点来组织单元过关。2、第二轮复习打破章节界限实行大单元、小综合、专题式复习。第二轮复习绝不是第一轮复习的压缩文档，而是一个知识点综合、巩固、完善、提高的过程。复习的主要任务及目标是：完成各部分知识的条 理，归纳，糅合，使各部分知识成为一个有机的整体，力求实现基础知识重点化，重点知识网络化，网络知识题型化，题型设计生活化。3、第三轮复习是知识、能力深化巩固的阶段。复习资料的组织以中考题及模拟题为主，回扣教材，查缺补漏，进行强化训练。同时，要教给学生一些必备的应试技巧和方法，使学生有足够的自信从容地面对中考。  【讲通练透】专题07 形容词和副词命题趋势：形容词是描述人或事物的特征、性质、属性及状态的一种词类，主要用来修饰名词或代词。对于形容词的考查多集中在三个方面：1. 形容词的比较等级；2. 形容词词义辨析；3. 形容词短语搭配。纵观近年各地市中考题，对在语言环境中考查形容词词义的题目有逐步增加的趋势。在学习过程中，要在识记形容词词义上多下功夫，同时兼顾比较等级的各种变化形式。副词是历年各省市中考必考知识点。从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。所占分值通常为2～4分。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用副词的能力。中考考查重点：一、形容词词义辨析；    二、形容词短语搭配；三、副词的基本用法；    四、副词的分类；   五、易混淆的副词用法辨析等。考向一： 形容词的分类分类说明性质形容词用于表示人或物所具有的性质。在英语中，大量的形容词属于这一类别，多数有比较级和最高级，有程度大小的区别，可以使用程度副词修饰。funny滑稽的，lovely可爱的，healthy健康的类别形容词用于阐明人或事物所属的特定类别。这一类形容词往往没有程度大小的区别、没有比较级和最高级，而且不使用程度副词修饰。financial经济的，mental脑力的，cultural文化的颜色形容词用于表示事物颜色的形容词。这一类形容词没有比较级和最高级。blue蓝色的，green绿色的，white白色的叙述形容词这类形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰，大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。afraid害怕的，alone单独的，asleep睡着的，worth值得的，ill病的分词形容词英语中有些表情感态度的动词，如excite，worry，其过去分词和现在分词可形容词化，即相当于形容词。worried担优的，worrying令人担忧的，exciting令人兴奋的，excited感到兴奋的复合形容词指的是由几个词共同构成并起形容词作用的词。three-year-old三岁的，ordinary-looking相貌普通的，middle-aged中年的考向二： 形容词的句法功能成分说明例句作定语一般放在所修饰词的前面It’s a cold and windy day today. 今天是个寒冷、有风的天气。作表语放在系动词的后面He looks happy today. 他今天看上去很开心。做补足语作主语或宾语的补足语，说明主语或宾语的性质、状态或特征I think it impossible for him to finish the work before dark. 我认为他不可能在天黑之前完成这一工作。作状语主要表示原因、伴随或方式Hungry and tired, I had to stop to have a rest. 又累又饿，我只好停下来休息一下。【知识拓展】1. 形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后。Would you like something hot to drink? 你想喝点热的东西吗？There is nothing important in the paper. 报上没什么重要的事情。2. 表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。The bridge is about two hundred metres long. 这座桥长约两百米。Last year we built a building thirteen storeys high. 去年，我们盖了一栋十三层高的楼。3. 多个形容词作定语时的顺序排列：限定词(冠词、数词、代词等)→描绘性形容词→大、小(长、短、高、低)形容词→形状形容词→年龄(新、旧)形容词→颜色形容词、国籍形容词、材料形容词、用途(类别)形容词、名词。【巧记顺口溜】限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老，颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠。a Chinese writing desk 一张中式写字桌her charming small round pink face 她迷人的小而圆的粉红脸蛋those beautiful little old Chinese earthen vases 那些漂亮小巧的中国古代花瓶（2021·江苏盐城市·中考真题）No one is _____. The key is to learn from mistakes and never stop.A．careful B．generous C．famous D．perfect考向三: 副词的基本用法   副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句话的词类，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。►We should listen to our teachers carefully.我们应该认真听老师讲课。►He is very happy today.他今天非常高兴。►＂What happened?＂I asked, rather angrily. ＂发生什么事情了？＂我相当生气地问。►In spring, I can see flowers everywhere.在春天，我到处都能看到花。不少副词同时也可用作介词或其它词类。►Have you read this book before? (副词，作时间状语) 你以前读过这本书吗？►He will arrive before ten o’clock.（介词，before ten o’clock 是介词短语，作时间状语）他将在10点钟前到达。考向四: 副词的分类副词按词汇意义可分为：1. 时间副词：today, early, soon, now, then, recently, still1）表示发生时间的副词：►It’s beginning to rain now! 现在开始下雨了！2）表示频繁程度的副词，也称频度副词always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly等一般位于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实义动词之前。►She often changes her mind. 她常改变主意。3）还有一些其他表示时间的副词：►He has just had an operation. 他刚动过手术。2. 地点副词：here, there, out, somewhere, abroad, home1）有不少表示地点的副词：►She is studying abroad. 她在国外留学。2）还有一些部分与介词同形的副词。它们与介词同形，后跟宾语的是介词，否则是副词：①用作介词：Stand up!起立！②用作副词： A cat climbed up the tree. 猫爬上了树。3）以where构成的副词也是地点副词： It’s the same everywhere.  到处都一样。3. 方式副词：well, fast, slowly, carefully, quickly1）英语中有大量方式副词，说明行为方式（回答how的问题）：►How beautifully your wife dances. 你夫人舞跳得真美。2）还有相当多的副词，表示某些情绪：►She smiled gratefully. 她感激的笑了笑。3）还有一些以-ly结尾的副词，表示动作发生的状况：►He left the town secretly. 他悄然离开了这座城市。4. 程度副词：very, much, enough, almost, rather, quite5. 频度副词：always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never（2021·江苏盐城市·中考真题）Cloth shoes became popular during the Ming Dynasty, _____ in Sichuan province.A．hardly B．nearly C．really D．especially6. 疑问副词：where, how, why7. 否定副词：no, not, neither, nor8. 其他副词：also, too, only考向五: 易混副词辨析英语中一些词加不加ly都是副词，但是意义差别很大。hard艰难地；hardly几乎没有►They work very hard.他们工作非常努力。►I hardly know her. 我不怎么认识她.在英文中，应该注意hard和hardly的区别，hard可以作形容词或副词，意为＂努力＂，也可以指雨大或雪大，而hardly是副词，意为＂几乎不＂。在实际使用时，应注意它们的区别。late迟到；lately最近►You have come too late. 你来得太晚了。►Have you see him lately? 你最近见到过他吗？pretty=very非常；prettily漂亮地►The exam was pretty difficult.这次考试相当难。 ►The little girl is always prettily dressed.这个小女孩总是穿得漂漂亮亮的。 意思区别相近的，分别表示具体跟抽象的意思：close（具体距离上的）接近地、紧挨地；closely（抽象）亲密地►They sat close together ►Who is closely to you, your mom or your dad?（2021·浙江温州市·中考真题）Susan went into her bedroom and ate chocolate _____, not letting her parents know that.A．slowly B．calmly C．secretly D．properlyhigh(具体高度)高地；highly（抽象）高度地，赞赏地►The kites fly high in the sky. 这些风筝在天空飞得很高。►His teachers think very highly of him.（老师们很欣赏他。）老师对他评价很高。（2021·安徽中考真题）The dancing teacher gives us instructions _____ until we are perfect in every move.A．patiently B．quickly C．bravely D．suddenlydeep（空间的，具体）深度；deeply（抽象，感情上的）深深地►He pushed the stick deep into the mud. 把木棍深深地插进泥浆里。►Karen and Dave are deeply in love with each other. 凯伦与戴夫俩人深深地相爱着。wide具体距离很宽；widely广泛地►The door was wide open.门被开得大大的。►We were widely different on many questions.我们在许多问题上分歧很大。1．（2021·辽宁中考真题）—You are going to get much exercise. Are you ______ that?—Of course. I promise to keep it.A．proud of B．thirsty for C．sure about D．interested in2．（2021·辽宁中考真题）The boy is so ______ that he makes few mistakes in English grammar.A．strict B．careful C．active D．patient3．（2021·辽宁中考真题）Our teacher often warns us it’s ______ to leave much personal information on the Internet.A．interesting B．exciting C．difficult D．dangerous4．（2021·辽宁盘锦市·中考真题）When you go abroad, ______ forget to bring your passport.A．always B．hardly C．never D．sometimes5．（2021·辽宁营口市·中考真题）The ______ news made him ______. He didn’t fall asleep until midnight.A．excited; excited B．exciting; exciting C．exciting; excited D．excited; exciting6．（2021·贵州贵阳市·中考真题）Guizhou is______ Huangguoshu Waterfall and Moutai in the world.A．famous forB．popular withC．regarded as7．（2021·广西梧州市·中考真题）The price of this piano is a little ______. I can’t afford it.A．cheap B．expensive C．low D．high8．（2021·黑龙江大庆市·中考真题）The more ______ you drive, the ______ you are.A．careful; safer B．carefully; safer C．carefully; safely D．careful; safely9．（2021·广西中考真题）Open the window and have some ______ air in, too much smoke in the room.A．thin B．hot C．dirty D．fresh10．（2021·广西中考真题）Mrs Smith always waits ______ for students to ask questions after class.A．patiently B．quickly C．luckily D．deeply11．（2021·广西贵港市·中考真题）—So many people are talking and laughing loudly on the subway.—Yes. It is too ______. I can’t stand it.A．lovely B．funny C．happy D．noisy12．（2021·广西贵港市·中考真题）—What time is it now?—I can’t tell you the time ______, but I know it’s too late.A．exactly B．suddenly C．politely D．wisely13．（2021·广西贵港市·中考真题）—Is your father strict with you?—Yes. He takes my grades as ______ as my teachers do.A．serious B．more serious C．seriously D．more seriously14．（2021·山东滨州市·中考真题）—What’s the article about, David?—It’s about some tricks on how to save and spend money ______.A．cheaply B．kindly C．wisely D．comfortably15．（2021·山东临沂市·中考真题）You and I are lucky as we’ve ______ had to worry about finding clean water.A．oftenB．usuallyC．never16．（2021·江苏宿迁市·中考真题）This year’s Beijing Music Awards will be covered ______ on Sunshine TV this Saturday.A．lively B．alive C．living D．live17．（2021·湖南益阳市·中考真题）Although the Yangtze is the longest river in China, it is ______ than the Nile, the longest river in the world.A．shortB．shorterC．the shortest18．（2021·四川凉山彝族自治州·中考真题）—What do you think of the movie Hi, Mom?—It’s so ______ that I want to watch it a second time.A．wonderful B．meaningless C．natural D．serious19．（2021·湖北襄阳市·中考真题）—I think Miss Wang is the most ______ teacher in our school. —That’s true. She never gets angry with her students.A．patient B．beautiful C．interesting D．important20．（2021·湖北襄阳市·中考真题）—Does your sister spend her money ______?—Yes, of course. She knows what to buy and what not to buy.A．quickly B．wisely C．badly D．simply1．（2021·河北·石家庄市第四十中学二模）5G is coming and it will make self-driving cars ________.A．quick B．quickly C．possible D．possibly2．（2021·云南·三模）The Harry Potter series is a great ________ and has been ________ brought to the big screenA．successful; successful B．successful; succeededC．success; successfully D．success; successful3．（2021·内蒙古·呼和浩特市回民区教育局教科研室二模）—I’m afraid the T-shirt is too dear for me. Could I have it at ________ price?—Sorry. The silk produced in Suzhou is perfect, so it can’t be any ________.A．a higher; cheaper B．lower; expensiveC．a cheaper; more expensive D．a lower; cheaper4．（2021·内蒙古·呼和浩特市回民区教育局教科研室二模）— What do you think of the singer?— I think she sings ________ and I never hear ________ voice.A．beautiful, a better B．beautiful, the bestC．beautifully, a better D．beautifully, the best5．（2021·河北石家庄·模拟预测）Wingsuit Flying is one of the most ________ sports in the world. Nearly 30% people who take part in it may lose their lives.A．famous B．exciting C．dangerous D．interesting6．（2021·江苏·淮阴中学新城校区一模）Yesterday’s film was really ________ and it made all of us laugh.A．boring B．funny C．meaningless D．expensive7．（2021·浙江·温州市第十二中学二模）It is one of the most ________ events in China this year to celebrate the 100th birthday of the founding of the CPC．A．impossible B．important C．traditional D．peaceful8．（2021·河北长安·二模）Don’t be ________, please. We are preparing for the final test.A．late B．nervous C．serious D．noisy9．（2021·河北·石家庄润德学校二模）It was ________ of the firemen to enter the burning building to save people’s lives.A．honest B．brave C．creative D．clever10．（2021·河北·石家庄市第十八中学二模）My sister is an artist, so she can always think of some ________ ideas.A．difficult B．creative C．boring D．expensive11．（2021·浙江·模拟预测）The family and neighbors were ________ at what they saw, when Tom Sawyer suddenly appeared in his funeral.A．angry B．bad C．surprised D．good12．（2021·广西·南宁市天桃实验学校三模）Tom writes his homework as ________ as his brother, so he seldom makes mistakes.A．happily B．quietly C．carefully D．carelessly13．（2021·浙江·温州市第十二中学二模）— How often do you go skateboarding?— ________. I haven’t learnt it yet.A．Never B．Sometimes C．Seldom D．Always14．（2021·江苏·无锡市江南中学二模）—Did you get WeChat red packets during the Spring Festival? — Yes, it’s ________ the most popular way of sending traditional holiday presents now.A．widely B．terribly C．hardly D．probably15．（2021·江苏·南通市通州区育才中学二模）On Mother’s Day every year, many sons and daughters go home, ________ to see their mothers.A．carefully B．specially C．especially D．completely16．（2021·江苏·苏州市平江中学校二模）—How about your work?— Terribly difficult! Suppose someone give you a box and ask you to describe ________ what's inside without opening it.A．closely B．widely C．exactly D．mostly17．（2021·江苏·苏州高新区实验初级中学二模）—Mum, I have lost the tennis match. I can’t feel worse now!—Dear, I know ________ how you feel. But I believe you can make it if you keep practicing!A．properly B．widely C．exactly D．closely18．（2021·湖北·孝感市孝南区教学研究室二模）—Do you think the last problem in yesterday’s math exam is difficult?—Yes. But I ________ worked it out and I was very happy.A．hardly B．usually C．finally D．especially19．（2021·浙江·模拟预测）Stan Lee created many famous cartoon characters, ________ brave heroes, such as Spiderman, Silver Surfer and so on.A．hardly B．especially C．exactly D．nearly20．（2021·浙江浙江·模拟预测）It’s necessary for us to make a list before going shopping, so we can spend money more ________.A．easily B．wisely C．cheaply D．quickly