中考二轮英语专项练 专题24 任务型阅读之信息归纳类

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中考英语总复习方法指导中考英语考点一遍过为了帮助考生更好的冲刺中考英语，从命题趋势、易错警示、方法技巧、跟踪训练、真题再现等几个方面帮孩子更准、更快、更有效的复习。中考总复习一般分为三轮：1、第一轮复习为基础知识的单元、章节复习。通过第一轮的复习，使学生系统掌握基础知识、基本技能和方法，形成明晰的知识网络和稳定的知识框架。我们从双基入手，紧扣中考知识点来组织单元过关。2、第二轮复习打破章节界限实行大单元、小综合、专题式复习。第二轮复习绝不是第一轮复习的压缩文档，而是一个知识点综合、巩固、完善、提高的过程。复习的主要任务及目标是：完成各部分知识的条 理，归纳，糅合，使各部分知识成为一个有机的整体，力求实现基础知识重点化，重点知识网络化，网络知识题型化，题型设计生活化。3、第三轮复习是知识、能力深化巩固的阶段。复习资料的组织以中考题及模拟题为主，回扣教材，查缺补漏，进行强化训练。同时，要教给学生一些必备的应试技巧和方法，使学生有足够的自信从容地面对中考。 专题24 任务型阅读之信息归纳类【要点提炼】考点扫描为了弥补阅读理解客观题(判断是非题与单项选择题)一统天下、考生容易猜测的局面，近年来各地中考英语阅读理解部分都引入了属于主观题性质的任务型阅读，要求考生或填写表格(一般限定词数)，或回答问题。值得一提的是,近年来任务型阅读的主观题在各地中考英语试题中所占的比例越来越大，有的地方试题甚至采用两篇,既要求考生根据文章填写表格，又要求考生在阅读文章后回答问题，但是，综观任何一组中考英语阅读理解试题，试题的难易度分布非常有序。信息归纳类任务型阅读做题技巧与策略信息归纳是读写综合题型的一种。读写综合主要考查考生的语言实际运用能力，它主要考查考生从短文或信件中提取、归纳自己所需要信息并能够恰当运用所归纳的信息来表达自己的思想、叙述自己的观点的能力。一、设题规律信息归纳的形式常为表格、图片或短文等，要求考生不仅能读懂文字信息，而且能够按照一定的要求记录和筛选信息并填入信息卡中。二、答题策略及技巧A部分的信息归纳实际上就是任务型阅读理解，要想做好此部分的题目，必须做到以下几点： 了解文字信息的大意。 主要了解“5w+1h”:what,who,when,why,where和how。 明确任务。 解题前要先明确题目要求，做到心中有数，然后带着问题再读文章，搜寻目标。要在原文中找出问题题干所包括的信息部分，快速准确地抓住有效信息，确保答题的准确性。 注意答案要符合题目要求。 若是写单词，则要注意拼写是否正确，词形、词性有无变化，是否需要大写；若所要完成的是短语或句子成分，则需谨慎对待，依据所给题干分析要完成的是什么句子成分，需要用什么样的表达方式，不可草率地将文中信息直接挪用。  【专题真题训练】 Passage1Legend of the Phoenix（《凤凰传奇》）is Yang Fan's first picture book. He had the idea of creating a picture book about traditional Chinese culture when his son was 18 months old. The book is now ready after two years. The book, whose main character is a little boy, tells the story of Tuanzi's travels in his dreams. When Tuanzi goes into his dream, he changes into a boy wearing a lock around his neck. According to traditional Chinese culture, wearing a lock around the neck is a symbol of long life. He comes to the Ming Dynasty by riding on a stone lion. He sees birds paying homage to（敬仰）the phoenix（凤凰）, the king of the birds. The phoenix shares its food with other birds to help them get through a hard time when they are in need of food. To thank the phoenix, hundreds of birds give their colorful feathers（羽毛）to the phoenix. The main colors in the book are red, green and yellow. When Yang first showed the book to his 3-year-old son, the little boy was so excited that he read it over and over again. Talking about his future plans, Yang says Legend of the Phoenix is a beginning on his "road to picture books for children". "I hope my son can have good picture books about Chinese culture to read," says Yang.1．How old was Yang Fan's son when Yang Fan had the idea of creating a picture book about traditional Chinese culture?He was ________ old.2．What is a symbol of long life according to traditional Chinese culture?Wearing ________ around the neck is a symbol of long life.3．Why do the birds give their feathers to the phoenix?To thank her for helping them ________ a hard time when they are in need of food.4．What are the main colors in Legend of the Phoenix?They are ________.5．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in the third paragraph?It refers to “________”.【答案】1．18 months/eighteen months2．a lock3．(to) get through4．red, green and yellow5．the book【答案解析】这篇短文主要讲述了杨帆为自己的儿子装作一本图画书，为了让他了解中国的艺术和书籍。1．根据文中“He had the idea of creating a picture book about traditional Chinese culture when his son was 18 months old.”可知，当儿子18个月大的时候，他就有了创作中国传统文化图画书的想法。故填18 months/eighteen months。2．根据文中“According to traditional Chinese culture, wearing a lock around the neck is a symbol of long life.”可知，脖子上戴一把锁是长寿的象征。故填a lock。3．根据文中“The phoenix shares its food with other birds to help them get through a hard time when they are in need of food. To thank the phoenix, hundreds of birds give their colorful feathers（羽毛）to the phoenix.”可知，凤凰与其他鸟类分享食物，帮助它们度过需要食物的艰难时期。为了感谢凤凰，成百上千的鸟把它们五颜六色的羽毛送给凤凰。help sb. (to) do sth.“帮助某人做某事”。故填(to) get through。4．根据文中“The main colors in the book are red, green and yellow.”可知，《凤凰传奇》中的主要颜色是红、绿、黄。故填red, green and yellow。5．根据上文“When Yang first showed the book to his 3-year-old son”可知，那个小男孩兴奋得读了这本书一遍又一遍，划线it指的是“那本书”。故填the book。 Passage2  A British supermarket became the first in the world to let customers pay by using just the veins(静脉) in their fingers in September, 2017.Customers at the Costcutter store, at Brunel University in London, can now pay by using their vein map.The company behind the technology, Sthaler, said it was in “serious talks” with other big British supermarkets to use high－technology finger vein scanners(扫描器)．It works by using infrared(红外线) to scan people's finger veins and then connects this map with their bank cards.Customers' bank details are then stored with payment provider Worldpay, in the same way you can store your card details when shopping online.Shoppers can then go to the supermarket with nothing on them but their own hands and use it to make payments in just three seconds.It requires the person to be alive.It means that if a criminal cuts off someone's finger, it would not work.It's reported that fingerprint recognition(指纹识别)，used widely on mobile phones now，is unsafe and can be copied even from finger smears(指纹残留) left on phone screens.But vein technology is safer as it cannot be copied or stolen.Sthaler said nearly fifty students were already using the system and it expected 3,000 students out of 13, 000 to have signed up by November.Simon Binns, commercial director of Sthaler, told The Daily Telegraph, “This makes payments so much easier for customers.This is the safest form.”Information CardThe time to take to make a payment by using the vein technology 6．The number of the students already using the system by Sthaler 7．The company which invented the vein technology 8．The advantages of the vein technology 9．The person who is the commercial director of Sthaler 10． 【答案】6．September 20177．Nearly fifty8．Sthaler9．Easier and safer10．Simon Binns【答案解析】这篇短文主要讲述了英国一家超市是世界上第一个使用指尖上的静脉纹理来支付账单的超市，文中介绍了这项技术的优点。6．根据文中“A British supermarket became the first in the world to let customers pay by using just the veins(静脉) in their fingers in September，2017.”可知，2017年9月，英国一家超市成为世界上第一家只让顾客用手指上的静脉付款的超市。故填September 2017。7．根据文中“Sthaler said nearly fifty students were already using the system”可知，已使用Sthaler系统的学生人数几乎是50人。故填Nearly fifty。8．根据文中“The company behind the technology, Sthaler, said it was in “serious talks” with other big British supermarkets to use high－technology finger vein scanners(扫描器)．”可知，发明静脉技术的公司是Sthaler公司。故填Sthaler。9．根据文中“This makes payments so much easier for customers. This is the safest form”可知，静脉技术的优势是更容易和更安全。故填Easier and safer。10．根据文中“Simon Binns, commercial director of Sthaler”可知，Sthaler的商业总监是Simon Binns。故填Simon Binns。    Passage3 Doing “clean” ExerciseWhen you go for a run outside, chances are that you'll find litter all around you. Do you just go past it, or do you stop and pick it up? If you choose the second, you're part of the latest popular sport in the West: plogging. The word "plogging" is the Swedish phrase" plocka upp"(pick up) and the English word "Jogging"(running slowly)put together.What a plogger needs is a rubbish bag and a pair of gloves to protect your hands. While collecting rubbish, ploggers learn to classify (分类)and deal with it correctly, too.Plogging seems simple but it does a lot of good to both the environment and your health. It can not only make the world greener, but also get you full body exercise, For example, a 30-minute logging burns around 288 calories (卡路里), compared to 235 calories burned from just jogging.So next time you go out jogging, why not carry a rubbish bag and collect some litter along the way? Your body and the environment will thank you.Let’s go11．The latest popular sport!Just need 12．and a part of gloves!Correctly classify and 13．the rubbish!It’s simple but helpful to 14．and your health!Make the world 15．and yourself a lot healthier!Join us now! The world says THANK YOU!  【答案】11．plogging12．a rubbish bag13．deal with14．the environment15．greener【答案解析】本文主要介绍了公益健康跑，也就是边跑边收集垃圾，这种运动对环境和健康都有益。11．阅读原文可知，本文主要讲了公益健康跑，也就是边跑边收集垃圾，这是本文的中心内容。go plogging公益健康跑，故填plogging。12．根据第三段句子“What a plogger needs is a rubbish bag and a pair of gloves to protect your hands.”可知，这种运动需要带一个垃圾袋和一副手套，故填a rubbish bag。13．根据第三段句子“While collecting rubbish, ploggers learn to classify (分类)and deal with it correctly, too.”可知，收集垃圾时，需要正确地分类和处理垃圾，故填deal with。14．根据倒数第二段句子“Plogging seems simple but it does a lot of good to both the environment and your health.”可知，这种运动对环境和健康都有帮助，故填the environment。15．根据倒数第二段句子“It can not only make the world greener, but also get you full body exercise”可知，这种运动会让世界更绿色环保，让自己更健康，故填greener。 Passage4 Taking kids to the movies sounds like fun. You have to obey the cinema rules. Now we have some suggestions for you. Choose the right movie and date. Make sure that you’ve chosen a suitable movie for your children’s ages and that the running time isn’t too long. Avoid opening days, especially with younger children, as too many people can mean long lines and more noise.Buy the tickets ahead of time and bring your own snacks. Save yourself time at the ticket box and snack bars. You can buy your tickets online. And bringing snacks from home saves money as well as time. You can bring a box of popcorn to share. Also, bringing small drinks can help to avoid toilet trips.Let the kids know the rules. It’s time to talk about a few rules. Make sure your children know the usual cinema rules about being quiet, staying in their seats and not disturbing other people. Ask them to tell you some rules before you go inside the cinema — that’ll make sure they can remember them. Save the attention span for the movie. Trying to keep your kids sitting for two hours can be difficult. Make it easy for them by skipping the endless previews (电影预告片) and ads at the start of a movie. Ask about when the movie will start and don’t get into the theatre until then.16．Why should we avoid opening days when taking kids to the movies?Because it means we can avoid ______________________________.17．Where can we buy tickets to save time?We can buy tickets _______________________.18．In which way can we make sure the kids know the rules of in the cinema?We can ask them to ___________________ before going inside the cinema.19．How to save the attention span for the movie?We can __________________ and ads at the start of a movie.20．How many suggestions does the writer give us about taking kids to the movies?The writer gives us _____________ suggestions besides telling children some cinema rules. 【答案】16．long lines and more noise17．online18．tell you some rules19．skip the endless previews20．three【答案解析】文章就带孩子去看电影这方面需要注意的事项给出了一些建议。16．根据“Avoid opening days, especially with younger children, as too many people can mean long lines and more noise.”可知，避免开放日是因为太多的人可能意味着要排长队，会有更多的噪音。故填long lines and more noise。17．根据“You can buy your tickets online.”可知，可以在网上买票节约时间，故填online。18．根据“Ask them to tell you some rules before you go inside the cinema — that’ll make sure they can remember them.”可知，在你走进电影院之前，让他们告诉你一些规则，这样可以确保他们能记住这些规则。故填tell you some rules。19．根据“Make it easy for them by skipping the endless previews and ads at the start of a movie.”可知，在电影开始的时候跳过没完没了的预告片和广告，可以让他们更轻松地观看电影，故填skip the endless previews。20．根据“Choose the right movie and date.Buy the tickets ahead of time and bring your own snacks.Let the kids know the rules.Save the attention span for the movie.”可知，文中一共提出了四条建议，所以除了“telling children some cinema rules”之外，还有三条建议，故填three。 Passage5  There are many inventions that have caused great changes in the world. Here is a short introduction of the maglev train(磁悬浮). The history of the maglev train started in the beginning or the 1900s. The American Robert Goddard and the French Emic Bachelet came up with the idea of frictionless(无摩擦的）trains. But scientist didn't succeed in making it at that time.About 60 years later, the Japanese started their research on maglev transportation. After many years of experiments, the Japanese began to build their first test line 7km in 1975, and finished it in 1977. Many test runs started in July 1977 with a speed of 517 km/h. In 1990, Japan built the Yamanashi Maglev test line. This test line was 42.8 km long and the first running test was held in 1997.The Germans also started research on the maglev train in the early 1970s. It took them ten years to make the first track( 轨 道 )model. In 1993, the longest nonstop test running was 1,674 km. That same year the speed reached 450km/h.China finished a 30-km-long maglev train line in Shanghai in 2003. This is the first commercial ( 商业 的 ）maglev train line in the world. Although this project cost over l billion dollars, we should feel proud of it.21．Robert Goddard and Emile Bachelet________the idea of frictionless trains.22．In 1975, the Japanese began to build________maglev trains.23．The German spent________in making the first track model.24．The Maglev train line in Shanghai is________long.25．________made the first commercial maglev train line. 【答案】21．came up with22．their first23．ten years24．thirty kilometers25．China【答案解析】文章主要讲述磁悬浮列车的发展历史。21．根据文中“The American Robert Goddard and the French Emic Bachelet came up with the idea of frictionless(无摩擦的）trains.”可知，罗伯特戈达德和埃米尔巴切莱特想出了无摩擦火车的主意。come up with想出，且根据句意可知，用一般过去时，故填came up with。22．根据文中“After many years of experiments, the Japanese began to build their first test line 7km in 1975, and finished it in 1977.”可知，1975年日本建立了他们的第一个磁悬浮火车测试线，故填their first。23．根据文中“It took them ten years to make the first track( 轨 道 )model.”可知，德国花费了十年制造第一个履带模式，故填ten years。24．根据文中“China finished a 30-km-long maglev train line in Shanghai in 2003.”可知，上海的磁悬浮线有30千米长。故填thirty kilometers。25．根据文中“China finished a 30-km-long maglev train line in Shanghai in 2003. This is the first commercial ( 商业 的 ）maglev train line in the world.”可知，中国建立了第一个商业磁悬浮列车线，故填China。 Passage6 阅读下面短文，根据其内容，完成图标中所缺的信息。All around the world, people drink tea. But tea doesn’t mean the same thing to everyone. In different countries, people have very different ideas about drinking tea.In China, for example, people always drink tea when they are getting together. They drink it at any time of the day at homes or in the tea houses. They prefer plain tea with nothing else in it.Tea is also important in Japan. Japanese have a special way of serving tea called tea ceremony (茶道) . It is very old and full of meaning. Everything must be done in a special way in the ceremony. There is even a special room for it in Japanese homes.Another tea-drinking country is Britain. In England, the late afternoon is “tea time”. Almost everyone has a cup of tea then. The English usually make tea in a teapot and drink it with milk and sugar. They also eat cakes, cookies and a few sandwiches at tea time. This is the so-called “Afternoon Tea” in Britain.In the United States, people drink tea mostly for breakfast or after meals. Americans usually use tea bags to make their tea. Tea bags are faster and easier than making tea in teapots. In summer, many Americans drink cold tea — “iced tea”. Sometimes they drink canned iced tea, just as soda.Topic: 26．Different CountriesIn China※ Tea is served when people are getting together.※ 27． they meet, they can drink it.※ They prefer tea with nothing else in it.   28．※ The way of serving tea is called tea ceremony.※ There is even a special room for drinking tea.In England※ “Tea time” is 29．.※ The English usually make tea in a teapot and drink it with something, such as milk and sugar.In the USA※ Americans usually use tea bags to make their tea.※ Many Americans drink iced tea.※ They sometimes drink canned iced tea.30．Tea means different things to people in different countries.  【答案】26．Serving and drinking tea27．Whenever28．In Japan29．the late afternoon30．Conclusion【答案解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述不同国家不同的奉茶和喝茶的文化，茶对于不同国家的人而言意义也不同。26．根据文章第二段到第五段的描述以及关键句“people always drink tea”，“Japanese … serving tea called tea ceremony”等可知，本文主要讲述不同国家奉茶和喝茶的文化。故填Serving and drinking tea。27．根据第二段“They drink it at any time of the day …”可知，中国人喝茶可以在一天中的任何时候，at any time：在任何时间，单词whenever与之同义。故填whenever。28．根据“Japanese… called tea ceremony”以及“There is even a special room for it in Japanese homes.”可知，有一种特殊的奉茶方式叫做茶道，以及家里有专门的房间来喝茶，这种现象发生在日本。故填In Japan。29．根据“In England, the late afternoon is “tea time””可知，下午茶时间发生在下午晚些时候。故填the late afternoon。30．根据“But tea doesn’t mean … very different ideas about drinking tea.”可知，茶对于每个人而言含义也不同，在不同国家，人们对于喝茶有很多不同的看法，文章第二段到第五段用不同国家的茶文化来阐述这一点，所以这个观点这篇文章的结论。故填Conclusion。