专题11阅读填空-2023年中考英语考试研究（无锡专用）

这是一份专题11阅读填空-2023年中考英语考试研究（无锡专用），共35页。
专题11 阅读填空-2023年中考英语考试研究（无锡专用）

无锡市历年考情解读
知识点名称
考察题型
具体的考察情况
填写标题中空缺的单词
阅读填空
标题中实词的首字母需大写
填写左侧归纳性的单词
阅读填空
Background information；Advantages；Disadvantages；
Important facts; Introduction; Conclusion;
Reasons; Purposes; Beginning; Main body等
填写右侧细节性的单词
阅读填空
对应文章中寻找跟空格前后内容有关系的单词进行适当的变形或者同义替换。

无锡市中考英语历年（2019-2022）真题展示
【2019无锡中考】
六、 阅读填空
先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。所填单词必须写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。每个空格只能填一个单词。（本大题共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，共 5 分）
Britons are well known for drinking tea. The average (典型的) person in the UK drinks around 1.9 kg of tea every year. That’s around 876 cups of tea. Tea is drunk by all levels of society. But tea does not grow in Britain. Most tea grows in India and China. So, how did it become an important part of British culture?
Tea arrived in London in the 1600s. At this time, British ships were exploring the world and came across the drink in China. It was not long before green tea could be bought from the market. However, it was only for the rich people.
At the beginning of the 1700s, the amount（数量）of tea arriving in Britain increased rapidly . Black tea arrived at this time. At first this tea served exactly as it was in China. They soon discovered that it mixed really well with a little milk and sugar, giving the drink a special British colour.
In the 1800s, tea was still a product enjoyed only by people with money. At this time they began to have “afternoon tea”. They drank tea with a snack around 4 pm to avoid feeling hungry between lunch and dinner. It is a still going today but has become less popular in recent times.
Title: 52 and Britain-a short history
Important facts
Ø Drinking tea is an important part of British culture.
Ø The average British drinks about 1.9 kg of tea every year.
Ø Tea is not _____53____ in the UK, but mostly in India and China.
Big events
Ø British ships discovered tea in China while exploring the world and it arrived in London in the 1600s.
Ø Black tea arrived at the beginning of the 1970s and Britons first drank it exactly the same way as the 54 did.
Ø A little milk and sugar were found to be a perfect 55 for black tea and a special British drink was born.
Ø Britons began to have ‘afternoon tea’ in the 1800s and it has 56 a tradition since then.
【答案】52. Tea 53. grown 54. Chinese 55. colour 56. become
【解析】本文介绍了茶是如何成为英国文化的重要组成部分的？英国人以喝茶而闻名。但是茶在英国不生长。大多数茶叶生长在印度和中国。茶在16世纪到达伦敦，在17世纪初，到达英国的茶叶数量迅速增加。在19世纪，英国人开始喝“下午茶”。从那时起，它就成了一种传统。
51．Tea 考查名词．由第一段Britons are well known for drinking tea．可知，英国人以喝茶而闻名．接着本段介绍到，茶叶原产地不在英国，茶叶如何到英国的，在英国有多久的历史了，所以文章就此展开了讨论，所以空处需用单词tea概况文章的主旨大意，标题中实词首字母需大写．故填Tea．
52．grown 考查过去分词．由第一段 But tea does not grow in Britain．Most tea grows in India and China．可知，但是英国不种植茶，大多数茶生长在印度和中国．空处考查了一般现在时态的被动语态，表示茶被种植，所以空处需用grow的过去分词grown．故填grown．
53．Chinese 考查名词．由倒数第二段Black tea arrived at this time．At first this tea served exactly as it was in China．可知，红茶出现在20世纪70年代初，英国人第一次喝红茶的方式和中国人完全一样．空处需用指人的名词作主语，结合in China可知，此处需用Chinese，表示中国人．故填Chinese．
54．colour 考查名词。根据They soon discovered that it mixed really well with a little milk and sugar, giving the drink a special British colour. 他们很快发现，它与少量的牛奶和糖很好地混合，使这种饮料具有英国特有的颜色。可知，本题应该填：colour；句子A little milk and sugar were found to be a perfect ___54___ for black tea and a special British drink was born.的意思是：少量的牛奶和糖被发现是红茶的完美颜色，一种特殊的英国饮料诞生了。所以答案为：colour。
55. become 考查过去分词。 结合短文At this time they began to have “afternoon tea”这时，他们开始喝“下午茶”。可知是从那以后，它变成了一个传统。因前面有has，故是现在完成时态，故填写become。

【2020无锡中考】
六、阅读填空
先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。所填单词必须写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。每个空格只能填一个单词。
People have been using the wind’s energy for a long, long time. More than 5, 000 years ago, ancient Egyptians made boats powered by the wind. In 200 B.C., people used windmills(风车) in China.
Today, we collect the wind’s energy with wind turbines(涡轮). A turbine is similar to a windmill; it is a very tall tower with two or three blades(叶片) at the top. These blades are turned by the wind. The blades turn a generator(发电机) located inside the tower, which creates power.
Groups of wind turbines are known as wind farms. Wind farms can be found near farmland, in narrow mountain passes, and even in the ocean, where there are stronger winds. Wind farms create power for nearby homes, schools and other buildings.
In places like the Midwest and along coasts, winds can provide cheap power. Another great advantage of wind power is that it is a clean form of energy. Wind turbines do not burn oil or coal and do not pollute the air.
Wind is not always an ideal source of energy, however. Wind speed changes from time to time, depending on the time of day, weather and location. Wind turbines can be also dangerous for bats and birds. These animals cannot always tell how fast the blades are moving and crash into them.
Title: ___52___ Energy
Ancient times
➢ People in Egypt made wind-powered boats ___53___ 5,000 years ago.
➢ People in China used windmills in 200 B.C.
Modern times
➢ It is ___54___ with turbines, which are tall windmill-like towers with two or three blades at the top and a generator inside.
➢ The wind turns the blades and the blades turn the generator to create power.
Advantages
➢ Winds produce power at a low ___55___ in certain areas.
➢ Wind turbines do not cause air pollution.
Disadvantages
➢ Wind speed does not remain at the same ___56___ all the time.
➢ Wind turbines can be dangerous for animals like bats and birds.
【答案】52. Wind’s 53. over 54. collected 55. cost 56. level
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人类从古至今对风能的利用。
【52题详解】
通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人类从古至今对风能的利用。故此处标题为“风能”，且首字母应该大写。故答案为Wind’s。
【53题详解】
根据原文More than 5, 000 years ago, ancient Egyptians made boats powered by the wind可知，5000多年前，古埃及人就制造了风力驱动的船只。故此处说的是5000多年前，古埃及人制造了风力驱动的船只。答案只能填一个词，故答案为over。
【54题详解】
根据原文Today, we collect the wind’s energy with wind turbines可知，今天，我们用风力涡轮机收集风能。故此处用被动语态说的是风能被风力涡轮机收集。故答案为collected。
【55题详解】
根据原文In places like the Midwest and along coasts, winds can provide cheap power可知，在中西部和沿海地区，风能可以提供廉价的电力。故此处说的是在某些地区，风能可以以低成本发电。故答案为cost。
【56题详解】
根据原文Wind speed changes from time to time, depending on the time of day, weather and location可知，风速随时间的变化而变化，这取决于一天中的时间、天气和地点。故此处说的是风速并非一直保持在同一水平。故答案为level。

【2021无锡中考】
七、阅读填空
先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。所填单词必须写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。每个空格只能填一个单词。
When things around the house stop working，what do you usually do with them？If you're like a lot of people，you probably just throw them away.
    In some areas，it's difficult to find people who can make repairs，and fixing things can be quite expensive.Also，some small objects are so inexpensive that it's often easier to just buy a new one.
    In 2009，Martine Postma from the Netherlands decided there must be a better way.Her solution was Repair Cafes：places where people can take broken items.There they will find tools，resources and volunteer experts who are ready to help with repairs.
    Postma's first Repair Cafe opened on Oct.18，2009，in Amsterdam，and was a huge success.News of the cafe spread，and people began asking how they could start their own.In 2011，Postma set up the Repair Cafe Foundation.This nonprofit organization provides guidance to those hoping to begin their own neighbourhood repair group.
     Today，there are about 2，000 Repair Cafes around the world with meetings usually taking place once a month.Around25 objects are repaired during each meeting.Everything is free，but donations are greatly welcome.
    The cafes not only provide help with repairs，they also strengthen community ties. Neighbors get to know one another as they work together on projects.Moreover，valuable knowledge is passed along and preserved.Items are kept rather than thrown away，meaning less rubbish in landfills.
                                                               Title：Repair Cafes
Basic  information
➢The first  one was（52）　 by Martine Postma in Amsterdam in 2009.
➢About 2，000 of them have been set up all over the world  so far.
➢Repairing  things at such a cafe（53） 　   nothing but donations are welcome.
（54）　
➢They help  improve the（55）　 between neighbors.
➢They help  pass along and preserve valuable knowledge.
➢They help（56）　 the environment.
【解析】本文主要介绍了一些维修咖啡馆为人们带来便利。
（52）opened.考查动词的过去分词。根据第四段Postma's first Repair Cafe opened on Oct.18，2009，in Amsterdam，and was a huge success.Postma的第一家修理咖啡馆于2009年10月18日在阿姆斯特丹开业，并取得了巨大的成功，题目中使用同义句，原文的主动语态在题目中变为被动语态，即第一家修理咖啡馆是由Postma开办的，is后跟动词的过去分词构成被动语态的谓语动词，故答案为opened.
（53）costs.考查动词的第三人称单数形式。根据第五段Everything is free，but donationsare greatly welcome.一切都是免费的，但是捐赠很受欢迎，题目中使用同义句，即维修东西不花钱，动名词作主语，一般现在时中谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故答案为costs。
（54）Advantages.考查可数名词复数。根据最后一段The cafes not only provide help with repairs，they also strengthen community ties.这些咖啡馆不仅提供维修服务，还加强了社区联系。可知本段主要讲了维修咖啡馆的好处，故答案为Advantages.
（55）relationship.考查名词。根据最后一段The cafes not only provide help with repairs，they also strengthen community ties.这些咖啡馆不仅提供维修服务，还加强了社区联系。题目中使用同义句，即它们帮助提升了邻居们之间的关系，故答案为relationship.
（56）to protect.考查动词原形。根据最后一段Items are kept rather than thrown away，meaning less rubbish in landfills.物品被保存起来，而不是扔掉，这意味着垃圾填埋场的垃圾更少，题目中使用同义句，据此判断它们也帮助保护了环境，help后跟动词不定式，故答案为to protect.

【2022无锡中考】
六、阅读填空(本大题共5小题.每小题1分，共5分)
先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词，每个空格只能填一个单词。

Beginning of Summer, one of the Chinese 24 solar terms, usually falls each year on a day between May 5 and 7 according to the calendar. For centuries, people of the Banshan neighbourhood in Hangzhou, Zhejiang hold a lot of events. Celebrations usually begin with parade made up of people dressed up in traditional Chinese clothing, Hanfu. After the parade, local people take part in some activities at the square.
Eating black rice: A few days before Beginning of Summer, people of Banshan begin busying themselves with cooking black rice. They mix rice and the juice of fresh-picked sea bilberry leaves. Black rice culture started from the Tang Dynasty (618-907). It is believed that children who eat black rice will not be bitten by insects and will be fit the whole summer.
Weighing people: Local people of Banshan developed the interesting tradition of weighing people on this day to check the changes in their bodyweight over the past year. People of all ages take part in the activity. Locals believe that people who weigh themselves on this day will not only have good luck, but also guard against weight loss during the coming summer.
Egg fights: Children are undoubtedly crazy about this game. With a boiled egg, each child tries to break the egg of their competitor. Whoever’s egg breaks first is the loser, and needs to eat the egg as a punishment. The champion in the game is awarded the title of “Egg King”.
Today these activities have given birth to a series of special customs in Banshan on Beginning of Summer.
Title: Traditions on Beginning of Summer: A Taste of Food and ____54____
Background information
» Beginning of Summer usually falls each year on a day between May 5 and 7.
» Local people in traditional Chinese clothing take part in some activities to ____55____ this day.
Special activities
» Eating black rice has a long ____56____. People believe eating it keeps children safe from the danger of insect biting.
» Weighing people on this day is ____57____ among people of different ages. By doing so, they believe they will have good luck and guard against weight loss in the coming summer.
» Egg fights is a game that children are crazy about. If a child ____58____ the game, he needs to eat the egg.
【答案】
54. Fun 55. celebrate 56. history 57. popular 58. loses
【解析】本文主要介绍了立夏节气的时间、活动和饮食等。
【54题详解】
根据“For centuries, people of the Banshan neighbourhood in Hangzhou, Zhejiang hold a lot of events. Celebrations usually begin with parade made up of people dressed up in traditional Chinese clothing, Hanfu.”和“A few days before Beginning of Summer, people of Banshan begin busying themselves with cooking black rice.”可知，在立夏可以品尝美食，享受乐趣。故填Fun。
【55题详解】
根据“Celebrations usually begin with parade made up of people dressed up in traditional Chinese clothing, Hanfu.”可知，当地人穿着中国传统服装参加一些活动来庆祝这个节气。空前to为不定式符号，此处使用动词原形，celebrate“庆祝”。故填celebrate。
【56题详解】
根据“Black rice culture started from the Tang Dynasty (618-907).”可知，吃黑米有着悠久的历史。history“历史”，根据空前a可知，这里填名词单数。故填history。
【57题详解】
根据“Local people of Banshan developed the interesting tradition of weighing people on this day to check the changes in their bodyweight over the past year. People of all ages take part in the activity.”可知，在这一天给不同年龄的人称重，可知这个活动很流行。此处be动词后使用形容词popular“受欢迎的，流行的”。故填popular。
【58题详解】
根据“Whoever’s egg breaks first is the loser, and needs to eat the egg as a punishment.”可知，输了的人需要吃掉那个鸡蛋，lose“输掉”，a child为主语，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，因此从句使用一般现在时，动词使用第三人称单数，故填loses。

考点分析
1．直接信息题
这类题目要求考生能快速在文章中查找相关细节，锁定信息来源，并用文章中的词来填空。
2．信息转换题
这类题型无法从原文中找到原词或完全一样的原句，这需要我们对文章进行加工或变通。这些变通大多与语法知识有关，也有些与短语搭配和固定句型有关。
3．信息概括题
这类题目难度大、要求高、得分低，考生要在透彻理解文章的基础上，根据文中相关信息综合分析后提炼出新词。此类题目主要分为两种类型：
(1)总结性词汇。设题大多数情况下是概括文章的标题、段落大意、事件过程、文章的目的、意义以及得出的结论等。
解题关键
(2)归纳词。有的题目在原文中可能找不到具体的信息句。这就要求我们首先要确定信息区域，然后对该区域进行认真地分析归纳。
解题关键

解题时应注意的几个问题:
1．字母大小写。
2．名词的数和格。
3．动词的形式。
4．形容词、副词的比较级、最高级。
5．动词或名词与介词的习惯搭配。
6．时态、语态、主谓一致、第三人称等。
7．格式一致。表格内容的同一级要用相同的形式。

模拟预测（2022年无锡市一模二模）
【无锡江阴市2022年中考英语二模试卷】
七、阅读填空 （本大题共8小题，每小题1分，共8分）
先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。每个空格只能填一个单词。
There are several factors that may decide why a country chooses a particular passport colour. These factors include religious (宗教的), geographical, historical or cultural ones.
Some countries try to fit in with nations or political groups they’d like to join. Governments can choose the overall design and colour for their passports from one of the four basic colors: red, blue, green, or black.
Red Passports
Red, the most common passport colour, not only has religious meanings, but also may have some connections with a country’s history or politics. Countries in Northern Europe generally hold red passports.
Blue Passports
The second most common passport colour is blue. Traditionally, the colour blue is meant to represent the “New World” nations in North and South America, and Oceania (大洋洲). The U.S. passport has been blue since 1976.
Green Passports
Green is the most common colour of choice for Arab countries. Considered as a sign of nature and life, it is of great importance for Arabian religions. The citizens of several West African countries also have travel documents that have different shades of green, which means they belong to the Economic Community of West African States.
Black Passports
Black passports are not as common as brighter colors, though dark shades tend to make a document look more official. Only 10 countries have black passports, all unconnected with geography or religion. New Zealand’s passport is black since it’s the country’s national colour.
In all, the reasons why passports in different colors often have important and deep meanings to each government.
A Brief ___54___ To Passport Colours
Many factors may decide what colour a country chooses for its passport.

Red Passports
➢ Red is ___55___ with the country’s religion and history or politics.
➢ Northern European Countries generally hold red passports.

Blue Passports
➢ Blue ___56___ for “New World” nations in North and South America, and Oceania.
➢ The USA holds blue passports.

Green Passports
➢ Green represents nature and life, which is very ___57___ for Arabian religions.
➢ Arab countries and some West African countries hold green passports.

Black Passports
➢ Black is the ___58___ common colour for passports.
➢ Only 10 countries including New Zealand hold black passports.
【答案】
54. Introduction 55. connected 56. stands 57. important 58. least
【解析】本文主要介绍了世界上有不同颜色的护照，并且介绍了每种颜色背后的意义以及流行程度。
【54题详解】
通读全文可知文章主要介绍了不同颜色的护照，此处的标题为“护照颜色简介”，introduction“介绍”，标题中首字母需大写。故填Introduction。
【55题详解】
根据“Red…not only has religious meanings, but also may have some connections with a country’s history or politics.”可知，红色不仅具有宗教意义，还可能与一个国家的历史或政治有关，be connected with“与……相连/联系”。故填connected。
【56题详解】
根据“Traditionally, the colour blue is meant to represent the ‘New World’ nations in North and South America, and Oceania (大洋洲). ”可知，蓝色在南北美洲和大洋洲代表着“新世界”国家，stand for“代表”，主语是“Blue”，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填stands。
【57题详解】
根据“Considered as a sign of nature and life, it is of great importance for Arabian religions.”可知，绿色是自然和生命的象征，对阿拉伯宗教来说很重要。be动词is后接形容词作表语，important“重要的”。故填important。
【58题详解】
根据“Black passports are not as common as brighter colors”可知，黑色护照不像明亮的颜色那么常见，空前有定冠词the，此处应用形容词的最高级形式，least“最小的，最少的”，the least common“最不常见的”。故填least。

【无锡市滨湖区2022年中考英语一模试题】
六、阅读填空
先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。每个空格只能填一个单词。

Durrow Scarecrow(稻草人) Festival 2022 will take place from July 24th to August 1st! The whole city is running a scarecrow competition and all the works will be shown during the festival. That will be nine full days of family friendly fun, along with traditional games, and charitable activities!
Humans have used scarecrows around the world for over 3,000 years. The first recorded use of scarecrows was by the Egyptians to protect their wheat fields along the Nile River. Scarecrows were mainly used to scare away hungry birds. Nowadays, numerous exciting and enjoyable scarecrow festivals are born for all the citizens to attend.
The England scarecrow festival started in 1994. A man held a charitable activity by encouraging villagers to make scarecrows depicting (描绘) their jobs. The idea of homemade scarecrows arose people’s interest. Later, the festival grew into England’s village tradition. Every year it attracts countless visitors from all over the world to join in the fun. There are over one hundred life-size scarecrows at this festival. They are made in the traditional ways by the locals. You will find the scarecrows placed throughout the villages.
Scarecrow festivals help people let their creativity out by experiencing DIY with straw. They also become a talking point for neighbours who have never met each other before. Citizens join in the fun and show off their creative flair(才华) to each other. Besides, through the competition, the team spirit will be displayed.
Scarecrow Festivals
Basic Information
Durrow Scarecrow Festival 2022 will ____54____ for nine days.
Durrow Scarecrow Festival 2022 ____55____ a scarecrow competition, traditional games, and charitable activities.
History
The Egyptians made scarecrows to ____56____ their fields from hungry birds 3,000 years ago.
The England scarecrow festival started in 1994.
There are many scarecrow festivals now, attracting countless visitors.
____57____
They help release people’s creativity by experiencing DIY with straw.
They help improve the ____58____ between neighbours.
They help display the team spirit.
【答案】54. last 55. includes 56. protect 57. Advantages 58. relationship
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要向我们介绍稻草人节的相关内容。
【54题详解】
根据“Durrow Scarecrow(稻草人) Festival 2022 will take place from July 24th to August 1st!”可知，2022年杜罗稻草人节将于7月24日至8月1日举行，节日持续9天，故填last。
【55题详解】
根据“The whole city is running a scarecrow competition and all the works will be shown during the festival. That will be nine full days of family friendly fun, along with traditional games, and charitable activities!”可知，整个城市都在举办稻草人比赛，所有的作品都将在节日期间展出，这将是整整九天的家庭友好的乐趣，连同传统游戏，和慈善活动！所以活动包括稻草人比赛、传统游戏和慈善活动。故填includes。
【56题详解】
根据“Humans have used scarecrows around the world for over 3,000 years. The first recorded use of scarecrows was by the Egyptians to protect their wheat fields along the Nile River. Scarecrows were mainly used to scare away hungry birds.”可知，人类在世界各地使用稻草人已有3000多年的历史。 有记载的首次使用稻草人是埃及人用来保护尼罗河沿岸的麦田。 稻草人主要用来吓跑饥饿的鸟儿。所以是用稻草人来保护他们的田地不受饥饿鸟类的伤害。故填protect。
【57题详解】
根据表格右侧内容可知，介绍的是稻草人节的优点，advantage“优点”，此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填Advantages。
【58题详解】
根据“They also become a talking point for neighbours who have never met each other before.”可知，它们也成为了从未谋面的邻居们的话题。所以稻草人节提升了邻里之间的关系，故填relationship。

【无锡市华庄中学2022年中考英语二模试卷】
六、阅读填空
先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。所填单词必须写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。每个空格只能填一个单词。（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
Over the past billions of years, many animals and plants have lived on this beautiful planet. But about 99.9 percent of them died out. This is because they couldn’t adapt to （适应） where they lived. To survive, living things must change over time. This is called evolution（进化）.
When reading this article, please remember that every one of us is a lucky dog. We evolve, and we survive! After years of evolution, now we have the abilities to live in the world and enjoy it. Just like humans, other animals on-Earth also evolve great abilities. For example, giraffes live on the grassland of Africa. To adapt to life there, they have evolved longer necks to reach the high trees, as well as longer legs to run away from lions and cheetahs（猎豹）.
However, evolution also gives giraffes a strange habit: They only sleep for about 30 minutes a day and less than 5 minutes a time, and they sleep standing! Why are they so wakeful? Well, that’s because they are so tall. They need longer time getting off the ground and run. Because of this special sleep style, they won’t become easy meals for others.
As you see, evolution isn’t always perfect. It helps animals to live, but it sometimes also gives them what they don’t really want. Don’t feel sorry. It’s part of natural selection（选择）. In order to survive, all of this is necessary.
Facts About Evolution
Why evolution happens
Humans and other animals on earth need to evolve great abilities to adopt to the ____54____.
Take giraffes for ____55____
They have evolved longer necks to ____56____ high trees, as well as longer legs to run away from dangerous animals.
They only sleep for a very short time and they sleep standing, or they will be eaten by others ____57____.
Whether revolution is perfect
Evolution isn’t always perfect. On the one hand, it helps animals to live. On the other hand, it sometimes can not just ____58____ their need.
【答案】54. environment 55. example 56. reach57. easily 58. satisfy
【解析】本文主要介绍了进化，进化不总是完美的。它有助于动物生存，但是有时也会给它们不想要的东西。
【54题详解】
根据“This is because they couldn’t adapt to（适应）where they lived. To survive, living things must change over time. This is called evolution .”可知，人类和地球上的其他动物需要进化出强大的能力来适应环境。故填environment。
【55题详解】
根据“For example, giraffes live on the grassland of Africa.”可知，这里是拿长颈鹿作为例子，take…for example表示“拿……作为例子”。故填example。
【56题详解】
根据“To adapt to life there, they have evolved longer necks to reach the high trees”可知，它们进化出了更长的脖子以达到高大的树木。故填reach。
【57题详解】
根据“They only sleep for about 30 minutes a day and less than 5 minutes a time, and they sleep standing! Why are they so wakeful? Well, that’s because they are so tall. They need longer time getting off the ground and run. Because of this special sleep style, they won’t become easy meals for others.”可知，它们只睡很短的时间，站着睡觉，否则很容易被别的动物吃掉。副词“easily”修饰动词“eat”。故填easily。
【58题详解】
根据“It helps animals to live, but it sometimes also gives them what they don’t really want.”可知，不能满足他们，satisfy意为“满足”，can后跟动词原形。故填satisfy。

【无锡市惠山区八校2022年中考英语一模试题】
七、阅读填空 （本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
Scientists are not alone in the fight against the virus, as various products and apps are giving them a hand. Here are some examples.
Drones (无人机)
Drones have played a major role in disinfection (消毒). Police officers also use them to spread the latest information. What's more, they use drones to remind people to wear masks or warn them not to gather in large groups.
Robots
Robots are good helpers on the frontlines. They do many tasks in hospitals, including sending medicine or meals, doing disinfection and measuring patients' body temperature. This not only greatly reduces the burden for medical workers, but also prevents the cross-infection (交叉感染).
Mini-programmes
Different mini-programmes, or apps that you don't need to download but can use on Wechat, have also come to help. For example, you can check whether you have unknowingly travelled alongside infected patients. Community workers can collect information about people more easily with the help of mini-programmes.
Health QR codes (健康码)
People in more than 100 cities can get their own health QR codes by applying through Alipay or Wechat. This way, they don't have to fill in information like their names, ages and living addresses over and over again when they enter public places.
Title: ___74___ Joins the Fight
Drones

＞They play a major role in disinfection.
＞They are used by police officers to tell people ___75___ to do.
Robots

＞They help medical workers do much work.
＞They help reduce the ___76___ of cross-infection.
Mini-programmes

＞They are used to check if there are any infected patients near you.
＞They make it ___77___ for community workers to collect information.
Health QR codes

By applying health QR codes, people don't have to fill in their ___78___ information over and over again when entering public places.
【答案】
74. Technology 75. what 76. risk/possibility 77. easier 78. personal
【解析】在抗击病毒的战斗中，科学家并不是唯一一个参与到对抗病毒的斗争中来的人，各种科技产品和应用程序都在帮助他们。本篇介绍无人机、机器人、微型程序、健康QR代码等各种科技产品和应用程序在对抗病毒中的作用。
【74题详解】
根据文中“Scientists are not alone in the fight against the virus, as various products and apps are giving them a hand Drones … Robots …Mini-programmes…Health QR codes”无人机、机器人、微型程序、健康QR代码等各种科技产品和应用程序都在帮助科学家对抗病毒；由此推断空格处指科技产品加入到对抗病毒的斗争中；空格是句子的主语，判断填名词，technology科技，名词，故答案为Technology。
【75题详解】
判断空格填疑问词，与不定式构成“疑问词+不定式”结构做动词宾语；根据第二段“What's more, they use drones to remind people to wear masks or warn them not to gather in large groups.”可知无人机提醒人们戴口罩或警告他们不要聚集在一个大的群体，即告诉人们该做什么；故答案为what。
【76题详解】
空格在定冠词后面，判断填名词；根据第三段“This not only greatly reduces the burden for medical workers, but also prevents the cross-infection ” 这不仅大大减轻了医务人员的负担，而且防止了交叉感染，即降低交叉感染的风险/可能； risk风险，名词；possibility可能，名词；故答案为risk/ possibility
【77题详解】
make sth+adj使……状态，由此判断空格填形容词；根据第四段“Community workers can collect information about people more easily with the help of mini-programmes” 社区工作者可以通过小型项目更容易地收集人们的信息，由此可知空格指小程序使社区工作者更容易收集信息； easier更容易，形容词比较级；故答案为easier。
【78题详解】
空格在形容词性物主代词后面，判断填名词；根据第五段“This way, they don't have to fill in information like their names, ages and living addresses over and over again when they enter public places”他们进入公共场所时就不必一遍又一遍地填写姓名、年龄和居住地址等信息，可知空格处 指人们不必一遍又一遍地填写个人信息；personal个人的，形容词；故答案为personal。
【点睛】本篇为任务型阅读，完成表格。要求在理解文本信息的基础上，根据材料提供的直接信息或推理、提炼后的间接信息完成题目要求的任务。解答时要通读全文，在原文中定位空格前后的关键词，确定空格缺的信息；再根据语法（词性、时态、单复数、主宾格等）、固定搭配、日常用语、语境等，确定空格的正确形式。题1是句子的主语，填名词；题2、4根据固定搭配“疑问词+不定式”和make sth+adj解答；解答完，要复读文章，结合题意和文后提供的任务信息，认真核实任务以保证答题正确。

【无锡市蠡园中学2022年中考英语二模试卷】
六、阅读填空 （本大题共5 小题，每小题1 分，共5 分）
先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。所填单词必须写在答题卷对应题号的横线上。每个空格只能填一个单词。
Most of us have never thought about building an educational toy by ourselves. If we need a learning toy or something, we simply go to the nearest store and buy it. However, things are not as easy in third world countries. With families even having no food to put on the table, buying toys, especially the educational ones, is the last thing on the parents’ minds.
So how can one get these kids interested in science? This was a question that worried the Indian engineer Arvind Gupta so much that he decided to give up a good job and spend his life making toys from things that people no longer want or need!
Mr. Gupta began teaching in the 1970s. While still an engineering student at the Indian College of Technology, he volunteered to teach the children who could not afford to go to school. After graduation, he found a good job at India’s Tata Motors and spent the next five years designing cars.
But he soon realized that this was not something he wanted to do for the rest of his life. So he took a year’s training course and took part in the Hoshangabad Science Teaching Program whose aim was to make science fun and exciting for poor children using available materials.
Mr. Gupta found the whole project so satisfying that he decided to leave his high-paying job and focus his attention on designing educational toys that were not only cheap and easy to build, but are also full of scientific principles(科学原理), so that children could get interested in this interesting subject.
When the Internet started becoming a more widespread learning tool, Mr. Gupta created a Toys from Trash website and also recorded over 250 YouTube videos.
Today, over 50,000 children and teachers visit the website daily to download the videos for the toy creations based on cool science. Some young children have become so inspired (鼓舞) that they have even won international science competitions with the help of his creations.
Making educational toys from rubbish
_____54_____
for building
educational toys
●Most people never thought about building educational toys.
●Usually people go to the nearest store to buy educational toys in need.
●To some families, food is more _____55_____ than educational toys.
●We should help children to get interested in science.
About
Mr. Gupta
●Finding a good job and spending five years designing cars after _____56_____ college.
●Deciding to give up a good job and spending his life making special toys.
●Volunteering to teach the children from poor families.
●Taking a year’s training course to learn to make science fun and exciting for poor
children.
●Focusing his attention on designing educational toys.
About the website
●Toys from Trash is a website with over 250 YouTube videos.
●Many children visit the website and they are _____57_____ with the videos for the toy creations based on cool science.
●With the help of his creations, children ____58____ in winning international science competitions.
【答案】54. Reasons 55. important 56. leaving 57. provided 58. succeeded
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述古普塔放弃他的好工作，制造开发有教育意义的玩具帮助贫困家庭孩子的事情。
【54题详解】
根据“With families even having no food to put on the table, buying toys, especially the educational ones, is the last thing on the parents’ minds”可知，第三世界国家的家庭大多贫穷，基本温饱都成问题，正是这个原因，接下来作者才决定放弃优渥的工作，从事益智玩具的制造，reason可数名词“理由”，用复数形式，注意首字母大写。故填Reasons。
【55题详解】
根据“With families even having no food to put on the table, buying toys, especially the educational ones, is the last thing on the parents’ minds”可知，对于一些家庭来说，解决温饱是很重要的。由“is more”可知，空格处应填写形容词原级，important形容词“重要的”符合语境。故填important。
【56题详解】
根据“After graduation, he found a good job at India’s Tata Motors and spent the next five years designing cars”可知，毕业之后古普塔花费五年时间设计汽车。leave college“大学毕业”，after是介词，其后跟动名词。故填leaving。
【57题详解】
根据“Today, over 50,000 children and teachers visit the website daily to download the videos for the toy creations based on cool science”可知，许多孩子访问网站，他们提供了基于酷科学的玩具创作的视频，provide sb with sth“给某人提供某物”，they与provide之间是被动关系，此处用被动语态结构，空格前已有are，此空应填过去分词，故填provided。
【58题详解】
根据“Some young children have become so inspired (鼓舞) that they have even won international science competitions with the help of his creations.”可知，在他的创造的帮助下，孩子们成功地赢得了国际科学比赛，succeed in doing sth“成功做某事”，此句应用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填succeeded。

【无锡市梁溪区2022年中考英语二模试卷】
六、阅读填空 （本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。每个空格只能填一个单词。
On March 23, the Shenzhou XIII crew delivered their second science lecture, in which the astronauts also carried out experiments to show physical phenomena only possible in microgravity.
In one experiment, Wang used a toy of Bing Dwen Dwen, the popular mascot of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, to display how objects fly in a weightless environment.
Before ending the lecture, the astronauts answered questions taken from members of the public and students at the ground venues. The questions covered various facts of life and work in space, such as how to take care of their skin and if the moon looks different from the Tiangong station.
At the end of the class, Wang told the audience that in the coming months, two large space labs—Wentian and Mengtian—will be launched into space to dock with the Tianhe module to complete the Tiangong station, and then China will have stronger capability in terms of space-based scientific experimentation and the “Tiangong class” will become more interesting.
Pang Zhihao, a retired spaceflight researcher, said the class will be an “eye-opener” for youngsters, specially prepared for students by implanting the pursuit of science and innovation in them.
“Many distinguished scientists were created by their interest and curiosity about ‘strange things’. The experiments done by the astronauts will put ‘question marks’ in our students’ mind, and the youngsters will then move to find answers and explore more places unknown to humankind,” he said.
Two space labs — “Tiangong class”
___54___ did the “Tiangong class” go?
Wang displayed ___55___ objects in a weightless environment.
The astronauts answered different questions ___56___ by members of the public and students at the ground venues.
Wang told us space labs will be launched into space in the following months.
The meaning of the “Tiangong class”
The class will open up a whole new world to youngsters, ___57___ students.
The class will ___58___ the youngsters to find answers and explore more places unknown to humans.
【答案】54. How 55. flying 56. raised/asked 57. especially 58. encourage
【解析】本文主要介绍了天宫课堂是如何进行的，以及有何意义。
【54题详解】
根据“Wang displayed…”和“The astronauts answered different questions…”可知，此处是介绍天宫课堂是如何进行的。how“怎样，如何”符合语境；结合表格中的标题可知，句首字母要大写。故填How。
【55题详解】
根据“In one experiment, Wang used a toy of Bing Dwen Dwen, …to display how objects fly in a weightless environment.”可知，王展示了物体在失重的环境下如何飞行。结合题干可知，此处要用fly的现在分词形式flying，作定语修饰名词“objects”。故填flying。
【56题详解】
根据“Before ending the lecture, the astronauts answered questions taken from members of the public and students at the ground venues.”可知，在讲座结束前，航天员回答了市民和学生提出的问题。结合题干可知，raise/ask“提出（问题）”符合语境；再根据“by members of the public and students at the ground venues”可知，此处要用过去分词形式。故填raised/asked。
【57题详解】
根据“said the class will be an ‘eye-opener’ for youngsters, specially prepared for students by implanting the pursuit of science and innovation in them.”可知，这个课堂会让年轻人大开眼界，特别是为学生灌输追求科学和创新的思想。结合题干可知，especially“尤其，特别”符合语境。故填especially。
【58题详解】
根据“The experiments done by the astronauts will put ‘question marks’ in our students’ mind, and the youngsters will then move to find answers and explore more places unknown to humankind”可知，宇航员所做的实验将在学生的心中留下“问号”，然后这促使他们去寻找答案，探索更多人类未知的地方。由此推知，这个课堂将鼓励年轻人去寻找答案，探索更多人类未知的地方。encourage“鼓励”符合语境。故填encourage。

【无锡市天一实验学校2022年中考英语二模试卷】
六、阅读填空（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。所填单词必须写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。每个空格只能填一个单词。
Rocky neighbours
Avebury is near the far more famous Stonehenge (巨石阵). What is interesting about it is that a village has grown up around a collection of stones, unlike Stonehenge, which stands alone. Avebury and Stonehenge are just two of about 1,300 stone circles all over the UK. Many of them are in fantastic locations.
Stone circles through history
Some of them are UNESCO World Heritage (遗产) sites, and several have local stories connected to them. For example, the Merry Maidens in West Cornwall is a group of 19 stones. According to the story, they were young women maidens who became stones for dancing on a Sunday. This story shows some of the effects of Christianity (基督教) in the fourth and fifth centuries AD.
When and why?
Early historians thought that the stone circles were temples (寺庙) for the Druids, the priests (牧师) of people who arrived in the UK in about 500 BC. Later research has shown that they are far older than that-at least 4, 000 years old. Stonehenge could have been built 5,000 years ago. Some experts believe they acted like calendars and have shown that some stones line up with sunrise or sunset on the longest and shortest days of the year. Others believe they were places for the dead bodies of the local rich and powerful.
Can I see one?
We may never know their original purpose, but each one leaves the visitor with a strong sense of the shortness of our existence in the sea of history. There are groups of stone circles and other prehistoric monuments (历史遗迹) throughout the British Isles, so wherever you are staying, you must make at least one to be part of your tour.
Title: Stone Circles in the UK
Avebury VS Stonehenge
Avebury is far ___54___ famous than Stonehenge.
A village has developed around the stones in Avebury ___55___ Stonehenge stands alone.
Cultural background
Some are UNESCO World Heritage sites.
Several are related to local stories. For example, the Merry Maidens — a group of 19 girls were ___56___ into stones for dancing on a Sunday.
Time and ___57___
Early historians: They were temples for the Druids in about 500 BC.
Later research: over 4000 years old; Some believe they acted like calendars, others think they were tombs of the local rich and powerful.
Conclusion
They show the shortness of our existence in the history.
You should ___58___ at least one in your tour.
【答案】
54. less 55. while 56. turned/changed 57. purposes/reasons 58. include
【解析】本文主要介绍了英国的石圈的相关信息。
【54题详解】
根据“Avebury is near the far more famous Stonehenge.”可知巨石阵比埃夫伯里要有名的多，埃夫伯里名声更小，than前用famous比较级less famous，表示没有巨石阵有名。故填less。
【55题详解】
根据“What is interesting about it is that a village has grown up around a collection of stones, unlike Stonehenge, which stands alone.”可知此处两者的情况形成对比，用while表示“然而”。故填while。
【56题详解】
根据“According to the story, they were young women maidens who became stones for dancing on a Sunday.”可知此处表示一群19人的女孩被变成了石头，be turned into/be changed into“被变成”。故填turned/changed。
【57题详解】
根据“When and why?”可知此处指的是时间和原因（或目的），purpose“目的”，reason“原因”，此处用可数名词复数。故填purposes/reasons。
【58题详解】
根据“you must make at least one to be part of your tour”可知应该在旅行中包含至少一个，include“包含”，should后接动词原形。故填include。

【无锡市外国语学校2022年中考英语二模试卷】
六、阅读填空
阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后第1-10小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
Many people think stress is bad for health. It raises (增加) the risk of everything from the common cold to serious diseases. Usually we turn stress into the enemy. However, a study has given us a whole new look at it.
In the study, if people with lots of stress don’t believe stress can harm them, they will have the lowest risk of dying, including people with a little stress.
Can changing how you think about stress make you healthier? Science says yes. When you change your mind about stress, you can change your body’s response (反应) to stress. People who consider the stress response as helpful for their life are less stressed, less worried and more confident. How you think and act can change your experience of stress. When you choose to think your stress response is helpful, you create the biology of courage. When you are stressed and choose to communicate with others, you can create resilience (韧性).
You can get away from the bad influences of stress on your health. The most amazing thing is that stress makes you social. Your stress response wants to make sure you notice others in trouble so that you can support each other. When life is hard, your stress response wants you to stay with people who care about you.
Also, stress is not useless. It helps us reach our hearts. Our kindness finds joy and meaning in contacting others. Your heart beats so fast to give you strength and energy. You should think of stress in a new way. If so, you’re not just getting better at stress. You can trust yourself to deal with challenges and believe you don’t have to face them on your own.
How do you make a choice between a stressful life and without stress? Stress lies in many meaningful things. So the best answer is to go after what creates meaning in your life.
Then trust yourself to deal with the stress that follows and make friends with it.
How to change ____54____ into your friend
Common thought
Stress is bad for us and makes people get ____55____ more easily.
New study about stress
Round﹣up
If people with stress don’t believe stress is ____56____, they will have the lowest risk of dying.
Change your mind about stress
When considering stress response is of some ____57____ to life, people will feel less stressed.
Your experience of stress ____58____ on how you think and act under stress.
The bad influences of stress on your health can be ____59____.
Stress makes you social. You and the people around you give each other care and ____60____ when it’s necessary.
Stress is useful
Stress makes your heart beat fast and lets you feel ____61____ and energetic.
Thinking in a new way, you don’t need to face challenges ____62____.
Conclusion
It’s worth going after something _____63_____ and making friends with stress that follows.
【答案】
54. stress 55. illness 56. harmful 57. help 58. depends
59. away 60. support 61. powerful 62. alone 63. meaningful
【解析】本文主要介绍了压力为人们带来的好处以及如何应对。
【54题详解】
根据最后一段“Then trust yourself to deal with the stress that follows and make friends with it.”然后相信自己能够应对随之而来的压力，并与之交朋友。可知本文主要讲了如何与压力交朋友，故填stress。
【55题详解】
根据第一段“Many people think stress is bad for health. It raises (增加) the risk of everything from the common cold to serious diseases.”可知很多人认为压力对健康有害，它增加了一些的风险，从普通的感冒到严重的疾病，题目中使用同义句，即很多人认为压力会更容易让人生病，故填illness。
【56题详解】
根据第二段“In the study, if people with lots of stress don’t believe stress can harm them, they will have the lowest risk of dying, including people with a little stress.”在这项研究中，如果有很大压力的人不相信压力会伤害他们，他们的死亡风险就会最低，包括有一点压力的人。题目中使用同义句，is为系动词，后跟形容词，因此原文中的harm要变为形容词形式，故填harmful。
【57题详解】
根据第三段“People who consider the stress response as helpful for their life are less stressed, less worried and more confident.” 可知，有些人认为压力反应对他们的生活有帮助，helpful与of great help同义，故填help。
【58题详解】
根据第三段“How you think and act can change your experience of stress.”可知你的想法和行为可以改变你对压力的感受，题目中使用同义句，即你对压力的感受取决于你的想法和行为，your experience of stress为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填depends。
【59题详解】
根据第四段“You can get away from the bad influences of stress on your health.”可知你可以摆脱压力对健康的不良影响。题目中使用同义句，即压力对健康的不良影响可以消除，故填away。
【60题详解】
根据第四段“You stress response wants to make sure you notice others in trouble so that you can support each other. When life is hard, your stress response wants you to stay with people who care about you.”可知你的压力反应想要确保你注意到其他人有麻烦，这样你们就可以互相支持。当生活很艰难时，你的压力反应会让你和关心你的人待在一起。题目中使用同义句，即必要的时候你和周围的人给与彼此关注和支持，故填support。
【61题详解】
根据第五段“Your heart beats so fast to give you strength and energy.”可知你的心跳如此之快给了你力量和能量。题目中使用同义句，feel为系动词，后跟形容词，即心跳快让你感到强大并且精力充沛，故填powerful。
【62题详解】
根据第五段“You can trust yourself to deal with challenges and believe you don’t have to face them on your own.”可知你可以相信自己能够应对挑战，相信你不必独自面对它们。on your own与alone同义，故填alone。
【63题详解】
根据第六段“Stress lies in many meaningful things. So the best answer is to go after what creates meaning in your life.”可知压力存在于许多有意义的事情中。所以最好的答案就是去寻找那些能给你的生活带来意义的东西。题目中使用同义句，即值得做一些有意义的事情，不定代词用形容词修饰，因此meaning要变为形容词形式，故填meaningful。

【无锡市锡山高级中学实验学校2022年中考英语一模试题】
七、阅读填空（本大题共5小题，每空1分,共5分）
先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。所填单词必须写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。每个空格只能填一个单词。
There was once a boy who was out playing in a field with his friends. As they were playing, the boy came across a stone that looked interesting. It wasn’t as dull (黯淡无光的) as the other stones. It was a little bit shiny. But it was still quite dirty. The boy picked it up and decided to polish (擦亮) it.
His friends laughed at him for this. They said, “Why are you polishing that old dirty stone? You are so stupid.” But every day, when they went out to play, the boy would bring the stone with him, polishing it no matter when they took breaks.
This went on for some time. Then one day, the boy left his home to join his friends as usual. He had quite a surprise for them. When he showed them the stone, they were amazed. It was, in fact, not a common stone at all—it was a beautiful diamond. The boy had stayed up all night, polishing it until it was completely clean.
There will be times in your life where people will try to discourage you. They will tell you that you’re wasting your time on some meaningless task. But when they do this, the best thing you can do is to pay no attention to them and continue to work toward your goal. You can turn a rough (粗糙的) stone into a diamond if you have persistence(毅力) and courage.
Finding diamonds in the rough
Beginning
While playing in a field with his friends, a boy ____54____ an interesting stone by accident, which was dirty but a bit shiny.
Main body
The boy polished the old dirty stone ____55____ his friends were having a rest, even though they laughed at him. To everyone’s surprise, the stone ____56____ out to be a beautiful diamond.
Conclusion
In our life, sometimes, people around us may tell us it’s just a ____57____ of time. But we should stick to our goal. Because the more courage and persistence we have, the ____58____ we’ll be to our goal.
【答案】54. found 55. when 56. turned 57. waste 58. nearer
【解析】本文通过介绍一个小男孩选择一块丑陋的石头打磨的故事，告诉我们当有人和你有不同意见时，要坚定自己的想法。
【54题详解】
根据“As they were playing, the boy came across a stone that looked interesting.”可知，当他们玩的时候，男孩发现了一块看起来很有趣的石头，句子为一般过去时，发现came over此处可用found 替代。故填found。
【55题详解】
根据“when they went out to play, the boy would bring the stone with him, polishing it no matter when they took breaks.”可知，当他们出去玩的时候，男孩总是带着这块石头，不管他们什么时候休息，他都会打磨石头。所以此处用when“当……时候”。故填when。
【56题详解】
根据“When he showed them the stone, they were amazed. It was, in fact, not a common stone at all—it was a beautiful diamond.”可知，那不是一块普通的石头，而是一颗美丽的钻石，此处表达turn out to…“原来是，结果是”，句子为一般过去时，所以用过去式turned。故填turned。
【57题详解】
根据“They will tell you that you’re wasting your time on some meaningless task…continue to work toward your goal.”可知，别人告诉你在一些无意义的任务上浪费时间时，你能做的最好的事情就是不去理会他们，继续朝着你的目标努力，浪费时间：a waste of time。故填waste。
【58题详解】
根据“You can turn a rough (粗糙的) stone into a diamond if you have persistence(毅力) and courage.”可知，只要有毅力和勇气，原石可成钻石。也可表示为越有勇气和毅力，我们就会离我们的目标越近，近的：near，此处是the+比较级，the +比较级，所以用比较级形式nearer。故填nearer。

【无锡市锡山区锡北片2022年中考英语一模试题】
六、阅读填空 （本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后的表格内填入最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只能填一个单词。
Each country in the world has its own traditional clothes, which show us the country’s traditional aesthetics (美学), philosophy (哲学), and social values in special ways. Here are the four most well-known types of traditional Chinese clothing.
Hanfu
Hanfu is the oldest of China’s traditional clothes. Legend traces it back (追溯) to over 4,000 years ago when Huangdi’s wife, Leizu, made cloth with silk. It was kept improving till the Han Dynasty, when Hanfu was made and strongly promoted (推销) by the rulers. It also had a far-reaching influence on neighboring Asian countries, such as Korea, Japan, and Vietnam.
The Zhongshan suit
The Zhongshan suit, also known as the Mao suit in the world, is a type of male clothes. Women seldom wore it. It was first advocated (提倡) by Sun Zhongshan in 1912, so it was called the Zhongshan suit. Later on, after Chairman Mao had been seen wearing it in public many times, this type of clothes got another name— the Mao suit.
The Tang suit
The Tang suit often refers to a type of Chinese jacket rather than the clothing of the Tang Dynasty. This name came from the overseas Chinese. As the Tang Dynasty was famous for being rich and powerful in the world, foreigners called the overseas Chinese people “the Tang people” and the clothes they wore were called “the Tang suit”, also known as Tangzhuang.
The Cheongsam
The Cheongsam developed from the Manchu women’s Changpao of the Qing Dynasty. The Manchu people were also called the Qi people by the Han people; so their Changpao was named qipao.
Generally, the top-bottom clothes, made up of an yi (the upper clothes) and a chang (the lower clothes), were the earliest form of clothing recorded in Chinese documents. The one-piece clothing was called shenyi. The upper and the lower clothes were made as one piece although they were cut separately.
Topic: Traditional Chinese clothes

Introduction
Chinese traditional aesthetics, philosophy, and social values can be
____54____ in the four most well-known types of traditional Chinese clothing.

Hanfu
※It has a history of over 4000 years.
※It was strongly promoted by Han ruling class.
※It ____55____ all over Asia.

The Zhongshan suit
※It was first advocated by Sun Zhongshan.
※Chairman Mao wore it in public many times.
※It is ____56____ designed for men.

The Tang suit
※It often refers to a type of Chinese jacket.
※It is named ____57____ the rich and powerful Tang dynasty.

The Cheongsam
The Manchu people were called the Qi people; so their Changpao was named qipao.

Conclusion
Traditional Chinese clothes are basically presented in two ____58____: one is Yi and chang; the other is shenyi.
【答案】
54. shown/seen 55. spread 56. mainly 57. after 58. forms
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国最著名的传统服饰。
【54题详解】
根据文中“Each country in the world has its own traditional clothes, which show us the country’s traditional aesthetics (美学), philosophy (哲学), and social values in special ways. Here are the four most well-known types of traditional Chinese clothing.”可知，中国传统的美学、哲学和社会价值观可以在四种最著名的中国传统服装中体现/看出来；此句为情态动词can的被动语态，can be后加动词的过去分词shown/seen。故填shown/seen。
【55题详解】
根据文中“It also had a far-reaching influence on neighboring Asian countries, such as Korea, Japan, and Vietnam.”可知，汉服传播到整个亚洲，句子是一般过去时，动词应用过去式spread。故填spread。
【56题详解】
根据文中“The Zhongshan suit, also known as the Mao suit in the world, is a type of male clothes. Women seldom wore it.”可知，中山装主要是为男性设计的。故填mainly。
【57题详解】
根据文中“As the Tang Dynasty was famous for being rich and powerful in the world, foreigners called the overseas Chinese people “the Tang people” and the clothes they wore were called “the Tang suit”, also known as Tangzhuang.”可知，唐装是在富强的唐代以后被命名的。故填after。
【58题详解】
根据文中“Generally, the top-bottom clothes, made up of an yi (the upper clothes) and a chang (the lower clothes), were the earliest form of clothing recorded in Chinese documents.”可知，中国传统服装基本上有两种形式：一种是上衣和下衣；另一个是“神衣”。故填forms。

【无锡市锡山区锡东片2022年中考英语一模试题】
六、阅读填空（本大题共5小题，每空1分，共5分)
先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。每个空格只能填一个单词。
As a teacher, you need to create rules for your classroom. But how can you make your students want to follow the rules? Give them a hand in creating those rules! Here is how to do it.
Start with a list of the main points, and then, through thoughtful discussion, work with your students to create a set of rules expressed in their language. Use this list as a starting point.
Treat others as you would like to be treated.
Respect other people and their things.
Laugh with anyone, but laugh at no one.
Pay attention to your own learning.
Come to class and hand in homework on time.
Most teachers agree that it’s best to choose only a few rules — those leading to successful learning and a great environment. It’s too hard to remember a long list! Make your rules as clear and specific as possible. Then decide with your students’ help what the punishment will be for breaking those rules.
Teach the rules as you would have a common lesson. It should be your first lesson. Discuss each rule, explain the idea behind it, and ask for examples of how it could be broken. Tell your students that rules help make everyone’s time in school more enjoyable, and use examples to explain this. The rules can also be posted as a reminder and each student is advised to take a copy of the rules home.
Create classroom rules together with your students
___54___
To make students want to follow the rules.
Preparation
Give a list of main points.
Process
___55___ it together;
Create a set of rules;
Decide how to punish those who break the rules.
Attention
Don’t choose ____56____ rules;
The rules should be made ____57____ and specific;
Read the rules in your first lesson.
Follow-up
Post the rules to remind everyone;
____58____ students taking a copy of the rules home.
【答案】54. Purpose 55. Discuss 56. many 57. clear 58. Suggest
【解析】本文主要讲为了让教室成为学习的好地方而制定教室规则，详细介绍了该如何和学生一起制定教室规则。
【54题详解】
根据“To make students want to follow the rules.”可知此处讲和学生一起制定教室规则的目的，purpose“目的”，只有一个目的，用单数，首字母大写。故填Purpose。
【55题详解】
根据“Start with a list of the main points, and then, through thoughtful discussion”可知一开始要一起讨论，discuss“讨论”，此处是祈使句，用动词原形开头，句子开头首字母大写。故填Discuss。
【56题详解】
根据“Most teachers agree that it’s best to choose only a few rules”可知建议不要选择太多规则，rules“规则”，是可数名词复数形式，所以用many“许多”修饰。故填many。
【57题详解】
根据“Make your rules as clear and specific as possible.”可知规则应该明确和具体，clear“清晰易懂的；明白清楚的”。故填clear。
【58题详解】
根据“The rules can also be posted as a reminder and each student is advised to take a copy of the rules home.”可知要建议学生们带一份规则回家，结合“students taking”可知用suggest sb. doing表示“建议某人做某事”，此处是祈使句，以动词原形开头，首字母大写。故填Suggest。

【无锡市新吴区2022年中考英语二模试卷】
六、阅读填空
先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。所填单词必须写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。每个空格只能填一个单词。
Schools in Finland gave up handwriting lessons in 2016, and students were taught how to type and send text messages. Although handwriting is an important part of the curriculum（课程）in the UK, some teachers think typing is now more important. Some people say schools should accept modern life, and others want to protect the important and necessary skill. So what do you think? Should all exams be typed?
Yes—everything is typed these days.
Handwriting is a thing of the past. A 2021 survey found that one in 10 people in the UK wrote nothing by hand that year. With emails and text messages, people’s main ways of communication are typed, not handwritten. Also, during lockdown children got more used to working on devices（设备）. Most written work now is done digitally. Typed tests would be better preparation for the world of work. Exams should be about testing a student’s knowledge, not their handwriting skills. Typed tests would make it easier for everyone to show what they’ve learned.
No—handwriting is an important skill.
Being able to write well is of great importance. Even if people aren’t writing as much as they used to, they’ll still need dear handwriting to fill in forms, for example. Although adults may do most of their writing on computers, a lot of schoolwork is still done by hand. Therefore, handwritten tests are suitable. In fact, studies have shown that people learn more when they write them down by hand than when they’re typing on a keyboard. If the purpose of school and exams is for children to remember all this information in later life, then handwritten tests are the way to go.
Title: Should all exams be typed?
Introduction
● Schools in Finland gave students typing lessons ____54____ of handwriting lessons.
● Some teachers in the UK think typing is more useful.
Reasons why all exams should be typed
● People now ____55____ communicate by typing. Typed tests would be better preparation for the working world.
● Children are more used to typing during lockdown.
● Exams should pay more attention to testing what students have learned, not how well they ____56____.
Reasons why all exams should not be typed
● Handwritten tests are still ____57____ because a lot of schoolwork is still done by hand.
● According to some studies, handwriting has many____58____ over typing in helping students take on more information and learn more.
【答案】
54. instead 55. mainly 56. write 57. important 58. advantages
【解析】本文讲述了芬兰决定将在2016年秋季取消强制的手写课，并开设一些有用的打字课程帮助学生更高效的打字。本文主要介绍了赞同和反对的原因。
【54题详解】
根据“Schools in Finland gave up handwriting lessons in 2016, and students were taught how to type and send text messages.”可知，芬兰的学校给学生上打字课，而不是手写课。instead of“而不是；代替”。故填instead。
【55题详解】
根据“A 2021 survey found that one in 10 people in the UK wrote nothing by hand that year. With emails and text messages, people’s main ways of communication are typed, not handwritten.”可知，人们现在主要通过打字交流。mainly“主要”，副词修饰实义动词。故填mainly。
【56题详解】
根据“Exams should be about testing a student’s knowledge, not their handwriting skills.”可知，考试应该更多地关注学生学到了什么，而不是他们写得怎么样。write“写”，主语为they，时态为一般现在时，使用动词原形。故填write。
【57题详解】
根据“Although adults may do most of their writing on computers, a lot of schoolwork is still done by hand.”可知，手写考试仍然很重要，因为很多作业仍然是手写完成的。important“重要的”，形容词作表语。故填important。
【58题详解】
根据“In fact, studies have shown that people learn more when they write them down by hand than when they’re typing on a keyboard. If the purpose of school and exams is for children to remember all this information in later life, then handwritten tests are the way to go.”可知，根据一些研究，在帮助学生获取更多信息和学习更多知识方面，手写比打字有很多优势。advantage“优势”，many+名词复数。故填advantages。

【无锡市新吴区2022年中考英语一模试题】
六、阅读填空
先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。所填单词必须写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。每个空格只能填一个单词。（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
Frightened passengers trapped in flooded subway cars in Zhengzhou, China. Water pouring down stairways into the London Underground. A woman walking through dirty, deep water to reach a New York City subway station.
Subway systems around the world are fighting with terrible weather brought on by climate (气候) change. Some networks, such as London’s or New York’s, were designed and built starting more than a century ago. At the same time, the crisis (危机) in China shows that even some of the world’s newest systems (Zhengzhou’s system isn’t even 10 years old) can also be overwhelmed (压倒).
“It’s terrible,” said Sarah Kaufman, director of the Rudin Center for Transportation at New York University. “The challenge is, how can we get ready for the next storm, which was supposed to be 100 years away,” she said, “but could happen tomorrow?”

Just days before the China subway crisis, floods in Germany killed more than 160 people. As Robert E. Paaswell, a professor at City College of New York, put it: “Subways are going to flood. They’re going to flood because they are below ground.”
With more terrible flooding down the line, protecting subways all of the time will be impossible. Instead, money is needed in buses and bike lanes (车道) that can serve in other ways of public transportation when subways are flooded.
Some researchers question why public transportation needs to be underground in the first place and say that public transportation should reclaim (重新占领) the street.“We have this habit from the last century to give so much of the space above ground to cars,” he said. “But one bus lane carries more people than three lanes of cars.” said Bernardo Baranda Sepúlveda, a Mexico City-based researcher at the Institute for Transport Development
Terrible Climate Could Overwhelm Subway Systems
Facts of some subway systems all over the world
•China: Terrified passengers were trapped in flooded subway cars.
•Britain: Water rushed down stairways into the London Underground.
•America: A woman walked through dirty waist-deep water to reach a subway platform.
•Germany: Floods made ___54___ 160 people lose their lives.
Not only old subway systems but also these new ones failed to fight with terrible weather
___55___ by climate change.
___56___ of
Different
people
•Sarah: It is ___57___ possible for subway systems to be overwhelmed by the next storm.
•Robert: Subways are below ground so they’re going to flood.
•Bernardo: We should give more available space above ground to buses than to cars.
•The writer: Buses and bike lanes that can serve in other ways of public transportation in floods are ___58___ quite a lot of money.
【答案】
54. over 55. caused 56. Ideas/Thoughts/Opinions 57. highly 58. worth
【解析】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲目前由气候变化造成的地铁安全问题及解决的办法。
【54题详解】
根据“Just days before the China subway crisis, floods in Germany killed more than 160 people.”可知洪水造成超过160人死亡。“more than”的同义词是“over”，故填over。
【55题详解】
根据“At the same time, the crisis (危机) in China shows that even some of the world’s newest systems (Zhengzhou’s system isn’t even 10 years old) can also be overwhelmed (压倒).”可知新的旧的地铁系统都会被洪水压倒，即没能够抵抗由气候变化导致的糟糕天气。“导致”对应的英文是“cause”，此处应用过去分词作后置定语，故填caused。
【56题详解】
根据“It’s terrible,” said Sarah Kaufman, director of the Rudin Center for Transportation at New York University.”及“As Robert E. Paaswell, a professor at City College of New York, put it: “Subways are going to flood. They’re going to flood because they are below ground.”及后面几段可知这几段讲的是不同人持有的不同观点或想法，首字母大写，故填Ideas/Thoughts/Opinions。
【57题详解】
根据“The challenge is, how can we get ready for the next storm, which was supposed to be 100 years away,” she said, “but could happen tomorrow?”可知下一次暴风雨明天就可能来临，说明地铁被压倒的可能性很大。空格处修饰形容词“possible”应用副词修饰，且表示可能性大，应用“highly”修饰。故填highly。
【58题详解】
根据“money is needed in buses and bike lanes (车道) that can serve in other ways of public transportation when subways are flooded.”可知在公共交通如公交车和自行车车道需要钱，即在公交车和自行车车道投入钱是值得的。故填worth。

【无锡宜兴市2022年中考英语二模试卷】
六、阅读填空 （本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。每个空格只能填 一个单词。
You probably know you should say “please” and “thank you” at restaurants. You probably know the rules of a library. You know you should respect and be nice to your classmates. But do you have music manners?
Keep it down! You have to notice the volume of your music. You should not play your music so loud that everyone around you can hear it. Some people might even get angry. Usually, when you play the music loud on a phone, other people can’t hear the words of the song. They just hear a loud sound. Not one wants to listen to this. Very loud music can also be bad for your ears, so even if you are alone when listening to music, you shouldn’t have it turned up too high.
Take them off! You need to know when to turn your music off and put it away. Usually libraries and schools don’t allow phones. There are other places, like museums, which don’t have rules, but it would be rude to listen to music. Sometimes, it just doesn’t make sense to listen to music at certain events. Why would you listen to music at a play, a movie or a sporting event? You would miss what is going on and others would wonder why you even came.
Take one out! Once is a while it’s okay just to take out one earphone and not the other. Imagine you are listening to music when someone asks you the way. It would not be rude to take out one earphone, tell him the way, and put back the earphone and continue listening. You can also do this when you order food at a fast-food restaurant or when you answer the telephone and it’s not for you.
It’s your choice! There are times when you need to decide what is best. For example, some people can listen to music when reading books, while others think it is disturbing. In cases like this, you need to do what seems right for you.
Do you have music ____54____?
Manners
Details
Keep it down!
Don’t play the music loud because people can’t enjoy the words of the song.
____55____ wants to listen to a loud sound nearby.
Very loud music can do harm to your ____56____.
Take them off!
You need to know when to turn your music off and put it away.
Libraries and schools don’t allow phones.
It’s ____57____ to listen to music while you are visiting a museum.
You would not hear what is going on while listening to music at a play, a movie or a sporting event.
Take one out!
Sometimes it’s okay just to take out one earphone and not the other.
when someone asks you the way
when you ____58____ food at a fast-food restaurant
when you answer the telephone and it’s not for you
It’s your choice!
There are times when you need to decide what is best.
【答案】54. manners 55. Nobody 56. ears 57. rude##impolite 58. order
【解析】本文讲述了听音乐时需要注意的一些礼仪问题。
【54题详解】
根据第一段中“But do you have music manners?”可知，你有一些音乐礼仪吗？故填manners。
【55题详解】
根据第二段中“Not one wants to listen to this.”可知，没有人愿意听附近的响亮的声音。故填Nobody。
【56题详解】
根据第二段中“Very loud music can also be bad for your ears”可知，非常响亮的音乐也可能对您的耳朵有害。故填ears。
【57题详解】
根据第三段中“There are other places, like museums, which don’t have rules, but it would be rude to listen to music.”可知，参观博物馆时听音乐是不礼貌的。故填rude/impolite。
【58题详解】
根据第四段中“You can also do this when you order food at a fast-food restaurant or when you answer the telephone and it’s not for you.”可知是指当你在快餐店点餐时。故填order。